- the concept is unofficial, but having a certain demand in personnel management Russian enterprises. Consider in what structure it may be needed in our article.

Why do you need a description of working conditions in the workplace

- a concept that is not enshrined at the level of federal legal acts, but is quite often used in industry and regional regulations.

So, for example, in paragraph 4.2.2 of the resolution of the Chief State Doctor of the Russian Federation dated 04.04.2003 No. 32, which established the sanitary rules for cargo transportation on railways, it is indicated that in the process of organizing jobs, a labor organization project should be drawn up, the structure of which includes job description.

In another document, the order of the Department of Health of the Tyumen region dated 06/04/2012 No. 7/33, it is said that job description should be reported medical specialists about their work, which are considered attestation commission that establishes qualification categories.

At the same time, the requirements for such a document as the characteristics of the workplace are not enshrined in any NLA. So the specific format of this document should be developed on the basis of the actual tasks facing the employee of the organization responsible for personnel workflow.

It is reasonable to fix the following parameters in the structure of job characteristics:

• completeness, equipment of the workplace;
• indicators of illumination, noise level and other physical characteristics premises in which it is located workplace;
• the specifics of the labor function performed by employees in the workplace.

In some cases, documents related to the characteristics of jobs are required for subsequent submission to the VTEK (medical and labor expert commission), which establishes disability groups for citizens.

What is the characteristic of the workplace for VTEK

AT this issue confusion is often allowed. It would be more correct to say that VTEK is provided not with a description of the workplace, but with information about the employee who works at the enterprise. The form of the corresponding document is also not officially approved, and the employing company can develop it on its own.

The characteristics of an employee for VTEK most often indicate:

• the name of the employing company, its address;
• Full name of the employee, his position, experience, qualifications;
• the nature of the work performed by the person;
• duration of the employee's working day;
• figures reflecting the productivity of the worker;
• data on labor functions performed by an employee at a previous job.

The document must be signed by a specialist personnel service enterprise, as well as the head of the employee for whom the characteristic is drawn up. It is good if the paper is also signed by the company's medical officer - in the event that such a position is provided for in the staffing table.

Where can I find a job description template?

The characteristics of the workplace, recorded in a separate document, can be an important element in the personnel workflow system at the enterprise. Our experts have prepared for you job description example which you can download.

For every company, the proper organization of the place of work of employees is important. It is the starting point in production structure company, necessary for the management, maintenance or actual production.

Competent organization of the working space allows the most efficient use of labor, means and tools of production, which ultimately affects the economic results of the enterprise.

The place for work of the head is a multifunctional room in the company, representing not only a place for the work of the management, but also a territory for business meetings, negotiations, meetings and recreation.

The organization of this type of space and its equipment with the necessary elements is a difficult task, which requires a creative approach for its solution. There are also general principles, allowing you to equip not only a functional, but also a comfortable office.

Standard zoning

The size, layout of the manager's office and the equipment placed in it are directly dependent on the nature of the activity and the amount of work performed by the owner of the premises.

It is important to take into account the scope of the company and the average number of daily visitors, the technical devices and materials necessary for the work of the director, the amount of documentation, and whether it is customary to hold meetings in the director's office or another room is used for similar purposes.

The procedure for organizing the workplace, which provides for measures to equip it and place the means and objects of labor, taking into account their functionality, aims to:

• increase in user productivity;
• promotion quality parameters his activities;
• maintaining the working form (capacity) of the manager, reducing his fatigue.

When zoning a room, all of the following goals are taken into account:

1. The first zone is reserved directly for the working area, a place for working with documents and information. The size and shape of the table is selected taking into account the placement of the necessary devices and accessories on it: office supplies, telephones, monitors. The chair should be selected with the ability to maintain a physiologically correct working posture without overloading the back muscles. A comfortable seat will allow you to concentrate as much as possible on the work performed, without being distracted by a change in posture.
2. The next zone is allocated for meetings, conferences. It is optimal to place a semi-circular table in it, which allows employees to be seated at an equal distance from the boss, thereby ensuring equal visual contact and psychological comfort for those present.
3. Another zone is a resting place used for the relaxation of the leader, as well as for holding informal meetings. Special chairs with a dynamic fit allow you to sit in various balanced positions that are conducive to rest and restoration of the body's working capacity.

