Provided financial aid for the unemployed when starting their own business - a huge help for Russians who have lost their jobs, but feel the strength in themselves to establish their own business. It is no secret that the global economic crisis has led to a significant reduction in the number of jobs. Many were laid off, but there is no need to despair in such a situation.

Money from the labor exchange for business, subject to simple conditions, can be received very soon, and your business may well bring disproportionately more income than the salary at the same place.

Not initial capital? No problem!

Money for opening a small business from the state can help entrepreneurs who do not have start-up capital. This financial support takes place within the framework of the "Help for Starting Entrepreneurs" program, which has already proved its high degree of effectiveness.

It should be noted that the state does not just provide entrepreneurs with assistance in opening an individual entrepreneur, expressed in monetary terms. A novice businessman can always count on advice in making a decision. legal issues, assistance in the process of registration of seals, papers, finding a place for office equipment.

Getting a subsidy

So, let's talk about how to open your own business with the help of the employment center and get benefits. Before receiving a subsidy from the labor exchange for starting a small business (own business) in 2015, the following conditions must be met:

• Applying. It should be noted that material aid available only to persons who have already opened an IP.
• Demonstration of a business plan, which is carefully studied by an expert commission. It is on the basis of the business plan that a verdict is made on the amount of material assistance.
• At the end of the quarter of work, a report must be submitted, which shows the order of spending the funds issued by the exchange. An important condition lies in the fact that the costs correspond to those indicated in the business plan.

Business Plan Secrets

Help from the employment center to start your own business is provided by a competent business plan. Before you receive money from the employment center, you should make a competent plan in order to hope for a grant to start a business. It is necessary to focus on the following features business plan:

• No losses. Government assistance to start a business without this condition is unlikely to be provided.
• Creation of new jobs.
• Scope of work of the established organization. Help for small businesses in 2017 from the employment center when opening their own business will not be provided to those who, as a small business, decided to organize a trade kiosk. More profitable area activities.

So, the answer to the question of how to get money for business development at the labor exchange is quite simple. It is important to come up with a really useful and profitable idea for an activity. As practice shows, the state is more willing to help those professionals who intend to create new jobs in the field of agriculture or production.

Many Russians who are just embarking on the path of private entrepreneurship seem to think that their activities are akin to a heroic throw into the embrasure: they bear numerous risks and cannot rely on anyone and nothing but themselves. It cannot be said that such views are unfounded, but far from everything is so deplorable: state support for small business in our country, although not sufficiently established, is still there. And it is within the framework of this support (more specifically, the state program "Help for Starting Entrepreneurs") that you can get almost 60 thousand rubles for the development own business free of charge. As everyone knows, “free of charge” means “free of charge”, that is, this subsidy will not need to be returned or partially compensated. It is enough just to report to the state how this amount was spent (the exact value of the subsidy is 58,800 rubles: 60 thousand rubles after taxes). However, first things first.

Is there a catch, or why does the state “gift” money to start-up businessmen?

And there are no pitfalls here: the state is interested in the development of small business as an economic entity, if only because each entrepreneur contributes (and each successful entrepreneur– and a significant contribution) to the formation of the state budget through tax deductions, creates jobs and develops national economy. In addition, to receive such a subsidy, you must be registered as unemployed and registered with the labor exchange. Everyone knows that everyone who "gets on the stock exchange" receives a certain unemployment benefit. And the amount issued to a neophyte businessman is nothing more than an annual allowance, paid not in installments (monthly), but at a time.

It makes no sense to be afraid of the status of the unemployed these days: times when citizens without enrollment in work book called parasites, fortunately, have sunk into oblivion. Instead, came the understanding that unemployment is normal for market economy phenomenon (unless, of course, it reaches the limit value of 10%). To keep this figure at the required level, the state is trying to regulate the number of unemployed by creating employment centers, whose specialists either help find a job to their liking or assist in starting a business.

Who can be considered unemployed in our country?

Everything seems to be obvious: an unemployed person is an able-bodied person who does not have a job. however, there are important nuances here. In accordance with latest edition The Labor Code of the Russian Federation does not include the following groups of Russians in the category of unemployed:

• persons under the age of 16;
• women who are in maternity leave or on parental leave (up to 3 years);
• citizens who retired upon reaching the appropriate age;
• invalids of the first and second groups;
• founders of limited liability companies;
• full-time students;
• persons in places of deprivation of liberty or sentenced to corrective labor;
• citizens who are not able (for good reasons) to start the proposed work.

If a Russian does not belong to any of these categories, but does not have a job, he can safely register with an employment center and receive assistance from the state. However, it should be remembered that in some cases the status of the unemployed can be lost:

• if within 10 days you refuse two (or more) proposed job options without a good reason;
• if you do not come to the employment center to look for work within 10 days from the date of registration;
• if you submit documents containing knowingly false information.

