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AGRONOMIST Tabar-Cherkiy secondary school of Apastovsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan

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Profession history:

The profession of an agronomist is very ancient. Already several thousand years ago, the people of Ancient Egypt, China, Greece, Rome and India knew how to properly cultivate and ennoble the land and grow various agricultural plants. The first agronomists were people who were engaged in the cultivation of wild plants with their subsequent cultivation. During the development of agriculture, the specifics of the profession of an agronomist has undergone many changes, but to this day remains a significant part of the science of growing cultivated agricultural plants.…

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About history:

The first known Russian agronomist was Andrei Timofeevich Bolotov (1738-1833). He developed new methods of growing grain and vegetable crops, potatoes, flax, and put them into practice.

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Agronomists were greatly assisted by the works of famous Russian scientists. V. V. Dokuchaev (1846-1903) developed ways to restore and increase the fertility of chernozem, K. A. Timiryazev (1843-1920) studied the needs of plants for nutrients, D. N. Pryanishnikov (1865-1948) explained how plants absorb nitrogen, developed methods for applying nitrogen fertilizers. IV Michurin (1855-1935) developed new varieties of fruit and berry crops.

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Photographs of scientists

Man has been cultivating the land since ancient times. He tracked the dependence of weather factors on the quality of the crop. Today there is a special science - agronomy, which deals with the study of agricultural production. A specialist in this field of activity is called an agronomist. The first agronomists who developed a new method for growing grain and vegetable crops were A.T. Bolotov and I.M. Komov. A significant contribution to the science of agronomy was made by scientists V.V. Dokuchaev, K.A. Timiryazev, D.N. Pryanishnikov, I.V. Michurin. Thanks to their scientific activity, a modern agronomist can achieve high results in obtaining a crop.

Profession history:

The profession of an agronomist is very ancient. Already several thousand years ago, the people of Ancient Egypt, China, Greece, Rome and India knew how to properly cultivate and ennoble the land and grow various agricultural plants. The first agronomists were people who were engaged in the cultivation of wild plants with their subsequent cultivation. During the development of agriculture, the specifics of the profession of an agronomist has undergone many changes, but to this day remains a significant part of the science of growing cultivated agricultural plants.…

Responsible for the harvest

Currently, the profession of an agronomist is in demand in agricultural enterprises, large farms, as well as in fruit nurseries and greenhouses. This specialist is responsible for the cultivation of agricultural products.

The result of the agronomist's work is visible after harvesting. The efficiency of his work is determined by the productivity indicators.

With the onset of autumn, the agronomist has new worries. He must ensure the safety of the grown crop, prepare high-quality seeds for the new planting year.

Features of the profession agronomist

From early spring to late autumn, agronomists spend most of their working time outdoors, in the field. For rather long periods of time (during sowing, fodder harvesting, harvesting), the agronomist has an irregular working day.

This specialist organizes the work of tractor drivers, combine operators, drivers. An agronomist needs to be able to find a common language with a team of agricultural workers.

One of the main features of this profession is that the work of these specialists depends on weather conditions. Protracted rains or, conversely, drought can lead to a sharp drop in productivity. In this case, all the efforts of agronomists become largely in vain.

A person who decides to devote himself to agronomy must possess the following qualities:

§ the ability to think independently and make responsible decisions;

§ the ability to predict the various stages of agricultural production;

§ organizational skills;

§ physical and emotional endurance;

§ Observation.

Pros and cons of being an agronomist

Advantages:

§ variety of activities;

§ significance for society;

§ Spends a lot of time outdoors.

Flaws:

§ unfavorable working conditions;

§ dependence of labor results on natural and climatic conditions;

§ low wages typical for agricultural specialists.

Workplace

Agronomists work on state farms, collective farms, farms.

Peasant (farm) economy(KFH) - view entrepreneurial activity directly related to agriculture.

A peasant (farm) economy is an association of citizens who jointly own property and carry out production or other economic activities. After state registration peasant farm, its head is individual entrepreneur-farmer. The property of the farm belongs to its members on the basis of joint ownership.

