Law 11th grade. Training tasks of the USE format. Topic: labor law.

Part 1.

1. Write down the missing word in the diagram.

Answer:dismissal

2. Write down the missing word in the table.

Answer:collective

3. Below is a list of provisions. All of them, excepttwo , are examples of worker rights.

1) conclude an employment contract; 2) take care of the property of the employer; 3) receive wages timely and in full; 4) have full and reliable information about working conditions; 5) conscientiously perform labor duties.

Find two positions that “fall out” of the general series, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the table.

Answer: 25

4. Below are a number of signs. All of them, excepttwo are related to the employment contract.

1) one of the parties is the state, 2) one of the parties is the employee, 3) determines the rights and obligations of the employee and the employer, 4) determines the beginning of labor relations, 5) sets the holidays, 6) determines the mode labor activity.

Find two signs that “fall out” of the general series, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the table.

Answer:15

5. two

1) Agreement of the parties; 2) expiration of the term; 3) the desire of the employee; 4) annual leave; 5) health status; 6) marriage. Find and write down the numbers under which the terms that fall out of this row are indicated.

Answer: 46

6. Below is a list of terms. All of them, excepttwo are the responsibility of the employer.

1) Compliance with labor laws; 2) encouragement of employees for conscientious efficient work; 3) demand for performance by employees job duties; 4) providing employees with work stipulated by an employment contract; 5) ensuring safety and working conditions; 6) conclusion, amendment and termination of employment contracts with employees.

Answer: 23

7. Below is a list of rights and obligations. All of them, excepttwo , apply only to the rights of the worker.

1) take care of the property of the employer; 2) receive wages on time and in full; 3) work in conditions that meet the requirements of safety and hygiene; 4) conscientiously perform their labor functions; 5) have full reliable information about working conditions; 6) conclude an employment contract.

Answer: 14

8. Below is a list of terms. All of them, excepttwo , relate to the legal grounds for termination employment contract.

1) Health status; 2) annual leave; 3) higher education; 4) the desire of the employee; 5) downsizing; 6) appearance at work in a state of intoxication. Find and write down the numbers of terms that fall out of this row.

Answer: 23

9. Below is a list of terms. All of them, excepttwo are the duties of the employee.

1) Conscientious performance of their labor functions; 2) compliance with the rules of internal labor regulations; 3) obtaining a job stipulated by an employment contract; 4) compliance labor discipline; 5) obtaining complete reliable information about working conditions and labor protection requirements at the workplace; 6) careful attitude to the property of the employer.

Find and write down the numbers of terms that fall out of this row.

Answer: 35

10. Find in the list below possible ways ensuring the labor discipline of employees and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) creation of comfortable working conditions

2) impact persuasion

3) establishing a minimum wage

4) progressive tax system

5) incentive for conscientious work

Answer: 125

11. In the list below, find the characteristics that indicate the legal status of the unemployed, and write down the numbers under which they are given.

1) lack of work and income

2) full-time higher education educational institution

3) doing business

4) registration at the employment office

5) receiving unemployment benefits

Answer: 145

12. Find situations in the list below that are relatedWithemployment relationship, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) the locksmith was late for work

2) the teacher was late for the lesson

3) the theater director was late for the anniversary

4) the boss was late for the meeting

5) the passenger was late for the ship

6) the secretary was late for the picnic

Answer:124

13. Match Actions to Items legal status employee in the Russian Federation: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

A) conscientiously perform their labor functions assigned to him by an employment contract

B) receive wages on time and in full

C) comply with established labor standards

D) observe labor discipline

D) receive complete and reliable information about working conditions

ELEMENTS OF THE LEGAL STATUS OF AN EMPLOYEE IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

1) rights

2) responsibilities

Answer: 21221

14. A fourteen-year-old teenager decided to earn some money to help his mother, who is raising him and her sister alone, and for this purpose he tried to get a job in night club since he heard that there is very good earnings. However, after talking with the administration of the club, he learned that there are a number of restrictions on the employment of minors. Which of the following restrictions did not allow the administration of the nightclub to conclude an employment contract with a teenager? Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) work must be carried out in their free time from study

2) it is forbidden to work in firms that could harm the moral development of minors

3) the teenager must receive a basic general education

4) labor in a nightclub is salaried

5) work in a nightclub is dependent

6) teenagers are prohibited from being hired with harmful conditions labor

Answer:26

15. Citizen D. decided to get a job in private firm. At the conclusion of the employment contract, the owner of the firm warned her to carefully read the employment contract, because Labor Code The Russian Federation provides a private company with a number of opportunities that may not suit citizen D. Which of the listed private provisions can entrepreneurs determine on their own? Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) minimum size wages

2) the amount of incentive payments

3) the number of working hours per week

4) wage system

5) the minimum duration of annual paid basic leave

6) official salaries

Answer:246

16. Auto mechanic Roman found new job. To conclude an employment contract, he brought military registration documents and a work book. What else, according to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, should Roman present to the employer? write downnumbers , under which the relevant documents are indicated.

3) passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation

4) tax notice

Answer: 235

17. Find in the list the conditions that are mandatory for inclusion in the employment contract, write downnumbers, under which they are listed.

1) characteristics of the working conditions of the employee

2) types and conditions of the employee's social insurance

3) payment for travel to the place of work

4) indication of the date of commencement of work

5) health insurance

Answer: 124

18. Andrey S. works as a milling machine operator at the plant. In connection with the production need, the management of the enterprise decided to transfer him to work in another workshop. Andrei S. considered this a change in the terms of the employment contract and refused to do so. Which authorities can Andrey S. apply to to consider his disagreements with the administration of the enterprise? Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

2) to court general jurisdiction

3) in court of Arbitration

4) to the police

5) to a trade union organization

6) to the commission on labor disputes

Answer: 56

19. In accordance with the law, Ivan works as an orderly in the district hospital of the city of N. Kaka Additional Information evidence that he works there, doing alternative civilian service? Choose the correct statements and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) Ivan is not entitled to another vacation.

2) Ivan cannot terminate a fixed-term employment contract on his own initiative.

3) Ivan has no right to combine this work with work in other organizations.

4) Ivan is not paid wages.

5) Military service is contrary to Ivan's beliefs.

6) Ivan cannot marry.

Answer: 235

20. Select correct judgments on labor law and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) Conclusion of an employment contract for general rule allowed with persons over 15 years of age.

2) When hiring, a probationary period of not more than one month must be established.

3) The employee has the right to terminate the employment contract by notifying the employer in writing no later than two weeks in advance, unless otherwise stipulated by law.

4) The employer may terminate the contract on his own initiative in cases of liquidation of the organization.

5) Circumstances beyond the control of the parties may serve as grounds for terminating an employment contract.

Answer: 345

21. A graduate of a professional college, Roman found a job in his specialty. To conclude an employment contract, he brought military registration documents and a work book. What else, according to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, should Roman present to the employer in order to conclude an employment contract? Write down the numbers under which the relevant documents are indicated.

1) certificate of registration of ownership of the dwelling

2) insurance certificate of state pension insurance

3) passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation

4) tax notice

5) diploma of secondary vocational education

6) an extract from the financial and personal account

Answer: 235

22. Establish a correspondence between the actions and elements of the legal status of the employer in the Russian Federation: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

A) provide representatives of employees with complete and reliable information necessary for the conclusion of a collective agreement, agreement and control over their implementation

B) require employees to fulfill their labor duties

C) ensure safety and working conditions that comply with state regulatory requirements for labor protection

D) compensate for harm caused to employees in connection with the performance of their labor duties

D) conduct collective bargaining and conclude collective agreements

ELEMENTS

LEGAL

STATUS

EMPLOYER IN RF

1) duties

2) rights

Answer: 12112

23. Igor works as a mechanic at a factory. Which of the above positions characterize his rights as an employee in accordance with the Labor Code of the Russian Federation? Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) joining a trade union to protect their labor rights, freedoms and legitimate interests

2) observance of labor discipline

3) obtaining complete reliable information about working conditions

4) careful attitude to the property of the employer

5) fulfillment of established production standards

6) getting a job stipulated by an employment contract

Answer: 136

24. What, according to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, refers to the rights of the employer? write downnumbers under which they are listed.

