Industrial alpinism is the performance of high-altitude work using a special technology on building structures in an unsupported space. All work is carried out with climber rope and simple manual equipment without the use of scaffolding, cradles, scaffolds and other auxiliary devices.

The profession has a rather rich history. One of the first massive need for such specialists arose in the early 1930s during the construction of the Hoover Dam (USA). Then the miners, in order to strengthen the mountain slopes, had to descend from the mountains on ropes and carry out necessary work hand tools - drilling pits, laying dynamite. In view of their low dexterity and lack of experience, work was carried out extremely slowly with an increased risk to the lives of workers.

In the USSR, for the first time, industrial climbers were involved in the years of the Great Patriotic War. So in 1942, specialists participated in masking the golden spiers from targeted enemy fire in besieged Leningrad. The team of climbers was led by Olga Afanasyevna Firsova.

With the development and emergence of reliable climbing equipment and heavy-duty ropes, industrial climbing as a commercial technology and profession gained its popularity in the 80s of the XX century.

Industrial climber is a modern profession in demand

In Russia modern profession industrial climber introduced Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of May 17, 2001 N 40 and described in the Unified Tariff and Qualification Directory of Works and Professions of Workers (ETKS) (based on the Decree State Committee USSR on labor and social issues and the Secretariat of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions dated January 31, 1985 N 31 / 3-30) in § 277a. Industrial climber (5th category).

Characteristics of this profession according to ETCS: Performance technological operations in unsupported space with the use of climbing technologies in the production of repair and construction works on high-rise structures, radio and television towers, supports, bridges, chimneys, gas ducts, tunnel vaults, ice-breaking piers of bridges, etc. Carrying out audits, inspections and detection of defects in high-rise structures. Coating various surfaces with anti-corrosion materials. Production of painting works. Restoration of unique architectural objects, temples, monuments, domes, steles, facades of buildings and structures. Repair of cladding, architectural elements and decorations, balconies, cornices, roofs, storm drains, etc. using lifting mechanisms: winches, hoists, guineas. Sealing of interpanel joints, replacement of drainpipes, window washing. The frill of mountain slopes near automobile and railways, removing or fixing dangerous, free-lying stones in areas production activities. Mounting and dismantling of lifting and lowering equipment. Ensuring avalanche and rockfall safety during expeditions and excursions to hard-to-reach mountainous areas. Providing anti-avalanche measures. Carrying out work to ensure the safety of activities on mountainous terrain when filming films, holding public events, etc.

From the characteristics of an industrial climber, one can deduce commercial tasks, which will most often be placed in front of high-altitude specialists:

• facade works of any complexity;
• sealing joints of the roof of buildings and structures;
• external insulation of apartments;
• glass and window washing;
• cleaning roofs from snow and icicles;
• tree trimming, pruning and cutting;
• lifting oversized cargo to a height;
• repair of balconies and roofs, roofing works.

As can be seen from a small list, the range of application of the capabilities of industrial climbers is quite wide and varied, and when performing a specific type of work, a specialist must have one or another profession. If this is roofing work, then an industrial climber must be fluent in the skills of a roofer. If pruning and crowning trees, then you must know the technology of proper landscaping.

Since the work of an industrial climber combines many professions (installer, electrician, painter, window cleaner, etc.), the specialist must master them perfectly. In addition, there are a number of requirements that are the exclusive specifics of the profession and the preparation of industrial climbing.

If the entrepreneur decides to create such perspective view business, like industrial mountaineering, then he should carefully read the recommendations and regulations on the organization of high-altitude work and the involvement of specialists with appropriate training.

How and where are industrial climbers trained

Industrial climbers are not trained in accelerated courses, all specialists of this profile must pass special training in specialized educational institutions. Training program is extensive and includes not only professional training and practice of an industrial climber, but also psychological training, the study of safety precautions and the specifics of a number of professions and knowledge that must be used while at a height. A prerequisite for training is that all specialists must be of legal age.

As a result of the training, all successful graduates who have passed qualification checks receive a document on special training in the profession "industrial climber".