And, of course, you can stop being called unemployed through employment. What can you expect when visiting the employment center?

How to find a job with the help of the labor exchange?

So, the state is not ready (which is quite natural) to pay unemployment benefits indefinitely, which is why a curator is attached to everyone who registers with the employment center. The task of such a specialist is to select a suitable job for the applicant (in accordance with qualifications, experience, life values, the requirements of the candidate). How successful the cooperation between the curator and the unemployed will be depends largely on the goals of the latter.

So if the main objective- receiving a subsidy for business development, then all offered jobs must be refused. But - for a plausible reason (after all, otherwise they may be forcibly removed from the register). For which one - you will have to come up with your own, the main thing is that this reason looks convincing and is related to the desire to act in the interests of society.

How to get the desired financial support from the state to start your own business?

In general, the state is ready to provide Russians with three types of subsidies:

• up to 4 thousand rubles for individual entrepreneurs and up to 20 thousand rubles for a legal entity as compensation for registration costs;
• 60 thousand rubles (58,800 rubles per hand) for organizing self-employment - at the same time, if you recruit personnel from among those who also managed to register for unemployment, you can get the same amount for each of them;
• 300 thousand rubles for the organization of self-employment (not from the federal, but from the city authorities) - it is easy to guess that such a large amount is given to a few, provided that they meet a huge number of criteria.

In a word, it is worth being realistic and remembering the "titmouse in the hands", that is, receiving a federal subsidy.

How to do it? The plan to achieve the goal looks quite simple.

1. Write a business plan for an employment center and defend it.
2. Register IP.
3. Get cash(they are transferred to the same bank card on which unemployment benefits are calculated).
4. Report - how the money was used.

So, it seems that becoming the owner of a subsidy is as easy as shelling pears. So it will be, if you properly prepare for each of the stages.

Preparatory measures: the more accurate the action, the better the result

It is worth starting with the collection of information - and its detailed, scrupulous analysis. Despite the fact that this subsidy is federal (that is, it should be issued in all Russian regions), it is very important to understand exactly what requirements a particular employment center puts forward for applicants. By the way, at the same time you can ask what other support measures (for example, grants) for small businesses are in place in the region and the city. This can be done on the official website of the local administration, as well as directly at the employment center at the place of registration. Getting legal advice on supporting small businesses will also not be superfluous.

If you want to receive a subsidy, you need to have enough free time. It is very useful for going through bureaucratic instances (everyone knows what queues there are) and for attending interviews with potential employers (you can’t immediately declare your unwillingness to “work for your uncle” in any case).

The emotional state is also important. And, of course, patience: maneuvering between the employment center (who wants to quickly find a job for the unemployed) and potential employer(who do not understand why the vacancy offered to them is so persistently refused) must be competently and almost artistically.

And, perhaps, most importantly, it is necessary to accurately realize your goals, desires and opportunities, to understand where the business will begin and how it will develop subsequently. All this should be reflected in the business plan. By the way, it is worth starting to write it even before the dismissal from the main place of work - in order to have a “alternate airfield” if the business idea turns out to be untenable.

And now - the most interesting ...

How to get a subsidy from the employment center: step by step instructions

The first step is to register with the employment center at the place of permanent registration and receive the status of unemployed. To do this, you must submit the following package of documents:

• identity card (passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation);
• document on education (diploma, certificate - in the absence of other documents);
• employment history;
• a passbook or an application for opening a Sberbank card indicating its details;
• pension insurance certificate;
• military ID (for men).

This is followed by filing an application for unemployment benefits and receiving advice from the curator of the employment center. The most reasonable thing during this event is to ask a specialist how you can register as an individual entrepreneur. Then you need to fill out an application confirming the desire to do business, and pass the test.

The second step is the defense of the business plan. This is one of the most serious stages of the entire procedure, in many respects similar to the exam: the defense takes place in a separate audience, and a special commission evaluates the effectiveness of the future business. This is preceded by a conversation with a psychologist, whose task is to assess the applicant's ability to entrepreneurial activity.

You should not be afraid of the “exam”: the main evaluation criterion is the realism of the project and the confidence of the future businessman that he will really succeed. How to write a competent and winning business plan is a topic for a separate conversation, however, there are more than enough resources on the Web to help you write it well.

The next, third step is to apply for a grant. All previously collected documents and a business plan must be attached to the application. The received package is submitted to the same employment service. After consideration of the application, in case of a positive decision, the applicant is notified that he can now conclude an agreement. Which, of course, should be done.

The fourth step is registration as an individual entrepreneur or founder of an LLC.

