The number of start-up businessmen is steadily increasing every year. An increase in their number has a positive effect on economic indicators country as a whole and satisfies the ever-growing needs of the population.

State financial support contributes to the emergence of new small and medium-sized businesses. The authorities of a particular region are trying to introduce methods of assistance: various benefits, subsidies, and material payments. How to get such support? Let's figure it out.

Which entrepreneurs can count on help from the state?

The state mainly provides financial support to owners of small and medium-sized businesses. To find out if your company belongs to this category, you should pay attention to the number of employees and the amount of annual turnover. The following formats of enterprises can count on money from the state:

• start-up business(up to 15 people on staff with annual turnover up to 120 million rubles);
• small business(up to 100 people in the state with an annual turnover of up to 800 million rubles);
• medium business(up to 250 people in the state with an annual turnover of up to 2 billion rubles).

To qualify for assistance, companies must meet the following requirements:

• duration of existence from the moment of opening - no more than 2 years;
• the company is registered with the tax service;
• SME is not a tax debtor.

Important: the chances of financing are much higher for businessmen who have social benefits, as well as own a social or export-oriented business.

Remember that the state provides support to entrepreneurs whose field of activity is among the priorities. To apply for gratuitous assistance, a businessman must work in one of the following areas:

• Manufacture of consumer goods.
• Popular directions of folk art.
• Offers of rural and ecological tourism.
• Housing and communal services.
• Agro-industrial department.
• The sphere of science and technology, as well as innovation.

How to get government assistance for small business development in 2019?

The main advantage of receiving such a subsidy is that it is free of charge and does not need to be returned after a certain time. The state benefits from this, as a new small enterprise appears on the economic map, providing jobs to citizens, and competition with existing companies increases, which contributes to quality improvement and price stabilization.

But along with the conclusion of a subsidy agreement, the entrepreneur agrees to fulfill certain obligations. The main one is to provide detailed reporting.

Within 3 months from the moment of receiving funds from the state, the businessman is obliged to submit a report with documents on the use of the subsidy to the Employment Center. As confirmation, commodity or fiscal checks, receipts, paid payment orders and other documents can be provided. The financial report must be consistent with the paragraph of the business plan, which indicates the purpose of obtaining capital.

Important: if the business person cannot provide confirmation, he is obliged to return the subsidiary funds to the state in full.

Also, the terms of the drawn up agreement suggest that the activity of the financed small enterprise should last at least one year from the date of opening. This excludes the possibility of cooperation with one-day firms.

Help can be obtained from many instances and organizations that have the necessary powers. Here is some of them:

• City administration. Department economic development provides information about types financial support small business.
• Chamber of Commerce and Industry. This institution provides assistance in consulting on business, marketing, legal law, it helps to take part in exhibitions.
• Entrepreneurship Support Fund. Based on the results of the mandatory assessment of the submitted project, the organization allocates finance for the activities of a small enterprise.
• Business incubator. This organization is engaged in infrastructural support of the ideas of entrepreneurs at all stages of development, starting from the moment of opening.
• Venture fund. Focuses mainly on innovative projects, then invests money in their activities.
• Employment center.

Interesting: if your business project is socially or economically beneficial for the state, you can receive not only money for its implementation, but also free education, the right to take part in exhibitions, etc.

After contacting the above authorities, you will receive a list required documents. Here are the papers included in this list:

1. Passport and TIN of the entrepreneur.
2. Insurance certificate (SNILS).
3. A certificate from the accounting department of the last place of official employment, which indicates salary information for three months before the completion of work.
4. Education document.
5. Application of a program participant for receiving financial support from the state (according to a specially approved form).
6. Ready business plan.

Money from the Job Center

The most common way for entrepreneurs to get help is to apply to the Employment Center. How is this procedure carried out?

The first step is to register with the Employment Center and obtain the status of unemployed. This is a prerequisite, since the state allocation of funds is due only to those entrepreneurs who are registered as unemployed citizens. To do this, you need to have the following documents with you:

• passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
• work book;
• marital status document;
• education document.

Then you need to write a business plan With detailed description project, targeted distribution of funds and an indication of its payback period. The third step is to register a business as an individual entrepreneur.

The package of documents is considered by the regional commission within 60 days. If a positive decision is made between the applicant and the Employment Center, an agreement will be concluded, and the funds will be transferred to the recipient's account. The commission may decide to reimburse only certain costs, such as the registration and opening of a small business. If the applicant receives a rejection notice, they may try again.

Grants for new businessmen

This type of allocation of funds from the state involves helping start-up businessmen to open a business and those who have been engaged in entrepreneurial activity for no more than two years. The following organizations have the authority to distribute grants:

• Department of Economic Development.
• Funds for supporting small and medium-sized businesses.
• Unions created by entrepreneurs.

