Currently, the car wash business is popular with those who want to start their own business. Everything is explained simply: although the opening of a car wash is associated with certain troubles, they are fully paid off with a fairly high income.

Dear readers! The article talks about typical solutions legal issues but each case is individual. If you want to know how solve exactly your problem- contact a consultant:

APPLICATIONS AND CALLS ARE ACCEPTED 24/7 and 7 days a week.

It's fast and FOR FREE!

Other reasons for popularity include the fact that the number of cars in the country is growing, and increasing requirements make it necessary to wash the bodies of foreign cars more often.

Types of car washes

Today, car washes are represented by numerous variations. Each of them has its own characteristics and benefits. Before embarking on the implementation of a business idea, you should choose which modification of a car wash is easier to open.

standard wash

The manual type of car washing is performed by people using water, car shampoo, as well as sponges, brushes, rags, and so on. Of course, it takes a lot of time to service one car, but this is the most inexpensive option, and the most popular among our mostly conservative population.

Building a traditional car wash is not an easy process. It will take several months, and the collection of permits can even take years. But it is perhaps the fastest payback option.

Automatic brush wash

This is a type of contact washing, in which special automatic installations do the work instead of people. The car is cleaned with pressurized water, hot foam and rotating brushes, then protective wax is applied and the car is dried.

The construction and purchase of equipment for such a car wash is more expensive than a classic car wash, but it can serve many more cars in equal time.

The main thing is to watch and not save on brushes, as cheap and hard ones can easily leave scratches on the car's surface. The payback of such a sink will be an average of 12-18 months.

Automatic touchless car wash

It is carried out using active foams, the main layer of dirt is washed off with water under pressure, then active foam is applied to remove everything else, and the foam itself is washed off by the next stream of water, then a protective polish is applied.

The advantage of such a wash is the least damage to the body coating compared to others, and high throughput.

Such a wash is clearly not for our climate, since active foam may not be able to cope with severe pollution. Therefore, in Russia, the construction of such a car wash will not bring the desired profit, besides, the prices for equipment are not encouraging.

Without water (dry wash)

For cleaning, a special shampoo-polish is used, which softens the dirt and ensures the integrity of the paintwork, it is carried out by the motorist himself.
Its disadvantage is that it is inconvenient to process hard-to-reach places of the car. Therefore, it is used to maintain cleanliness between two sessions of water washing. Dry washing will be a good addition to classic or brush car washes.

Self service

This is an open type sink. Its main difference from the standard one is that the client himself washes his car, using regular washing equipment for this. And he pays not for the service as a whole, but for the time spent at the car wash. Among car owners, such car washes are gaining more and more popularity, since you can manage to wash your car for 100 rubles or even less.

For entrepreneurs, opening such a car wash is also attractive because it does not require much effort and financial costs than, for example, opening a manual or automatic car wash.

Truck wash

The majority of clients are truck drivers. If you find a good place with a lot of flow trucks, the business will quickly go uphill and pay off in the first six months.

It is better not to build a full-fledged building, but to purchase a portable sink. This option is the simplest and most profitable. Or rent a hangar, but then you have to bring communications if they were not provided.

Mobile car wash

A modern modification of the sink, which, if necessary, can be transported to a new location. It is assembled from sandwich panels, it takes about ten days to install. The cost of such a car wash in the area 1.5 million rubles, however, a quick payback (about six months) makes such a project very attractive.

In this case, the collection of the necessary documentation will not take even a week before its commissioning. This is the fastest and easiest way to open if you have the right amount.

Aspects of activity

What does it take to open a car wash? In fact, there is nothing complicated in running such a business, you only need a few boxes, fairly simple equipment, and all this will bring the owner an income of 100 thousand rubles. per month.

The main risks are fines from sanitary and epidemiological supervision in case of violations of the rules for draining or damage to the car during the wash, for which you will have to pay compensation.

In addition, seasonality is clearly noticeable in this type of activity, so in summer, when the streets are clean and dry, customers do not appear often, in winter too, because dirt serves as protection against reagents, which are very numerous on the roads thanks to city services. Queues appear mainly in the off-season.

Customer characteristics

Almost every car owner prefers to move around in a clean car. There are owners, especially older people, who wash their "iron horse" on their own in the yard, but most use car washes for this purpose.

These are people of average and above income with high demands: businessmen, managers, doctors, taxi drivers and especially ladies.

The corporate segment, where there are good car parks, is very important in the washing business. It is necessary to skillfully use the fact that many people prefer to wash the vehicle in one place, and corporate clients prefer to be served by one service provider.

Staff

Another important point is the solution of the issue with personnel, in order to wash cars you do not need to have special knowledge, therefore, as a rule, they pay little for it, despite the fact that it is very difficult. You can hire students for the summer, but this is a temporary solution.

The most serious problem is constant maintenance quality. After all, it is not necessary to wash cars perfectly every time, but all employees must work “for four”.

The attention of workers is dulled due to high humidity, temperature fluctuations in winter that occur during the entry or exit of the car from the box, the monotony of work. The result of this inattention can be a minimum - stating claims by customers, a maximum - payment for an insignificant but expensive body repair due to scratches.

The next problem is theft. If employees cannot be influenced morally, then you need to deprive them of the opportunity to appropriate money, this can be done, either to exclude the washer from the process of paying for services, entrusting money matters to the administrator, or to install cameras.

Equipment

The set of equipment will depend on the specifics of your car wash and the list of services it offers. When choosing equipment, it is better to pay attention to European manufacturers. Pay attention to products Karcher , PORTOTECNICA, their quality is highly appreciated by the owners of car washes.

Standard list of equipment to be purchased immediately:

• high pressure washer;
• floor washing machine;
• system with circulating water supply;
• equipment for interior dry cleaning;
• vacuum cleaner;
• steam generator;
• cleaning device for car wash.

List of services (basic and additional)

To the list basic services your sink will include:

• vehicle wash;
• motor wash;
• body polishing;
• interior dry cleaning;
• wet or dry interior cleaning.

Every decent car wash opens up small rest areas for visitors, where while the car is being washed, car owners can drink coffee, watch TV or read a magazine. According to statistics, today it is such a free service that plays a decisive role when choosing a car wash for a customer.