Moments taken into account when organizing a workplace

In the office, the executive officer not only works, but also regularly holds meetings and planning meetings with the staff. Therefore, the area of ​​the working room should be more than 20 m 2 , and the shape should preferably be rectangular with an aspect ratio of 2:1.

Furniture should be selected not only taking into account anthropometric indicators, but also taking into account the possibility of its rational placement and combination with other design elements.

Computers placed on the desktop due to a special software and the terminal version of the device should provide the user with the ability to quickly obtain data on the situation in any part of the company and access to external information sources.

The use of modern telephone and loud-speaking devices for communication ensures remote business meetings with the ability to disconnect subscribers by choice or transfer to standby mode.

By the way! Radio communication facilities provide for their installation in the office and in the car, and portable devices can be carried with you all the time. The choice of option depends on the way the workspace is organized and the needs of the manager himself.

For the color scheme in the office, light and restrained shades of materials intended for walls or floors are suitable, which do not contrast sharply with furniture, lamps and other design elements. Matte surfaces are preferred as shiny surfaces tend to increase worker fatigue.

Design standards for premises

The procedures for the construction of structures and buildings provide for the observance by the participants of urban planning activities of mandatory state norms and technical regulations (SNiP).

The main objectives of the application of urban planning standards approved by the authorities executive power countries are:

• protection of citizens, their life and health;
• protection of nature, representatives of the animal world and vegetation;
• protection of state (municipal) property, property of citizens and legal organizations;
• prevention of actions that may mislead the purchasers of property.

In public buildings intended for administrative use, the size of the premises for the management of institutions must comply with the following requirements (SNiP 31-05-2003):

Requirements for SNiP for the height of desktops:

When organizing a place for the activities of the director, the following conditions are taken into account:

• cabinet size;
• sanitary parameters;
• temperature and illumination;
• noise level indicator;
• design and general decoration of the room.

Taking into account the rules and regulations of SNiP, the requirements for organizing an office for the director's work are as follows:

Too bright natural light can be dimmed by placing blinds on window openings. Soundproof upholstery, double doors, floor carpeting will help to reduce the noise level. And to establish a comfortable microclimate (temperature, humidity) will be possible with the help of air conditioners.

Summing up

The office for the head of the enterprise is a specific room, so its arrangement must be carefully thought out. The workplace should be as convenient as possible for the user and at the same time concentrate the corporate style of the company. The thoughtfulness of the interior should contribute to strengthening the image of the company, creating a comfortable atmosphere conducive to the cooperation of partners and customers.

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In the work of the leader, various means of calling are also used, which mainly ensure the current communication of the leader with deputies, assistants, etc. Various loud-speaking installations are a convenient means of transmitting oral information. Effective communication in the institution is provided by special public address systems, where it is possible to connect any two subscribers who have devices with a dial pad.

Modern types of telephone and loudspeaker communications make it possible to conduct business meetings circularly, carry out selective and general disconnections of subscribers, transfer to waiting, etc.

The manager very often has to use the phone, and often several devices at once. You can speed up communication using an automatic dialer such as "Autodial" or "Eletap". The first provides the ability to encode 24 seven-digit numbers most often called by the manager; the second allows you to do this for 60 numbers. Calling the desired subscriber is carried out by pressing one of the 24 (60) buttons. For a number of leaders, radio communication is necessary. Radio communication can be established both in the office and in the car. Separate categories of employees of management can always have portable means of radio communication with them at work. It is important that managers know how to choose and use the appropriate type of communication from a variety of different devices.

To store information, the manager can use punched cards, various cards, forms, journals, notepads. Simple means of storing information also include various kinds of folders, albums, envelopes, boxes, cases and coasters. To store and organize more extensive information, file cabinets should be used. Currently, more than 25 designs of file cabinets have been developed: flat, vertical, rotating. It is necessary to strive to ensure that all these media in general take up as little space as possible and that the necessary data can be easily found in them.

A rational way to store materials is the hanging method, in which documents are placed in folders with indicators and hung on rails. The main advantage of the hanging storage method is the saving of space and the speed of finding and retrieving required document along the indicator spine attached to the folder. Moreover, some indicators may correspond not only to the details of the documents, but also to the timing of their execution, importance and other signs by which the manager can visually imagine the obviousness of the execution of a particular document. Documents stored in this way take up 40% less space and save at least about 50% of the time spent laying out materials in the traditional horizontal way of storing documents.