A prerequisite for obtaining a grant is the activity of a small enterprise in one of the priority sectors indicated above.

According to state law, companies that produce wine and vodka products do not receive payments, tobacco products, luxury goods, work with real estate or engage in gaming activities.

Remember that the allocated money is directed to cover 30 to 50% of the total cost of the project. The businessman should look for the remaining finances for the development of the business on his own. Don't be afraid to invest, it can be.

The entrepreneur must provide the following documents:

• Documents confirming the absence of other sources of financial support.
• Certificate of registration of an individual entrepreneur or LLC and a business plan.
• An extract from the bank on the amount of own finances.
• Certificate of positive credit history.

Then the Sectoral Commission decides on the provision of funds. The maximum amount of a cash grant is 500 thousand rubles (in Moscow and the region - up to 5 million rubles).

The state prioritizes the unemployed, young entrepreneurs, former military personnel, families with young children, etc.

Subsidy program

State plans for subsidizing small enterprises are implemented at different administrative levels. Therefore, they can be systematized according to the scale and amount of allocated funds:

1. Federal programs. They are implemented nationwide, they are also characterized large quantity allocated money to financially support the discovery and development SMEs. A distinctive feature is the fact that such programs work mainly with large-scale business projects, whose owners are already engaged in commercial activities.
2. Regional programs. They work in the territories of administrative regions and dispose of the regional or district budget. The purpose of such programs is to develop the infrastructure of the whole region.
3. Local programs. The scale of implementation is work with city or district entrepreneurs. Subsidies are limited to small amounts of funding.

The amount of assistance received, the form of its provision, as well as the list of necessary documents for processing an application depend on the features of the state program. The larger the scale of the program, the higher the competition and the more stringent selection rules. The small business owner should take this into account.

Concessional lending

Categories of small and medium-sized commercial entrepreneurs who are unable to receive material support from the state can apply for concessional loans. Many banks provide such loans on simplified terms. As mentioned, the probability of opening a loan with a favorable interest rate is higher for those who are engaged in priority activities for the state.

Advice: for all your questions regarding assistance, you can contact banking institutions or credit communities directly, as they also have lending programs for business start-ups.

The applicant receives a loan as a one-time cash payment in the amount of 50 million to 1 billion rubles. After the conclusion of the contract, the preferential program is valid for 3 years. A prerequisite is also investments and investments in the project of the businessman's own funds. Their number is determined as follows:

• 20% if the loan amount is more than 500 million rubles or if the repayment of the loan is planned from the future income expected after the start of the business project.
• There are no restrictions if funds are allocated for other investment plans.

The interest rate for use varies depending on the format of the enterprise. This is 10% per annum for medium-sized enterprises and 11-11.8% for small ones.

What can government money be used for?

As mentioned above, the granting process is a donation of funds that promote the opening and favorable development of a business. Concessional lending and other assistance programs also have simplified terms and reduced interest rates. At the same time, the use of financial support from the state is accompanied by documentary reports to confirm the intended purpose. The allocated money can be spent on the following:

• Payment for the lease of a place or plot of land (no more than 20% of the principal amount is allocated to cover these costs).
• Replenishment of working capital.
• Workplace equipment.
• Acquisition of equipment for production (purchased machines cannot be sold or exchanged for three years).
• Purchase of consumables (the same rules apply - no more than 20% of the funds received).
• Renovation and refurbishment work.
• Intangible assets.

The entrepreneur draws up an annual report, which indicates exactly what the received subsidiary income was spent on. Also, certificates and receipts must be submitted to the control authorities.

Intangible Small Business Support Options

In our time, the state is ready to help novice businessmen of small and medium-sized enterprises not only by increasing capital. There are several other forms of support:

1. Free education opportunity. Why in the first years of activity, many entrepreneurs, faced with problems, leave the business? They simply do not have the necessary knowledge about the conduct of their business. Such educational skills (such as how to lead) help in development, but are expensive, so not everyone can get them. The state provides start-up businessmen with the opportunity to study courses for free, as well as attend various seminars and lectures. The applicant is obliged to submit relevant documents to the necessary authorities: paid bills, certificates of training or concluded contracts. The payment will cover half of the expenses, but not more than 40 thousand rubles a year.
2. Rent reduction. Another support option is discounts on the cost of renting premises where offices or production are directly located. Remember that you can get such a discount only if the building is municipal property and the lease agreement is concluded for a period of more than 5 years. Every year, the preferential rate increases (from 40 to 80% of the rent), and for the next period, the entrepreneur pays the full rate. A prerequisite is a competitive selection to determine a worthy candidate. The winner is allocated additional assistance to pay for communications.
3. Compensation for participation in exhibitions. To promote and further develop, small business owners can take advantage of subsidies to participate in national or international exhibitions. Based on the results of the selection, the state can help pay for the costs of registration, rental of a place, transportation of exhibits, accommodation, organization and translation services. If the state aid amount does not exceed 150 thousand per year, you can pay up to half of the costs. Mandatory conditions to receive compensation for small businesses: an application, an agreement with the organizers and a report on the work performed.