In addition, entire car services are often created on the basis of car washes. This includes gas station, service station, tire fitting, auto parts store, cafe. Your car wash with such neighbors will be the most tempting for customers. After all, the owner of the car will be able to fully service his car by visiting only one place, and this is very convenient. Saving fuel and time is obvious, everyone benefits from such cooperation.

Where to open a car wash?

There are many ideas for opening a car wash, so if you don’t want to come up with something of your own, you can choose one of the existing ones.

in garages

The most popular idea— is to use under the car wash garages. It consists in renting several cooperative garages, which would be located near the highway, in an area where there is good traffic and there are service centers nearby. After that, the garages are adapted for a car wash, the necessary equipment is purchased, modifications are made to the design and communications are carried out.

It is good if there are residential buildings and a communications service nearby. Then all that remains is to take care of the entrance to the sink, pave it with asphalt, hang ads nearby, for example, banners, and come up with a twist that would make your sink stand out from many others. For example, offer a special service that allows people to wash their own car for half the cost of a regular car wash.

Of course, there are experts who are skeptical about this option. Some believe that garages are not reliable enough for this type of activity. In particular, they will not be able to withstand the effects of dampness for a long time and will partially collapse. There are also difficulties with the reorientation of non-core premises for the needs of a car wash. Because of all these cons, experts advise either renting a car wash or building one yourself.

On the outskirts

Another idea is to open a car wash, which would be located outside the city limits, not far from a gas station or a motel, for example.

For construction, you can use lightweight structures, such as hangars, then the construction will be quite fast and inexpensive.

In the room, it is better to allocate several zones in which they will carry out active washing, rinsing, drying, cleaning the interior, as well as a place where employees will rest.

In a large area of ​​the city

The best option would be to open a car wash in prestigious areas of the city where people drive good cars and are willing to give good money to keep them clean.

But there is one caveat: it is mega difficult to get permission to open it. And it is almost impossible to find an unclaimed place in the center.

in the parking lot

Almost all large shopping centers already have car washes in underground parking lots. This is very convenient: the visitor can leave his car for washing, and take a walk around the center for groceries.

In elite houses, car washes in the parking lot are also in good demand. It must be taken into account that it is necessary to provide for good communications and cleaning systems. The profitability of this idea largely depends on the number of parking spaces.

On your own plot, in a private house

But what if you open a car wash on your own plot to save on land rent? But there is a catch.

The fact is that according to land legislation, each piece of land must be exploited strictly in accordance with its purpose.

You can only obtain permission to build a car wash on a site that is allowed for use. Therefore, agricultural land will not become the basis for opening a car wash.

In the village

The idea of ​​opening a car wash in a village is quite risky. In small towns, as a rule, the number of car owners is insignificant. And it should be understood that the villagers prefer to wash their "Lada" on their own in nearby water bodies.

But a car wash in the village, which is located near a busy highway not far from the city, can be a good option. Provided that you can offer additional services to tired motorists.

How to start opening?

Analysis of starting opportunities

It is better to start a business with an analysis of starting opportunities, that is, the amount that you can spend on opening a car wash.

If this amount is less than one hundred and fifty thousand rubles, then instead of buying it is better to rent boxes.

At the same time, renting has both pros and cons. If the car wash was unprofitable, then before renting it, it is worth analyzing the reasons, because if it is a matter of low traffic, high competition, problems with communications or supervisory authorities, then it is wiser to look for better options.

On the other hand, a ready-made car wash is focused on this type of business and the premises will not require additional costs. And to organize an influx of customers and resolve misunderstandings with inspections is quite within the power of an energetic businessman.

Organizational and legal form of business

Registration as an individual entrepreneur or LLC is a mandatory procedure for opening any business.

In the case of a car wash, it is better to give preference to IP.

In this case, you will avoid many problems with the collection of documents and save a lot of time.

The most popular among small businesses is the simplified system (STS). It is in most cases recommended for starting your own business. The advantages of this option: there is always a choice - to pay 6% of all income received - "dirty", or to pay 15% of the "net" profit. The second option, according to experts, will make the business much more profitable.

Permits

After a specific place is chosen and preliminary consent is received from the city authorities, the most interesting thing begins, namely, obtaining permits. This task is quite complex and the term for its implementation can stretch up to a couple of years.

You will need to go through the following steps:

1. First, a petition is submitted to the city administration, which will include a sketch of the washing project, written permission from firefighters, SES and the architectural department.
2. If there are no problems with the above and the administration gives its consent, then it's time to move on to the next stage, that is, to draw up an architectural design for the task.
3. Then you need to get an examination from the fire inspectorate.
4. Along with this, it is necessary to knock out “Yes” from architects, sanitary and epidemiological supervision, labor protection and nature protection services.

After all of the above items are completed, you can draw up an act for permanent or temporary possession of land, and then obtain written permission to start construction.

If a rented industrial premises is used for your car wash, the collection of permits will be significantly reduced. You can immediately proceed to the stage of conducting all the necessary examinations.

Environmental nuances

If we analyze the main reasons for the bankruptcy of car washes, we can identify the main miscalculations that businessmen make.

First of all, it may be a sewerage problem. At first, it is decided on a personal level with the supervisory authorities, however, if complaints from residents of nearby houses are received continuously, then the business will not stay here for a long time. The cardinal solution to the problem is a professional solution for choosing a treatment plant.

The filtration system should depend on the area in which the sink will be located. So, at the entrance to the city from the side of a dacha or hunting grounds, washing technologies are needed not the same as in the center locality. Jeeps, of course, are not afraid of dirt, but it is more difficult to clean it from them than from lightly splattered women's cars.

Your future relationship with environmental inspections depends on what equipment you purchase. Minimum installation cost fifty thousand rubles and the maximum depends on the required level of cleaning. So, cleaning a car requires about 60 liters water, and a large vehicle such as a jeep is about 160 liters, therefore, the price should be flexible, which will not scare away customers. So it’s worth starting planning with the choice of a cleaning system.

Cleaning filters for car washes are small portable units used both locally and as additional filters for an already installed treatment plant system. Water purification is carried out by a stepwise method. Thanks to the circulation tank, a reverse cycle of water use is formed, and the release of water into the sewer becomes minimal. Water passes through the filters repeatedly, which allows for maximum purification from pollutants.