The last, fifth step is the introduction registration documents to the employment center along with all receipts for the payment of the proper fees. Upon completion of this stage, funds will be in the bank account (passbook or plastic card) - 58,800 rubles.

But what is this money enough for and what can be done with it?

It is easy to guess that it is inappropriate to spend the money allocated by the state and obtained with such difficulty for personal purposes, if only because it will be necessary to report on where the subsidy was spent during the specified period. Invoices, checks, and other paper evidence of expenses are suitable as reporting documents. In addition, it is worth remembering that in the first year of free navigation on the waves of entrepreneurship, tax reporting must be submitted not only to the Federal Tax Service, but also to the employment center that issued the subsidy.

Of course, the allocated funds will not be enough to open a turnkey business. It is also natural that the state is ready to subsidize far from every type of activity. However, it is known that this money is most readily given to those whose business is related to production, agriculture, the service sector, in a word, with industries that create new jobs. And gratuitous help (especially material) is always better than its absence. Especially when it comes to private business.

Evgeny Smirnov

bsadsensedynamick

# Business plans

Subsidy from the labor exchange

If you want to open an alcohol store, a pawnshop, a microcredit service, and the like, you should not count on the help of the Employment Center.

Article navigation

• Business plan form
• Protection of the business plan at the Employment Center
• Sample Business Plan for a Grant
• Barber shop business plan
• Freight business plan
• Business plan manicure parlor with calculations

A subsidy from the Employment Center allows you to receive up to 300 thousand rubles to open your own business. To do this, you must meet a number of conditions, as well as draw up a competent business plan. It is on its basis that a decision is made - to give you money or not. This money is gratuitous financial assistance that does not need to be returned, even if nothing works out with the business. And since the state does not like to give money just like that, and they demand results from officials, they usually pay close attention to a business plan to receive a subsidy from the Employment Center. Frankly weak and ill-conceived projects will not receive money.

A subsidy is given not only for opening a new business, but also for expanding an existing one. The requirements are different, but the main ones include the creation of new jobs. If, after receiving the subsidy, you are guaranteed to hire new staff, then the probability of receiving money will be very high. Of course, with the right business plan.

Business plan form

Each company has its own, unique business plan, but there are mandatory points that must be followed. If you want to receive money from the labor exchange to open your own business, then these points should be worked out especially, even if in your opinion this is not necessary.

You can see the typical structure of a business plan for an Employment Center in the table below. All items must be completed in this order.

These are all simple and logical points. If there is a need to add something else (for example, a detailed SWOT analysis), then no one limits you here. The table shows the required minimum. It is worth considering other requirements that are not officially specified anywhere, but they greatly affect the likelihood of receiving money from the Employment Center. We will talk about them in more detail.

Information must be structured. It should be evident that you can organize your thoughts. In addition, confusing business plans, where information is scattered randomly on different sheets, may simply not be understood. And do not approve. An ordinary official will not waste time trying to understand what you wanted to say.

The business plan must be well-written. Documents with errors are not taken seriously. If there is one typo or missing comma, then this will not be a problem, but if there are many errors, the probability of receiving money will be extremely low.

The numbers should be as close to reality as possible. You do not need to take them out of your head, especially when it comes to financial calculations. This is the first thing they look at and carefully check. Therefore, you need to indicate real numbers. Also, do not manipulate financial performance. There is a chance that they will notice this and recognize your business plan as untenable.

Mention any details and facts that may be relevant to your business. The official who will review your business plan must see that you really want to make a successful business, and not just make money.

There are ready-made business plans for different types business, but they can only be taken as a basis. Your own project should be unique, take into account local features. By the way, the following types businesses will not even be considered:

• alcohol trade;
• pawnshop and other financial services.

Some types of business can be very wary, and it will be difficult to get money. But each region has its own peculiarities, this moment Check with the Employment Center.

Protection of the business plan at the Employment Center

Protection is a simple and fast process. You will need to come to the commission, which usually consists of five to six people. Most are employees of the Employment Center, they also invite people from the local administration or business specialists.

In practice, protecting your project will rarely take more than five minutes. The commission will ask a few clarifying questions and that's it. There will be no interrogation and conversation like in an exam. If, after reading your business plan, the employees of the Employment Center have such a misunderstanding, then you simply will not be invited to defend, and your project will be rejected.

That is why the preparation of a competent and good business plan must be treated very responsibly. By and large, only this factor matters. But in your future business, you must be well versed. If on defense they ask you a couple simple questions, and you will not be able to answer them, then you can forget about receiving money.

For this reason, the business plan must be written independently. There are times when applicants for receiving money from the Employment Center during the defense cannot answer the questions of specialists, as they simply downloaded typical business plans on the Internet and did not even delve into them. All this is noticed in 99 cases out of 100.