Requirements for the organization of the workplace of the head

The working conditions of the head are determined mainly by:

the area of ​​the room;

· sanitary conditions;

the norm of illumination; room temperature;

The level of humidity

Noise level

Design and color scheme of the room.

Table 1 shows the most General requirements to the organization of the workplace of the head, taking into account the standards of SNiP.

Table 1. Requirements for the organization of the workplace of the head, taking into account the standards of SNiP

B E D E N I E

Throughout the life of human society, there have been those who lead and those who are led. But people before the beginning of the 20th century attached little importance to the very concept of management. Since the beginning of the 20th century, management begins to stand out as an independent science, and continues to develop at the present time. Throughout the development of science, the focus has been on how a leader should lead in order for the organization to work effectively. But, unfortunately, little attention was paid to how to organize and design the work of the leader himself.
Modern development society shows that the successful operation of the organization largely depends on the skillful and competent leadership. And his work, in turn, from a well-designed workplace.
The object of work is the workplace of the head.
The subject of work is the interior of the workplace and specifications at work.
The purpose of this work is to organize and design the workplace of the head, and how to do it so that his work is the most efficient, comfortable. And therefore, in this work, methods and knowledge from such subjects as: Design, Ergonomics, Computer Science, Ethics, Psychology will be used whenever possible. As well as the influence of physiological, psychophysiological and psychological factors when creating a manager's workplace.

1.1 FACTORS INFLUENCING THE PERFORMANCE OF THE MANAGER

The external environment of the office and office.
. Productive labor in the field of management can be ensured through compliance with simple rules organization of the workplace, office layout, creation of comfortable working conditions and a good psychological climate. All this offers

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Ergonomics is the science that studies working environment in relation to performance and functionality person.
The modern executive workplace must meet the requirements of cost-effectiveness, high technical equipment, organic design and security in terms of both information protection and personal security. The first thing they notice
people coming to the reception - this is the external environment of the room. From how your office looks, from part of the results of the conversation. The construction of space requires the observance of a single style in everything: in the planning decision, in decoration, decor, furniture.
Properly placing the work area and choosing the right color scheme, you can increase your mood and productivity at minimal cost. Traditionally, the director's office is divided into two zones - official and informal.
1. Internal volume and shape of the cabinet. Depending on the rank of the head, the acceptable area is from 20 to 50 sq.m. But, as the architects note, often 12 sq. m. is enough for a functional and cozy office of the head. The height is at least 3.5 m. The shape of the office is also of great importance, since it is also the place for planning meetings and meetings. Given this, the most rational is the rectangular shape of the cabinet with an aspect ratio of 1:2. Let's note some features. The entire office is divided into three zones. The first is the workplace itself. The second is the area for meetings, planning meetings, presentations. The third zone is a recreation area, where there is a coffee table, a sofa and one or two comfortable chairs. It is used for confidential conversations with partners and, in some cases, with subordinates, when it is necessary to create an informal atmosphere.
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The desktop should be larger than regular tables. Working surface The tabletop should be hard and smooth, preferably made of wood. Do not cover the table with glass, as its shiny surface has a harmful effect on vision.
“According to ancient Chinese teaching, the leader should sit in the office facing the front door and a little obliquely from it - this, according to philosophers, helps to find a way out even in the most hopeless situation. The table should be placed so that the owner sits facing the door and can see the guests coming and going. On the console on the left, you can place a computer, phones and other items that can take up a lot of space on your desktop.
A prefix should depart from the leader's desk. It serves for holding small meetings, receiving delegations of several people. The meeting table should be designed for a certain number of people (5-7 people + 2 free seats). Chairs around a conference table should not be too comfortable or uncomfortable. Optimally - ordinary chairs with a soft seat. The atmosphere of the office should not be oppressive and overwhelming. For this purpose, an aquarium with fish, green spaces, a mirror can be located in the office. The office can also be supplemented with a stand where samples of manufactured products will be placed. You also need a large wall clock, which should be visible from anywhere in the office. Fresh flowers, curtains or blinds, thoughtful color scheme.