Such a system allows to drastically reduce the amount of waste, and, accordingly, costs. The water treatment system operates at a temperature of at least + 5C, so in the cold season it will only work in a heated box.

Business development

Opening a car wash does not automatically mean profit, for this you still need to work. There are several techniques that allow you to quickly and effectively increase profits.

Customer acquisition

To provide a car wash with a profit, you need to find money customers for it. This is possible regardless of the size of the city and its location, because everywhere there is a wealthier circle of car owners.

In addition to profit from a single visit, it is important to take care of long-term relationships. After all, it is better to secure a car enthusiast as a permanent source of income than to attract a new one every time. To do this, you need to create an attractive impression of yourself, to make sure that customers do not leave you in a bad mood.

In order for the majority of your new customers to become regulars, you need to deal with their traditional reasons for dissatisfaction.

And this is most often:

• long time or poor quality of car wash,
• bad service,
• no clear price
• no pre-registration
• timing is not respected
• no customer waiting area.

The quality of a car wash is determined by standardizing washing operations, selecting and training staff correctly, making their payment dependent on how well they will work.

A customer waiting area is a must. And preferably with a bar or, if there is one nearby business centers, then with a diner. Also, customers need to be entertained, magazines or an Internet access point are useful for this.

More to achieve positive emotions possible by doing more than the client expects. For example, to give a freshener or a small service - the very fact of the gift is important here, because your car wash should be remembered so that the client only addresses you and tells his friends and acquaintances about it.

The function of attracting potential visitors can be performed by the car wash itself. Do not save on ordering bright outdoor advertising, a sign with the name "Car Wash" should attract attention. It would also be nice to bring printed editions and radio.

Minimizing seasonality

The car wash business, unfortunately, shows a sharp drop in profits during the summer and winter. And since the owner will have to pay rent for a land plot for a car wash every month, the situation becomes even more deplorable. But this does not mean that you will have to put up with such a state of affairs as the seasonality of a car wash.

One option to minimize seasonality is to close the main car wash during the quiet period. At the same time, you can open an economy car wash, or leave one box working, thereby reducing the cost of maintaining a business.

For a period of calm, it would be advisable to reduce the prices for services, as well as the cost of wages. Part of the staff can be completely reduced or sent on vacation.

In addition, it is recommended to expand the range of services offered. good decision will be the installation of vending machines at car washes. Your client will be happy to drink a cup of aromatic coffee while his car takes "water procedures".

Car wash business plan from scratch

Probably, even talking about the existence of a business plan for opening a car wash, as, indeed, any other business, is not worth it. It is clear that without an approximate (and sometimes very detailed) analysis it is not worth starting.

How much is it?

Starting costs, without which the opening of a car wash, cannot be reduced to the annual lease (purchase) of premises with a land plot of at least 300 sq. m., purchase of equipment, auto chemicals, hiring workers.

And so the initial minimum costs at the initial stage of opening a car wash:

Approximate cost of the set necessary equipment- 220-240 thousand rubles.

Table 1. Washing operation costs (monthly):

Is it beneficial?

Undoubtedly, the profitability of a car wash will be high if certain rules of this business are followed. The service is in demand constantly, every day and even around the clock. In order to receive a monthly net profit of 150 thousand rubles, the owner needs to competently organize his business.

It should be noted that the payback period for a car wash is on average about 12 months.

Therefore, in the first year of work, you can at best count on half of the amount of income declared in the business plan.

Let's calculate the profit. On a working day, a car wash with one set of equipment can take 40-50 Vehicle. The services are very different: from surface washing of the body, to engine cleaning and internal dry cleaning. Average price per service 300 rub.

300*40*30(days)= 360 thousand rubles per month.

Subtract the cost of wages on average 35%: 126 thousand rubles per month.

Total monthly expense: 126 thousand. +76 thousand rubles = 202 thousand rubles

Net income per month: 360 thousand. - 202 thousand. rub. = 158 thousand rubles.

Every city has about 300 car washes for every 1 million people. That is, 200-250 in each major city, a hundred - in a city in which approximately 300 thousand people live. Of course, all these figures are approximate and can be adjusted from time to time, both up and down, depending on how developed the city's economy is. On the other hand, even the presence of the indicated number of car washes does not mean that the market is completely saturated.

Competition promotes business development. Read

The cost of educating a child is offset by a tax deduction for his parents. All the nuances of the procedure in this

Employed women "in position" are looking forward to when they can go on maternity leave. Read about important dates

If we analyze the opinions of entrepreneurs who own a car wash business, it turns out that there are two extremes in them.

Some believe that this business is very profitable: in a city of half a million, even three car washes will be completely clogged. At a cost 250-1000 rubles, queues will be permanent, and they will become most popular with owners of expensive cars, such as jeeps or business class, so the average car wash will cost about 750 rubles. So the cost will pay off in a matter of months.

Pessimists, on the other hand, believe that everything is not so good, primarily because of problems with its discovery. After all, apart from technical issues, such as buying a garage, repairing it, buying equipment, you will have to solve many problems with authorities, sanitary and epidemiological supervision, firefighters, redevelopment, traffic police, if an entrance is required, and so on.

Most owners of car washes come to the consensus that building a car wash is a complex process and often does not pay for itself.

In addition, many gas stations are ready to provide boxes for washing. The lease agreement then should be concluded for several years at once.

Another option recommended for beginners is to buy a ready-made car wash with equipment, rental, washers, video surveillance, etc. Naturally, a ready-made, established business will not require as much diligence from its owner when opening it as starting from scratch. But significant investments will also be required.

When choosing a place for a car wash, pay special attention to the availability of communications. Often their eyeliner is very expensive, and sometimes it is completely impossible. In the absence of water supply, you will need to obtain permission to drill a well. You can save on heating by installing a gas boiler.

80% of your success will depend on right choice places. It’s good if you open a car wash on your own land and it’s best in the first line from the highway. It is much easier to develop a business in this case. And, of course, a car wash paired with a tire shop, an auto parts store or a cafe is the most promising option.

Oh, how many wonderful discoveries we have
Prepare the spirit of enlightenment
And experience, the son of difficult mistakes,
And genius, paradoxes friend,
And chance, God is the inventor.

