Wages are a form of remuneration for work and an important incentive for employees of the enterprise, performing reproductive and stimulating functions. The wage fund is a source of funds intended for payments wages and social benefits. The calculation of the payroll fund (POT) is based on tariff system, which allows to measure various specific types of labor, taking into account their complexity and conditions of performance.

To calculate wages, we accept the 4th category of work with the tariff coefficient krazr \u003d 1.48 and the second hourly tariff scale- with heavy and harmful conditions labor (ST = 38.56 rubles / hour)

Payroll planning is carried out according to two main forms of remuneration: time and piecework. The piecework form of remuneration is used to evaluate the work of the main workers with a standardized time for the execution of the technological process, given the norm of time tpcs in standard hours and the volume of work performed Vg.

With a piece-bonus system of remuneration, a worker-pieceworker or a team of workers, in addition to earnings at direct piece rates, is paid a bonus for the fulfillment and overfulfillment of the established quantitative and qualitative indicators provided for by the shop regulation on bonuses.

Piecework direct wages Zpsd.pr is calculated by the formula:

ZPsd. pr \u003d Сi. j P t pcs P Vg P (1 + ?DTK) P kR.K

where Сi. J \u003d St4 digit H k digit j -- hourly tariff rate 4 ranks of the worker;

krazr.j -- bit coefficient 4 bits of the worker;

t piece - piece rate of time i-th technological operation;

DTK - additional payments for hours worked, provided for by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation;

kР.К = 1.3 - district (zone) coefficient.

ZPsd. Pr \u003d 38.56? 1.48? 19.72? 3217? 1.6? 1.3 \u003d 7530435 rubles

The basic salary of piecework workers is calculated taking into account the additional payments for the hours worked, provided for by the tariff-qualification guide and the shop regulation on wages.

ZPSD.OSN = Сi. j P tpcs P Vg P (1 + kVYR + kQUAL + ? DTC)

where kVYR = 0.2 - the share of additional payments for the production of products by 100%;

kQUAL = 0.15 -- the share of additional payments for the production of products High Quality;

DН.В = 0.1 - coefficient of surcharges for night hours with a five-day period;

DU.T = 0.15x0.25 - coefficient of additional payments for working conditions;

DPR \u003d 0.1h0.2 - the coefficient of other surcharges according to the shop position.

ZPSD.OSN \u003d 38.56? 1.48? 19.72? 3217? (1 + 0.2 + 0.15 + 0.6) ? 1.3 \u003d 91777717 rubles.

Additional wages provide for payments for vacation time and other full-day absenteeism of workers for good reasons(except sick leave certificates), rub./year.

ZPDOP = ZPSD.OSN H kDOP, FOT = ZPSD.OSN + ZPDOP,

where kDOP = 0.14 is the coefficient of additional salary.

ZPDOP = 91777717 ? 0.14 \u003d 1284880 rubles;

FOT \u003d 91777717 + 1284880 \u003d 93062597 rubles.

Time wages are used to pay auxiliary and other categories of workers with irregular work, rub./year.

ZPPOVR. VSP \u003d Сi. j P FVN.R P FPVSP P (1 + ?DVSP) P kR.K

where? DVSP \u003d 0.55 - the total coefficient of additional payments to auxiliary workers for night hours, the severity and inconvenience of performing work, for reworking the schedule, working on weekends, and so on.

ZPPOVR. WSP = 38.56? 1.48? 2000? fourteen ? 1.55? 1.3 = 3219822 rubles

Payroll accruals from the payroll to social funds will be (Nsots.f):

Nsots.f \u003d UVOT? kini = 93062597 ? 0.28 = 26057527 rubles

where? FOT - the total wage fund, including the basic and additional wages of the main workers, rubles / year;

kNACH = 0.28 - total coefficient of social contributions

The results of calculations for planning the wages of the main workers are summarized in table 7.

Table 7

Calculation of the wage fund of the main workers

To check the correctness of the calculation of the wages of the main workers, we determine the average monthly wage of a listed worker:

ZP AVG.MONTH \u003d? PAYMENT / (CHPSP? 12) \u003d 10449984 / (34? 12) \u003d 25612 rubles.

ZPOpt AVERAGE.MONTH = Сi. j H FMONTH H (1 +? D DOS) H k R.K = 20036 rubles.