1. Materials of The Lancet magazine. www.telelancet.com

"Modern furniture is more expensive than money." A special conversation is interior items. It's no secret that furniture, wallpaper,
flooring can be a source of toxic emissions. According to article 414 "Hygienic
requirements ... "materials used for interior decoration of the interior of the premises must be allowed for use by the State Sanitary Inspection.
Modern aesthetically beautiful and environmentally friendly furniture will create comfortable working conditions and an idea of ​​the well-being of the company. When choosing furniture, one should take into account such moments as: anthropometric indicators (height, body length, arm length, etc.), to ensure a comfortable position of the human body. This creates conditions for less fatigue, good visual perception, freedom of movement.
The requirements for the manager's chair are extremely simple to formulate - it must be comfortable.
“It should provide a physiologically rational working posture, in which blood circulation is not disturbed and no harmful effects occur. The chair o must be with armrests and be able to rotate, change the height and angle of the seat and back. It is desirable to be able to adjust the height and distance between the armrests, the distance from the back to the front edge of the seat. The chair should be adjustable, with the ability to rotate in order to reach objects that are far away.

2. Litvak I., "Ergonomics is a caring science."

It is best to equip the workplace with inexpensive Italian or German furniture made of chipboard, covered with a special protective plastic. A depressing impression is left by visiting directors' offices with scratched old tables, worn chairs, cheap curtains and ashtrays filled with cigarette butts.
“The color scheme of the interior is characterized by a color scheme (a set of colors adopted for the color scheme
interior) and color contrast (a measure of the difference between colors in terms of brightness and hue). Traditional neutral white or gray, according to psychologists, should not dominate the design of the office. The first is like a hospital, the second can be accidentally mentioned in the idiom "gray mass". Of course, if you are forced to become attached, for example, to gray, it would be right to use contrasting colors in the decoration: cherry, orange, cornflower blue. Colors are advised to choose from light colors. Pale green, yellow, beige. They help not only reduce fatigue, but also increase the volume of the office. Some patterns can be mentioned: brown improves executive functions; blue - improves brain activity and reduces appetite; yellow, orange - improve mood and stimulate the birth of non-standard solutions; green - brings peace. It is also important that the surfaces are matte, because shiny ones are harmful to health.

3. Monthly magazine "Design and Interior" No. 3, 2002.
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Noise

Lighting

Microclimate

1.2. T E C H N I C A L I C A L I C N O S

The concentration of production, the intense rhythm of work, the growth in the number of managers required the development of unified documentation and technical means to facilitate the work of the director.
"Use an organizer!" All technical tools for manual and mechanized work (pens, paper clips, pencils, erasers, folders, rulers, scissors) are best stored in a specially adapted place on the table - organizer. This saves time compared to traditional storage in a drawer.
"Each thing has its place!" All documents (folders, papers) must be arranged in such a way that they have a permanent place, and they can be
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it was easy to find. For correspondence, you can put special colored folders on the table so that you can immediately assess the degree of importance by color. AT foreign practice the law of the "free table" is used; on the table there should be only one work with the documents and tools necessary for it, everything else should be inside the table. At the end of the day, the table must be absolutely clean in the interests of confidentiality. The manager's desk, littered with documents, books, newspapers, speaks of a sloppy, unbusinesslike person.
Diary. A necessary thing that allows the manager not to forget appointments or other useful information.
It is necessary to say about the means of providing operational communications. These are telephone, radio communication, director's switches that allow you to talk with several subscribers at the same time, concentrators, answering machines. The manager needs two phones. One inside the other to go outside the organization. Moreover, the second phone, if possible, should be such that the secretary must first answer the call on it, and then switch the call to the manager.
All means of communication technology must be placed on the left or on a special stand so that they can be used with the left hand, leaving the right hand free for work;

A computer

Workplace with monitor

1.3 Non-verbal ways of communication, its features in the work of a leader
Successful Leadership is inextricably linked to effective communication. If the leader does not know how to get the most out of communicating with people, then he will not be able to get them to give all their best.
People not only listen to what they are told, but also carefully follow the gestures that accompany speech, as well as the environment in which communication takes place. Most people are familiar with the body language theory of the subconscious mind. There are situations in which the leader and subordinate feel uncomfortable, and often the only way to relieve tension is precisely the appropriate gesture. good example such a situation is a job interview. If the leader is sitting at the table, this once again emphasizes his position and power in the organization, but his interlocutor will feel tense and unnatural. Therefore, it is better for the director to sit down with him and throughout the conversation to avoid positions that can put the visitor in a "dead end".