A.S. Pushkin

This question is asked by all the brave people who decide to enter this business. It would seem that here it is - the cost of equipment, the cost of sheds, the cost of the construction part ...

Look like that's it. Now we count how many cars we will wash, how much we will spend on energy resources. By the way, how do you count? One more question. A question for another article about the cost of programs at self-service car washes.

"Skoka-Skoka" and "turnkey"

The World Wide Web is replete with a wealth of information on how to open such a business. But 80% of this information was written by journalists for various entrepreneurial resources, which, a priori, do not understand anything about the construction of a turnkey self-service car wash. When you read these “opuses”, the remnants of hair on your head begin to move slightly and a legitimate question arises: how?!?, where do these numbers come from?!? Some authors have gone into such a jungle of their imagination that they are ready to promise their reader the opening of a 5-6-post self-service car wash for 2-3 million rubles. The remaining 20% ​​of the articles are written by equipment sellers, who are certainly professionals in their field, whose main task is to sell, sell and sell. Although among the sellers there are those who are ready to share real numbers business setup costs.

So, let's start everything from scratch, forget what we read earlier on the Internet and try to take an honest look at the real costs.

Although we offer all our customers to open a turnkey self-service car wash, in fact, we are an engineering company. Those. we are good at mounting this equipment, servicing and advising our clients, but we are not builders. We know a lot about construction, but we do not build ourselves. We prefer to entrust this to specialists in their field. Therefore, we always warn our customers about this, including the fact that the opportunity to buy a turnkey sink will be more expensive than if the customer wants to build it himself from scratch.

The vast majority of our customers built car washes themselves. Of course, we carry out all our projects to the end and always try to help at each stage. Not only consultations, but also proven contractors. Therefore, we own the cost figures. In addition, during the last 2 weeks we have spoken to many of our clients and acquaintances who have built a car wash in the last six months to find out the full amount of expenses that had to be incurred before starting the business.

Let's start with small digressions.

First retreat

And the experience of the son of difficult mistakes ... There are practically no projects of twins, each project is an individual decision. This is confirmed by our clients. Even those who were not afraid to build three or four self-service car washes with us. The likelihood that you will exceed the planned costs is very high. Therefore, to name exact numbers is the lot of Ostap Bender.

Only Ostap could easily name the cost of saving the father of Russian democracy. We will not do this. We can estimate your costs: separately for building part, separately for awnings and technological equipment which needs to be given the most attention. Because it is like a human heart. It is important that it be healthy for many years of life.

Second retreat

The most demanded project today is a 6-post self-service car wash. Based on this, we will systematize the costs. But keep in mind that it is impossible to get the correct cost of one post by simply dividing a 6-station car wash by the number 6. A two-station self-service car wash will cost half the cost of a 6-station turnkey car wash. And a 4-station post will be cheaper by only 20 percent. But if we increase the number of posts, then here we can really divide and multiply without fear of error, since an increase in the planned estimate is inevitable.

Third retreat

Many mistakenly believe that the most expensive thing when opening a turnkey self-service car wash is technological equipment. In the case of the most budget equipment, this item will be about 15-20% of the total costs. In the case of purchasing premium equipment, this will take up to half of the total costs.

The main expenses will be on land. Not only in the sense of buying land or the right to a long-term lease, but also other investments in a land plot, namely: approval, technical connection, communications, construction itself, landscaping, etc. The vast majority of these costs are sunk costs. And if you are unlucky with the choice of location, then this money will remain "buried in the ground."

let's consider real examples self-service car washes.

Let's start with the most popular self-service car washes. What can be succinctly called "kolkhoz-kolkhoz".

Kolkhoz-kolkhoz

To build such a car wash from scratch costs from 1 million rubles for each post.

I do not want to offend either the owners of such car washes or the workers Agriculture. Typically, such sinks are opened by people who either have a significant drawback initial capital or they just don't understand what they are getting themselves into by opening this type of car wash. At the same time, despite the single term, they can differ significantly both externally and in cost.

They can be:

And they can be like this:

The last sinks, despite a significantly better wrapper, contain approximately the same filling. Not very edible...

Why do we call such sinks not very personal, despite the external attractiveness?

They have one common feature: They are often created in violation of a number of building codes and unwritten rules. The legislation does not contain any clear norms for the creation of self-service car washes. And everyone is doing what they want. Although Europe has already accumulated vast experience in creating the right facilities. As a result, in an attempt to save money, or out of ignorance, all these sinks have a short service life.

Of course, the reader may object: we do not have Europe, the dirt is not the same. I’ll note right away: that’s why it’s not Europe, because we are not used to observing elementary safety standards, saving electricity, water, cleaning chemicals. Such sinks can be significantly cheaper, especially if they are built in violation of the law and in violation of all possible building codes.

We do not deal with such sinks and do not advise anyone to open them. Why?

Despite the relatively small costs, this business, not having time to pay off, is already beginning to ask for small, but funds, to be poured into it.

Budget equipment has the highest cost of washing programs. In addition, due to the lack of a margin of safety and the use of inexpensive materials, it is necessary to regularly carry out minor repairs, and this is not so much a cost as downtime. And as soon as competitors appear, it turns out that such sinks have a minimum of competitive advantages. The only thing left to do is compete on price. That at a high cost even more begins to resemble business for the sake of business.

The other way is the way for serious investors who know how to count money well. And not in the short term, but for years to come.

So, if you want to build a normal car wash that will work for many years, there are two options: optimal and uncompromising.

The best option

In this case, the cost of a car wash will be 1.9-2.5 million rubles per post. The takeoff may be due to the completeness of the equipment, the good location of the site, investments in attractiveness and beauty.

It will turn out to some extent a typical wash, but with reliable equipment, with a good low cost of washing programs. And also with a sufficient set of competitive advantages so that for many years it not only worked, but also earned. And if necessary, it could be sold without financial loss.

Uncompromising option

And the genius of paradoxes is a friend ...

The most expensive project costs can fluctuate around 2.7-3.3 million rubles per post. But you get not only the most beautiful car wash in the city, but also the largest possible set of competitive advantages for the future, when competition will intensify significantly. It is your sink that is guaranteed to survive in this competitive struggle. Proven in the highly competitive European market.