The peasant (farm) economy itself, along with family enterprises, where the property also belongs to members on the basis of common joint ownership, is private unitary enterprise but the citizens leading joint activities on the basis of an agreement on a peasant (farm) economy, has the right to create a legal entity - a peasant (farm) economy.

Peasant (farm) economy created as legal entity is a voluntary association of citizens on the basis of membership for a joint production or other economic activity in the field of agriculture, based on their personal participation and the association of property contributions by members of the peasant (farm) economy.

state farm- (short for Soviet economy listen)) is a state agricultural enterprise in the USSR. Unlike collective farms, which were cooperative associations of peasants created at the expense of the peasants themselves, the state farm was state enterprise. Those working on state farms were hired workers who received a fixed salary in cash, while workdays were used on collective farms until the mid-1960s.

The history of development

(1918-1928)

The need to create state agricultural enterprises was substantiated by V. I. Lenin as early as the period of preparation for the socialist revolution. Lenin's April Theses (1917) raised the question of organizing state farms on the basis of large landlord estates, which, under the conditions of the victory of the socialist revolution, were to serve as a model for large-scale socialist production. State farms began to be created after the publication of the Decree on Land of October 27 (November 9), 1917, on the basis of individual landlord estates. The first state farms were actually state stud farms; Since 1918, on the basis of government decrees, state farms of various specializations began to be organized: sugar beet, livestock breeding, etc. On February 14, 1919, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee adopted the “Regulations on socialist land management and measures for the transition to socialist agriculture,” and on February 15, 1919, the SNK Decree “On the organization of Soviet farms by institutions and associations of the industrial proletariat”, where the main tasks of state farm construction were determined. Land area of ​​state farms in thousand hectares by years: 1918/1919 - 2090; 1919/1920 - 2857; 1920/1921 - 3324; 1921/1922 - 3385. By 1922 there were 4316 state farms with a land area of ​​3324 thousand hectares. (out of more than 150 million hectares owned before October 1917 by large landowners). Mostly these were highly specialized agricultural enterprises engaged in industrial crops (sugar beet, flax, tobacco, cotton, etc.) - the so-called. trusted state farms.

The main shortcomings of state farms at that time were (according to the resolution of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks on the results of state and collective farm construction of December 30, 1926): insufficient leadership from the People's Commissariat of Agriculture; limited basic and working capital; bloatedness and high cost of leading staffs; high overhead costs in production and mismanagement; lack of planned management and rational use work force; the presence on a significant number of farms of backward forms and methods of farming (share-cropping, renting, poor production techniques, three-field cultivation, weedy fields, unproductive livestock, etc.)

The solution to these problems until 1925 was expressed by the simple closure of state farms. To combat this practice, a special decision of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks of February 9, 1925 was issued, according to which "... The network of state farms, already reduced in recent years, should be preserved (with the exception of obviously economically unviable ...)"

Important qualities

An agronomist must be a responsible and proactive person, easy-going, capable of making emergency non-standard decisions. A creative attitude to work and observation, organizational skills are necessary.

Knowledge and skills

An agronomist must be able to organize the production of agricultural crops, understand the principles of crop rotation, fertilization, and other methods of agricultural technology, be able to organize seed production, obtain new varieties, and conduct scientific research.

To do this, you need to know general biology and botany, agriculture, crop production, agrochemistry, land reclamation, the basics of breeding and seed production, and the economics of the industry.

Where to get a job:

Agricultural universities of the country are engaged in the training of personnel in the specialty agronomist. During his studies, an agronomist acquires professional skills in the field of agriculture and the cultivation of various crops.

The agronomist is agricultural specialist. Its main task is to control compliance with the technique of growing vegetables and fruits, as well as other crops. In addition, he monitors the work of gardeners, machine operators and other specialists performing work in the field of agriculture.

This profession is quite broad profile, because. the agronomist is responsible for the improvement of scientific developments in the field of agronomy - pest control, increasing the efficiency of fertilizers, improving the processing of fertile soil.

Not everyone will be able to realize themselves in this direction. A person who decides to engage in agronomy should note in himself the presence of important qualities:

• love for nature;
• analytic mind;
• observation;
• pedantry;
• stress tolerance.