4. Monica Thiel. “Meet; your computer."
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Knowledge of body language also helps during communication, as the ability to understand sign language helps to catch a change in the mood of the interlocutor. The same can be said about the receptions of visitors. They can be divided into official and unofficial. Officials can be held:
1. at the table for conferences, meetings. This will put the manager and the visitor in same conditions, that is, psychologically it will be easier for the interlocutor. It is best to resort to this method when the reception of the visitor is official, but the manager wants to establish personal contact;
2. at the desktop. At the desktop, it is best not to receive visitors at all, because. on it may be important documents. Behind him it is better to accept guilty workers.
When the manager sits at the desk, and the employee is in front, it is much more difficult psychologically for the employee, and sometimes this alone is enough for the employee to understand his guilt without criticizing.
Another important factor in communication is interpersonal space - how close or far the interlocutors are in relation to each other. The social status of the leader also plays a role big role in defining personal space. Interpersonal space based on the types of relationships is:
1. Intimate distance (up to 0.5 m) - corresponds to intimate relationships, and is used in communication with loved ones.
2. Interpersonal distance (0.5 - 1.2 m) - for talking friends with or without contact with each other. At this distance, people communicate at parties, official receptions, friendly meetings or at work. If a manager wants to establish a less formal contact with a colleague or partner, he uses this distance.

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3. Social distance (1.2 - 3.7 m) - for informal social and business relations, and the upper limit is more in line with formal relations. As a rule, this distance corresponds to the length of the table in the manager's office, where he holds small meetings, which allows him to maintain a formal atmosphere.
4. Public distance (more than 3 m) - this is appropriate when addressing a large group of people, for example, when speaking in classrooms and at meetings.
Here are some rules that can be deduced from the above. In order for people to feel comfortable when communicating, one must always keep a distance. The only exception to this rule is the space due to the social position of a person. For example, CEO a large firm likes to spend weekends fishing with his subordinates. When fishing, they can invade each other's personal and even intimate areas. But at work, the director will keep his buddy at a social distance. This is the unwritten law of social division. Managers can use the invasion of personal space method if they want to obtain information from an employee who may, for some reason, hide it.
When designing a workplace, one should mention the factors influencing the increase in the status and authority of the manager. This is the size of the chair and its accessories, the height of the chair and its position relative to another person. The height of the seat back raises or lowers the status of the seated person. The higher the back, the higher the status. Therefore, executives prefer to sit in a leather chair with a high back. Swivel chairs also give their owners more power than chairs with fixed legs. Low sofa for visitors. Turntable phone. Expensive ashtray, standing out of reach of the visitor, which
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makes him uncomfortable when extinguishing a cigarette. Several folders lying on the table with the inscription "Top Secret". Photos hung on the walls, diplomas, certificates confirming the awards and qualifications of the owner of the office. An elegant diplomat with a combination lock. Large, massive briefcases are usually worn by those who do all the work.
All this will raise the status of the leader, give more weight in the eyes of others, help communicate more effectively and influence others.

CONCLUSION

Designing the workplace of the head is the most important tool for organizing the work of the head as a whole. Labor productivity and work results largely depend on how correctly, organically, comfortably it will be.
When designing, it is necessary to synthesize and apply knowledge in the field of ergonomics, interior design, philosophy.
It is necessary to provide the work of the head with the necessary tools and equipment that meets the latest requirements.
Perfection information technologies suggests the need computer technology and office equipment in the workplace.
Computer programs allow you to make the work process the most paperless, confidential and dynamic.
The use of non-verbal methods of communication and the arrangement of objects in the office allows you to most comfortably and painlessly communicate with colleagues, partners, and subordinates. Raise the status of the leader, communicate more effectively and complete tasks.

5. Allan Pease "Body Language".
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2.1. D R O J E C T R O C E G O M E S T A R U R O D I T E L
(PRACTICAL PART)

In the second part term paper will be held practical work on designing a workplace for a manager on the example of an operating enterprise in the city of Kaluga. On the site of an existing office, a workplace passport will be developed and offered to the manager as a new, improved workplace project.
Required. Develop a workplace passport for the position of manager.
Sections. 1. Appointment and general characteristics.
2. Layout of the workplace.
4. Regulatory information.
5. Furniture and equipment.
6. Technical means.
7. Loading the workplace.
8. Working conditions.
9. Pay.

11. Social benefits.
12. Criteria of labor efficiency.
Methodical instructions.
1. The development of a passport should begin with the collection of the necessary information at the enterprise.
2. You should justify the rational placement and planning scheme of the workplace, using books and reference books.