1) the right to demand compliance with labor discipline

2) the right to rest

3) the right to encourage employees

4) the right to a fair wage

5) the right to have safe working conditions

6) the right to bring employees to disciplinary responsibility

Answer: 136

25. Leonid, a medical university graduate, found a job as a doctor. To conclude an employment contract, he brought military registration documents and a work book. What other documents, according to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, should Leonid present to the employer? Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) certificate of registration of ownership of the dwelling

2) insurance certificate of state pension insurance

3) an extract from the financial and personal account

4) tax notice

5) passport or other identity document

6) diploma of higher education

Answer: 256

26. In what situations did the administration of the enterprise carry out the illegal dismissal of employees? Choose the correct positions and writenumbers under which they are listed.

1) Three calendar days before the expiration of the employment contract, Konstantin E. was warned in writing about the desire of the administration not to renew the contract.

2) Sofya V. was ill for a month and a half, and when she closed her disability certificate and went to work, she received a dismissal order in her hands.

3) Irina S. was fired for being absent from the workplace for more than four hours - she was called to the hospital, where her son was urgently hospitalized.

4) The employment contract with Tatyana A. was terminated due to a reduction in the number and staff of the organization's employees.

5) Arkady S. was fired for appearing at work in a state of intoxication.

6) Diana S. was dismissed from her position due to insufficient qualifications, confirmed by the attestation commission.

Answer: 23

27. Establish a correspondence between examples of legal sanctions and types of legal liability: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

A) reprimand

B) fine

B) deprivation of a special right

D) confiscation

D) getting fired

TYPE OF LEGAL

RESPONSIBILITIES

1) disciplinary

2) administrative

Answer: 12221

28. 16-year-old Kristina entered into an employment contract with an employer. What distinguishes her legal status from the legal status of an adult worker? Write down the numbers under which the corresponding differences are indicated.

1) duty to observe labor discipline

2) obligatory passage of a preliminary medical examination

3) performance of work in accordance with the employment contract

5) annual basic paid leave of 31 calendar days at a time convenient for the employee

6) the need to obtain the consent of parents (guardians) to conclude an employment contract

Answer: 245

29. Choose the correct judgments about the legal capacity and capacity of a person and write downnumbers under which they are listed.

1) According to Russian law, a person can voluntarily renounce legal capacity and legal capacity.

2) A 16-year-old teenager can be declared fully capable if he works under an employment contract.

3) In the past, certain categories of the population were excluded from the circle of legal capacity.

4) In accordance with the law, the full legal capacity of an individual comes from the age of 18.

5) The incapacity of a person is established by the guardianship and guardianship authorities.

Answer:23

30. Select the correct statements about the employer's responsibilities and write downnumbers under which they are listed.

1) The duty of the employer is to ensure the working conditions provided for by law.

2) The employer is obliged to provide employees with work stipulated by the employment contract.

3) The obligations of the employer include the implementation labor function determined by the employment contract.

4) The employer is obliged to comply with the internal labor regulations in force in the organization.

5) The employer is obliged to submit documents confirming professional qualifications.

Answer: 12

31. Establish a correspondence between the subjects of relations and the branches of law that these subjects represent: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

A) workers and employers

B) sellers and buyers

B) services and employment agencies

D) tenants and landlords

D) adoptive parents and adopted children

BRANCHES OF LAW

1) family law

2) labor law

3) civil law

Answer: 23231

33. 16-year-old Andrei decided during the summer holidays to work as an auxiliary worker in grocery store. Find in the list below the guarantees provided for by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation in relation to underage workers, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) set abbreviated working time: the employee works 35 hours, and receives payment as per the norm (40 hours)

2) a minor worker can perform hard work with harmful working conditions

4) an employment contract with a minor can be concluded only with the written consent of the parents or persons replacing them

5) a minor worker may be required to work at night

6) the salary of a minor employee is set in the amount of half the salary of an adult employee

Answer:134

33. Establish a correspondence between examples and grounds for termination of an employment contract in the Russian Federation: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

BUT) Certifying commission confirmed that Mark G. did not have sufficient qualifications for the position.

B) Victor P. repeatedly failed to perform without good reasons job duties, had several disciplinary sanctions.

C) 24-year-old Roman V. was sent to military service by conscription.

D) Irina A. got married and moved to another city.

E) Upon the expiration of the term of the employment contract, Peter M. was not elected to the position he previously held as head of the department of philosophy.

GROUNDS FOR TERMINATION

LABOR

AGREEMENTS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

1) employer's initiative

2) employee initiative

3) circumstances beyond the control of the parties

Answer: 11323

34. A 11th grade student is preparing a report to speak at round table"Requirements for a modern worker as a subject of labor activity". Which of the requirements listed below can he talk about in his speech? Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) qualifications corresponding to the nature of work

2) ensuring working conditions that comply with safety regulations

3) timely payment of wages in full

4) social insurance

5) compliance with the internal labor regulations

6) compliance with labor laws

Answer: 156

35. Read the text below, in which a number of words (phrases) are missing. Choose from the proposed list of words (phrases) that you want to insert in place of the gaps.

"Care trade unions are directly related to *** (A) of the work in which their members are engaged. And yet all professional associations have common tasks. The most important of these are improving *** (B) and ensuring its security. They are also concerned about providing *** (B) to adolescents and women (especially pregnant women or those with young children). The constant concern of trade unions is the reduction of *** (D) of workers in the workplace or their injury. It is under the pressure of the trade unions that *** (D) has now been adopted in most civilized countries of the world, regulating working conditions and ensuring a reduction in industrial injuries. But in the world of economics, everything has a price. Such activities of the trade unions lead to a real rise in the cost of labor for *** (E).”

List of terms:

2) professionalism

3) risk of death

4) special laws

5) benefits

6) salary

7) feature

8) firms-buyers

9) insurance

Answer: 715348

36. Read the text below with a number of words missing. Choose from the proposed list of words that you want to insert in place of the gaps.

“*** (A) is an agreement between the employer and *** (B), according to which the employer undertakes to provide work according to the stipulated labor function, provide *** (C), pay wages on time and in full. And the employee undertakes *** (D) to comply with the internal labor regulations in force in the organization. The conditions on the place of work, the date of commencement of work, the name of the position, profession, specialty, indicating the qualification or specific labor function, the rights and obligations of the employee and the employer, the characteristics of working conditions, wages and types of social insurance are *** (D). Conditions on probation, on non-disclosure of commercial, official or state secrets and others are *** (E). Employment contracts can be concluded for an indefinite period or for a fixed period, but not more than *** (F).

List of terms:

2) 10 years

3) employment contract

4) work personally

5) civil contract

6) optional conditions

7) prerequisites

8) worker

9) 5 years

Answer:3814769

Part 2

Read the text and complete tasks 21-24.

“Labor law occupies one of the leading places in the system of modern Russian law. It governs public relations, which are formed in the process of functioning of the labor market, organization and application of the labor market. Taken together, these relations constitute the main elements (core) of the subject matter of Russian labor law.

The social relations that arise in the production of material and spiritual goods are of an objective nature and are inherent in any joint work. At the same time, joint work should be considered as an integral property social production, as a connection of people interacting in the collective use of tools and means of labor. Moreover, this interaction always has the features of organized labor. Thus, joint work is a system of organized behavior of people who have realized the need to comply with certain rules for the use of labor in a team.

Two main types of joint work should be distinguished depending on the economic situation of the participants: independent work and wage labor; the second variety determines the possibility of exploitation of hired workers and the need for the existence of a labor market ( work force) as an integral part of market economic relations. Along with these main varieties of joint labor, there is also a mixed form that involves the collective labor of owners and non-owners.

At the same time, it is important to emphasize that labor law is intended to regulate not labor technology, but social connections on its organization and application, because the subject of labor law is not labor, but only public form labor, his social structure or otherwise - the relationship between people according to their participation in social labor "

(O.V. Smirnov).

21. What does the author understand by the term "joint work"?

22. Specify the types of joint labor named by the author. Give examples for each of these types.

23. What is the name of the main source of law that regulates relations between participants (subjects) labor relations in modern Russian legislation. Name the positions (at least three) that are covered in this document.