Summing up

The advantage of financial support programs is the ability to increase the capital of small companies. Since the state is interested in the development of small enterprises, the likelihood of receiving financial assistance is constantly growing. This is a good chance to start.

On the other hand, the conclusion of an agreement with the relevant state bodies obliges entrepreneurs to submit detailed reports and monitor the intended use of funds. Therefore, every businessman should study the features of existing support programs and the requirements for them. Then he will be able to use the assistance as efficiently as possible and fulfill his obligations.

Despite all the difficulties and bureaucratic obstacles, more and more Russians are striving to become independent and open their own own enterprise. We have long been taught to perceive the state not as an assistant, but as an insurmountable barrier to profit. What are the chances that money for business from the state in 2018 will still be in your budget?

What help can you expect

The time when small businesses were left to their own devices is long gone. Today, the development of this area is a priority in domestic politics states.
According to new changes in legislation, individual entrepreneurs can count on the following benefits:

• cash subsidies;
• covering the costs of training (often, however, only partial);
• internships;
• leasing on preferential terms;
• free or preferential outsourcing service;
• grants;
• discounts for participation in exhibitions, fairs;
• partial compensation of interest on loans;
• provision of guarantees and guarantees by state funds, which simplifies access to borrowed resources.

It is also worth noting that not only government funds are involved in supporting small businesses. Those who provide assistance to newcomers include investment funds, public organizations, business schools, government agencies. They are the connecting link between the state and entrepreneurs.

Subsidies for start-up entrepreneurs

The business support decree applies to everyone who has a USRIP record sheet. These individuals may apply for cash grants.

The main condition is that the registered enterprise should not be more than two years old. It is such a business that is considered as a start-up and can enjoy the privileges of the entrepreneurship support program.

The amount of assistance is set depending on the region in which your company is registered. The maximum assistance that can be received in the capital is 500,000 rubles. In the regions, no more than 300 thousand are allocated. However, it is worth considering that due to the crisis in the country, money to support small businesses is transferred from the state budget quite slowly, so not all funds accept applications for subsidies.

It should also be understood that the individual entrepreneur receives the allocated money for business development from the state on the terms of co-investment. It is impossible to organize your enterprise only with state money; you will also need to make personal savings.

In addition, the subsidy can only be used for strictly regulated purposes:

• payment for the rent of the premises;
• equipping the workplaces of employees;
• purchase of materials and raw materials for production (only 1/5 of the assistance received can be used).

You will need to report on how much and where you spent the money fund. For verification, the regulatory authority will require receipts, certificates, contracts. In addition, you must first familiarize yourself with the financing conditions in your region in order not to violate the requirements of local laws.

Support for the unemployed

Support for business by the state can be implemented in another way - through the employment center. To receive assistance, you must first register with the local employment center as unemployed. Then it is reasonable to refuse all the proposed vacancies, draw up a business plan for future activities and submit it for consideration along with other necessary documents.

If everything is done correctly, you will be allocated funds to bring the project to life. The amount of assistance, of course, is not too large - 58,800 rubles. But if you have a viable idea and a strong desire to implement it, this should be enough to start.

An important condition for obtaining this type of assistance is constant (quarterly) reporting on the expenditure of funds to the employment center. If it turns out that the money for business from the state was directed not for the purposes provided for by the business plan, the entrepreneur will be obliged to return the subsidy. He will be blacklisted and will no longer receive government assistance in the future.

Other help options

There are a number of other options for state support.

Free education

The most common cause of collapse entrepreneurial activity is the absence necessary knowledge about doing business. They, in turn, are difficult to acquire due to the high cost of the corresponding educational services. As a grant, the state provides aspiring entrepreneurs with the opportunity to attend various courses, seminars and lectures free of charge.

Rental discounts

State support can also be expressed in the form of discounts on rent for premises for office or production. True, such assistance is possible only if the building or premises being rented is on the balance sheet of the state fund. If you want to get it, be prepared to participate in the competition for the title of the most deserving tenant. If you win, you will be additionally allocated a subsidy for connecting all the necessary communications.

Help for small businesses: organizational system support + 4 detailed options.

A small business that gives its owner financial independence is the dream of everyone who does not want to work for his uncle.

Unfortunately, not everyone can boast of having a decent amount on their account to start a planned project.

Of course, there is always a way. In this case, there are several of them - to be patient and earn capital, to take a loan or loan from relatives / friends / acquaintances,.

But there is also an option like small business assistance which is of several types.

So, today we will talk about how our state supports the development of beginners and experienced entrepreneurs.