Persons who do not have such a document are not allowed to work as an industrial climber. Also, the specialist must be tested and receive a positive conclusion on admission to work from the medical commission. A very strict requirement in the profession for knowledge and compliance with safety regulations. In good firms, they regularly conduct training and testing knowledge on safety precautions. The complex of ongoing activities will improve the safety of industrial mountaineering, which is prerequisite carrying out high-altitude work.

The international legal field (and increasingly in Russia) also uses the international standard ISO 22846, which establishes the basic requirements for the technique of performing high-altitude work in unsupported space.

Organization of activity on industrial mountaineering. Doing business in industrial mountaineering

To open a company providing industrial mountaineering services, it is enough to register as individual entrepreneur(IP). OKVED codes that must be specified when registering an activity:

• 45.21.6 General construction works for the construction of other buildings and structures not included in other groups
• 45.25 Other construction work
• (main activity) 45.25.6 Performing other construction work requiring special qualifications
• 45.31 Electrical installation work
• 74.70.1 Cleaning and cleaning of industrial and residential premises and equipment
• 74.84 Provision of other services

It must be remembered that opening a company does not require a license, however, all industrial climbers in the state must have the appropriate documents and medical certificates. In case of violation of these conditions, the entrepreneur faces heavy fines.

To start a business, an entrepreneur should purchase special equipment for industrial mountaineering, as well as tools for performing certain types high-altitude work. Typically, the cost professional equipment ranges from 15 to 20 thousand rubles.

Having created such a business, and having hired specialists of various specialties, the entrepreneur begins to conduct the financial and economic activities of his enterprise. These are, first of all, contracts for the performance of certain works on top, as well as bookkeeping, tax payment and reporting. The entrepreneur must control all the activities of his enterprise, from the conclusion of contracts and the performance of work at height, to the accrual wages and sick leave for employees. In this case, the activity of the enterprise will be stable and efficient, and will allow you to receive a high and progressive income.

They say that you can get used to the height, and working under gusts of wind a few tens of meters above the ground is just working conditions. And yet the profession of "industrial climber" is an adrenaline rush. And it doesn't suit everyone.

Bohdan Lutsyuk,
industrial climber, work experience - 10 years

I got into industrial mountaineering by chance. He studied at the university as an IT specialist, and as a student he came to the climbing wall. Artificial peaks were not immediately conquered, but the process “hooked” me. Gradually, I got into a circle of people who not only had fun in their free time at the climbing wall, but also earned money by working at height: washing windows and facades, installing air conditioners, small repair work, cutting down tall trees and even evacuating cats…
High-altitude workers are called to places where, for various reasons, it is impossible or completely unprofitable to set up scaffolding or adjust high-altitude equipment.

Constant training at the climbing wall was not in vain for me, and after a while I began to receive offers from friends to earn extra money. The document for work, confirming the qualifications of a climber, is required so far only one - a certificate of an industrial climber. I know that most climbers receive this document in training center UKCOM, and I have the same. So the hobby turned into a profession, I became an industrial climber.

How to get into the profession

The community of industrial climbers is quite small, almost everyone knows each other. Beginners, like me in my time, get into the profession by acquaintance. Not because this is some kind of elite employment, but because usually everything starts with a passion for mountaineering: someone trains at climbing walls, someone in the mountains. Probably, the feeling of height becomes a need, it draws you in, and you want your work to coincide with your hobby.

Many try to "come to high-altitude work from high-altitude sports." Such people are characterized by weak construction skills and are not able to fully identify the problem in the working area. In Moscow, they really train at the Professional Training Center. (Training period - from two weeks. Cost from 13,000 rubles).

The main problem is the huge number of those who bought certificates for 5000-6000 rubles, who do not give a damn about safety, equipment and are prone to risk in pursuit of what they think is “easy money”. All that such people eventually find is problems for the employer, customer, law enforcement and an unhindered path to another world. The climber makes a mistake once.

In our company, I recruit people over the age of 35 who have a construction qualification, have been trained and are not inclined to risk, since I am personally responsible for the safety of each member of the team.