24. The author argues that "labor law occupies one of the leading places in the system of modern Russian law." Based on the knowledge of the social science course, other academic disciplines and social experience, give three arguments supporting the author's point of view.

Answer:

21. By joint work, the author understands "a system of organized behavior of people who have realized the need to comply with certain rules for the use of labor in a team."

22. Depending on the economic situation of the participants, independent labor and wage labor are distinguished.

Independent work under the current legislation can be formalized, for example, as an “entrepreneur without forming a legal entity”.

Employment to work as a secretary under an employment contract is an example of hired labor.

23. The main source of labor law in the Russian Federation is the Labor Code Russian Federation. The legislative document considers such legal issues like working time, rest time, employment contract, wages, etc.

24. The following arguments can be cited to support the author's point of view:

Labor activity in conditions market economy regulated by labor law:

1) labor law provides the necessary guarantees to the employee (minimum wage, guaranteed vacation, etc.);

2) labor law allows you to clearly define the rights of the employer;

3) conclusion of an employment contract ( required condition in employment) avoids many controversial issues.

25. What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept of "employment contract"? Drawing on the knowledge of the social science course, make two sentences: one sentence containing information about the features of concluding an employment contract, and one sentence revealing any grounds for terminating an employment contract.

Answer:

1) the meaning of the concept, for example: “An employment contract is an agreement between an employee and an employer, according to which the employee undertakes to personally perform work in a certain position corresponding to his qualifications, and the employer undertakes to provide the employee with work, ensure working conditions, pay wages on time” ;

2) the following suggestions may be given:

- “The employment contract is concluded in writing, drawn up in two copies, each of which is signed by the parties: one copy is transferred to the employee, the second to the employer”;

- “The basis for terminating an employment contract may be the expiration of the term of the employment contract, except in cases where the employment relationship actually continues and neither party has demanded its termination.”

26.1. Name and illustrate with examples any three basic rights of the employer, enshrined in the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

Answer: For example:

- conclude, amend and terminate employment contracts with employees;

- conduct collective negotiations and conclude collective agreements;

- encourage employees for conscientious efficient work;

- require employees to fulfill their labor duties and respect the property of the employer (including the property of third parties held by the employer, if the employer is responsible for the safety of this property) and other employees, compliance with internal labor regulations;

- involve employees in disciplinary and liability in the manner prescribed by this Code, other federal laws;

- adopt local regulations (with the exception of employers - individuals who are not individual entrepreneurs);

- create associations of employers in order to represent and protect their interests and join them.

26.2. Name and illustrate with examples any three basic employee rights enshrined in the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

Answer: For example:

- conclusion, amendment and termination of an employment contract;

- providing him with a job stipulated by an employment contract;

- workplace, corresponding to the state regulatory requirements for labor protection and the conditions provided for by the collective agreement;

- timely and in full payment of wages in accordance with their qualifications, the complexity of the work, the quantity and quality of the work performed;

- rest provided by the establishment of normal working hours, reduced working hours for individual professions and categories of employees, providing weekly days off, non-working public holidays paid annual leave;

- full reliable information about working conditions and labor protection requirements at the workplace;

- vocational training, retraining and improvement of their qualifications in the manner prescribed by law;

- association, including the right to create trade unions and join them to protect their labor rights, freedoms and legitimate interests;

- participation in the management of the organization in cases provided for by law;

- conducting collective negotiations and concluding collective agreements and agreements through their representatives, as well as information on the implementation of the collective agreement, agreements;

- protection of their labor rights, freedoms and legitimate interests by all means not prohibited by law;

- resolution of individual and collective labor disputes, including the right to strike, in the manner prescribed by law;

- compensation for harm caused to him in connection with the performance of labor duties, and compensation for moral damage in the manner prescribed by law;

- compulsory social insurance in cases stipulated by federal laws.

27.1. Natalia N. worked as a nurse in the city hospital. After entering the university, she could not combine her studies with work and decided to leave her job. What was the basis for terminating the employment contract in this case? Name any two other grounds on which an employment contract may be terminated.

Answer:

answer to the question: the basis for termination of the employment contract was the employee's own initiative;

other grounds such as:

Agreement of the parties;

Termination of the employment contract at the initiative of the employer;

Transfer of an employee at his request or with his consent to work for another employer or transfer to elective work (position);

Circumstances beyond the control of the parties (natural disasters, etc.). Other justifications may be given.

27.2. An 11-year-old citizen of the Russian Federation decided to get a job as a courier under an employment contract. But none of the firms he applied to accepted him. Are the firms doing the right thing? Provide justification for your opinion. Which document provides a qualified answer to this question?

Answer: Legal. Maybe from the age of 14 with parental consent. Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

27.3 Tatyana got a job permanent job to a small private company. Should the head of the company make an appropriate entry about applying for a job in Tatyana's work book? Justify your answer.

An affirmative answer to the question.Rationale for the answer : employers (with the exception of employers - individuals who are not individual entrepreneurs) work books for each employee who has worked for him for more than five days, in the case when the work for this employer is the main one for the employee. This enterprise is a firm, i.e. entity.

27.4 The head of the design bureau said that he was accepting a designer with a trial period of six months. During this period, the applicant will be paid the minimum wage and will have to work in a lower position. Which conditions(s) offered by the employer violate(s) the norms of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation? Explain your opinion.

Answer: The correct answer should be:elements :

1) conditions that violate the Labor Code of the Russian Federation :

- work in a lower position than the one for which the applicant is going,

- establishing a minimum wage;

2) explanation : the test of the employee is carried out in order to verify his compliance with the assigned work; during the probation period, the employee is subject to the provisions of labor legislation and other regulatory legal acts containing labor law norms, a collective agreement, agreements, local regulations.

27.5 Marina is 17 years old. When she was hired, she was given a full working week (40 hours). Has the law been broken? Explain your opinion. Using social science knowledge, indicate two features of labor regulation for workers under the age of 18.

Answer: The law has been broken.

Underage workers are entitled to a shorter work week; Peculiarities:

- termination of the employment contract at the initiative of the employer is possible only with the consent of state inspection labor;

- for such workers, reduced production rates may be established.

28. Compose complicated plan detailed answer on the topic "Labor relations".

One of the options for the disclosure plan for this topic:

1) Definition of labor relations.

2) Participants of labor relations, their rights and obligations:

a) employees;

b) employers.

3) Conclusion of an employment contract - necessary condition emergence of labor relations.

4) Grounds for termination of the employment contract:

a) agreement of the parties;

b) expiration of the contract;

c) termination of the employment contract at the initiative of the employee;

d) violation of labor discipline by an employee;

e) liquidation of the organization, etc.

5) Labor dispute and ways to resolve it.

6) Features of labor of minors:

a) probationary periods are not allowed;

b) reduced hours of work;

c) reduced production rates;

d) vacation 31 calendar days at any time convenient for the employee, etc.

7) Features of labor relations in modern Russia.

Explanation.

Art. 63 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation:

The conclusion of an employment contract is allowed with persons who have reached the age of sixteen years.

In cases of receiving general education or continuing to master the main general education program of general education in a form of education other than full-time, or leaving, in accordance with the federal law of a general education institution, an employment contract may be concluded by persons who have reached the age of fifteen to perform light work that does not harm their health.

With the consent of one of the parents (trustee) and the body of guardianship and guardianship, an employment contract may be concluded with a student who has reached the age of fourteen years, to perform light work in his free time from school that does not harm his health and does not violate the learning process.

In cinematography organizations, theaters, theater and concert organizations, circuses, it is allowed, with the consent of one of the parents (guardian) and the permission of the guardianship and guardianship authority, to conclude an employment contract with persons under the age of fourteen years to participate in the creation and (or) performance (exhibition ) works without prejudice to health and moral development. The employment contract on behalf of the employee in this case is signed by his parent (guardian). The permission of the body of guardianship and guardianship indicates the maximum allowable duration daily work and other conditions under which the work may be performed.

Answer: 1

Indicate the circumstance preventing marriage in accordance with the legislation existing in the Russian Federation.