According to statistics, about one person out of ten is rejected at the defense stage. But if you are confident in your abilities, have spent a lot of time studying the features of your business, then success is almost one hundred percent guaranteed. Additional positive factors may be specialized education or work experience.

Sample Business Plan for a Grant

At the Employment Center, you should be given a business plan form, on the basis of which you will write your project. You can find a sample business plan for a labor exchange on the Internet, but in any case, you need to get a form from your local office. It will be issued after applying for a subsidy. You can also download and view a ready-made sample:

Download Sample

This is a simple example of a business plan for an individual entrepreneur, without filled in data and other details. It may seem small, but after filling in the information, its volume will increase greatly. But do not think that each project consists of 50 or more sheets, this is not so. In most cases it is about simple ideas businesses that do not require fundamental market analysis, research of dozens of competitors.

You can also see ready-made business plans, below you can download several options. But do not forget that they cannot be used in this form, adaptation to the form of the Employment Center is necessary. But there is nothing complicated about this, you just need to enter real numbers and other data that relate to your city.

Barber shop business plan

An example of a business plan for a typical hairdressing salon. It will need to be finalized, but it can be used as the basis for a project to receive a subsidy from the Employment Center:

The number of start-up businessmen is steadily increasing every year. An increase in their number has a positive effect on economic indicators country as a whole and satisfies the ever-growing needs of the population.

State financial support contributes to the emergence of new small and medium-sized businesses. The authorities of a particular region are trying to introduce methods of assistance: various benefits, subsidies, and material payments. How to get such support? Let's figure it out.

Which entrepreneurs can count on help from the state?

The state mainly provides financial support to owners of small and medium-sized businesses. To find out if your company belongs to this category, you should pay attention to the number of employees and the amount of annual turnover. The following formats of enterprises can count on money from the state:

• start-up business(up to 15 people on staff with annual turnover up to 120 million rubles);
• small business(up to 100 people in the state with an annual turnover of up to 800 million rubles);
• medium business(up to 250 people in the state with an annual turnover of up to 2 billion rubles).

To qualify for assistance, companies must meet the following requirements:

• duration of existence from the moment of opening - no more than 2 years;
• the company is registered with the tax service;
• SME is not a tax debtor.

Important: the chances of financing are much higher for businessmen who have social benefits, as well as own a social or export-oriented business.

Remember that the state provides support to entrepreneurs whose field of activity is among the priorities. To apply for gratuitous assistance, a businessman must work in one of the following areas:

• Manufacture of consumer goods.
• Popular directions of folk art.
• Offers of rural and ecological tourism.
• Housing and communal services.
• Agro-industrial department.
• The sphere of science and technology, as well as innovation.

How to get government assistance for small business development in 2019?

The main advantage of receiving such a subsidy is that it is free of charge and does not need to be returned after a certain time. The state benefits from this, as a new small enterprise appears on the economic map, providing jobs to citizens, and competition with existing companies increases, which contributes to quality improvement and price stabilization.

But along with the conclusion of a subsidy agreement, the entrepreneur agrees to fulfill certain obligations. The main one is to provide detailed reporting.

Within 3 months from receipt financial resources from the state, a businessman is obliged to submit a report with documents on the use of the subsidy to the Employment Center. As confirmation, commodity or fiscal checks, receipts, paid payment orders and other documents can be provided. The financial report must be consistent with the paragraph of the business plan, which indicates the purpose of obtaining capital.

Important: if the business person cannot provide confirmation, he is obliged to return the subsidiary funds to the state in full.

Also, the terms of the drawn up agreement suggest that the activity of the financed small enterprise should last at least one year from the date of opening. This excludes the possibility of cooperation with one-day firms.

Help can be obtained from many instances and organizations that have the necessary powers. Here is some of them:

• City administration. Department economic development provides information on types of financial support for small businesses.
• Chamber of Commerce and Industry. This institution provides assistance in consulting on business, marketing, legal law, it helps to take part in exhibitions.
• Entrepreneurship Support Fund. Based on the results of the mandatory assessment of the submitted project, the organization allocates finance for the activities of a small enterprise.
• Business incubator. This organization is engaged in infrastructural support of the ideas of entrepreneurs at all stages of development, starting from the moment of opening.
• Venture fund. Focuses mainly on innovative projects, then invests money in their activities.
• Employment center.

Interesting: if your business project is socially or economically beneficial for the state, you can receive not only money for its implementation, but also free education, the right to take part in exhibitions, etc.

After contacting the above authorities, you will receive a list of required documents. Here are the papers included in this list:

1. Passport and TIN of the entrepreneur.
2. Insurance certificate (SNILS).
3. A certificate from the accounting department of the last place of official employment, which indicates salary information for three months before the completion of work.
4. Education document.
5. Application of a program participant for receiving financial support from the state (according to a specially approved form).
6. Ready business plan.