Cost items for opening a turnkey self-service car wash

Land plot

We will not dwell on this point, because. it is completely individual. Moreover, it is simply impossible to estimate the average costs. They can be from conditionally zero (if this site already exists and is idle, or very good conditions for its lease) to four tens of millions of rubles, if you buy it in the Moscow region as a property.

Creation of a project, coordination and obtaining a building permit

Usually the most time-consuming stage (at least a month), but not the most expensive. Need to get specifications on communications (water, electricity, sewerage and, if necessary, gas). It's free. In addition, the project itself is necessary.

Serious manufacturers provide a standard project, but in all cases it needs to be adapted and tied to the terrain. The cost of such a service is up to 150 thousand rubles. The cost of a full-fledged project is from 150 to 400 thousand. We recommend ordering it in the "right" organizations that are recommended in local "architectures".

You can negotiate on your own or entrust lawyers. Often in the regions such services are quite inexpensive (from 50 thousand rubles). Total estimated costs for this item - from 350 thousand rubles.

Site preparation

Or, in other words, the removal of engineering networks from the development patch. A very individual item of expenditure. Usually it is in direct proportion to the cost of the site. The cheaper the site, the more networks are laid on it with the corresponding security zones.

Our clients' costs ranged from zero, when no networks passed through the site at all (which is very rare in an urban environment), to the extortionate 7 million rubles that the local power grids requested for the removal of a high-voltage line.

Supply of communications and technical connection

The reverse side of the previous paragraph. If there are no networks nearby, then you will have to conduct them yourself. One of our clients had zero costs (everything was on the site), while another customer had only the supply of water and storm sewer cost 3.7 million rubles. Another of the clients who built 3 car washes said that, if you take it very bluntly, then he spent 3 million for each of the car washes for supplying electricity, water, sewerage and gas.

Construction costs

We will talk exclusively about the construction of "open self-service car washes", and, more specifically, only about those construction works that occur at ground level and below. The erection of the canopy will be displayed in a separate expense item and we will talk later.

A very interesting article in terms of rampant pseudo-economy, as well as for the profit of unscrupulous "builders". The numbers float a lot. It is here that those who wish to open a “kolkhoz-kolkhoz” car wash most often try to save money. Often with disastrous results already in the first winter.

Some equipment sellers promise costs of only 1.5-2 million for a 6-station car wash. Only when it comes down to it, the estimate doubles, and sometimes even triples.

So, let's try to figure out how much it costs, using the example of construction using ready-made slabs with integrated underfloor heating.

First, the site must be prepared and removed. And also remove the fertile layer of soil, and fill the place of the withdrawn soil. There are no average figures in this case. It can be both zero costs and very, very decent ones. For example, construction work at one facility is now being completed. There, the rise in the level of a large plot (about 30 acres) was 2.5 meters. It was necessary that he was on the same level with the road. All this cost the owner 3.5 million rubles.

Then you need to lay the plates themselves. A set of plates for 6 posts, taking into account the plate for the technical room and installation, cost 2.2 million rubles. Without taking into account the cost of delivery of these plates to the construction site.

In addition to laying the slabs themselves, it is necessary to carry out some excavation work on laying and connecting communications, buy all the necessary building materials, rent special equipment, fence the site, etc. The cost per circle will be at least 2.5 million rubles.

Based real experience of our clients, construction work cost them from 2.6 to 3.5 million rubles.

Is it possible to save? Common sense tells you not to, but many do. Someone saves on concrete and violates technological processes. Even despite the fact that it is absolutely impossible to do this at a self-service car wash. In the aggressive conditions of a car wash, acid and salt corrosion of concrete proceeds much faster than usual.

An illustration of the "thrifty" approach. The photo was taken after the first winter operation:

Someone saves on the thickness of the power part of the plate during self-casting. Some unique people manage to make underfloor heating directly without a power unit. As a result, they save from one to two million rubles, but they get a sink that will work, if you're lucky, for 5 years. And if not, then until the first winter.

Someone saves on warm floors or does not cooperate with normal heating engineers who can correctly calculate the floors for a specific climate. Or they will hire the cheapest contractor who will do it in violation of technology. Someone even tries to work without them and misses because of this the most bread season, when the temperature pendulum and the largest number of car wash visitors.

Here is a good example of such savings:

True, in this case, a person not only saved on warm floors, but in general on everything, including equipment. But on sinks of this type - this is a frequent occurrence. Enough to ride on them in the cold.

Wastewater treatment plant

These are facilities that treat wastewater from a self-service car wash, for subsequent discharge into the sewer. There are several options. Firstly, buying the cheapest cleaning services just for the sake of the certificate that is needed to obtain a permit to operate a car wash. In fact, such purifiers clean almost nothing. It is a question of a rather short time when the water utility wakes up and takes a sample of wastewater and counts for the entire past volume for additional treatment to the MPC standards, or impose fines. Therefore, we do not recommend going this way.

Normal real treatment facilities cost from 350 thousand rubles. The final price depends on the requirements of the water utility or on the type of sewerage. For example, to discharge wastewater into a storm drain, more serious treatment plants are needed, the cost of which is about 1.5 million rubles. For most of our clients, they cost 400-500 thousand rubles.

canopy

Also quite an interesting expense item. It well reflects the banal ignorance of building codes not only by customers, which is excusable, they should not know them. But also contractors. Quite often, at car washes of the “kolkhoz-kolkhoz” class, a painted pipe 70x70 is used, which in the structures used does not withstand any serious snow and wind loads and is suitable only for columns of cemetery fences.

Depending on the region, you need to use a pipe of at least 120x120, depending on the thickness of the metal.

In addition, painted metal at self-service car washes starts to rust very quickly due to constantly high humidity, a large amount of alkali and reagents.

This is what a painted metal frame looks like after 9 months at a self-service car wash. Photographed in Moscow:

A hot-dip galvanized canopy, created according to all SNiPs, of a standard design, with stretch marks between posts, a technical room, roof decking and a simple frieze, costs from 1.2 million rubles. And it gets proportionally more expensive if you add rigid partitions between posts, more beautiful advertising friezes, backlighting, etc. I'm sure everyone has seen self-service car washes of this type.