1) the absence of property among those entering into marriage

2) the presence of restrictions in the physical capabilities of those entering into marriage

3) lack of general secondary education among those entering into marriage

4) the presence of close kinship between persons entering into marriage

Explanation.

Also in ancient world It was taboo to mix blood.

The correct answer is number 4.

Answer: 4

Are you saying that disabled people cannot marry?

Guest 11.07.2012 16:15

Tell me, what article prohibits close relatives from marrying?

Anastasia Smirnova (St. Petersburg)

Article 14 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation.

Which of the following governs family law?

1) receiving an inheritance by will

2) the procedure for obtaining citizenship

3) the procedure for paying child support

4) the procedure for acquiring real estate

Explanation.

Alimony - funds that, in cases established by law, some family members are obliged to pay for the maintenance of other family members who need it.

Answer: 3

Subject area: Law. Legal regulation of relations between spouses, the procedure and conditions for the conclusion and dissolution of marriage

Which of the following applies to the property obligations of the spouses:

1) choice of residence

2) payment of alimony

3) relationships in the family based on mutual assistance, respect, care

4) choice of surname

Explanation.

Alimony - funds (in cash or in kind) for food (maintenance), which the law obliges to pay one of the spouses to the other, a parent - a minor child, an adult child - an elderly parent, etc. They can be paid/transferred voluntarily or compulsorily, in a judicial proceeding.

Answer: 2

Subject area: Law. Legal regulation of relations between spouses, the procedure and conditions for the conclusion and dissolution of marriage

What situation is governed by family law?

1) Citizen K. was denied marriage with a minor citizen JI.

2) citizen M. entered into an agreement with citizen N. to purchase an apartment

3) citizen O. refused to participate in the theft of the computer

4) citizen P. did not pay for the bus fare

Explanation.

Family law regulates the procedure for entering into marriage and its dissolution, adoption.

The second and third -  this is civil law.

The fourth one is  administrative.

The correct answer is number 1.

Answer: 1

Subject area: Law. Legal regulation of relations between spouses, the procedure and conditions for the conclusion and dissolution of marriage

What situation is regulated by labor law?

1) citizen R. filed an application with the court for the division of property with his ex-wife

2) citizen S. was hired for a probationary period

3) citizen T. was found not guilty by the court and released right in the courthouse

4) citizen U. drove a car while intoxicated

Explanation.

The Labor Code regulates the procedure for employment, dismissal, and drawing up an employment contract.

The correct answer is number 2.

Answer: 2

Subject area: Law. The procedure for hiring, the procedure for concluding and terminating an employment contract

The procedure for hiring and dismissal, payroll, rest time are regulated

1) the Constitution of the Russian Federation

2) Civil Code

3) Labor Code

4) Criminal Code

Explanation.

The Constitution of the Russian Federation is the fundamental law of the Russian Federation, a normative legal act with the highest legal force, fixing the foundations of the constitutional order, the state structure, the formation of representative, executive, judicial authorities and the system of local self-government, the rights and freedoms of man and citizen.

Civil Code of the Russian Federation (CC of Russia) - a code of federal laws of the Russian Federation governing civil law relations. The Civil Code takes precedence over other federal laws and other normative legal acts in the field of civil law.

Labor Code of the Russian Federation - codified legislative act(code) on labor, Federal Law No. 197-FZ of December 30, 2001. It was put into effect on February 1, 2002 instead of the Code of Labor Laws of the RSFSR (Labor Code of the RSFSR) of 1971 that was in force before it. The Code defines labor relations between employees and employers and takes precedence over other adopted federal laws related to labor relations, with Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation,

Decrees of the Government of the Russian Federation, etc.

The Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) is the main and only source of criminal law, the only normative act establishing the criminality and punishability of acts on the territory of the Russian Federation - Russia.

The correct answer is number 3.

Answer: 3

Subject area: Law. The procedure for hiring, the procedure for concluding and terminating an employment contract

According to Art. 63 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the conclusion of an employment contract (as a general rule) is allowed with persons who have reached the age

Explanation.

The conclusion of an employment contract is allowed with persons who have reached the age of 16 years.

The correct answer is number 1.

Answer: 1

Subject area: Law. The procedure for hiring, the procedure for concluding and terminating an employment contract

Source: Demo version of the USE-2013 in social studies.

According to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the duty of the employer is

1) conclude, amend and terminate employment contracts with employees

2) provide employees with equal pay for work of equal value

3) encourage employees for conscientious work

4) bring employees to disciplinary responsibility

Explanation.

Obligations of the employer under the Labor Code of the Russian Federation:

The employer is obliged:

− comply with labor legislation and other normative legal acts containing labor law norms, labor contracts and agreements;

− provide employees with work stipulated by the employment contract;

− ensure safety and working conditions that comply with state regulatory requirements for labor protection;

- provide employees with equipment, tools, technical documentation and other means necessary for the performance of their labor duties;

− provide workers with equal pay for work of equal value;

− pay in full the wages due to employees within the time limits established in accordance with this Code, the collective agreement, internal labor regulations, labor contracts;

− conduct collective negotiations, as well as conclude a collective agreement in the manner prescribed by this Code;

-provide employees' representatives with complete and reliable information necessary for the conclusion of a collective agreement, agreement and control over their implementation;

− to acquaint employees against signature with the adopted local regulations that are directly related to their work activities;

− promptly comply with the instructions of the federal executive body authorized to exercise federal state supervision over compliance with labor laws and other regulatory legal acts containing labor law norms, other federal bodies executive power exercising state control (supervision) in the established field of activity, pay fines imposed for violations of labor legislation and other regulatory legal acts containing labor law norms;

− consider the submissions of the relevant trade union bodies, other representatives elected by the employees about the revealed violations of labor legislation and other acts containing labor law norms, take measures to eliminate the identified violations and report the measures taken to these bodies and representatives;

− create conditions that ensure the participation of employees in the management of the organization in the forms provided for by this Code, other federal laws and the collective agreement;

− provide for the everyday needs of employees related to the performance of their labor duties;

− carry out compulsory social insurance of employees in accordance with the procedure established by federal laws;

− compensate for harm caused to employees in connection with the performance of their labor duties, as well as compensate for moral damage in the manner and on the terms established by this Code, other federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation;

The correct answer is numbered: 2.

Answer: 2

Subject area: Law. The procedure for hiring, the procedure for concluding and terminating an employment contract

Source: Unified State Examination in Social Studies 06/10/2013. main wave. Center. Option 1.

The conditions that must be met in order to enter into a marriage are

1) reaching the age of 21

2) complete secondary education

3) mutual consent of the bride and groom

4) the presence of the groom's own earnings

Explanation.

Marriage is a voluntary union of a man and a woman, established in accordance with the procedure established by law.

Answer: 3

Subject area: Law. Legal regulation of relations between spouses, the procedure and conditions for the conclusion and dissolution of marriage

Source: Unified State Examination in Social Studies 06/10/2013. main wave. Center. Option 6.

According to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, an individual who has the right and opportunity to work under an employment contract is called

1) an employee

2) employer

3) hard worker

4) partner

Explanation.

An employee is a subject of labor law, an individual working under an employment contract with an employer. The legal status of an employee is determined by labor legislation, labor and collective agreements.

The correct answer is numbered: 1.

Answer: 1

Subject area: Law. The procedure for hiring, the procedure for concluding and terminating an employment contract

Source: Unified State Examination in Social Studies 06/10/2013. main wave. Siberia. Option 1.

According to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, an individual who has the right and opportunity to work under an employment contract is called

1) employer

2) partner

3) an employee

4) hard worker

Explanation.

An employee is a subject of labor law, an individual working under an employment contract with an employer. The legal status of an employee is determined by labor legislation, labor and collective agreements

The correct answer is numbered: 3.

Answer: 3

Subject area: Law. The procedure for hiring, the procedure for concluding and terminating an employment contract

Source: Unified State Examination in Social Studies 06/10/2013. main wave. Siberia. Option 5.

To designate one of the parties to an employment contract, the Labor Code of the Russian Federation uses the term

1) "natural person"

2) "entrepreneur"

3) "employed"

4) "employer"

Explanation.