The pavement is great. With it, any site turns into a garden. Each owner of a country house tries to lay out footpaths and an access road from such tiles.

But making paving slabs with your own hands turns out to be more expensive and much longer than just buying a finished one. Let's find out why next.

A small plot requires about 80 sq.m. tiles. For parking one car 25 sq.m., recreation area 10 sq.m. and paths 600 cm wide and 70 meters long.

For 2015 in Perm, the average price of colored tiles is from 700 rubles per square meter. So the purchase paving slabs from the manufacturer will be 49,000 rubles plus transportation costs in the amount of 4,000 rubles.

Making paving slabs with your own hands is beneficial only to the unemployed

If you watch various videos on YouTube, then making the tile yourself is easier than nailing. Is it so? I decided to realize my old dream and make the tiles myself.

Capital investment:
- A large concrete mixer cost a year ago 8500 rubles. (now more expensive);
- Forms for paving slabs of the type "Brick" 50 pieces (1 sq.m.) x 50 rubles / piece. = 2500 rubles.
- A bag of red pigment (25 kg., Czech Republic) - 1800 rubles;
- A bag of plasticizer (30 kg.) - 750 rubles;
- 10 tons of sand - 6000 rubles;
- 10 tons of fine gravel - 10,000 rubles;
- An electric motor for a vibrating table * (second-hand) - 1000 rubles. ;
- Cement.

Total initial investment amounted to 28,550 rubles.

* - The vibrating table is 2 old tires, a flat base (pallet), an electric motor with an eccentric.

Your work is not free

Now, how do we calculate the cost of our labor. It's not free, as you might think.

If you are tiling work time, then 1 hour = 1 hour at work. Let's say that I have 1000 rubles per hour.

If you make tiles after work or on a day off, then we estimate 1 hour at 200 rubles.

The production time of one batch of paving slabs takes from 3 to 5 hours

It's only on YouTube for 1 form it takes 10 minutes. In fact, for filling 1 sq.m. paving slabs with your own hands, you need to make 3 batches of mortar, pour 50 molds, tamp them on a vibrating table, move them to a drying place, clean the tool.

You need to wait 3-4 days to get the molds without chips along the edges. Manufacturers of molds allow you to get it in a day. I got it - the corners fell off in places.

After extraction finished tiles you need to clean the molds from the remnants of the solution. From 30 minutes to an hour.

Summing up the total costs per 1 sq.m. paving slabs 6 cm thick, made by hand (at a minimum):
- 3 batches of mortar (sand 30 kg, gravel 60 kg, cement 30 kg, pigment and plasticizer) = 20 rubles. + 60 rub. + 150 rub. + 20 rub. = 250 rubles.
- 4 hours of work on a day off x 200 rubles. = 800 rubles.
The total is 1050 rubles per square meter! And also wait 3-4 days until the cement gains strength and about 4 weeks so that you can put it.

Our area will require 80 sq.m. x 1050 rub. = 84,000 rubles. + the cost of forms and concrete mixers in the amount of 11,000 rubles.

Many months of work!

To produce the required 80 sq.m. paving slabs will take eight (!) months. Only a complete idiot would make tiles on his own.

Output

Paving slabs are easier and cheaper to buy than to make them yourself. With the exception of two cases: you do not work anywhere and you have plenty of time, or you simply have nothing to do in the country. It is better to pour everything with tinted concrete on your own.

I made 2 sq. meters. Tired of waiting and washing forms. Removed everything and forgot about this nonsense.

• Sales technology

A sample business plan for the production of paving slabs on a mini-enterprise scale. Paving slabs are a popular material that is widely used in paving streets and territories. Paving slabs have several advantages over asphalt pavement.

Paving slabs are a popular material that is widely used in paving streets and territories. Paving slabs have several advantages over asphalt pavement:

• Longer period of use (up to 30 years);
• Environmental friendliness, since only safe components are used in the production of tiles;
• Strength, the material is not damaged by temperature and humidity changes, and also withstands heavy loads;
• Colorful appearance and unique design.
  

Today there is a large selection of equipment for the production of paving slabs from manual to automatic lines. The production itself can be organized in almost any room with an area of ​​80 m2. With the production of 1000 m2 of paving slabs per month, two workers can handle it.