Money from the Job Center

The most common way for entrepreneurs to get help is to apply to the Employment Center. How is this procedure carried out?

The first step is to register with the Employment Center and obtain the status of unemployed. This is a prerequisite, since the state allocation of funds is due only to those entrepreneurs who are registered as unemployed citizens. To do this, you need to have the following documents with you:

• passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
• work book;
• marital status document;
• education document.

Then you need to write a business plan With detailed description project, targeted distribution of funds and an indication of its payback period. The third step is to register a business as an individual entrepreneur.

The package of documents is considered by the regional commission within 60 days. If a positive decision is made between the applicant and the Employment Center, an agreement will be concluded, and the funds will be transferred to the recipient's account. The commission may decide to reimburse only certain costs, such as the registration and opening of a small business. If the applicant receives a rejection notice, they may try again.

Grants for new businessmen

This type of allocation of funds from the state involves helping novice businessmen to open a business and those who have been engaged in entrepreneurial activity for no more than two years. The following organizations have the authority to distribute grants:

• Department of Economic Development.
• Funds for supporting small and medium-sized businesses.
• Unions created by entrepreneurs.

A prerequisite for obtaining a grant is the activity of a small enterprise in one of the priority sectors indicated above.

According to state law, companies that produce wine and vodka products, tobacco products, luxury goods, work with real estate or engage in gaming activities do not receive payments.

Remember that the allocated money is directed to cover 30 to 50% of the total cost of the project. The businessman should look for the remaining finances for the development of the business on his own. Don't be afraid to invest, it can be.

The entrepreneur must provide the following documents:

• Documents confirming the absence of other sources of financial support.
• Certificate of registration of an individual entrepreneur or LLC and a business plan.
• An extract from the bank on the amount of own finances.
• Certificate of positive credit history.

Then the Sectoral Commission decides on the provision of funds. The maximum amount of a cash grant is 500 thousand rubles (in Moscow and the region - up to 5 million rubles).

The state prioritizes the unemployed, young entrepreneurs, former military personnel, families with young children, etc.

Subsidy program

State plans for subsidizing small enterprises are implemented at different administrative levels. Therefore, they can be systematized according to the scale and amount of allocated funds:

1. Federal programs. They are implemented nationwide, they are also characterized large quantity allocated money to financially support the discovery and development SMEs. A distinctive feature is that such programs work mainly with large-scale business projects, whose owners are already engaged in commercial activities.
2. Regional programs. They work in the territories of administrative regions and dispose of the regional or district budget. The purpose of such programs is to develop the infrastructure of the whole region.
3. Local programs. The scale of implementation is work with city or district entrepreneurs. Subsidies are limited to small amounts of funding.

The amount of assistance received, the form of its provision, as well as the list of necessary documents for processing an application depend on the features of the state program. The larger the scale of the program, the higher the competition and the more stringent selection rules. The small business owner should take this into account.

Concessional lending

Categories of small and medium-sized commercial entrepreneurs who are unable to receive material support from the state can apply for concessional loans. Many banks provide such loans on simplified terms. As mentioned, the probability of opening a loan with a favorable interest rate is higher for those who are engaged in priority activities for the state.

Advice: for all your questions regarding assistance, you can contact banking institutions or credit communities directly, as they also have lending programs for business start-ups.

The applicant receives a loan as a one-time cash payment in the amount of 50 million to 1 billion rubles. After the conclusion of the contract, the preferential program is valid for 3 years. Investments and investments in the project are also a prerequisite own funds businessman. Their number is determined as follows:

• 20% if the loan amount is more than 500 million rubles or if the repayment of the loan is planned from the future income expected after the start of the business project.
• There are no restrictions if funds are allocated for other investment plans.

The interest rate for use varies depending on the format of the enterprise. This is 10% per annum for medium-sized enterprises and 11-11.8% for small ones.

What can government money be used for?

As mentioned above, the granting process is a donation of funds that promote the opening and favorable development of a business. Concessional lending and other assistance programs also have simplified terms and reduced interest rates. At the same time, the use of financial support from the state is accompanied by documentary reports to confirm the intended purpose. The allocated money can be spent on the following:

• Payment for the lease of a place or plot of land (no more than 20% of the principal amount is allocated to cover these costs).
• Replenishment of working capital.
• Workplace equipment.
• Acquisition of equipment for production (purchased machines cannot be sold or exchanged for three years).
• Purchase of consumables (the same rules apply - no more than 20% of the funds received).
• Renovation and refurbishment work.
• Intangible assets.

The entrepreneur draws up an annual report, which indicates exactly what the received subsidiary income was spent on. Also, certificates and receipts must be submitted to the control authorities.