State assistance to small businesses: an organizational system for supporting entrepreneurs

The main regulatory act, which must be relied upon in matters of our article, is The federal law No. 209 "On the development of small and medium-sized businesses in Russian Federation».

Its full text can be found by clicking on the link: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_52144

Also, each region has its own body, which is responsible for the implementation of measures to help entrepreneurs.

A complete list of them is available on the official website of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation in the "Small Business" section: http://economy.gov.ru/minec/activity/sections/smallBusiness

Why is it important to support entrepreneurs?

So, in Russia, only thanks to small and medium-sized businesses, more than 16 million citizens are provided with jobs (and this is a quarter of the entire employed population).

In addition, 20% of GDP is accounted for by SMEs, although in the world this figure is close to 35%, so we have room to strive.

The role of SMEs in the economy of the whole country is very significant. Briefly describe its importance:

• creation of new jobs;
• formation of healthy competition in the market and adequate pricing for goods and services;
• revenues to the budgets of all levels;
• filling those niches where it cannot fit big business(providing household services population, small wholesale, marketing).

But owners of small and medium-sized businesses have to constantly face problems and difficulties:

• economic instability in the country;
• flaw financial resources both for opening and for developing a business;
• a large tax burden and the complexity of compiling financial statements;
• constant changes in legislation;
• lack of personnel (qualified specialists prefer to work for the “sharks” of business, ignoring entrepreneurs);
• difficulty in obtaining loans (not every bank wants to deal with a small business).

Agree, not every experienced businessman will be able to withstand the difficulties described above, what can we say about beginners.

That is why the state should provide assistance to entrepreneurs.

In 2016, more than 11 billion rubles were allocated from the Russian budget to support SMEs.

But, unfortunately, the amount of assistance to small businesses from the state tends to decrease.

So, in 2014, about 20 billion rubles were allocated to support SMEs, and already in 2015 - 17 billion. In 2016, it was planned to provide financial assistance in the amount of almost 15 billion from the federal budget, but in fact it turned out to be 11 billion.

In 2017, this downward trend financial assistance is saved. The state is ready to provide only 7.5 billion rubles.

Therefore, those who rely on it will have to make a lot of efforts to get it.

The structure of spending on helping small businesses in 2017 looks like this:

We have figured out the facts and figures, but what is the assistance to small businesses from the state?

So, there are such forms of support for SMEs:

• financial - providing financial resources for the opening and development of small businesses (compensations, subsidies, grants, soft loans);
• property - provision to entrepreneurs state property on the rights of use (land plots, industrial premises);
• information and consulting- formation information systems, as well as free consultations about doing business (trainings, seminars, courses);
• infrastructural- formation of comfortable conditions for doing business, as well as the creation of business incubators, multi-purpose funds, centers of entrepreneurs;
• organizational- assistance in participation in exhibition events and fairs.

Help for small businesses: who can count?

The priority areas that the state is ready to help are:

• area of ​​food and industrial production;
• innovation;
• provision of household and communal services;
• healthcare;
• tourism, in particular ecotourism;
• folk craft and creativity.

Assistance to small and medium businesses: 4 types

In general, there are 4 types of material assistance to small and medium-sized businesses from the state. Let's consider each of them.

1. Money from the employment center (self-employment grant).

In order to combat unemployment and informal employment, the state is ready to provide one-time financial assistance to start a small business.

The amount of assistance in 2017 is 58.8 thousand rubles.

If your business can provide work for one or more citizens, then the self-employment grant can be increased by 58.8 thousand rubles. for each hired employee.

The action of this program applies exclusively to the opening of individual entrepreneurship and cannot be applied to:

• minors (under 16) and pensioners;
• full-time students;
• operating individual entrepreneurs or founders of LLC;
• citizens with disabilities belonging to the non-working group;
• young mothers on maternity leave;
• those who work under an employment contract;
• those who refused the work offered at the employment center.

In addition to the documents that must be submitted in order to register with the employment center, in order to receive government assistance for small businesses, you will need:

• statement;
• a copy of the bank account;
• project.

If you are unemployed and would like to start-up capital To start your business, you will need to follow these steps:

So, your application is approved, after that they will conclude an agreement with you that you received money to open a business. The funds received should be spent only for the intended purpose and you need to move strictly according to plan.

You need to appear within the time limits set by the employment center to provide reports on the funds spent.

In case of violation of the terms of the contract (misuse, termination of business ahead of time) you will need help received.

2. Grants for start-up entrepreneurs.

This option of helping small businesses from the state is suitable for those who have some money for its opening and development.

That is, the funds are ready to compensate for part of the costs of opening a business in the amount of up to 500 thousand rubles.

The grant scheme is as follows:

Drawing up a strategy.

This includes drawing up a detailed business plan that will address production, organizational, financial, and marketing issues.

The study of public funds.