Almost anyone can become an industrial climber. Of the restrictions on health, perhaps, only problems with the heart and head - both in the sense of healthy blood vessels, and in the sense of a normal psyche. The profession requires good physical preparation. There are no age restrictions. I've met industrial climbers over 50, it's all about how you feel.

Often industrial climbers go in for sports, strength and endurance are needed in our business. I do yoga, but more for the soul. There is plenty of physical activity at work. It just seems like you're not stressing. The work can be very difficult, stressful and always requires the utmost care and accuracy.

Altitude Rules
Altitude workers do not work alone - this is dangerous and is not allowed by the rules for working at height.

A law-abiding employer will not allow you to work without an annual recertification and with worn out or uncertified equipment.

Equipment and tools must be the best in their line, with a maximum service life.

A high-altitude climber needs to always be in excellent sports shape and extremely hardy, otherwise he will not pay off even a meter of a good rope with his work.

The climber must be able to recognize sudden changes in weather conditions.

Each high-altitude worker is required to have a first aid kit with him for first aid and the skill of evacuating a comrade from the working area, which not every rescuer, and even more so an ambulance, can reach.

Once I had an urgent night call. The wind ripped off the banner from the wall of the house, a heavy canvas with an area of ​​several square meters dangled and could break the windows of the residents. I secured myself, descended to the desired height and felt how the gusts of wind carried me from the wall by 2-3 meters. It was difficult to resist and unfasten the banner so that it did not end up breaking the windows. I dismantled the banner, not ideally, long enough for normal dismantling, but in those conditions as carefully as possible. This is one of the most dangerous challenges of my career.

Everything starts from the roof

We are looking for places for fixing on the roof: it can be an antenna, special beams for climbers. Rarely are there completely “bare” roofs, then we are attached to the fences. It is better not to one, but to several at once.

The safety of an industrial climber depends only on his attentiveness. Each knot on the equipment is better to check twice.

Work on faulty building cradles.

Working with a ladder.

Rescuing a cat from a tree.

Arborist work (tree care work).

Roof cleaning from snow and icicles.

Work in the areas of welding.

Every high-altitude climber must remember that there may be a person with deviant behavior in the building who is ready to cut his ropes. To prevent this, our company will consult with the district police officer about the nature of the residents at the work site before starting work.

Often grandmothers and people in a state of alcoholic or drug intoxication mistake high-altitude thieves for window guards.

Vladimir Shirshov, CEO company "Vysotnik"

We know better than the construction commission about the real state of Moscow buildings. Sometimes you have to work in emergency houses: you start to go down the wall, and a brick flies out from under your foot. In new buildings, it happens that the stucco falls off. We almost always feel violations of building codes. Climbers do not insure life and health, although, it would seem, given the risks of the profession, this is logical.

Dress code for an industrial climber

We buy all work equipment ourselves. Safety system, seat, descender, clamps, carabiners, ropes, special gloves for working with a rope ... You can buy a ready-made kit for 20,000-30,000 rubles. or even cheaper, or you can gradually assemble the equipment “for yourself”. More expensive, of course, but it's not a one-time waste. And it's definitely not worth saving on security.

An industrial climber may work for a company or for himself. In the first case, you can count on a salary of about 60,000 rubles. Often, percentages for night work, work during harmful conditions and winter work. This increases earnings, from 3500 to 6000, sometimes 7000 rubles. for a work shift. But a "free shooter" can earn twice as much. No company will pay that much.

I work as a freelancer - this gives me the opportunity to determine the degree of loading myself, and sometimes dictate my terms to the customer. Sometimes the work is dreary and not very interesting, but not difficult - you can do it alone. And some tasks require a team of climbers, and it is important to explain to the employer why one person is not enough. Over the years labor activity already appeared and business reputation, and communication, so there are no problems with orders. Although, of course, the crisis is felt. It's better for newcomers to work for someone now.

There is no special dependence on the season for industrial climbers. We work all year round. In winter, orders are slightly less.