The employer is one of the subjects of labor law. According to Art. 20 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, an employer is a legal entity, an individual, a public legal entity that has entered into an employment relationship with an employee.

The correct answer is numbered: 4.

Answer: 4

Subject area: Law. The procedure for hiring, the procedure for concluding and terminating an employment contract

Source: Unified State Examination in Social Studies 06/10/2013. main wave. Siberia. Option 6.

According to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, an individual or legal entity that has entered into an employment relationship with an employee is called

1) director

2) managerA mandatory condition of the employment contract is

1) registration of compulsory social insurance of an employee

2) test when applying for a job

3) acceptance by the employee of non-disclosure obligations

4) improvement of the social and living conditions of the worker

Explanation.

Only 1 is correct.

The following conditions are mandatory for inclusion in an employment contract, in accordance with Article 57 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation:

−information about the identity documents of the employee and the employer - an individual*;

− identification number of the taxpayer (for employers, except for employers - individuals who are not individual entrepreneurs)*;

- place of work, and in the case when an employee is hired to work in a branch, representative office or other separate structural subdivision of the organization located in another locality, the place of work indicating the separate structural subdivision and its location;

- labor function (work according to the position in accordance with the staff list, profession, specialty, indicating qualifications; specific type of work assigned to the employee); if, in accordance with federal laws, the provision of compensations and benefits or the presence of restrictions is associated with the performance of work in certain positions, professions, specialties, then the names of these positions, professions or specialties and qualification requirements for them must correspond to the names and requirements specified in the qualification reference books approved in the manner established by the Government of the Russian Federation;

- the date of commencement of work, and in the case when a fixed-term employment contract is concluded, also the term of its validity and the circumstances (reasons) that served as the basis for concluding a fixed-term employment contract in accordance with the Labor Code of the Russian Federation or other federal law;

− conditions of remuneration (including the size of the tariff rate or salary ( official salary) employee, additional payments, allowances and incentive payments);

− the mode of working time and rest time (if for a given employee it differs from general rules operating for this employer);

-compensation for hard work and work with harmful and (or) dangerous working conditions, if the employee is hired in appropriate conditions, indicating the characteristics of working conditions at the workplace;

− conditions that determine, if necessary, the nature of work (mobile, traveling, on the road, other nature of work);

− a condition on compulsory social insurance of an employee in accordance with the Labor Code of the Russian Federation and other federal laws;

− other conditions in cases stipulated by labor legislation and other normative legal acts containing labor law norms.

Subject area: Law. Basic rules and principles of civil procedure

marriage is not allowed

2) close relatives

3) adoptive parents and adopted children

4) persons, of which at least one is recognized by the court as incapable due to a mental disorder.

The correct answer is numbered: 4.

Answer: 4

Subject area: Law. Legal regulation of relations between spouses, the procedure and conditions for the conclusion and dissolution of marriage

Laws are needed not only for

to intimidate citizens, but also to

to help them.

Voltaire

• Declaration of the Rights and Freedoms of Man and Citizen;
• Convention on the Rights of the Child
• the Constitution of the Russian Federation;
• Labor Code of the Russian Federation;
• Separate labor laws;
• By-laws;
• Corporate regulations;

Article 37 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation

Work

voluntary

free

safe

right

to rest

we pay

right

for permission

disputes

Parties to labor relations

employee

employer

citizens as subjects of labor law

Labor

legal capacity

Labor

legal capacity

Labor

legal personality

Labor personality

full labor

legal personality

part-time work

legal personality

from 15 years old

from 14 years old

• you can get a job and bear all the responsibilities that follow from this

• work should be classified as easy;
• work should not cause harm to physical health and morale;
• work should not interfere with study;
• written consent from one of the parents

General qualities of an employee

employee

Business qualities:

• knowledge
• skills
• an experience
• conscientiousness
• honesty
• other

political

beliefs

floor

race,

nationality

attitude

to religion

place

residence

social

origin

property

position

Duties of the parties

Citizen

Employer

rationally

use labor

work conscientiously

comply with labor

discipline

to make a conditions

labor

protect property

pay for labor

comply with the norms

labor

increase

qualifications

After graduating from school, the most active member of the theater circle, Natasha Mayorova, the favorite of the school, tried to enter the theater institute, but was unsuccessful. Without working anywhere, she read books at home, listened to music, and danced. Her parents tried to get her a job as a postman, a pension worker at Sberbank. However, she refused every time, answering that, according to the Constitution, labor in our country is free and voluntary, and everyone has the right to choose their own profession. In addition, forced labor is prohibited in the Russian Federation.

Who is right in this situation: Natasha or her parents?

In connection with economic crisis and a sharp drop in sales, the store director issued a new corporate act "On the provision of holidays for store employees", according to which all regular paid holidays were canceled, and holidays could be provided at their own expense.

Can this normative act be recognized as legal?

A student of the law faculty of the Peoples' Friendship University, who arrived in Russia from Uganda, applied to a grocery store on the issue of hiring a loader. A preliminary agreement was reached. The next day, when the student came to work, he was told that the existing vacancy had already been filled by another person, Russian by nationality, also a student at one of Moscow universities.

A student from Uganda regarded this as discrimination. In his opinion, he was denied admission because of belonging to another race. Knowing Russian laws he went to court.

What decision should the court make? Why?

Nina Bolotova, not entering a medical institute after school, got a job there as a laboratory assistant at the department of anatomy. When applying for a job, she was told that the salary for this position is

3,000 rubles. However, the institute has very little money (even nothing to pay for electricity!), and therefore the administration can pay Nina only half, i.e. 1,500 rubles.

Is the administration's decision legal? Why?

The librarian of the factory library, Shumilova, was fired for a systematic violation of labor duties, which manifested itself in the fact that she behaved incorrectly in the team (she only spoke badly about everyone, gossip), and also treated readers rudely, which the library director repeatedly pointed out to her.

Is dismissal legal? Why?

Labor contract

an agreement between the employee and the employer, according to which the employer undertakes to provide work according to the stipulated labor function, to ensure working conditions, and the employee undertakes to personally perform the labor function determined by this agreement, to comply with the current labor regulations

Parties to the employment contract

employer

employee

Types of employment contracts Art. 58, 61

perpetual

(validity indefinite)

(concludes for a period

no more than 5 years)

If the employment contract does not specify the term of its validity, then the contract is concluded for an indefinite period.

The employment contract comes into force from the date of its signing

If the employment contract does not stipulate the day of commencement of work, then the employee must start work on the day after the entry into force of the contract

If the employee does not start work in set time without good reason within a week, then the employment contract is canceled

The employment contract specifies:

• Full name of the employee and name of the employer;
• place of work;
• date of commencement of work;
• the name of the position, specialty, profession;
• the rights and obligations of the employee;
• the rights and obligations of the employer;
• characteristics of working conditions;
• mode of work and rest;
• terms of remuneration;
• types and conditions of social insurance directly related to employment

Age from which it is allowed conclusion of an employment contract Art. 63

with written consent

one of the parents

getting a basic general

education or leaving school

in accordance with federal law

on one's own

Documents to be presented at the conclusion of an employment contract Art. 65

• passport or other identity document;
• employment history;
• insurance certificate of state pension insurance;
• the documents military registration(for those liable for military service);
• document on education, qualifications or special knowledge

When entering into an employment contract for the first time

work book and insurance certificate

state pension

insurance is issued

employer

• The employment contract is concluded in writing, in two copies, each of which is signed by the parties (Article 67);
• One copy of the contract is transferred to the employee, the other is kept by the employer (Article 67);
• Employment is formalized by an order issued on the basis of a concluded employment contract (Article 68);
• For persons under the age of 18, when hiring, a probationary period is not established (Article 70)

Grounds for termination of an employment contract

day of dismissal of the employee

is the last day of his work

expiration

employment contract

on the initiative

worker

agreement of the parties

on the initiative

employer

employee transfer

refusal of an employee to work due to

with change essential conditions

agreement Art. 73

circumstances,

independent of the parties

at the initiative of the employee

warn

in writing

in 2 weeks

by agreement of the parties

may be terminated

until the string expires

before the deadline

the worker can

withdraw your application

on the last day, the employer must give the employee

• work book
• make final settlement

Termination of the employment contract at the initiative of the employer

• liquidation of the organization;
• reduction in the number of employees of the organization;
• non-compliance of the employee with the position held;
• change of ownership of the property of the organization;
• repeated non-fulfillment by the employee without good reason of labor duties;
• absenteeism (absence without good reason for more than 4 hours in a row);
• appearing at work in a state of alcoholic, narcotic or other toxic intoxication

Termination of an employment contract according to circumstances, independent of the will of the parties

• conscription of an employee for military service;
• reinstatement at work of an employee who previously performed this work by a court decision;
• not being elected to office;
• condemnation of the employee to punishment, in accordance with the verdict of the court;
• recognition of the employee as completely disabled;
• worker death

The transport company with a request for employment was contacted by:

• Alexandrov - bus driver;
• Shmeleva - an accountant;
• Polyakova - the cook of the dining room;
• Reutova, who graduated from high school - as a secretary

What documents need to be submitted to these persons?