Do I need permission to start production?

To organize the production of paving slabs, it is enough to register individual entrepreneurship. As tax systems the best option is the simplified taxation system (STS), 6% of revenue or 15% of profit.

Let's calculate the main indicators economic efficiency production of paving slabs by vibrocasting.

Introductory information:

• Production area: 90m2;
• Type of ownership: rent (25 thousand rubles/month);
• Number of shifts: 1 shift;
• Productivity per shift: 50 m2 tiles or 1100 m2 per month;
• Number of working days in a month: 22 days.
  

How much money is needed for a business in the production of paving slabs

Capital costs for starting a business for the production of paving slabs will amount to 358,500 rubles.

Download business plan for the production of paving slabs

The cost of materials for the production of 1 m2 of paving slabs is 169.36 rubles.

Salary costs will amount to 32,000 rubles per month.

The cost of production of 1 m2 of paving slabs is 252.8 rubles. The total expenses per month are 278,036 rubles.

How much can you earn in the production of paving slabs

Output: The net profit of the enterprise for the production of paving slabs will amount to 137.6 thousand rubles per month. The profitability of production with such indicators is 49.5%, and the payback period for capital investments is only 2.6 months. It is worth considering that such indicators are possible subject to 100% sales of all manufactured products, which is 1100 m2 of paving slabs per month.

Recommended download business plan for the production of paving slabs with our partners, with a guarantee of quality. This is a complete finished project which you will not find in the public domain. The content of the business plan: 1. Confidentiality 2. Summary 3. Stages of the project implementation 4. Characteristics of the object 5. Marketing plan 6. Technical and economic data of the equipment 7. Financial plan 8. Risk assessment 9. Financial and economic justification of investments 10. Conclusions

Step-by-step opening plan, where to start

A significant advantage in organizing a business for the production of paving slabs is the absence of the need to obtain special licenses and mandatory certification.

In this regard, it is necessary to draw up a business plan taking into account the following factors:

• Registration of an individual entrepreneur or LLC, depending on the volume of sales and production.
• Selection of premises for production.
• Purchase and installation of the necessary equipment.
• Selection and training of personnel.
• Adjusting the sale of products to the sales market, setting up agreements for deliveries with sales representatives.

What equipment is needed for the production of paving stones

It is possible to establish mass production of paving slabs only if high-quality equipment is available. You will need to purchase:

• Forming and unforming vibrating tables.
• Plastic molds to create the desired tile sizes.
• Special additives of minerals to the composition of concrete, strengthening its structure and giving the desired parameters.
• Various dyes.

Do not forget to organize the purchase of raw materials for production - cement, sand and crushed stone.

Which OKVED to indicate when registering a business

When submitting documents for registration of an individual entrepreneur, it is necessary to indicate the OKVED code 2. 23.6: production of products from concrete, cement and gypsum.

What documents are needed to open

Registration of a business will require registration of an individual entrepreneur or LLC. In the first case, a businessman must submit a notarized application for business registration indicating the OKVED code, a photocopy of the passport and IND code, as well as a receipt for payment state duty. If you want to additionally obtain a quality certificate, then you need to contact the appropriate organization, which will conduct an analysis for compliance with GOST, identifying indicators of humidity, frost resistance, mechanical strength, etc.

Which taxation system to choose

In most cases, entrepreneurs register a business by choosing a single tax on imputed income. A simplified taxation system would also work.

Sales technology

You can sell tiles immediately after setting up production, according to samples. Samples of tiles should be prepared at the enterprise so that the buyer can orientate in advance on the assortment. You should not focus on one type, but it is better to produce paving slabs different sizes and different types.

In addition to selling, it is desirable to provide Additional services: transportation, installation and design projects. This will increase the profitability of the business by 20-30%. You can expand your client base through advertising: placing city banners, as well as creating and posting information on a website on the Internet.

Production of paving slabs: business plan step by step + 5 types of tiles + 3 production methods + detailed investment calculations.

Capital investment: 968 800 rubles.
Payback period: 3 months.

Production of paving slabs - profitable business with a long-term development perspective.

The infrastructure of modern cities requires constant replenishment of reserves of building materials, including paving slabs.