Interviewed by Mila Kretova

Industrial mountaineering is a fairly popular and profitable type of business that does not require big investments. The only requirement is courage and knowledge of the specifics of high-altitude work. Remember that such specialists are always in demand. Especially in big cities, where many high-rise buildings have been built and there are large industrial facilities. High-rise works include the insulation of apartments from the outside, the repair of chimneys, and so on. In general, all work that is carried out at high altitude can be performed using industrial mountaineering techniques.

Competition in the industry

Of course, there are more and more daredevils who are ready to work at their best every year. Consequently, competition is also growing. Unfortunately, most of these hard workers are not professionals - they can be negligent in their duties and violate safety regulations. As a result, the number of accidents increases.

In general, there are not so many professional companies that would be engaged in such a craft. More - the usual "shabashniks" who got the necessary experience somewhere and decided to make a quick buck. They do not formalize their business and therefore cannot boast stable income. And the organization, to be honest, is lame. Often there are delays in the purchase of materials, the quality of work suffers, deadlines are stretched - all this leaves a negative impression of cooperation.

Shabashniks greatly hinder the development of a normal business, and first of all with their low prices. People stop working for someone, they feel free, and in order to get at least some kind of income, they are ready to work practically for free. When a representative of a reputable company approaches a customer with his prices, it is quite natural that his eyes widen. But quality work pays off over time. The customer receives a great guarantee and high quality. The contractor is forced to raise prices, because he needs to pay taxes to the state.

A little about advertising

It makes no sense to talk about traditional advertising in industrial mountaineering. It is much more efficient to "roll out" due to the quality of your work, i.e. using the recommendations of their clients. Practice shows that most issues are resolved at the level of personal communication. Of course, advertising in newspapers and the Internet has not been canceled - this will come in handy.

prospects

If we talk about the prospects in the field of high-altitude work, they are quite good, even despite the high saturation of the market. If a climber receives an order, then it must be completed with 100% efficiency. Otherwise, it is difficult to talk about further growth. At the same time, you can work not only in one city - constantly expand the geography of your presence. New clients will never be superfluous.

climbers salary

In connection with the increased danger of work, wages should be decent. On average, an industrial climber receives about 50-75 thousand rubles for his services. If you have to work on a business trip, then the amount increases.

How to become a specialist in this field? - Yes, it's very simple. It is necessary to take the appropriate courses and obtain a license. There are also courses, after which you can get the qualification of a high-altitude climber. If you hire personnel in a newly organized company, then special attention must be paid to their training. The person must be instructed practical course. At first, an experienced instructor should be next to the beginner, who will help to master the profession, help with advice in a difficult situation.

Profitability

The normal profitability of such a business is about 30-50 percent. But there are objects that do not bring profit, but allow you to get a good customer in the future with good pay in the future. If you're lucky, the profitability can even reach 80-90 percent. But the longer you work in the market, the higher the quality and the greater the profit becomes.

Business expenses

Industrial mountaineering is a relatively low-cost type of business. So, buying a paint compressor can cost 80-100 thousand rubles. At the same time, another 7-8 thousand will have to be invested monthly in it. Maintenance. Particular attention should be paid to power tools - they also need to be changed periodically.

conclusions

Over time, you can reach a serious level, start capital construction, recruit a large staff and even open branches. There are no limits to perfection. The main thing is to act.

Although industrial mountaineering is especially popular in Russian Federation began to use not so long ago, sometimes it is simply irreplaceable. Specialists in this field will be able to perform the task in conditions that do not allow the installation of special equipment. They will help wash windows from the outside, trim tree crowns, seal joints, and perform other important work on high. Not surprisingly, the services of climbers are in high demand.

This profession attracts someone with a special extreme and the desire to pass for a hero in the eyes of girls. Others want to make good money. Many want to learn how to become an industrial climber. This does not require special education, but this work is not suitable for everyone. Important conditions are not the fear of heights, physical strength as well as mountaineering skills. With the last requirement, special climbing or tourist circles will help. It is generally accepted that industrial mountaineering is a temporary job.

Why is it better to treat a promalp as a temporary job?