Working time –

the statutory period of time during which an employee must perform his job duties

abbreviated

working time

normal

working time

Types of working time

incomplete

working time

overtime

working time

Normal working hours

1. business day:

• 7 hours at 6 days working week
• 8 hours in a 5 day work week

2. working shift:

(the time that the employee must work according to the schedule during the day; it may be longer than the working day, but it is necessary that the norm established by law be observed within a month)

3. working week:

• should not exceed 40 hours

4. working month

5. working year

Reduced working hours

It is established for certain categories of workers:

1.minors:

• 16 to 18 years old - 6 hours a day (36 hours a week)
• from 15 to 16 years old, as well as students from 14 to 16 years old working during the holidays - 4 hours a day (24 hours a week)
• students working outside of school - half of the norms indicated by their age (i.e. 18 or 12 hours per week)

2. employed at work with harmful working conditions:

depending on the harmfulness - 36-hour or 24-hour working week

3.workers whose work is associated with increased mental, emotional and nervous tension:

36 hours a week

4. Workers - disabled people of groups I and II:

36 hours a week

part-time work

working time established by agreement of the parties, the duration of which is less than the normal time, with payment proportional to the time worked

The employer cannot refuse:

• pregnant women;
• women with children under the age of 14 or a disabled child under 18;
• carer of a sick family member

reduction of the working day

reduction in the number of workers

days a week

Overtime work

work performed by an employee at the initiative of the employer outside the established working hours, as well as work in excess of the normal number of working hours for the accounting period

Overtime work is not allowed:

• pregnant women;
• workers under the age of 18

must not exceed 4 hours on two consecutive days

must not exceed

120 hours per year

breaks in

during the working day

daily rest

Time relax

weekend

holidays

vacation

LABOR LEGISLATION AND MINORS

Applying for a job art.266

• all persons under the age of 21 are recruited only after mandatory preliminary medical examination ;
• workers under the age of 18 are subject to annual medical checkup

Prohibitions on the certain types works Art. 265, 268

• heavy work;
• harmful work;
• dangerous work;
• underground works;
• night work;
• overtime work;
• work that is harmful to moral development;
• work related to full financial responsibility;
• work performed with a long absence from the place of permanent residence

Weight carrying restrictions Art. 265

• the maximum allowable rate when lifting weights

10 kg

• adolescents under 18 years of age should not, under any circumstances, be accepted for work consisting solely in carrying heavy loads

labor standards for minors

Art. 92

a) for employees under the age of 16 - 24 hours a week

b) for employees aged 16 to 18 - 36 hours per week

Art. 94

The duration of daily work cannot exceed:

a) for employees aged 15 to 16 years - 5 hours, aged 16 to 18 years - 7 hours

b) for students of educational institutions, educational institutions of primary and secondary vocational education, combining study with work during the academic year, at the age of 14 to 16 years - 2.5 hours, at the age of 16 to 18 years - 3.5 hours

Leave granted to minors

Art. 122

• annual paid vacation
• employees under the age of 18 - the right to use the leave for the first year of work can be granted before the expiration of 6 months

Art. 267

• for employees under 18 years of age, annual paid leave is established for at least 31 calendar day and can be used at any time of the year convenient for them

Payment for labor of minors

The wages of persons under 18 years of age with reduced working hours are paid in full

Exception (Art. 271)

student labor general education schools, lyceums working in their free time are paid in proportion to the hours worked or depending on the rate of output

After leaving school, a tall and handsome guy Kostya Albashev went to work in a restaurant as an apprentice cook. After a two-week internship, the restaurant management noticed his ability to get along with people and good manners and, with his consent, transferred him to the position of a waiter.

Was the transfer legal? Why?

A trading tent not far from the house where teenagers, vocational school students Khalilov and Sharov, lived, specialized in the sale of vegetables and fruits. With the consent of the teenagers, they were brought in to unload the watermelons every time the regular workers couldn't cope on their own. The work of the guys was paid piecework. In addition, the teenagers were entrusted with the night protection of watermelons, which were located in a room attached to the tent. The district police officer reported to the labor inspectorate that teenagers are being used in jobs prohibited by law.

Can the labor inspectorate impose a fine on the owner of the stall and on what basis? basis?

Seventeen-year-old Katya Semenova after school got a job at the post office as a telegram delivery man. After working for 3 months, she applied for a vacation because her mother bought two tourist packages and she would like to go on vacation with her. The head of the post office refused her request, saying that the vacation still had to be earned.

Is denial legal? Why?

Petya Alekseev, a 10th grade student, decided to work during the summer school holidays. From June 1, he got a job in Kindergarten janitor. However, from July 1 to August 1, the children, along with the kindergarten workers, went on a summer vacation (to a country cottage). The head of the kindergarten, rightly believing that the kindergarten would need the services of a janitor outside the city, gave Petya the order to collect the necessary working tools and personal belongings by the appointed time. Petya Alekseev refused.

Is P. Alekseev legally refused to comply with the order of the head of the kindergarten? Why?

After leaving school, seventeen-year-old Valery Tarasov was looking for a job for a long time and was very happy when he was accepted to a gas station as a tanker for cars. But the joy was short-lived: the owner of the gas station was pointed out to the violation of labor laws.

Is the dismissal of V. Tarasov legal? If yes, what can be seen as a violation of labor laws?

UNEMPLOYMENT

… There is nothing more unbearable than idleness.

Ch.Darwin

Unemployed

• are able-bodied;
• have no income;
• registered with the Employment Service in order to find a suitable job;
• looking for a job;
• ready to start at any moment

It is the duty of the state to provide every person with employment, and if this is not possible, then to protect him from unemployment.

assistance to citizens

looking for a job

professional training

and retraining

payment of benefits for

unemployment

pensioners

persons under 16 years of age

persons who did not appear during

10 days from registration

to offer them a job

persons who refused within

10 days from the date of their registration

from two options

suitable job

Suitable Job

• must match the level vocational training citizen;
• must meet the conditions of the last place of work;
• health status should be taken into account;
• transport accessibility should be taken into account;
• earnings should not be lower than the average earnings at the last place of work, if it did not exceed the average earnings in the given area

Any job can be offered:

• first-time job seekers with no profession
• those who are very long (more than 18 months) registered for unemployment

Registration of the unemployed

The documents

registration is in progress

within 10 days from the moment of contacting the Employment Service at the place of residence

diploma of education

employment history

income statement

for the last three months

certificate of residence

(for the first time job seekers)

Training and retraining of the unemployed

The employment service can

send for retraining

The employment service can

send to training

for the period of training (retraining)

a scholarship is paid

The employment service pays

to the place of study and back

Employment Service (if necessary)

pays for living expenses

Unemployment benefit

the subsistence minimum in the subject of the federation

last 60% 45%

earnings last last

earnings earnings

minimum wage

3 months 4 months 4 months

unemployment benefit

paid before employment

but not more than 12 months

if this period has passed, and the work has not been found,

unemployment benefits are paid

at the minimum wage

minimum / P

subsistence level

per capita

in I quarter of 2011

in Primorsky Krai - 7363 rubles.