Intangible Small Business Support Options

In our time, the state is ready to help novice businessmen of small and medium-sized enterprises not only by increasing capital. There are several other forms of support:

1. Free education opportunity. Why in the first years of activity, many entrepreneurs, faced with problems, leave the business? They simply do not have the necessary knowledge about the conduct of their business. Such educational skills (such as how to lead) help in development, but are expensive, so not everyone can get them. The state provides start-up businessmen with the opportunity to study courses for free, as well as attend various seminars and lectures. The applicant is obliged to submit relevant documents to the necessary authorities: paid bills, certificates of training or concluded contracts. The payment will cover half of the expenses, but not more than 40 thousand rubles a year.
2. Rent reduction. Another support option is discounts on the cost of renting premises where offices or production are directly located. Remember that you can get such a discount only if the building is municipal property and the lease agreement is concluded for a period of more than 5 years. Every year, the preferential rate increases (from 40 to 80% of the rent), and for the next period, the entrepreneur pays the full rate. A prerequisite is a competitive selection to determine a worthy candidate. The winner is allocated additional assistance to pay for communications.
3. Compensation for participation in exhibitions. To promote and further develop, small business owners can take advantage of subsidies to participate in national or international exhibitions. Based on the results of the selection, the state can help pay for the costs of registration, rental of a place, transportation of exhibits, accommodation, organization and translation services. If the state aid amount does not exceed 150 thousand per year, you can pay up to half of the costs. Mandatory conditions to receive compensation for small businesses: an application, an agreement with the organizers and a report on the work performed.

Summing up

The advantage of financial support programs is the ability to increase the capital of small companies. Since the state is interested in the development of small enterprises, the likelihood of receiving financial assistance is constantly growing. This is a good chance to start.

On the other hand, the conclusion of an agreement with the relevant government bodies obliges entrepreneurs to submit detailed reports and monitor the intended use of funds. Therefore, every businessman should study the features of existing support programs and the requirements for them. Then he will be able to use the assistance as efficiently as possible and fulfill his obligations.

04.12.18 88 089 31

And open your own business at the expense of the state

In October 2017, I received 98,000 rubles of subsidies from the employment center to start a small business.

Ksenia Pelipenko

received from the state financial support of 98,000 R for business

In this amount, subsidies to small businesses are paid in the Crimea. In Moscow and other cities, the amount of subsidies may be less or more. This is not a loan or a loan, but a program of state financial support for the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. I spent the development funds correctly, submitted the financial report and pay taxes on the business, so I don’t have to return anything.

Here's what you need to do to get a one-time government subsidy for small businesses in your city if you're unemployed, of legal age, not studying or serving.

What kind of financial support are we talking about?

The state fights unemployment in the subjects in different ways, including helping the unemployed to become entrepreneurs with the help of subsidies. This is called state support for entrepreneurial initiatives in the regions. The development of specific programs for subsidizing small businesses in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation is carried out by regional authorities.

In different subjects, state support programs differ slightly - in most cases, only in the amount of subsidy for starting a business. For example, in cities Kursk region they give 74,000 R for business development, and in Tyumenskaya - 24 maximum unemployment benefits, that is, 120,000 R. Information on the amount and procedure for providing support in your subject can be clarified at the employment center.

In Crimea, the state subsidy for starting a business is 20 maximum unemployment benefits. In 2017, the amount of support in my city was 98,000 R. That is the amount of subsidies they gave me to develop my business.

Register at the job center

I applied at the employment center in mid-June 2017. I was warned that the support program for my region for this year has not yet been launched: state funding will be available only by autumn.

At this stage, questions were asked about what kind of business I want to open. The state is not ready to give a subsidy to all small business projects: for example, the city does not need another tobacco stall or a beer store. My idea is an online store of goods for children's creativity- was useful for the region and met with unconditional support.

I had documents for registration for unemployment with me, so I decided not to wait for September and give up right away. It took half an hour to complete the application, and after 10 days I officially became unemployed. I also received the right to state subsidies when opening an individual entrepreneur and began to receive a small financial assistance - unemployment benefits in the amount of 850 rubles per month.

By the end of the summer, I regretted that I had registered in advance. While I was waiting for a grant to start my business, every two weeks I was given three referrals for an interview. I had to run around the city to keep my unemployment status in order to participate in the program. I convinced different employers 12 times to refuse me for any reason at least - this is not the most pleasant experience.

Therefore, you should not apply for registration if the funds for subsidizing small businesses have not yet arrived, and you do not have time to follow directions from the employment center. Ask an employee to update you on the receipt of public funds for subsidies in your subject - most likely, you will not be refused.

At the end of August, a state support program was launched in my city. I was asked to fill out an application for a small business grant from the government, and the job search ended.