Duties of an agronomist

As noted above, the duties of an agronomist include scientific activity. Despite an already busy schedule, an agronomist must learn the latest practices in their field of work and incorporate them into their workflow.

Besides, development of new methods of pest control and hated weeds are also the duties of an agronomist. Development of plans for sowing, processing and harvesting, taking soil samples and analyzing the results. In fact, it is difficult to overestimate the work of an agronomist and his job responsibilities.

The creation of seed funds and the implementation of measures for their preservation are also carried out by specialists in the field of agronomy. Of course, the duties include the execution of all the considered functions on paper, in the form of reports, diagrams and scientific documents.

Profession benefits:

1. High significance. The quality and naturalness of products entering the trade counters - potatoes, bread, cucumbers, cabbage, soybeans, etc. - depend on the work of an agronomist.
2. Outdoor stay. The peculiarities of the profession of an agronomist imply the constant stay of the latter in the fresh air. That is why most people working in agriculture are in good health and have peace of mind.
3. Variety of activities. Each season presents the agronomist with different concerns - in the spring you need to monitor planting and sowing, in the summer you need to monitor the safety of the crop from pests and adverse weather conditions, in the fall you need to be responsible for harvesting, in winter you need to monitor the storage conditions of seeds.
4. With all this, the duties of an agronomist include participation in scientific research and writing papers. After all, it is he who is responsible for the emergence of new varieties of vegetables and fruits on store shelves.

Disadvantages of the profession:

1. Weather dependent. Whatever the agronomist does, no matter how qualitatively he approaches his duties, drought or frequent rainfall can negate all his efforts. Mankind is not yet able to control the weather, and in this case this skill would be very useful.
2. Will test. Yes, working outdoors is great, but when it's raining or windy outside, it's hard to enjoy clean air.
3. Low pay. Unfortunately, in Russia the work of an agronomist is not highly paid, despite all its significance.
4. Work outside the city. Yes, many villages and villages are equipped with a minimum set of amenities, however, it is difficult for them to compete with life in a metropolis. Agronomists are forced to live among rural life.

Where can I study to be an agronomist

It is difficult to surprise someone by saying that one should study as an agronomist at agricultural universities and institutes. Immediately after studying, during which the student learns how to achieve a high yield and increase the fertility of the soil used, there is no opportunity to get a job in the specialty. And this is not the problem of this particular profession, it is more extensive.

When hiring, the HR department requires minimum work experience in this area for at least 1-3 years. And hardly anyone thinks about where a student who has just left the university will take him. Therefore, to gain experience, you will need to get a job as an assistant agronomist, for the first time.

Also, some organizations require knowledge of foreign languages, which are usually not taught in agricultural universities. Therefore, you should take specialized courses for training at a minimum level.

Russia is famous for its vocational training agronomists, so the specific choice of university is not so important. The main thing is to fulfill all the requirements of the teachers and do an internship at the end.

The agronomist is advanced generalist in the field of agriculture. He has a high degree of responsibility and education. Not everyone can cope with the duties assigned to him, because the result of his work is the quality of the products.

Since ancient times, ever since they began to engage in agriculture, people have tried to know the properties of the soil. They needed to know when and where to plow fields, sow grain, and so on. Previously, there were no separate specialists, the profession of an agronomist was not yet known. The study of the soil was dealt with by pundits, who in those days tended to study all sciences. In ancient Greece, for example, practically the same person could perform the functions of both a philosopher and an agronomist. The knowledge of geometry was used, folk omens, natural science and the information accumulated at that time about competent agriculture.

Much attention has always been paid to the issue of studying the properties of the soil by the common people, for whom cultivating the land was a way to survive. At the moment, there are countless different signs that allow you to determine when and how, and most importantly, where it is better to start sowing. By the way, these signs show themselves quite well in practice and are still used by many farmers.

The modern science of agronomy is developing as a separate direction and is gaining momentum. The works of scientists, including Russian ones, for example, the world-famous I. V. Michurin, K. A. Timiryazev, played an important role in this matter. Now in agrarian countries this is a very prestigious direction, which is in demand and well paid.