Why paving slabs? Because this is a business that is always relevant. Think about how many sidewalks are tiled in your city. The building materials market is always in demand + the pace of infrastructure development is increasing, which implies an increase in the need for consumables.

Own production of tiles is an expensive business, because the cost of quality equipment starts at $5,000. home positive side is a profitability of over 100%.

Do you have money and desire to open own production paving slabs? Let's start building now!

Production of paving slabs - let's start with marketing

To begin with, you should answer a few basic questions about promoting any product:

1. What to sell?
2. To whom to sell?
3. What price to set?

The right answers to these questions can form the perfect marketing sales plan. Start from the first.

What to sell?

Pavement tiles? This is not the answer that will give you a competitive advantage.

You need to decide on a specific product. Initially, you will have a small production line - you should not spray it.

Consider the main types of tiles, and choose the option that suits you:

View	a brief description of
Sidewalk paving stones	The surface of the tile is hard and frost-resistant, the composition includes granite chips. Rectangular, or chipped shape, the lower and side faces are smooth, the color scheme is mostly strict. Reusable, resistant to mechanical damage is possible.
crumb rubber tiles	The composition includes rubber crumb + polyurethane adhesive. The shape and size may vary depending on the scope of use. It is used for children's and sports grounds, places with an increased risk of injury.
reinforced	High strength tiles. Inside there is a wire mesh, which can significantly increase the mechanical resistance of the product. It is produced only by vibrocasting. It is frost-resistant, observes a strict design, is used for laying parking lots, entrances to factory buildings.
Polymer sand	Consists of polymer, sand and pigment. Lightweight and frost-resistant, it is used for laying pedestrian areas. The only negative is the low strength. The production method is distinguished by the use of high pressure to increase the homogeneity of the mixture.
3D design	Paving slabs with 3D print. The peculiarity lies in the resistance of the print to mechanical damage and all kinds of weather conditions. In terms of its physical qualities, it does not differ in any way from the most ordinary paving slabs.

So, the production of paving stones for sidewalks is the best solution for a novice entrepreneur.

Paving stones are easy to manufacture, popular both in the city and in the private sector. Simplicity sells well. Simple forms appeal to most potential buyers.

To whom to sell?

The market for paving slabs is limited by the scope of application.

Think about where you could find tiles? Obviously on the sidewalks! Do you understand that it is advisable to use paving slabs only for laying city roadsides, or to use private sector areas for decoration?

We determine the list of possible customers:

• State utility structures that are engaged in ennoblement of the city.
• Construction companies.
• Owners of private houses.

Which of them to focus on?

Of course, the best customer is government agencies. They will provide you with constant sales volumes.

But, as a beginner, you do not have the necessary status and the opportunity to immediately get into the ranks of the leaders.
The target audience The project to be considered in this guide is the private sector.

Owners of private buildings buy considerable volumes of tiles. It gives a certain status to the "estate" and contributes to comfortable movement in the yard in any weather.

What price to set?

Vibratory pressing. This way will allow the entrepreneur to increase the volume of goods. But at the same time, you will have to pay a fairly substantial amount for equipment for the production of paving slabs.

Financial issue: equipment for the production of paving slabs

Buy a new vibropress or find a used one - actual question for a budding entrepreneur.

Compare prices for all major equipment and draw the appropriate conclusions:

Equipment	Cost, rub.)	Purpose
vibropress	~ 500 000	Production of paving slabs. Depending on the shape of the matrix, it can be used to produce blocks and other building materials from concrete mortar. Due to the vibration and influence of the punch, the solution is converted into a dense structure.
hyperpress	450 000	Allows you to form tiles using high hydraulic pressure, thereby compacting the mixture to the desired hardness.
vibrating table	30 000	The solution in the matrix solidifies due to prolonged exposure to vibration. At the output, we get a tile that needs to undergo a long drying.
The form	100	Formation of a product of the specified parameters. Forms are made of plastic, which ensures durability and functionality + resistance to the influence of the solution.
Rack	2 750	Size: 2000x300x1000 mm. Used to place the tiles in the drying process. The basis - steel. The rack must be able to withstand the appropriate load.
concrete mixer	14 000	With the help of a concrete mixer, the mortar acquires a uniform consistency, which avoids the difference in the composition of the finished tile.