Take a course on the basics of entrepreneurship

Everyone who wanted to receive government subsidies to start their own business was sent to courses on the basics of entrepreneurial activity. In 2017, there were 9 people on my stream.

Courses for entrepreneurs turned out to be paid - 2815 rubles, but tuition fees are included in the state support program for subjects. I have entered into a tripartite agreement to provide educational services with job center educational center and went to school at the beginning of September.

To receive government support, we prepared business plans and practiced answering questions from an imaginary commission. By the end of the training, each entrepreneur in the group had finished project your future business. We wrote them without the help of teachers.

On the last day of the course, we passed a simple exam: everyone answered questions about the payback of their business and the chosen taxation system. As a result, we received crusts on the passage of courses for entrepreneurs.

Coordinate and submit a business plan to the employment center

At the employment center, we were given a leaflet with the format of the title page and the recommended structure of the business plan. We didn't have strict volume requirements. To qualify for support in your region, it was important to disclose:

1. The demand for products or services in the city, region.
2. Competitiveness.
3. The timing of the project.
4. Number of jobs created (if any).
5. Financial indicators and expected economic effect.
6. Ensuring the safety of working conditions.

In my project of an online store of goods for children's creativity, there were only 20 pages.

I handed over the finished business plan to the employment center in order to get access to protection. It was not possible to just take it and forget it: the business project was returned for revision twice. I rewrote the section on labor protection and corrected errors in the design.

In parallel with the preparation of the business plan, I was tested at the employment center. The psychologist determined whether I had entrepreneurial abilities and whether I had chosen the right business as a field of activity. The conclusion of a specialist can be taken as a recommendation - the test results do not affect the provision of state subsidies for small businesses.

It is better to write a business plan yourself, rather than download a ready-made one from the Internet. Firstly, it is not difficult: the employment center will give a memo, explain everything and help correct mistakes. Secondly, this is additional support: on defense, you will look confident when answering questions from the commission.

Protect the business plan

On September 26, our group was assigned the defense of business plans. Whether to give a subsidy to small businesses was decided by our teacher from the courses, an employee of the tax office and several people from the employment center.

10 minutes were allocated for the presentation of each project. This time was enough to talk about the essence of my future business and how I plan to act when I receive a subsidy to open it. The commission asked only one financial question How do I calculate taxes?

The defense turned out to be not like an exam, but like a presentation of a business project for investors in the region. There were no strict regulations for the speech - everyone simply retelled their business plan. A guy from our group decided to enlist the support of the commission and treated them to fruit, which he planned to sell to the residents of the city.

When we defended ourselves, the chairman of the commission announced the decision: everyone receives subsidies for the development of small businesses. In general, fight for state support it was quite easy: protection thesis I found it much scarier at university.

Register a sole trader and open an account

Before you receive a subsidy from the state for opening and running a business, you need to register an individual entrepreneur, LLC or farming. I chose IP and prepared everything Required documents to participate in the business development program:

1. Application for registration of IP in the form No. P21001.
2. Passport copy.
3. Notification of the transition of business to the simplified tax system.
4. Receipt of payment of a fee of 800 rubles for registration of IP.

When opening an IP, you need to choose the type of activity that you will be engaged in. For this, there is OKVED - all-Russian classifier species economic activity. An entrepreneur can combine several types of activities, but the main one must be the one that brings the most income.

I immediately secured myself in case I got tired of trading in a couple of years: in addition to the main OKVED - “Internet trading”, I registered several more activities that are related to website development, writing and information services.

In the end, it came in handy for me. In the spring of 2018, I closed my online store, and I didn’t have to re-register anything with the tax office - a year later I just switched to the new kind activities.

I handed over all the papers to the tax office at the place of residence and after 5 days I became an individual entrepreneur. At the stage of submitting documents, there were no difficulties: before, they helped me at the employment center, and now - at the tax office. In vain I prepared for bureaucracy and angry faces.

I was worried that I would do something wrong, and therefore contacted the tax office personally. In fact, you can register as an individual entrepreneur on the website of public services. There it will take 3 working days and will cost 560 rubles.

I also ordered a print for myself. By law, an entrepreneur can do without it, but it seemed to me that stamping documents is much easier than explaining that you don’t have anything yet.

Last important matter in opening a business was the opening of a current account. Generally, individual entrepreneur can work without it and pay in cash, but it is more convenient with an account. The bank asked me for a passport, TIN and a record sheet from the USRIP, which confirms that I have registered an individual entrepreneur. The procedure took 20 minutes. I left the branch with the details of the current account linked to the account corporate card and access to your personal account in Internet banking.

In order to compensate for the costs of registering an individual entrepreneur at the employment center, you need to keep a receipt for the payment of the fee, a check for the purchase of a seal and an act of work performed for its manufacture.