6. Smirnov E.L. Help Guide according to NOT - 2nd ed., add.
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The methodology for developing a workplace passport includes the following steps:
1. Analysis of literature, standard projects, visits to advanced offices.
2. Calculation of the need for space, equipment, technical means.
3. Development technical project, ordering furniture and equipment, carrying out repairs of premises, furniture installation, development of documents.
4. Implementation of the workplace passport.
The existing office of the head was taken as a basis. (Appendix No. 1)

Passport of the workplace of the director of a small enterprise.
1. Purpose and general characteristics of the workplace.
Energotekhsnab LLC enterprise for the production of technical means and equipment.
Structural unit - management.
Director's workplace.
Personnel category - manager.
2. Layout of the workplace of the director of the enterprise (Appendix No. 2).
3. Functions and tasks of management.
3.1 Development strategy management.
3.2 Organization of the management system.
3.3 Personnel management and social development.
3.4 Management of economic development.
3.5 Financial and accounting management
3.6 Labor and payroll management.
3.7 Marketing and sales management.
4. Regulatory documentation.
4.1 Charter of the enterprise.
4.2 Agreement of founders.
4.3 Philosophy of the enterprise.

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4.4 Internal labor regulations.
4.5 Regulations on wages.
4.6 Staffing.
4.7 Director's contract.
4.8 Job description of the director.
5. Furniture and equipment.
Desktop 120 * 180 cm - 3 pcs.
Computer table 80 * 80 cm - 1 pc.
Corner R 80 cm - 1 pc.
Bookcase - 1 pc.
Director's chair - 1 pc.
Chairs for visitors - 3 pcs.
Soft corner - 1 pc.
Coffee table - 1 pc.
Office chairs - 10 pcs.
Metal safe - 1 pc.
6. Technical means.
Personal Computer- 1 PC.
Printer - 1 pc.
Intercom switch - 1 pc.
Telephone set - fax - 1 pc.
Writing board - 1 pc.
Household air conditioner - 1 pc.
Stationery set "Organizer" - 1 pc.
Business folders - 20 pcs.
7. Loading the workplace.
Normative total labor intensity
The complexity of performing basic functions.
Production trips.
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Holidays and scheduled breaks.
Rule of control.
8. Working conditions.
The total area is 30 m.
Area per employee during the meeting - 2 sq.m.
Sanitary conditions are normal.
The illumination norm is 200 lux.
Average temperature - 20 C
Humidity level - up to 50%
Noise level - no more than 50 dB.
The room color is light beige.
9. Pay.
Official salary.
Prize.
Annual premium.
10. Occupational health and safety.
Labor protection instruction.
Instructions for the operation of technical means.
Instructions for electrical safety.
Facilities personal protection(electric shock).
11. Social benefits.
Personal car.
Another vacation.
Additional paid vacation.
12. The criterion of labor efficiency.
Growth in net profit (percentage on the previous year).
Cost reduction.
Growth in production volumes.

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Decreased staff turnover.
Increasing product quality.

findings
The purpose of the practical part was to create an optimal, based on the existing conditions, workplace for the manager, and to introduce the project into the activities of a real organization. On the example of an already existing cabinet, there are quite noticeable shortcomings that should have been eliminated using theoretical material. In Appendix No. 1, we see that the head was not alone in the office, but together with his deputy for commercial work. This significantly complicated the work of both, because the specifics of the work of these positions are different. The head of the enterprise had to receive visitors, hold meetings not in confidentiality. The first thing that had to be done was to move the position of the director to a separate office. Subsequently, work was carried out on the rational and comfortable placement of furniture. Three zones were identified in the room, because the manager often has to hold small meetings, negotiate with a partner
etc.................

Plan

Introduction

1. NOT leader

2. The workplace of the head and its rational organization

3. Equipment technical means processing, accounting and storage of information

4. Requirements for the organization of the workplace of the head

5. Holding meetings at the workplace of the head

Conclusion

Bibliography

Introduction

The workplace of the head is the “think tank” of the company and often sets the style for the design of the entire office. The head office is perhaps the most unusual and multifunctional space in the office. This room can not be attributed to either the internal or external zone.