A complete production line costs from 50,000 to 800,000 r. Equipment for the production of paving slabs using a vibropress will cost 520 000 rubles.

1) Forms for the production of paving slabs.

Consider a comparative table that will give you an idea of ​​the main types of forms depending on the composition:

Composition	Peculiarities
Metal	Sturdy, simple design. If you have experience with welding and metal, you can try to make a mold yourself. Problem: The constant influence of water on the metal leads to rapid corrosion. It is important to use stainless steel.
Wood	Affordable cost, you can easily assemble yourself using plywood and wooden slats. Easy to modify. Problem: The wood becomes saturated with moisture and swells, making it difficult to remove the tile. Polyethylene bedding can be used to avoid direct contact of the mortar with the wood.
Plastic	Forms are light, strong enough, but short-lived, since plastic does not have the best strength indicators . It is impossible to make a mold on your own - working with liquid plastic is very difficult.
Silicone	Flexible molds capable of withstanding 50 to 100 cycles of use. High-quality silicone allows you to create tiles of any shape, which is a huge plus.

Before each tile manufacturer, the question arises - is it possible to make a mold yourself?

The standard mold is used 50 (plastic) to 200 (metal) times.

To avoid big expenses, you can make forms yourself. The best material is metal or wood. Savings - 50%. But if you are not confident in your abilities as a designer, the best way out is to buy a ready-made form.

Independent production of molds makes sense only if a vibrating table is used as the main production method. Assembling a matrix for a vibropress on your own is not best idea because you won't be able to stick to the process from start to finish.

2) Machine for the production of paving slabs.

The cost of a vibropress ranges from 300,000 to 500,000 rubles. Not the most profitable price for the new entrepreneur! Is it possible to find an alternative to a new tile making machine?

A used machine costs 40-50% less than a new one. But it is important to understand that such savings in the early stages of production will lead to future expenses for repairs + may result in a complete stoppage of work.

Does a machine for the production of paving slabs with such an appearance inspire confidence in you?

Is risk a noble cause?

This is up to you to decide. Remember that the idle operation of the mini-factory will lead to a decrease in efficiency. The best solution- do not save and buy a new press, which will ensure the smooth operation of the enterprise.

How do you decide on a space?

What should be considered when choosing a room?

Remember, you need to consider the location of the warehouse and workshop in the same room. For these purposes, you need 100-120 square meters. m.

Obviously, the production of paving slabs at home is nonsense.

1. Ceiling height >3 m.

Water supply.

Water is essential both for concrete molding and for hygienic purposes.

2. Electricity - 3 phases.

The presence of space zoning.

It is necessary to separate the workshop area with a warehouse and a hygienic corner.

Convenient access to the warehouse.

You are engaged in the production of tiles, the transportation of which is not an easy task. Take care of your customers - organize a comfortable entrance.

Rental price 1 sq. m. warehouse - 150 rubles. Respectively, room of 100 sq. m. will cost 15,000 rubles / month.

Paving slab making staff

For the work of the workshop, which produces 50 square meters. m. of tiles per day using a vibropress, you need to hire 3 employees:

The work of a sales manager and an accountant will fall on your shoulders. When the company starts to bring stable income, you can hire specialists for these positions.

Beginners in the production of paving slabs

often make many mistakes due to ignorance of technology.

Important secrets from the manufacturer in this video will help you avoid them!

Production of paving slabs: equipment, personnel, premises - financial calculations

968,800 rubles - starting capital for opening a tile production. And how much money do you need to lay out for monthly infusions?

Monthly investment in tile production

Every month, production will take 383,000 rubles from you.

Profitability calculation

• 50 sq. m. of tiles per day - 1,500 sq. m. per month;
• 1 sq. m. costs 550 rubles;
• "dirty" income will be - 825,000 rubles;
• "clean" - 442,000 rubles;
• payback - 3 months.

Profitability is very high, which allows you to achieve payback in 3 months and then work to expand production. This is the most obvious plus of this business idea.

You have learned the basics of organizing production of paving slabs. Business plan is only a small fraction of practical implementation project. Explore technological process, the legislative component and start working on your case today.

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When ennobling any territory, one cannot do without a comfortable and beautiful pavement. Production of paving slabs as a business: profitability, a plan with income and cost calculations in a review for start-up entrepreneurs.