There are a number of reasons why industrial mountaineering should be treated as a part-time job rather than a stable job. Let's consider the most important of them. Sometimes companies involved in industrial mountaineering operate on the basis of tourist sections, which are open at higher and other educational institutions. That is why students work for them.

This decision is economically justified: young people are full of energy and ready to work hard for relatively low pay. In addition, the organization always has a wide range of potential employees.

It is well known that industrial mountaineering is one of the most dangerous professions, which is associated with great risk. With age, it becomes more and more difficult to withstand high loads, and when a family appears, the thrill fades into the background. The value of security is multiplied many times over.

The work of industrial climbers

Companies providing industrial mountaineering services perform the following work:

• installation of a drainage system from the roof;
• seam sealing;
• installation of antennas;
• banner sign;
• reconstruction of the building cladding;
• facade painting;
• installation of air conditioners;
• glass washing;
• cleaning snow from roofs.

In order to start working as an industrial climber, certain capital investments will be required. For the purchase of high-quality equipment, you will need to spend at least $ 300. Be sure to purchase:

Climbers perform work in groups of 2-10 people, the size of the team is determined by the type of work performed. It is good that specialists have been cooperating with each other for some time and know how to interact well. This is understandable - work at height requires good coordination.

As you can see, the work of an industrial climber is not easy and has a number of features. The money they earn is well deserved. Did you notice a rope outside the window? In no case do not pull on her! And if you plan to use the high-altitude services of companies, appreciate the work of their employees. In the event that you see how work is being done at height, it is better not to go beyond the fence. This way you can protect your health. After all, even a small pebble that falls from the ninth floor can hurt. What about heavier items?

Unified tariff and qualification

directory of jobs and professions of workers

Release 1

Occupations of workers common to all sectors of the national economy

(approved resolution State Committee for Labor of the USSR and the Secretariat of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions

(as amended October 12, 1987, December 18, 1989, May 15, June 22,

December 18, 1990, December 24, 1992, February 11, July 19, 1993, June 29, 1995,

Decree Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation dated May 17, 2001 N 40 this Handbook is supplemented by the profession "Industrial climber" of the 5th - 7th category

_ 277a. Industrial climber

5th category

Characteristics of works. Performing technological operations in unsupported space using climbing technologies in the production of repair and construction work on high-rise structures, radio and television towers, supports, bridges, chimneys, gas ducts, tunnel vaults, ice-breaking piers of bridges, etc. Carrying out audits, inspections and detection of defects in high-rise structures. Coating various surfaces with anti-corrosion materials. Production of painting works. Restoration of unique architectural objects, temples, monuments, domes, steles, facades of buildings and structures. Repair of cladding, architectural elements and decorations, balconies, cornices, storm drain roofs, etc. using lifting mechanisms: winches, hoists, guineas. Sealing of interpanel joints, replacement of drainpipes, window washing. Cleaning of mountain slopes near roads and railways, removal or fixing of dangerous, free-lying stones in areas of industrial activity. Mounting and dismantling of lifting and lowering equipment. Ensuring avalanche and rockfall safety during expeditions and excursions to hard-to-reach mountainous areas. Providing anti-avalanche measures. Carrying out work to ensure the safety of activities on mountainous terrain when filming films, holding public events, etc.

Must know:features of work and relevant documentation in the production of work at height; the main design features of the objects and the technology of the work performed; organization of rescue operations at height; methods of rendering first aid; rules for the safe use of ropes, cables, climbing equipment when performing work on high-altitude objects; test rules and MTBF standards for climbing equipment; device and principle of operation of manual and mechanical winches, hoists, guineas; signals and the procedure for their use when interacting with employees operating lifting mechanisms; application rules and basic properties of knots for connecting ropes, ropes and cables; organization of systems for lifting and lowering people and goods at height, moving in an unsupported space using climbing equipment, structural elements and mountainous terrain.

When performing gas or electric welding, plasma cutting, gunning at height together with helicopter crews- 6th category.

When performing work using electronic digital systems, radio range finders, magnetometers, gyrotheodolites, laser reflectors and devices with sources of radioactive radiation- 7th category.

Additional professional education required.