They look like this:

If you focus on design, cover the metal with finishing materials, then the cost increases significantly, boldly steps over 2 million rubles and has practically no boundaries. The final cost of an individual canopy will depend solely on the imagination of the customer.

In addition to the "square design" there is a large number of variations. For example, such a shed for the customer will cost 1.4 million rubles with a technical room.

This type of Russian-made canopy, together with a technical room, will cost approximately 2.7 million rubles.

Imported designer canopies, as well as Russian stainless steel canopies, exceed the uncomfortable bar of 4 million rubles and can cost up to 6 million rubles. It will depend on the manufacturer, materials, design, color scheme, some customization elements and other things.

There are no average prices, everyone decided for himself how much his canopy would cost. Therefore, our customers' prices ranged from 1.3 million rubles to 5.8 million rubles.

landscaping

For some reason, many, especially equipment sellers, forget about this expense item. These costs are not typical and are highly dependent on the land itself. The most expensive thing in this article is asphalting. The average price of asphalting (with preparation) costs about 1.5 thousand rubles per square meter. And if you have a large plot, for example, 20 acres, where there is bare land, then be prepared to spend at least 1.5 million rubles only on asphalting. Also, money can be spent on lighting, landscaping, advertising signs etc.

Naturally, the cost of improvement can be minimal. For example, if you rent a parking lot near a hypermarket.

Our clients' landscaping costs varied greatly. there are practically no identical plots, and ranged from 200 thousand rubles to 3 million rubles.

Optional equipment

In this expense item, I lump together all the equipment that is not directly related to car wash equipment. These are vacuum cleaners, and boilers for underfloor heating, and video surveillance systems, and other equipment.

Also, there is no average cost, because each customer determines his own needs. How many posts he needs with vacuum cleaners. What boilers will it cost: simple household ones for 150 thousand rubles or professional pellet ones stuffed with electronics for 600 thousand rubles. Does he need a simple video surveillance system for 100 thousand rubles or does he need a serious system with FHD cameras, a file server and remote access for half a million rubles.

From 500 thousand rubles to 1.2 million rubles are spent on this item.

Equipment

I deliberately put this article at the very end to show that the main costs are the costs associated with the land. However, they are one-time and for the most part irrevocable. In the case of a site selection error, the equipment can be moved to a new location. But asphalt and other costs will remain buried in the ground in the literal and figurative sense.

At the same time, in the future, all these costs will not significantly affect the earnings of a car wash, unlike equipment. You need to understand that all this is auxiliary to the main car wash equipment. It is the equipment that affects most of the factors of future earnings.

For sinks of the "Kolkhoz-Kolkhoz" type, the cheapest equipment for 6 posts is bought, which costs at least 2 million rubles with delivery and installation. In principle, prices vary greatly in the equipment market. Sometimes you can find equipment that is absolutely identical in terms of components, but with a price difference of one and a half times.

It is very rare to find high-quality equipment at sinks of this class. More often the opposite. There are sometimes sinks where everything is really built for many years, plus everything is very beautiful. That is, a person has invested more than 10 million rubles in his facility and at the same time installed budget equipment.

I understand people who buy such equipment. And I respect their choice. But it seems to me that they simply were not aware of what exactly they were risking and why there was such a variation in prices on the equipment market.

Buying a turnkey self-service car wash for 6-10 million rubles, they unconsciously put themselves in a very precarious position. Indeed, in the pursuit of savings, they have lost any serious competitive advantages. And even such serious ones as the cost of washing programs.

However, all people are adults. And if they are ready to risk a very large sunk sum, then this is their risk.

Russian equipment, which can provide a good cost for washing, starts at 4 million rubles. But can it provide the rest? competitive advantages and reliability is a big issue.

The simplest imported equipment costs about the same money. But it is the simplest. Therefore, it is worth stopping at it only if there are not enough funds. Although here you can already seriously think about which is better, simple imported or Russian, but "fancy". On the one hand, there are more risks with Russian equipment, on the other hand, there is more choice of functionality for the same money.

If we take equipment from the best European manufacturers, then the prices for equipment for 6 posts will vary from 5 to 9 million rubles.

Although it is more correct to write in euros, because the ruble exchange rate is not constant. In euros - from 70 thousand euros to 140 thousand euros.

Our customers chose Aquarama costing from 5 to 7 million rubles at the exchange rate at the time of purchase of the equipment.

How much does a self-service car wash cost?

A brief summary of the above, or how much a 6-post “project” will cost.

The cheapest self-service car wash with a certain amount of luck will cost at least 1 million per post. What we call "kolkhoz-kolkhoz".

The optimal cost is from 2 million per post.

If your choice is an uncompromising car wash, then get ready to shell out at least 3 million per post.

In conclusion, I would like to note that everything in life is relative. Someone lives without thinking about the future. And today financial results, albeit small, but today. And someone thinks globally and for years.

Oleg Logachev

Roman Korolev

Gathering documents to open a car wash and don't know where to start? Do you want to know where and how to get the necessary documentation? We have prepared a step by step guide. Use it to get the necessary documents quickly and without errors.

Read on to find out what car wash permits are required and how to complete additional documentation.

First step: registration

The start will begin with business registration. Registration documents will be the first to open a car wash.

Organizational and legal form

The car wash is traditionally a micro-enterprise. The optimal organizational and legal form - IP and LLC.

We advise you to choose the IP. Why? Register as individual entrepreneur is much faster and easier. It requires less financial outlay. IP has simplified reporting. In a word, this is the best choice for those who have little experience in doing business.

But opt ​​for an LLC if you open a car wash with a business partner. It is the LLC that gives the possibility of co-founding.

Car wash: what taxation

The choice of tax system is up to you:

• The general system of taxation - does not give any privileges and preferences
• Simplified tax system - consists of two possible rates, one of which you have to choose yourself: 6% of total income or 15% of income reduced by the number of expenses. As practice shows, the second option is more profitable
• Patent for reference entrepreneurial activity- this system is available only to those who are registered as individual entrepreneurs. The advantages of the patent are that it exempts from paying VAT, personal income tax, property tax of individuals and sales tax.

Wash: OKVED

There is no need to experiment and choose when choosing a classifier code. One code is available for a car wash - 74. 70. 2. "Cleaning and cleaning of vehicles."