In addition to the main one (workplace of the head), the office also performs a representative function, serves as a venue for business meetings, negotiations and conferences, is used for recreation and even as a museum of the "military glory" of the company or its owner. In this state of affairs, organizing the space and equipping the director's office is a non-trivial and purely creative task. And not only for manufacturers, furniture suppliers, architects, designers, but also for the heads of companies themselves. However, there are general principles that help to make the work of the head effective, and his office - truly comfortable and functional.

The purpose of the essay is to consider the features of the organization of the workplace of the head.

1. NOT leader

Scientific organization of labor (NOT) is one of the activities of the head. NOT implies the use of modern technologies, methods and techniques of labor organization, providing efficient work manager.

The main elements of the scientific organization of labor are:

Rationalization of execution certain types works and operations that ensure the growth of labor productivity of the manager;

reduction of direct time losses;

planning and control of the use of temporary resources;

redistribution and delegation of work.

Rationalization of the manager's work provides for:

organization of the workplace;

optimization of the use of working time.

Question increase productivity sooner or later rises before every leader. Thanks to the scientific organization of labor productivity can be multiplied even without significant financial investments. Optimization of the workspace, issues of division and cooperation of labor, interaction between departments and employees, reduction of unproductive losses of working time, labor rationing and optimization of the number of employees - these and other measures will enable the company to become more efficient.

In the field of scientific organization of labor, the leader solves the following tasks: ; ; ; .

2. The workplace of the head and its rational organization

If we consider the workplace of the head, then we can say that this is his office, in which he spends most of his work. It depends on what kind of office it will be and how the leader will work. It is quite obvious that the better the workplace is adapted to perform the functions of a manager, the more productive and efficient the work of the manager will be (See Fig. 1)

Workplace of the head is a separate part of the premises of the enterprise, equipped in accordance with the nature of the functions performed by the necessary means of labor. The rational organization of the manager's workplace provides for:

selection of the necessary means of labor;

their rational placement;

Ensuring working conditions conducive to maintaining the efficiency of the manager and excluding harm to his health.

The size of the area and equipment of the manager's office depend on the number of participants in meetings or meetings held in the manager's office, on the number of visitors who come at the same time, the range and volume of cases and documents, various technical means and working materials, tables, i.e. the layout of the manager's office may be different depending on the nature and volume of work. Several typical workplaces have been developed for various categories of managers, and these projects should be familiarized with when deciding on a workplace.

When considering the organization of the workplace, the following points should be considered:

1. The internal volume and shape of the cabinet.

Depending on the rank of the head, the acceptable area will be from 20 to 50 m 2 and the height of the office is at least 3.5 m. It is also of great importance, since the office of the head is not just a place where he directly works, but also, as a rule, a place for planning meetings, meetings , meetings. Given this, the most rational is the rectangular shape of the cabinet with an aspect ratio of 1:2.

2. Furniture.

The following points must be taken into account here:

anthropometric indicators (height, body length, arm length, etc.);

Providing a comfortable position of the human body, which creates conditions for less fatigue, good visual perception, freedom of movement and more;

Rational planning and arrangement of furniture;

furniture should look aesthetically pleasing.

3. Equipment.

For the normal work of the leader, you must have:

· stationery;

two phones (one phone must be internal (meaning a phone for communication within the organization), and the other for going outside the organization.

· a computer.

· diary.

4. Color design of the office.

Color tones should not be sharp, soft. It is better to choose colors from light colors (pale green, yellow, beige), light colors not only help reduce fatigue, but also increase the volume of the cabinet. It is also important that all surfaces are matte, as shiny surfaces are harmful to health.

Fig.1. An example of the organization of the workplace of the head

3. Equipment with technical means for processing, recording and storing information

Importance has the equipment of the workplace of the head as a whole. These are a modular design table, a movable chair, a microfilm reader (on the table), a built-in voice recorder, a telephone, an intercom.

At present, it is impossible to imagine the normal work of a manager without a computer. Firstly, a computer allows you to make work almost paperless, secondly, with the help of a computer you can quickly get information about the state of affairs in the market, thirdly, it allows you to keep abreast of the affairs of the enterprise and much more. But here it must be borne in mind that you can fully take advantage of the computer's capabilities only if you have good software, access to external computer networks, and most importantly, the presence of a computer network within the organization.

Modern types of executive workplaces are often equipped with terminals. The most important element of the terminal device - the display (on-screen remote) provides the manager with ample opportunities for joint work from PC. The display allows you to see at the right time on the screen the forms that characterize the course production processes, indicators of finished products and activities of the enterprise as a whole. Such displays are complemented by traditional technical means of communication with the company's divisions.