Pros and cons of paving slab business

Paving slabs - popular construction material for arranging paths and playgrounds in a wide variety of places:

• city ​​parks, squares, roads, squares;
• area in front of shops and other business enterprises;
• yards in private and apartment buildings.

The competition in this sector of the economy is very high, but the huge volumes of consumption allow all manufacturers of high-quality paving stones to make a profit.

Entrepreneurs are attracted by the following points:

1. Lack of permission to open your own business.
2. Simplicity of legal registration.
3. The need for a small number of employees.
4. Simple technological process.
5. An opportunity to earn additional income from the provision of tile laying services.
6. High level of profitability.

The negatives include:

• Seasonality - most of the production falls on the warm season, since in winter a small amount of construction work is carried out.
• The same type and monotonous work - in connection with this, staff turnover is possible.
• Expensive equipment - paving stones are produced on a large scale using machines costing up to half a million rubles.

You can download a business plan for the production of paving slabs with calculations at.

Tile production business plan

In order not to miss anything when starting a paving slab project, you must adhere to the following action plan:

1. Marketing research of the market.
2. Study of tile production technology.
3. Company registration.
4. Room rental.
5. Purchase of equipment and materials.
6. Search for workers.
7. Organization of advertising and sales.
8. Calculation of profitability.

To save time, you can do several things at the same time, for example, purchase equipment and hire workers.

The owner of the production of paving slabs may need a business plan in case of involvement borrowed money- bank loan or non-commercial loan.

Marketing

There are many varieties of tiles on the market that differ in characteristics and production methods. Starting "from scratch" the release of several types at once is expensive and risky. It is better to determine the most demanded goods and only after the enterprise begins to bring a stable profit, expand production.

You can identify a sales leader both on your own and by ordering a study of a marketing company. Also at this stage, it is necessary to determine the lower and upper price limits for tiles in order to be able to compete without harming their own business.

Another option is possible: if any niche turns out to be free during the analysis of the market, then if there is demand, you can take a strong position in the production of unique products.

Technology

There are three main types of coverage:

• Ordinary concrete tile, which is paved with sidewalks and paths. Color and shape can be very varied, even with 3D designs.
• Tile from polymer plastic. With the help of additives, it is given the necessary properties - frost resistance, reinforcement, water resistance. At polymer tiles longer service life, it is easier to process and more pleasant to operate than concrete.
• Soft paving slabs. The basis for production is shredded car tires. Such a coating is used in the arrangement of sports fields, outdoor pools and other traumatic places. The tile can withstand a wide range of temperatures, is highly resistant to adverse environment, has a non-slip rubber surface.

In production, two approaches are used:

1. Vibrocasting is a simple and cheap method of manufacturing tiles that are not very durable and of high quality. First, it is prepared in a concrete mixer concrete mix from cement, crushed stone, sand and additives. Then the mixture is poured into molds on a vibrating table, which works until the tile surface is moistened. The molds are dried on pallets in the room for two days, then they are heated for several minutes to 60ºС-70ºС to remove the tiles on a vibrating table. In the process of heating and knocking out the matrix, cracks and chips can form on the paving stones, especially if unskilled labor and cheap equipment are used.
2. Vibropressing and hyperpressing - this method uses expensive equipment, but the tiles are of high quality. As with vibrocasting, a molding sand is prepared, which is compacted with a vibropress or hydraulic press. Such a tile is dried for 8-9 hours in a natural way or 5-6 hours with hot steam. Because manual labor reduced to a minimum, there are practically no defective products.

To produce high-quality tiles, you need to consider the following nuances:

• Polymer molds are processed on first use special tool that removes static charge. In the future, it is desirable to apply lubrication with emulsol and, after finishing the manufacture of tiles, rinse with a 7% solution of hydrochloric acid.
• To preserve moisture in the tile during drying, it is covered with a film. But then the drying time increases.

The finished paving stones are carefully laid on wooden pallets, fixed with film and tape. Store tiles in a dry, warm and well-ventilated warehouse.

Legal registration

The business owner can register as individual entrepreneur or open a society with limited liability. Next, you need to get registered with the Federal Tax Service and social funds. The simplified taxation system makes it possible to submit reports once a year with the payment of tax as a percentage of revenue and fixed social contributions.