Stage two: we coordinate the documents for the land and premises

Next, go to the territorial district government at the location of the car wash. You must apply for a car wash site. After the municipality allocates land, you sign a lease agreement in the land committee. At the same time, you will receive it in your hands only after the approval of the project.

You will then be given an explanation from the building committee regarding your next steps. You will need a pre-project plan, which provides for a three-dimensional drawing of future construction.

When the committee decides that you can be trusted to build a car wash facility, you will receive a permit. After that, you must submit a complete project estimate. Develop it yourself or order it from a specialized company.

Step #3: Find out what permits are needed for a car wash?

Traditionally, permits are needed from the Fire Service and the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision. To obtain a sanitary-epidemiological conclusion, you will have to take a large package of documents. The complete list is determined by order of Rospotrebnadzor No. 776.

In addition, you will have to obtain opinions from the Committee of Nature and the Committee of Architecture.

Great news: Certification does not apply to mandatory car wash permits. But if you want, you can go through it yourself.

Fourth stage: contracts for connection to networks

For full operation, the car wash must be connected to water and electricity networks. The connection process is accompanied by the conclusion of contracts.

The good news is that this is an optional item among car wash documents. But we recommend that you connect. Why? Thanks to this, the risk of failures in work will be significantly reduced and the cost of services provided will be reduced.

Fifth stage: execution of additional documents for a car wash

At the final stage of collecting documents for opening a car wash, you need to conclude an agreement for the removal of municipal solid waste and used water.

Don't forget about cash register equipment. You must register your cashier in tax office and get the corresponding document.

You will also have to notify the city Department of Transport and Communications about the start of work.

How to speed up the process of obtaining documents for a car wash

You have read the material and now you know in what order to proceed. Unfortunately, there will definitely be some difficulties along the way, and the process will be suspended.

To avoid this, you can ready business! Probably, she will sell already with all the documents and approvals.

Owning a car wash is far from a new type of business that remains very profitable despite the competition. Foreign experts say that today there should be one car wash for at least 50,000 people. Opening a car wash can be a good investment, as the profitability of the business is from 40%.

Choosing the type of car wash

Opening a car wash must begin with the choice of its type. Today, there are several main types of car washes:

1. Mobile- assumes the presence of a small-tonnage vehicle, equipped with everything necessary. Anyone can call such a car wash at home.
2. Portable a car wash involves the presence of a building or hangar in which expensive equipment is installed.
3. Manual– cleaning is carried out manually using manual equipment. The most optimal option. There are two possible options here:

– contactless where cleaning is carried out with the help of equipment, the operation of which is controlled by the worker;

– contact where people do all the work. Despite the fact that this option is the simplest and cheapest, in recent times car washes of this type are a thing of the past.

1. Automatic car wash, in which two types are distinguished:

– portal i, in which a special arched structure moves along the machine, equipped with brushes and a high-pressure system. It is she who cleans the body of the car;

– tunnel. In this case, all washing units are fixed, and each in its place. A car is placed on a special tape and moves past all the units.

1. Self-service car wash, where drivers carry out the entire process of cleaning the car on their own using installed units. Read more about this here:.

Choosing a place for a car wash

After you have decided on the type of car wash, you need to proceed to the choice of location. In most cases, it is recommended to choose either a densely populated sleeping area, or roads with a large flow of cars.

Another option is to open a car wash near gas stations and service stations,. The enterprises we have named are always located in places with the highest traffic, in addition, stopping to refuel or repair the car, the driver will no longer be able to pass by and at least pay attention to the presence of a car wash and remember its location.

Washing a car can take 5 minutes or an hour - depending on the availability of the queue, the list of selected services. Therefore, for the convenience of drivers, it is necessary to equip a waiting room where they can wait for their turn, the end of water procedures for the car.

For these purposes, it is desirable to allocate a small room, make cosmetic repairs in it. From furniture it is enough to install a couple of armchairs or sofas, a coffee table, a TV. In addition, a coffee machine and a machine that dispenses various bars and juices can be installed in the hall.

Don't forget about the staff. For them, it is also necessary to allocate a separate room where they can relax and have a snack. It is also desirable to have a shower for workers.

To open, you need a room of 100 -150 square meters. It is desirable to have a high ceiling.

Paperwork

Regardless of the type of car wash, it is necessary to obtain a number of documents authorizing the conduct of activities. It is advisable to arrange them even before purchasing equipment. If you do not have at least one of these papers on hand, you will not be allowed to open a car wash:

1. Registration as .
2. Opening permit issued by the local government.
3. Car wash project, which is approved by the authorized body.
4. Permit for commissioning from:

- sanitary and epidemiological stations;

- architecture committee;

- fire protection departments;

– committee on labor protection;

- committee for environmental protection.

1. Conclusion of contracts with public utilities.

Be sure to conclude an agreement with the Gorvodokanal for draining water. When concluding an agreement, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that you have the right to drain into the sewer a volume of water that does not exceed that specified in the agreement.

1. Documents confirming full or partial ownership of the site. This may be a lease agreement or a paper confirming the conclusion of a sale and purchase transaction.

The number of cars on the country's roads is growing exponentially every year. The high volume of traffic on the roads leads not only to accelerated wear pavement, but also to increased pollution of vehicles during operation in such conditions. As a result, the services of car wash stations are in great and constant demand, and they thrive in the fertile field of car service.

If you have to start a car service business from the very beginning, then the most correct decision is to open a car wash. This does not require the presence of highly qualified specialists, you can quickly teach any student to professionally wash cars using special equipment. Boxes are best suited for washing cars and trucks. The success of a car wash business is largely determined by its location.

In order for it to have high permeability, experts recommend considering the following factors when choosing a location:

1. boxes should be located near the carriageway of the track;
2. it is undesirable for another competitor to be nearby;
3. it is desirable that the boxes be installed in a densely populated area, close to large parking lots and garage cooperatives.

If in the future it is planned to expand the business to cover other types of car service, then it is best to immediately start building a capital structure made of brick or concrete slabs. It will be possible to place workshops, a small auto parts store, and a car wash there. However, such a large project will require significant financial investments and take a long time to implement. It will also be difficult to sell it if necessary due to the high cost of real estate.