Below is detailed description intricacies of the profession. We will also consider all the pros and cons of this activity, on the basis of which you can decide whether this type of activity is right for you or not.

Relevance in our country

Unfortunately, today this profession is not particularly in demand in our country. There can be many reasons. Either the niche of agriculture in Russia is in decline, or there are too many specialists in this area. Although, given the latest trend towards a return to the agricultural industry, an increase in interest in this specialty is expected soon. At least in times Soviet Union the agronomic faculty of any university was in great demand.

More about what he does

A good specialist must understand the issues of agricultural production technology, the basics of land legislation, as well as the methods of growing field, garden or garden plants. His knowledge base should ensure a good harvest, because this is precisely what this specialty exists for.

The agronomist must be ready to work in all weather conditions, whether it be rain, clear weather or hail. He begins his work from the very beginning of spring and ends in late autumn. His duties include soil preparation, regulation of the volumes of incoming fertilizers (biological or chemical substances). He is also involved in the preparation and selection of premises for subsequent storage of the crop.

He also draws up reports on the work done and submits them to higher authorities. Here accuracy and consistency in actions are important. The slightest mistake - and he will already be responsible for it.

Prevalence and possible income

The salary of an agronomist depends on the region where he works. So, on average in Russia, he can receive from 18,000 to 26,000 rubles, and for Moscow and St. Petersburg, these figures will be noticeably higher (up to 45,000 rubles).

In general, today there is a fairly large number of agronomists in our country. The profession itself is considered purely masculine, as it requires a person to have good physical fitness, good health, endurance and the ability to work in all weather conditions. That's why this activity not particularly suitable for women.

What kind of education is required

At a minimum, you can get specialized secondary education in specialized technical schools and colleges. Ideally, it should be supplemented in the subsequent higher.

A good agronomist can develop mainly in scientific activities, developing new varieties of crops, preparing and conducting various research work in your area of ​​expertise. He can go to graduate school and become a doctor of science.

On the advantages and disadvantages

If we analyze the advantages and disadvantages of this type of activity, then they can be counted among them:

1. In rural areas, an agronomist will find not the worst option for earning money. At least, an agronomist living in the region will not be left without work.
2. Stability. Perhaps, mankind will sow and grow crops for a long time to come, and, therefore, a person who understands the issue of agriculture will also be needed. Moreover, as mentioned above, recent times there is a tendency to return to the development of the agricultural industry in our country.
3. The disadvantages include relatively low wages and absence. This is a good way out for those who are looking for a stable income in the village, but development prospects in this business should not be expected. Although a graduate of the Faculty of Agronomy may well create a private agricultural enterprise.
4. The work of an agronomist is hard physical labor aimed at working in all weather conditions. It won't suit everyone equally. If you want to work only with your brains, then study for another profession.

As a conclusion, I would like to once again analyze all the main points regarding the activities of an agronomist. This is the advantage of hard physical labor aimed at the quality and quantity of the crop. Discipline and perseverance will be required from you when carrying out sowing and harvesting campaigns. Therefore, this profession may not be suitable for the fair sex.

We wish you to find your business and be devoted to it to the end. Do not give up before everyday difficulties, be devoted to your craft, study, improve your skills. And then, believe me, any obstacle in your way will be demolished!

Even such a natural process as agriculture in modern conditions cannot fully develop without specialists from the scientific community. It has been far from the first year that doctors of sciences have been introducing new crops, breeding various plant varieties, and also determining the optimal number of necessary fertilizers. Such a specialty as an agronomist is closely associated with agricultural activity.

Job responsibilities of an agronomist

The competence of this employee includes: a comprehensive organization of the activities of all employees, supervision, as well as planning the entire process of field work.