On the website of the ministry, you can find bodies and funds that are ready to support.

Familiarize yourself with the directions and requirements for candidates for which organizations work.

Preparation of documents and drawing up an application.

This stage must be approached with all responsibility, because in the absence of even one document or with an incorrectly completed application, the commission may reject your candidacy.

Sending an application and waiting for the decision of the commission.

The commission is a certain point system, which evaluates submitted projects.

The one who picks the largest number points and become a grant recipient.

The funds received can be spent on the purchase of equipment, equipment, raw materials, rent coverage, but not for paying salaries to employees. In any case, the use of money should be targeted.

Unfortunately, not everyone can receive such a grant for opening a small and medium-sized business.

The state for the rational distribution of monetary resources may determine different requirements to candidates:

• entrepreneurial age no more than 2 years;
• passage basic courses on entrepreneurial activity;
• business should not be related to gaming, banking, insurance activities, as well as the provision of intermediary services and the resale of goods;
• no debt to the state;
• employment of a certain number of people.

• dismissed from the previous place of work;
• university graduates;
• single mother;
• retired military;
• invalids.

Ideas that the commission will consider for issuing grants:

• innovation;
• socially significant industries;
• Agriculture;
• export-oriented production;
• education;
• tourism;
• advertising, marketing.

3. Credit on preferential terms.

Getting a loan from a bank is a rather complicated and painstaking work, which does not always end in success.

Therefore, why not try your luck and ask for a loan from the state, but on favorable terms?

The essence of obtaining a preferential loan is as follows:

1. Guaranteed lending support is provided by the Federal Corporation for the Development of Small and Medium Enterprises.
2. As of now, preferential rates for lending to small businesses are 11%, for medium-sized businesses - 10% (for comparison: take a loan for normal conditions can be at 24-25% per annum).
3. The maximum loan amount is 1 billion rubles, and the term is 3 years.
4. Loans are issued to those entrepreneurs whose successful activity lasts about six months.
5. Loans are not given to those who are on the verge of bankruptcy, who have outstanding debts and questionable credit history.

A loan on favorable terms can be issued for the following purposes:

• increase in working capital;
• purchase of real estate and transport for doing business;
• participation in government contracts.

4. Subsidizing small and medium businesses.

Assistance to small businesses from the state in the form of subsidies is carried out on the basis of Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1605: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_173683

For those who do not know: subsidies are the receipt of a certain amount of funds for specific purposes.

As a rule, money is issued on a gratuitous and irrevocable basis. Unlike a grant, the amounts of which are received in tranches, the subsidy is received in one amount at once.

To help small and medium-sized businesses, the following types of subsidies are issued in the following amounts:

The amount of subsidies may differ in different regions, but the scheme for issuing them is approximately the same:

1. Compliance check:
   • the period of activity of the enterprise is not more than 2 years;
   • lack of debt;
   • the candidate himself is able to cover the costs of the project in the amount of 50% of the total amount.
2. Filing an application
3. Application acceptance
4. Competitive selection
5. Receiving a subsidy, providing reports on the targeted use of assistance to small businesses.

The new state program provides an opportunity for beginners

entrepreneurs to start their own business.

How to get this help is explained in detail in the video:

Small Business Assistance Program

In 2017, the following programs of assistance to small businesses from the state will operate:

• "Cooperation" - you can get up to 20 million rubles. for business development, namely: improving the quality of the goods produced or the service provided;
• "Development" - the maximum amount of assistance to small businesses can be 15 million rubles, which must be spent on improving production and creating new jobs;
• "Start" - carried out in 3 stages: 1 million rubles, 2 million rubles. and 3 million rubles. This small business assistance program is focused on creating new products and technologies.

The proposed list does not end there, as there are many other programs, as well as funds that provide support to entrepreneurs.

The state is trying in every possible way to stimulate the entrepreneurial activity of citizens. Small business, which includes the vast majority of individual entrepreneurs, requires the tireless care of the state. It's no secret that entrepreneurs occupy a significant sector of the economy, provide employment for many thousands of employees, and contribute to the country's budget with their taxes. The government is interested in having as many entrepreneurs as possible, and in difficult times, as few small businesses as possible stop their business.

In this article, we will consider what kind of assistance is provided. individual entrepreneurs from the state.

What types of assistance are there for individual entrepreneurs?

As already mentioned, the more citizens of the country are engaged in individual entrepreneurial activity, the better. At the same time, it is required that the entrepreneur, who has embarked on this path, gets stronger, “stands on his feet” and creates a full-fledged business. Accordingly, it will be great if, over time, his enterprise grows to a significant size, and the entrepreneur can provide employment to as many people as possible. And perhaps, someday, he will grow up to a national champion. Good, foreign practice knows such cases.