Mobile car wash

If one is engaged only in washing cars, then capital construction sharply reduces profitability and increases the payback period of the enterprise. Therefore, experienced businessmen recommend that beginners start working by renting premises and equipment. There is a third option, how to open a car wash from scratch, this is the use of prefabricated frames for the installation of indoor boxes. As an object of non-capital construction, such a box will significantly reduce the initial financial investments, significantly simplify and reduce the time of business documentation and registration. At the same time, despite the simplicity of the construction of such structures, it is important to fulfill all the regulatory requirements for ensuring safety and working conditions, heating, water supply and sewerage.

When renting, it is necessary to select a room that will require minimum investment for repairs and equipment. It is possible to use a building that previously served similar purposes, but was subsequently converted for some reason. Business promotion occurs gradually and requires a long period of time, so the lease agreement must be drawn up for a long time so that the tenant cannot demand to vacate the premises at the most inopportune moment.

For effective work establishments must have at least two washing places. Taking into account the waiting room for the car, which need to be occupied with something during the car wash, the required area for deploying a car wash will be at least 130 square meters. A skillfully organized recreation area for a client waiting for the end of the process will ensure the formation of their own permanent clientele, which is the basis for the stable functioning of any business. Therefore, saving in this matter should not be.

Efficiency and continuity production process in the question of how to open a car wash from scratch, it is determined by reliable provision of water supply and drainage Wastewater. Water must be supplied with high pressure and in sufficient quantity. To create the desired pressure, autonomous pumps are used that create additional water pressure. The optimal solution for wastewater disposal is the presence of a central sewerage system. If it is unavailable or prohibited from use by local authorities, a drain pit should be equipped that meets all the requirements of sanitary and epidemiological supervision. All these issues of providing engineering communications should be taken into account when choosing the location of the box and renting it. Under certain conditions, they can become an unsolvable problem or require an unbearable amount of investment.

Experience shows that the vast majority of success (up to 80%) of opening an enterprise depends on a good location (passability). It is considered lucky that it belongs to the first line of objects from the highway. With the right organization of business, it will be much more convenient and faster to unwind here. The standard addition of a car wash with a tire fitting and curing area, as well as a counter with a set of running parts and consumables, is a popular gentleman's set of the most sought-after road services.

Something else useful for you:

Issues of economics and management

The basis of the business plan in the task of how to open a car wash is the profit received. It is calculated approximately from the following provisions:

Video: Turnkey car wash from 650 thousand rubles

• in one day, a car wash with two workplaces can serve from 40 to 50 cars;
• depending on the type of machines and type of cleaning average cost one service is 300 rubles;
• therefore, for the month of receipts at the cash desk will be: 40 mash. x 300 rub. x 30 days = 360.000 rubles;
• when setting up a fund wages in the amount of 35% of income, the amount of 126,000 rubles / month will be spent on the maintenance of employees;
• payments for the rent of the premises, the use of water, light and heat will amount to approximately 76,000 rubles;
• under these conditions, pure monthly profit is determined by the amount of 360.000 - 126.000 - 76.000 \u003d 158.000 rubles.

A business process organization strategy should be based not only on attracting new customers, but much more on retaining old regular customers so that commercial relationships are long-term. In this, the decisive role belongs to the created image of an enterprise focused on caring for the needs of the client and high quality service. A live analysis of claims and feedback on the results of the service will serve as a good incentive to improve its quality and level of culture.

The main reasons for dissatisfaction, according to survey statistics, are the insufficient quality of cleaning the car, the low culture of customer treatment, the lack of a ready and understandable price list for the services provided, the lack of an appointment for service and the fuzzy regulation of work on time. Efficiency and quality of work on washing cars is ensured by the use of modern washing equipment and materials, as well as staff training and standardization of all operations. At the same time, the quality of work should be a determining component in the amount of wages of a car wash worker.

Documentary support required to open a car wash

Before you open a car wash, you need to decide on the name and legal structure of the new enterprise. As a small business entity, it can be registered as an LLC or an individual entrepreneur. These registration options have significant differences in the organization of reporting and taxation, the advantages and disadvantages of which can play a decisive role in choosing one form or another.

To open your own business in the field of automotive service, you must approve the following package of documents:

Video: How to open a successful car wash

• registration certificate of LLC or individual entrepreneur;
• certificate of entry in the tax register;
• extracts on registration with the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, the Social Insurance Fund and the Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund;
• environmental passport of the enterprise;
• lease agreement, purchase of a property;
• permission from supervisory authorities (sanitary and epidemiological supervision, fire protection) to carry out production activities.

The above list of permits may be supplemented by other official papers, depending on the region, which are determined local authorities authorities. Application and approval process required documents is the most difficult period in this interesting business and can last for months and years.

Basically, it consists of several stages:

• filing a petition with the city administration with a project and a sketch of the facility and permission from the SES, the Ministry of Emergency Situations and urban architecture;
• after approval by the city administration, an architectural project is drawn up, which undergoes an examination of architects, firefighters, SES, environmentalists, labor protection specialists;
• Further, an act for land use and a building permit is issued.

The stages of torment listed above can be significantly reduced if you use a rented room that already has all the permits.

How to open a car wash without harm to the environment

An analysis of the bankruptcy of car wash stations shows that the main reasons for them are the following miscalculations and omissions in the organization of the case:
1. Not paid due attention to the problem of wastewater discharge. This problem should be resolved both with supervisory authorities (city water utility) and local residents using the common sewerage and water supply network. The choice and installation of a cleaning device can be a cardinal solution to the issue. The cost of equipment depends on the degree of cleaning, which should correspond to the place where the car wash is located;
2. The attitude of the authorities towards your enterprise depends on the choice of treatment equipment. environmental supervision. Excessive savings in this matter can go sideways and lead to plant downtime. Prices for treatment plants start at 50,000 rubles. It can take from 60 to 160 liters of water to clean one car, so using purified water for reuse gives good cost savings.
Compact and mobile cleaning devices allow the use of multiple water filtration to obtain a high degree of purification and economical consumption.

Car wash equipment

In addition to water filters, the following devices are required for the operation of the enterprise:

1. high-pressure car wash manufactured by Karcher or others;
2. water heaters;
3. car vacuum cleaners;
4. foam generators;
5. dry cleaning equipment.