Seventeen-year-old Vadim Spiridonov, after graduating from school, unsuccessfully tried to find a job. He turned to the Employment Service with a request to find a place for him or register him as unemployed. There he was denied this, saying that according to the law (the Family Code of the Russian Federation), children under 18 years of age must be supported by their parents, and if they do not want this, then let them attach it themselves.

Who is right in this situation?

Masha Bezuglova, not having entered the institute after school and not wanting to sit on the neck of her parents, turned to the Employment Service of her city. At the reception, she told service workers that she was entering a law school and did not want to leave her dream of becoming a lawyer. Masha asked very much to find her an appropriate job in connection with this. However, she was offered a job as a nurse in a city hospital. Considering this work unsuitable for herself, Masha refused.

1. Deadline for registration of an employment contract by an individual/employer:

A. 7 days

B. 10 days from the conclusion

D. 1 month

2. When an employment contract is not required in writing:

A. if it is a special form of contract - a contract.

B. an employment contract with a minor employee.

B. organized recruitment of workers.

G. an employment contract with a young specialist.

3. Where is the employment contract, which is concluded with an individual enterprise, registered?

A. At the Department of Justice

B. In a pension fund

B. In the tax service

G. In the state employment fund.

4. Who develops and accepts collective agreement :

A. in a referendum.

B. at a session of the Federal Assembly.

V. at a meeting of the heads of an enterprise, firm, organization.

G. at a general conference labor collective.

5. The parties to the conclusion of a collective agreement are:

A. Employer (individual) and employee.

B. chairman trade union committee and workers.

B. the owner or a person authorized by him and the labor collective.

D. committee on labor disputes and employees.

6. The moment of commencement of the employment contract is considered:

A. 5 days after signing.

B. from the moment of conclusion.

V. after state registration.

G. from the moment of the proclamation of the employment contract.

7. Employment test does not apply to:

A. Persons of retirement age

B. Conscripted

B. Disabled people

D. Employees under 18 years of age.

8. The effect of the collective agreement of the enterprise extends to:

A. only for administration.

B. on all subjects (members) of the enterprise, except for the heads of this enterprise.

V. only for temporary workers.

D. For all members (subjects) of the enterprise.

9. It is not a guarantee of ensuring the rights of citizens to work:

A. equality of labor rights of citizens.

B. free choice of activity.

B. compensation for material expenses in connection with the direction to another locality.

D. race.

10. Types of employment contract by duration:

A. urgent, indefinite, for the duration of a certain work.

B. Urgent, indefinite.

B. Short-term, medium-term, for the duration of a certain work.

G. Short-term, seasonal, long-term.

11. Local sources of labor law are ...

A. Normative legal acts adopted by the government of the Russian Federation.

B. Normative-legal acts adopted by the federal assembly.

C. Legal acts adopted by meetings of collectives at the level of enterprises, institutions, organizations.

G. Normative - legal acts adopted by the President of the Russian Federation.

12. When applying for a job, a document is not required:

A. passport

B. birth certificate

B. work book

G. diploma

13. In case of property reorganization, the collective agreement continues to be valid during the period

A. the term for which it is concluded.

B. 10 days from the date of reorganization.

V. continues to operate for an unlimited period of time.

G. terminates immediately after the completion of the reorganization.

14. As a general rule, the period of probation for employment cannot exceed:

A. 20 days.

B. Two weeks.

B. Depending on the field of activity 1-3 months.

D. 3 months.

15. Probation for workers is:

A. 3 months.

B. 1 month

D. 6 months.

16. An unreasonable refusal to hire is prohibited in the following cases:

A. The person applying for the job has a previous conviction.

B. The person is registered in another region of the country.

B. No way.

D. Provided by law

17. An employment contract may be terminated on the initiative of:

A. Owner, employee, trade union.

B. Owner, employee, police officers.

B. Employee, members of his family.

G. Trade union body, head of personnel department

18. Transfer of an employee to another enterprise, or transfer to another position is possible when:

A. Consent of the employee.

B. Workflow Necessities.

B. Leadership requirement

G. Strictly by the decision of the labor collective.

19. The scope of contracts is determined by:

A. Parties to the employment contract

B. RF legislation

B. The Constitution of the Russian Federation.

G. Trade unions.

20. A person may independently conclude an employment contract at the age of:

A. from the age of 14

B. from the age of 20

V. from the age of 16

G. from 18 years old

21. Duration of the disciplinary sanction:

B. 6 months

D. 2 weeks

22. The day of the complete dismissal of an employee from work is considered:

A. Last day of work

B. Following the last day of work

B. Day of issue of the work book

D. The next day, after the day the work book was issued

23. Determine whether the employer is obliged, in the event of dismissal of an employee at the initiative of the employer, to issue a copy of the order to the employee:

A. Obliged under any circumstances

B. Not required.

B. Required if the employee requires

G. Required, only with the permission of the head of the personnel department

24. Truancy is considered:

A. Absence from the workplace for more than 3 hours

B. Absence from work for more than 3 hours

B. Absence from the workplace during the day

D. Absence from work for more than 2 days

25. With a 6-day working week, the duration of work cannot exceed:

A. 7 hours

B. 8 hours

At 6:00

D. 5 hours

26. The beginning and end of the working day is provided for:

A. In the Russian law on collective agreements

B. Internal labor regulations and shift schedules

B. In the company's charter

G. In the decree of the government of the Russian Federation

27. Night working hours are considered from:

A. from 20.00 to 8.00

B. from 18.00 to 6.00

V. from 22.00 to 6.00

G. from 23.00 to 7.00

28. For which employees the reduced working time is set and is 34 hours a week:

A. for students working in summer vacation at the age of 14-15

B. for pensioners

B. for the disabled

G. for employees aged 16-18

29. What document is the only evidence of the employee's labor activity.

A. Employment contract

B. Work book

B. Order of employment

D. All of the above options

30. The sources of labor law include:

A. Only regulatory legal acts that make up the system of labor legislation

B. Any normative legal acts that contain norms aimed at regulating labor relations.

B. All regulatory and legal acts that contain the norms of employee behavior

D. All legal acts that regulate wages.

31. In the subject of labor law, the central place is occupied by relations

A. between employees of the same organization

B. labor

B. in the field of labor organization

32. As a general rule, you can enter into an employment relationship as an employee with

A. sixteen years old

B. eighteen years old

B. fourteen years old

33. One of the basic concepts of labor law are:

A. labor relations, labor discipline

b. administrative responsibility, labor code of the Russian Federation

in. employment center, personnel department

33. Night time continues from:

22 hours to 6 hours;

23 hours to 6 hours;

00 hours to 7 hours.

34. Doing work as a punishment for participating in a strike is:

Forced labor;

Labor discrimination;

Way legal protection employer.

35. The subject of labor law are:

Labor and other directly related relations;

Independent entrepreneurial activity without hiring other workers;

Business cooperation between organizations.

36. Labor law regulates public relations by:

Liability of employers and employees in the field of labor;

Off-duty time of employees;

Voluntary insurance of employees against industrial accidents;

37. Subjects of labor law are not:

Citizens who carry out independent activity on the Internet (freelance), without official registration;

Labor arbitrations;

trade union organizations.

Test number 38. The principle of labor law is:

Assistance to citizens in employment;

Compensation for harm that was caused to an employee at work, at the sole discretion of the employer;

Prevention of strikes.

39. Method legal regulation in labor law is:

A set of means and methods of influencing the subject of labor law, that is, labor and directly related legal relations;

The totality of those areas in which labor law operates;

The main beginning, the idea on which the ordering of labor relations is based.

40. The labor law method is characterized by:

An integrated approach and close connection with the subject of labor law;

In a uniform way of establishing the rights and obligations of the parties, which are prescribed exclusively by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation;

The presence of only imperative ways of regulating labor relations.

41. What is the minimum duration lunch break according to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation?

30 minutes;

60 minutes;

20 minutes.

42. How many days can an employee receive as additional paid leave for irregular working hours?

At least three;

At least five;

At least seven.

43. What is included in the length of service that allows an employee to take annual basic paid leave?

The period of forced time off in case of illegal dismissal;

The period when the employee was absent from the workplace without good reason;

The time of leave to care for a child who has not reached the age established by law.