But even if the entrepreneur provides employment only for himself, remains a self-employed person, then this will also benefit the state. This citizen will not qualify for unemployment benefits, and perhaps even with a small contribution, will replenish the country's budget by paying taxes.

Not all beginners and existing entrepreneurs know that there are many programs in the country aimed at supporting small businesses. Relations related to the support of the entrepreneurs themselves and the infrastructure created to support small and medium-sized businesses are regulated by the law “On the development of small and medium-sized businesses in the Russian Federation”. This law establishes the basic principles for providing assistance to entrepreneurs, defines support mechanisms and sources of its financing. The law also establishes the following types help that an entrepreneur can count on:

• information,
• consulting
• property,
• financial.

The law also defines the sources of financing assistance and the executors of measures aimed at helping small and medium-sized businesses. Let us consider the assistance provided to entrepreneurs, in the context of the types of this assistance, in more detail.

Information assistance to individual entrepreneurs

The phrase "who owns the information, owns the world" is quite old, but, nevertheless, has not lost its relevance. And although this is not about owning the world, but only about information that allows you to correctly create your business and bring it to success, in this case it is just as relevant.

An entrepreneur, at all stages of his activity, is faced with a lack of information. Whether it's at the stage of creating your own business, or in the process of doing business. Someone seeks the help of qualified specialists - consultants, someone receives additional education. But we now live in the world information technologies and state information support for entrepreneurship is primarily aimed at ensuring the availability of the knowledge necessary for entrepreneurs via the Internet. This is realized through the creation of specialized Internet resources, as well as the adaptation of existing sites of authorities state power and public services for the needs of entrepreneurs.

As a specialized resource aimed at providing information support to entrepreneurs, one can note the Federal Portal of Small and Medium Enterprises (smb.gov.ru). And among well-adapted sites public services- this is the official website of the Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation (nalog.ru).

Consulting assistance to individual entrepreneurs

Not in all cases independent search the necessary information can help in solving the problems that are encountered on the way of entrepreneurs. There are non-standard situations in which the entrepreneur will not be able to figure it out and find a way out on his own. At such moments, information support is indispensable.

When an entrepreneur is faced with a difficult situation, the way out of which cannot be found on the Internet, he needs the help of a qualified specialist - advice. The law provides for two ways of providing consulting assistance to entrepreneurs.

In the first case, it provides for the creation of an infrastructure (network) consisting of individual units (organizations) that provide support to small businesses. These may be, for example, departments of administrations of municipalities, one of whose functions is to provide advice to entrepreneurs. Or so-called legal clinics, with educational institutions in which lawyers are trained, who, in turn, in the course of an internship, delve into the problems of specific entrepreneurs and help solve them. On the other hand, it is possible for an entrepreneur to attract paid specialists, the costs of whose services in the future are reimbursed from the budget.

Property assistance to individual entrepreneurs

One of the major problems faced by start-up entrepreneurs is the lack of material resources. Here it can be like the lack of equipment for the production of products, land plots or business premises. Or, simply the lack of assets for which it would be possible to carry out lending in a bank.

The implementation of the law on the development of entrepreneurship helps to partially solve this problem. According to its provisions, various state or municipal property. Such property may include:

• buildings, structures, other non-residential premises,
• land,
• vehicles and other machines and mechanisms,
• equipment, tools and inventory.

Transfer is provided, both on a reimbursable basis, and on a gratuitous basis. The main requirement that an entrepreneur must comply with when using this property is the preservation of its intended purpose. In addition, in most cases, it is prohibited to alienate this property, transfer it as collateral, authorized capital and so on. In case of violation of the rules for the use of such property, it may be seized in a judicial proceeding. The state bodies and local governments that have provided such property support can apply to the court with such a claim.

In order to make the process of providing property assistance open, state and municipal authorities, according to the law, are obliged to create and place for public information lists of property that can be provided for business activities on a long-term basis. With regard to federally owned property, the authorized body for compiling such lists is the Federal Agency for State Property Management.

Financial assistance to individual entrepreneurs

Financial support is without a doubt one of the most desirable forms of assistance for entrepreneurs. It can be carried out, as stated in the law on the support of entrepreneurs, from the budgets of the subjects of the federation and local budgets. The following forms of financial assistance to entrepreneurs are provided:

• subsidies,
• budget investment,
• state and municipal guarantees.

Let's consider them in more detail. Let's start with subsidies. In this regard, it differs from loans and loans, which, as a rule, are also targeted, but are subject to repayment, or by the time of expiration due date or periodically and in equal parts within this period.

Expert opinion

Maria Bogdanova

Since these funds are allocated from the budget, and the actions themselves to provide them are non-commercial in nature, strict requirements are imposed on their recipient. The subsidy cannot be granted without going through a rigorous selection procedure for candidates for the development of budgetary funds. As a rule, an entrepreneur needs to prove the seriousness of his intentions. One such evidence is a detailed and sound business plan. There is no established sample according to which such a document is drawn up.