No special permissions are required to operate. If it is necessary to issue a quality certificate to the customer for a tile, you must provide a product sample to the certification service.

room

The manufacture of paving slabs as a business cannot be carried out at home - for the location of equipment and storage finished products on an industrial scale, a room with an area of ​​\u200b\u200bat least 70 square meters is required. m. In the industrial zone of any city there is a free workshop or a suitable warehouse at an affordable price.

Basic requirements for a mini-factory:

1. Availability of communications - water supply, sewerage, electricity.
2. Insulated premises and availability of heating, if it is planned not to stop production during the cold season.
3. Change house for workers or the possibility of self-arrangement of a residential area.
4. Separate areas for production and warehouse.
5. High ceilings.
6. Fitted for freight transport access road.

It is advisable to find a room near the wholesale bases selling raw materials for production in order to save on delivery.

Equipment and raw materials

The list of necessary equipment for any production technology includes:

• concrete mixer (for the manufacture of two-layer tiles you need 2 pieces);
• matrices of various types in the amount of 150-200 pieces (there are metal, plastic, wood, silicone);
• container for washing forms;
• a heated container for removing tiles from the matrix;
• racks for drying tiles;
• pallets for storage of finished products;
• packaging tools and accessories;
• scales;
• hydraulic trolley for moving pallets with tiles.

Depending on the method of making pavers, you will need:

1. Vibrating table.
2. Hydropress.

New equipment is quite expensive (from 100,000 to 500,000 rubles), used equipment is 30-40 percent cheaper. A vibrating table and iron molds can be made on your own if you have experience in mechanical engineering and the ability to work with metal. But at the same time, the production technology and the quality of the finished product are called into question.

If there is a free start-up capital you can purchase a ready-made tile production line for 800,000 rubles. - 1,000,000 rubles

Raw materials for concrete pavers are cheap and readily available. Recipe for the manufacture of 1 square. m. paving slabs 6 cm high:

This is the most common composition among manufacturers. Also, in the manufacture, you can use crumb rubber, glue, wire mesh, polymers, clay.

An important point: in order to obtain consistently high-quality products, the components for the preparation of the mixture must be of the same brand and manufacturer.

Staff

The number of required workers at the plant for the production of paving stones depends on the planned production volumes. For example, for production by vibrocompression 50 sq. m. paving per shift will require 3 people:

• machine worker;
• handyman;
• loader.

Administrative work, marketing and accounting activities at the enterprise at first can be performed by the owner. After the plant becomes profitable, it makes sense to hire specialists.

Particular attention should be paid to safety, to give workers overalls and protective equipment.

Sales of products

For a novice entrepreneur, the main buyers of paving slabs are the owners of private houses and outlets. To receive an order from construction company product certification will be required.

The first customers may be acquaintances or relatives who need to ennoble the territory. You need to look for orders through advertisements in local newspapers, the construction press, information portals in the Internet. A good result is participation in specialized fairs and exhibitions and contacts with supply agents for construction companies.

Sometimes customers receive orders for tiles with laying. To provide turnkey services, you can conclude an agreement with the installation company or hire workers for each case.

To attract major customers, you need to make discounts, for example, when buying a certain amount of products, offer free shipping and provide a performance guarantee.

Video: how to open a paving slab business?

Economic calculations

To determine the amount of investment in a tile project, you need to make a cost-income calculation and calculate whether it is profitable to engage in this business.

Starting production by vibrocompression includes the following costs:

Half of the investment is the cost of purchasing equipment. Vibratory casting technology does not use expensive equipment and you can start a business with 700,000 rubles available. — 750,000 rubles.

Fixed costs in the manufacture of paving stones per month consist of:

The cost of 1 square. m. paving slabs will cost the entrepreneur 280 rubles. In the course of work, additional costs may arise for equipment repairs, product certification, incentive payments to employees, etc.

The income of the plant will depend on the volume of production and sale of tiles. Presumably, with a production rate per day of 50 sq. m. of paving stones and sales of 80% for 600 rubles, the monthly turnover will be:

With such calculations, investments will pay off in 4 months - this is a very high figure for production. If you also provide tile laying services, then the profitability will be even higher.