44. What is the maximum share of non-monetary wages?

20% of accrued wages;

10% of the salary for the position;

30% of the average salary accrued to the employee for a certain period.

45. Test. What is not included in the payslip?

The amount of payments already made for previous periods of work;

The amount of deductions made from wages for the current period of work;

Components of wages.

46. ​​What is the minimum part of the salary that must remain with the employee after all deductions, including deductions on writ of execution and recovery of alimony for minor children?

47. Does a civil servant have the right to suspend work if his wages are delayed for more than 15 days?

No, it doesn't;

Yes, it does, if it notifies management in writing;

Yes, it does anyway.

48. How are the first two hours of overtime paid?

Not less than one and a half size;

Not less than double;

Just like regular time.

49. What will be recognized as a business trip in this case?

Interrogation by an investigator of a witness in a criminal case in another region;

The next flight on which the flight attendant is sent;

Transportation of goods by a trucker.

labor law- a branch of Russian law that regulates the labor relations of employees with an employer that have arisen on the basis of an employment contract, as well as other relations closely related to them in the field of employment of employees.

The sources of labor law are:

1) the Constitution of the Russian Federation, which establishes the basic labor rights of citizens and guarantees for their implementation;

2) federal laws, the most important of which is the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, adopted in 2001;

3) laws of subjects of the Russian Federation;

4) by-laws (decrees of the President of the Russian Federation, resolutions of the Government, instructions and explanations of the Ministry of Labor and social development and etc.);

5) contractual acts (general, regional, intersectoral, sectoral, tariff, territorial agreements concluded by representatives of employees and employers with the participation (in some cases) of the competent state bodies).

Collective agreements play an important role in regulating labor relations at specific enterprises. Collective agreement- this is a legal act regulating social and labor relations in an organization and concluded by employees and the employer represented by their representatives. Collective agreements are among the local normative legal acts. The parties to the collective agreement are the employees of the organization represented by their representatives (as a rule, an elected trade union body) and the employer (the head of the organization or another authorized person acts on his behalf). The collective agreement may contain mutual obligations of the parties on a number of issues (for example, determining the form, system, wages, working hours and rest periods, etc.). The collective agreement may establish more preferential labor and social conditions for employees compared to labor law(for example, additional holidays, reimbursement of transportation costs, etc.);

Collective agreements are concluded for a period not exceeding 3 years. The action of the collective agreement applies to all employees of this organization and is preserved in the event of termination of the employment contract with the head of the organization. When changing the form of ownership of the organization, the collective agreement remains valid for 3 months from the date of transfer of ownership.

One of the types of social legal relations in the sphere of labor is labor relations. They develop in the labor market between the employee and the employer. The employee included in the labor collective of the organization undertakes to perform a certain kind of work with subordination to the established internal work schedule and the employer provides him with work in accordance with the specialty, qualification, position of the employee, pays for his work and creates favorable conditions for health. Thus, the subjects of labor relations are employees ( individuals those wishing to exercise their labor rights and go to work) and employers (organizations and individual entrepreneurs).

The basis of the emergence and existence in time employment relationship is an employment contract.

Labor contract- this is an agreement between the employer and the employee, according to which the employer undertakes to provide the employee with work according to the stipulated labor function, to ensure the working conditions provided for by laws and other regulatory legal acts on labor, in a timely manner and within full size pay the employee a salary, and the employee undertakes to personally perform the labor function determined by this agreement, to comply with the internal labor regulations in force in the organization.

The content of the employment contract includes two groups of conditions on which an agreement has been reached between the parties. The first group includes the essential conditions that are necessarily contained in any employment contract. These include: determining the place and date of commencement of work, the rights and obligations of the employee and the employer, the name of the position, specialty, profession, indicating the qualifications or specific labor function of the employee, characteristics of working conditions, work and rest conditions, wage conditions, types and conditions of social insurance. Optional terms of an employment contract may include provisions on a probationary period when hiring, on non-disclosure of legally protected secrets, etc.

Employment contracts can be concluded

a) for an indefinite period (termless contracts);

b) for a fixed period of not more than 5 years (term contracts).

When hiring, the employer has the right to demand from the employee:

Identification document (passport);

work book;

Insurance certificate of state pension insurance;

Military registration documents (for those liable for military service);

Diploma or certificate of appropriate education (if the work requires special knowledge).

The employment contract is concluded in writing (two copies) and signed by the parties. Employment is formalized by order, which, however, cannot replace the contract. The conclusion and written execution of an employment contract may not coincide in time. An employment contract is considered concluded from the moment of actual commencement of work. In some cases, when applying for a job, it is mandatory medical checkup employee (at enterprises with harmful or difficult working conditions, in organizations Catering and etc.).

If an employer has doubts about business qualities of the hired employee, by mutual agreement of the parties, a probationary period (no more than 3 months) may be established. If the result of the test is unsatisfactory, the employer may dismiss the employee without the consent of trade union body and no severance pay. A probationary period cannot be set:

For persons applying for work on a competition to fill the relevant position;

For pregnant women;

For persons under the age of 18;

For people who have graduated educational institutions primary, secondary and higher vocational education and for the first time coming to work in the received specialty;

For persons invited to work in the order of transfer from another employer as agreed between employers;

For persons elected to elective office. Grounds for terminating an employment contract

(contract) are:

1) agreement of the parties;

2) expiration of the employment contract;

3) termination of the employment contract at the initiative of the employee;

4) termination of the employment contract at the initiative of the employer;

5) transfer of an employee at his request or with his consent to work for another employer or transfer to an elective position;

6) the employee's refusal to continue work in connection with a change in the owner of the organization's property, a change in the organization's jurisdiction or its reorganization;

7) refusal of the employee to continue work in connection with a change in the essential terms of the employment contract;

8) the employee's refusal to be transferred to another job due to the state of health in accordance with a medical report;

9) refusal of the employee to transfer in connection with the relocation of the employer to another locality;

10) circumstances beyond the control of the parties (conscription of an employee for military service, conviction of an employee to a punishment that precludes the continuation of the previous work, in accordance with a court verdict, etc.)

11) violation of the rules for concluding an employment contract established by law, if this violation excludes the possibility of continuing work.

The employee has the right to terminate the employment contract by notifying the employer in writing 2 weeks in advance.

The Labor Code regulates in detail the termination of an employment contract at the initiative of the employer. This is possible in the following cases:

1) liquidation of the organization or termination of the activity of the employer - an individual

2) reduction in the number or staff of employees of the organization;

3) non-compliance of the employee with the position held or the work performed due to insufficient qualifications or health status;

4) change of the owner of the property of the organization (in relation to the head of the organization, his deputies and the chief accountant);

5) repeated non-performance by an employee without good reason of labor duties, if he has a disciplinary sanction;

6) a single gross violation of labor duties by an employee (absenteeism, absence from the workplace without good reason for more than 4 hours in a row during the working day), appearing at work in a state of intoxication, disclosure of a legally protected secret that became known to the employee in connection with the performance of his labor duties committing theft at the place of work, established by a court verdict that has entered into force, violation by the employee of labor protection requirements, which entailed grave consequences);

7) the commission of guilty actions by an employee directly serving monetary or other valuables, if these actions give grounds for the loss of confidence in him on the part of the employer);

8) committing an immoral offense by an employee performing educational functions;

9) adoption of an unreasonable decision by the leaders of the organization, which caused damage to the organization;

10) a single gross violation by the head of the organization, his deputies of their labor duties;

11) submission by the employee to the employer of sub-south documents or knowingly false information when concluding an employment contract, etc.

Termination of an employment contract at the initiative of the employer with pregnant women is not allowed (except in cases of liquidation of the organization). The employer's opportunities are limited when dismissing women with children under 3 years old, and single mothers raising a child under the age of 14 years. When terminating an employment contract with a minor employee (except in the event of liquidation of the organization), the consent of the relevant state labor inspectorate and the commission for minors and the protection of their rights is required. It is impossible to dismiss an employee during the period of his temporary incapacity for work and while on vacation.

The dismissal of an employee is carried out by issuing an order, which must indicate the grounds for terminating the employment contract. On the day of dismissal, the administration is obliged to make a full settlement with the employee and issue him a work book.