It is important to keep in mind that when receiving state support, an individual entrepreneur takes on specific responsibilities. First of all, they are reporting. Subsequently, the individual entrepreneur is obliged to provide a report on the expenditure of the funds received. At the same time, it is important to attach checks, payment orders, receipts and other documents confirming the direction of spending the funds. It is possible that the state may demand the money back. For example, if misappropriation of finances is revealed, then the entire amount is requested back. If it is clear from the reports that the share of aid remained unrealized, then it is also returned.

The intended purpose of subsidies may be different, but, as a rule, they are directed to the following purposes:

• purchase of tools, equipment, and inventory,
• purchase of materials, raw materials and components,
• acquisition of intellectual property objects - licenses, patents.

Budget investments are a less common type of financial assistance to entrepreneurs. As a rule, funds allocated to support a business in this way are converted into participation in authorized capital companies. In this regard, assistance to individual entrepreneurs from the state in this form is not available.

If an entrepreneur claims to receive state or municipal guarantees, then he must provide investment project conduct business and confirm the desire to conclude an agreement with credit institution on the terms corresponding to the requirements for the issuance of state (municipal) guarantees. After obtaining consent to provide such support, under the guarantees of the state or local authorities, the entrepreneur is granted a loan (loan) in a banking institution.

Expert opinion

Maria Bogdanova

More than 6 years experience. Specialization: contract law, labor law, social security law, intellectual property law, civil procedure, protection of the rights of minors, legal psychology

There is one important condition - a business organized with state support must exist for at least two years. This condition is a kind of guarantee and allows you to exclude the financing of one-day companies.

For the development of small businesses in Russia for 2019, the Ministry of Economy proposes to create new, even more loyal programs for concessional financing. These programs will cover leasing, loans, taxes, etc. etc. According to the President of the country, all measures of the state should be focused on reducing the financial burden on businessmen and encouraging small business activities

The state provides financial assistance for small business

Many people dream of starting their own business. Freely managing your time, being your own boss is a pleasant prospect. But most people have to say goodbye to their dream before they even begin to put it into practice. The reason for this is the lack of funds to open a business.

Some manage to open small business and start working. But at a certain stage, the lack of funds can become an obstacle to the further successful development of the business.

In these cases, do not despair. You should know that the state provides material assistance to small businesses, providing small ones to open and run their own business.

The Russian government has developed a special program to subsidize small businesses. Any novice businessman or owner of a working production has the right to receive financial assistance for opening and promoting a business.

A subsidy is a gratuitous allocation of certain amounts, it should not be confused with or loans. The state aims to support private entrepreneurs and small businesses. Subsidies are directed to strictly defined sectors, in the development of which the state is interested in the short term.

The amount of payments depends on the regional authorities and can only be spent for certain purposes (also determined by the local authorities):

• purchase of equipment;
• purchase of raw materials, materials;
• purchase of intangible assets: patents, technologies.

Subsidies are issued only if the following conditions are met:

1. The company was opened less than a year ago.
2. The company is not engaged in the production, sale of alcoholic or tobacco products.
3. The company does not deal with real estate, equipment rental.
4. There is a business plan for the development and spending of funds.
5. The funds are directed only to the purposes determined by the local authorities. If misappropriation of funds is identified, even if they are related to this business, the recipient must return the entire amount of the subsidy.
6. All allocated funds are spent during the year. Funds not used during calendar year must be returned to the state.

After a year from the date of receipt of the subsidy, the entrepreneur must account for each ruble spent. In some cases, the duration of the subsidy lasts 2 years or more.

The Employment Center is responsible for issuing subsidies for the unemployed who want to start a business. Target subsidies for the development of certain sectors of the economy are distributed by the Centers for Entrepreneurship Support together with local authorities.

Who receives subsidies

Who can get small business grants

The state allocates financial resources start-up entrepreneurs and operating enterprises on:

• opening of own production;
• development of an existing business.

Grants are issued by the Employment Service for starting a business. The payment is due only to an unemployed person who has registered at the nearest Employment Center, if in his work book there is a record of dismissal from the previous place.

Not considered as grant applicants:

• students, students;
• individual entrepreneurs;
• founders, co-founders of firms and companies.

An unemployed person needs to warn an employee of the Center about his desire to organize his own business, prepare a business plan, calculations, and provide them along with the required documents.

When providing financial assistance to an operating enterprise, the state does not aim to cover all the expenses of the entrepreneur. Therefore, the presence of own funds is welcome, and in many cases it is required to deposit a certain percentage of funds by the business owner himself.

Ways of state support for small businesses

Financial support for small and medium-sized businesses is provided in the form of various grants, subsidies, compensations, and benefits. It is especially valuable that the assistance is provided free of charge, it should not be returned. It is enough to send them to their destination and report on time.