In the work of the leader, various means of calling are also used, which mainly ensure the current communication of the leader with deputies, assistants, etc. Various loud-speaking installations are a convenient means of transmitting oral information. Effective communication in the institution is provided by special public address systems, where it is possible to connect any two subscribers who have devices with a dial pad.

Modern types of telephone and loudspeaker communications make it possible to conduct business meetings circularly, carry out selective and general disconnections of subscribers, transfer to waiting, etc.

The manager very often has to use the phone, and often several devices at once. You can speed up communication using an automatic dialer such as "Autodial" or "Eletap". The first provides the ability to encode 24 seven-digit numbers most often called by the manager; the second allows you to do this for 60 numbers. Calling the desired subscriber is carried out by pressing one of the 24 (60) buttons. For a number of leaders, radio communication is necessary. Radio communication can be established both in the office and in the car. Separate categories of employees of management can always have portable means of radio communication with them at work. It is important that managers know how to choose and use the appropriate type of communication from a variety of different devices.

To store information, the manager can use punched cards, various cards, forms, journals, notepads. Simple means of storing information also include various kinds of folders, albums, envelopes, boxes, cases and coasters. To store and organize more extensive information, file cabinets should be used. Currently, more than 25 designs of file cabinets have been developed: flat, vertical, rotating. It is necessary to strive to ensure that all these media in general take up as little space as possible and that the necessary data can be easily found in them.

A rational way to store materials is the hanging method, in which documents are placed in folders with indicators and hung on rails. The main advantage of the hanging storage method is the saving of space and the speed of finding and retrieving the desired document by the indicator spine attached to the folder. Moreover, some indicators may correspond not only to the details of the documents, but also to the timing of their execution, importance and other signs by which the manager can visually imagine the obviousness of the execution of a particular document. Documents stored in this way take up 40% less space and save at least about 50% of the time spent laying out materials in the traditional horizontal way of storing documents.

4. Requirements for the organization of the workplace of the head

The working conditions of the head are determined mainly by:

the area of ​​the room;

sanitary conditions;

the norm of illumination; room temperature;

The level of humidity

Noise level

Design and color scheme of the room.

Table 1 shows the most general requirements for the organization of the workplace of the head, taking into account the norms of SNiP.

Table 1. Requirements for the organization of the workplace of the head, taking into account the standards of SNiP

It should be noted that to reduce noise, you can use: carpeting on the floor, double doors, soundproof upholstery and more. To maintain a normal microclimate, air conditioners and radiant heat sources are used. To reduce sunlight, you can hang blinds on the windows.

5. Holding meetings at the workplace of the head

Business meetings can be carried out:

· at the table for conferences, meetings. This will put the leader and the visitor in the same conditions, that is, psychologically it will be easier for the interlocutor. It is best to resort to this method when the reception of the visitor is official, but the manager wants to better establish interpersonal contact;

at the desktop. At the desktop, it is best not to receive visitors at all, because. it may contain important documents that the visitor can see for a number of other reasons. Behind him it is better to accept guilty workers. When the manager sits at the desk, and the employee is in front, it is much more difficult psychologically for the employee, and sometimes this alone is enough for the employee to realize his guilt without criticizing.

Unofficial receptions are best held in the “recreation area”. Sitting comfortably on a sofa or in an armchair, it will be easier for the leader and the interlocutor to relax and establish good interpersonal contact. A visitor who comes with a personal and intimate conversation to the leader will feel much more confident in such an environment than in an official one.

Conclusion

The modern office of the head of a firm or company is a specific room in which the process of making responsible decisions takes place.

The office environment should be thought out to the smallest detail in order, firstly, to make the manager’s workplace as comfortable as possible, secondly, to help strengthen the company’s image among partners and competitors, and thirdly, this is not a space of personal taste, the office environment should concentrate as much as possible in own corporate identity of the company.

So, the atmosphere of the main office office should emphasize the main advantages of the company, there should be nothing superfluous and nothing should be missed, because the interior should help to arrange customers and partners for long-term and promising cooperation, and most importantly, create a comfortable atmosphere that will help to think over and realize interesting and important projects of the company.

Bibliography

1. Meskon M.Kh., Albert M., Hedouri F. Fundamentals of management: Per. from English. - M.: Delo, 1995. - 704 p.

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