Get money on the Mir card

I took a copy of the entry sheet from the USRIP to the employment center - this is a document that confirms that I have registered an IP. In order to compensate for my expenses when receiving a subsidy for starting a business, along with this copy, I gave the original receipt for the payment of the fee for registering an individual entrepreneur, a check for printing and an act of work performed.

The last document that I was asked to submit to the employment center was the details of the Mir card, to which I would receive a subsidy for starting a business. I already had a card - I got it to receive unemployment benefits, and I took the details in 5 minutes at the bank.

98 000 R

I received from the employment center to open my own business

I signed an agreement with the employment center on the provision of subsidies for the development of small businesses on October 9th. On October 10, I received an SMS about the transfer of a subsidy in the amount of 98,000 R, and already on October 11 I received compensation for printing and duty.

Getting funds is not the end of the story. The subsidy must not only be received, but also managed not to return it. So that a subsidy for starting and running a business is not demanded back, you need to report to the state for spending funds and keep the IP.

Map "Mir"

Small businesses will not be able to get a subsidy for Visa or MasterCard. According to Article 30.5 of the Federal Law "On the National Payment System", payments from the state budget must be credited to bank accounts using national payment instruments, that is, the Mir card.

At the employment center, they immediately told me that for a subsidy to small businesses, it was the Mir card that was needed. Those are the terms of the contract.

Account for targeted spending

Under the terms of the subsidy agreement, the entrepreneur has 90 days to spend the money received and confirm the spending with original documents. I could only spend the subsidy on opening a small business as indicated in the business plan. If she wrote that financial assistance is needed to purchase goods and cash register, which means that you cannot pay rent or equipment.

The purchase of goods for children's art and the collection of documents caused me to panic. Suddenly, I found out that the end of October for suppliers in any region is already the pre-New Year period, so the processing of applications is delayed, some items are out of stock, and all this pops up when you unpack the package with the order.

3.5 weeks before the deadline for the report, I finally spent the entire amount of the subsidy on starting and running a business and went to the employment center. I took with me:

1. Contracts with suppliers.
2. invoices issued to me.
3. Money orders.
4. Sales receipts, because some things I bought for cash.
5. Invoices for goods.
6. Act of completed work on setting up the cash register.

After checking, they did not accept documents from me that confirmed expenses for 20,000 rubles: for two orders from one supplier, the amounts in the invoices did not match the amounts in the invoices. For the first time, the supplier did not report the goods for 200 R and therefore invoiced for 200 R less for the second time. I didn't think it would be a problem.

I asked the supplier for a reconciliation report, from which it was clear that in the end I received the goods for exactly the amount paid. The act did not save the situation, because it is not included in the list of documents that the employment center accepts. Thanks to the supplier who urgently redid and sent me invoices with the required amounts - the same as in the invoices.

On December 25, I submitted the corrected documents and received an act of fulfillment of obligations, which confirms that the employment center has no claims against me for a subsidy for small business. It was scary: if the supplier had not redone the documents, I would have had to return all the funds - that is, 98,000 rubles of subsidy, which I had already spent.

What to do so that there are no problems with the report

Here are some things to keep in mind to avoid problems with your small business grant report:

1. Spend the subsidy immediately - 90 days fly by unnoticed.
2. Spend funds strictly on what is indicated in the business plan, unforeseen expenses - only at your own expense.
3. Pay for goods and services only from the current account and to the current account, do not pay in cash.
4. Always sign a contract.
5. Submit documents to the employment center immediately after spending the amount of the subsidy for the development of small businesses. If a mistake is found in the papers, there will be time to sort it out.

Remain an individual entrepreneur and pay taxes throughout the year

The last condition of the contract that I had to fulfill was not to close the IP within a year from the date of granting a subsidy for starting a small business and pay all taxes and fees on time. I didn't have any problems with this.

I automatically calculate business contributions and taxes using a special service. All I have to do is click on the "Pay" button. personal account and confirm the payment in the bank. You don’t need to track payment terms yourself: I control them using SMS notifications.

In the course of my entrepreneurial activity, I realized that I was not interested in trading. It became clear that the most thrill was in the development process: to create an online store website, set up SMS alerts and connect an online cash register. I did not like to give change and communicate with customers. So a year later, I closed down my kids art store and started working as a sole trader with clients who needed help with websites.

Despite the fact that I changed the scope of business, I am not going to close the IP. From the whole story, I had positive impressions. Employees of the employment center and the tax office helped prepare documents for obtaining subsidies and understand the procedure for starting a small business, answered questions in incomprehensible situations.

What to do to start a business at the expense of the state

1. Apply for registration at the employment center.
2. Complete entrepreneurship courses and final testing.
3. Write a business plan and defend it for commission.
4. Register IP.