Forms of gratuitous support for small businesses:

1. Grants for beginners (production exists no more than 2 years). Aimed at the implementation of the submitted business plan. The amount of the payment is not more than 500,000 rubles. The recipient of the grant must have in his account sum of money in the amount of 40-50% of the business plan budget.
2. Development grant. Issued to an operating enterprise for the acquisition of certain assets and funds. The amount of the subsidy is from 50 to 90% of the total amount, but not more than 10 million rubles.
3. Grants for self-employment. issued to the unemployed. The amount of the grant is equal to the amount of unemployment benefits for 1 year.
4. Partial compensation of interest received on the loan for the purchase of the necessary equipment, technical means or making lease payments. The state usually assumes from 2.5 to 5.5% per annum, after providing documents on payments already made on the loan.
5. Compensation for the funds spent on participation in exhibitions, fairs: equipment rental, registration fee, transportation of equipment, products across the territory of the Russian Federation and other countries. It makes up 2/3 of all costs, but not more than 30,000 rubles.

Special conditions are provided to agricultural enterprises. They get the opportunity, with the help of subsidies, to purchase equipment, necessary equipment, breeding young, seeds.

What subsidies are issued by the Employment Service

The employment service provides subsidies for small businesses

The employment service provides gratuitous assistance to start a business only to officially registered unemployed. To register, you must provide:

• the passport;
• TIN, ;
• diploma or certificate;
• certificate of wages 3 months before the dismissal (take at the place of the last job).

You must write a statement of your desire to participate in the Self-Employment Program. Then write and submit a business plan. You can make it yourself or entrust it to a specialist. It indicates the estimated costs, incomes, justifies the utility, the expected benefits of production, the approximate payback period.

Another condition for granting a subsidy: the Employment Center does not provide the appropriate workplace for the grant applicant.

A special commission reviews the submitted documents, conducts an interview, and makes a decision. If the decision is positive, an agreement is concluded between the SZN and the grant recipient. The money will be transferred to his personal account. The amount depends on the region, but usually it is a small amount of money, it will not work to open a more or less serious business.

Spending must be targeted. The money should be directed to the following tasks:

1. Registration of an enterprise in the form of a legal entity. persons, individual entrepreneurs or peasant farms.
2. Preparation, registration of documents.
3. Payment for legal services.
4. Buying forms.
5. Production of seals, stamps.

The citizen is provided with consulting and information assistance. He needs to register with the local tax office.

Subsidies from local governments

To receive more substantial assistance (up to 500 thousand rubles), an entrepreneur needs to contact local authorities authorities.

The list is the same as when applying to the TsZN. After collecting all the papers, you should take them to the local Department for the development of small and medium-sized businesses. Grants are awarded on a competitive basis, so the main condition for receiving cash payments is to be able to interest the members of the commission, to prove that this particular project deserves attention and support.

Due to the fact that the amount of the grant is rather large, it is necessary to be prepared for constant checks and reports. It is necessary to prove the intended use of funds, otherwise they will have to be returned.

What to look out for

Subsidized production involves the creation of new jobs

When applying for state support, a novice entrepreneur should remember:

1. Subsidized production should be a priority for the region. This increases the chance of getting a grant.
2. Subsidies are not allocated for the development of businesses related to tobacco or alcohol production, real estate, rental and supply.
3. Subsidized production involves the creation of new jobs.
4. The entrepreneur must invest simultaneously with the state subsidy at least 40-50% of the total amount provided for in the business plan.

The specific one depends on the conditions of the individual funding program. The more the businessman himself is ready to invest in his enterprise, the greater the amount he can count on.

When developing a business plan, it should be remembered that subsidies are not allocated to deliberately unprofitable production. The lower the risk, the more likely the subsidy will be approved.

Other types of state support for small businesses

Federal and regional targeted programs aimed at providing services to start-up entrepreneurs who assume:

1. Providing the necessary information, training programs, conducting courses, seminars, consulting.
2. Development of business infrastructure: creation of conditions for the development of entrepreneurship, business incubators, funds.
3. Implementation innovative programs and scientific and technical developments.
4. Help start-up entrepreneurs legal matters, accounting consultations, in registration of licenses and allowing documents.

In addition, the entrepreneur can receive:

• , non-residential real estate, equipment for rent at low prices or even for free;
• assistance in obtaining a bank loan at low rates;
• a subsidy for the purchase of equipment or fixed assets under leasing.

In addition to federal programs, each region has its own programs to support small and medium-sized businesses.

Business subsidies are a good remedy to support business and enterprising citizens who are able not only to start their own business, but also to develop it in the interests of their families and the entire state. This is what the State Program for Supporting Small and Medium Businesses is aimed at.

How to get money from the state for the development of IP, see the following video:

Mar 13, 2018 Content manager

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