Work as an agronomist

The activity of an agronomist is not tied to just taking care of the land. Being a certified specialist, an agronomist applies his knowledge in the following areas of activity:

He is engaged in the development of agrotechnical measures that can cure plant diseases, get rid of harmful insects, and also increase the productive and productive capacity of soils.
. Caring for various crops.
. Responsible for contracts for the supply of seeds and seedlings.
. Supervises all work in the field.
. distributes official duties between employees, and also organizes their labor process.
In some cases, in addition to all of the above, the work of an agronomist may be to conduct research and publish the findings, which reflect innovative methods of working with the land or plants.

Of great importance is the activity of an agronomist in growing new horticultural and horticultural field crops at research institutes in greenhouses. After some time, the agronomist or his colleagues will begin to popularize the resulting plant varieties and introduce them into the general crop rotation.

You can’t do without the skills of an agronomist on farm plots. Such a specialist can be engaged in any one type of work and have a narrow profile. So, for example, an agrochemist is engaged in breeding harmful insects and is responsible for fertilizing crops. The agronomist-manager, relying on his official powers, selects and purchases seeds, is responsible for financial accounting, documentation, safety of sowing crops, as well as the delivery process required material co storage facilities. The functions of the chief agronomist include general project management, which is impossible without scheduling and proper management of current resources.

Agronomist salary. How much does an agronomist earn

How valuable are the skills of a good specialist? Depending on the conditions and territory, the remuneration of an agronomist may differ, but its average value is 15,000 rubles. The minimum salary is at the level of 10,000 rubles, and the maximum is in the range of 20,000 - 30,000 rubles. In Moscow, the work of an agronomist is estimated at 19,000 rubles. Specialists who are engaged in research activities may also receive state awards and other types of monetary rewards. Unfortunately, they are not very large. In general, the work of agronomists in Russia is estimated at an order of magnitude lower than abroad. This is especially evident in those countries that specialize in agriculture (Argentina, Canada and others).

Requirements for an agronomist

An agronomist must be active, absorb new knowledge and methods, be patient, not be afraid of dirt, and be in good health.

What an agronomist should know

The competence of the employee is the main requirement for the position of an agronomist. This means that the specialist must be familiar with biology, organic chemistry, as well as have work experience and have diligence. The knowledge of an agronomist should not be limited to his specialization, since the effectiveness of the result decreases from this.

Where to study and how to become an agronomist

To become a good and qualified agronomist, it is not enough to have a theoretical base that is taught in agricultural institutes. It is very important to have a predisposition to work with the earth. For people who have a specialty related to an agronomist, there are retraining courses. You can master the profession of an agronomist thanks to daytime, part-time or evening forms of education that exist in agricultural institutions throughout the country.

Butakova Anastasia

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The theme of my project is “Profession agronomist”.

My dad has been working at the Yesin farm for several years now. At home, he often talks about his work and what a wonderful agronomist they have. I was very interested in who an "agronomist" is. Dad said that this is such a profession. Then I decided to learn more about this profession and make a project on this topic.

Objective:
determine the importance of the profession of agronomist in agriculture
Tasks:
- find out who an agronomist is;
- find material about this profession in the scientific literature and the Internet;

Find out when this profession appeared;

Learn about the first Russian agronomists;
- meet with a local agronomist Mamonov S.N. in order to obtain information on this topic;
- determine the importance of the agronomist profession in agriculture;

I put forward the following hypothesis:
Agronomist is one of the main professions in agriculture.

Stages of my work:
1. The study of scientific literature and articles from the Internet on this topic;

2. Conversation with agronomist Mamonov S.N.
3. Registration of the collected material in the form of a message and presentation;
4. Summing up the work;
5. Conclusions.

From scientific literature and the Internet, I learned a lot about this interesting profession.

The word "agronomist" comes from two Greek words: "agros" - field and "nomos" - law. An agronomist is a specialist in agriculture. He knows well the laws of agriculture, the laws of agronomy. Knowledge of these laws helps the agronomist grow high yields of agricultural plants.

The profession of an agronomist is very ancient. Already several thousand years ago, the people of Ancient Egypt, China, Greece, Rome and India knew how to properly cultivate and ennoble the land and grow various agricultural plants. The first agronomists were people who were engaged in the cultivation of wild plants with their subsequent cultivation. During the development of agriculture, the specifics of the profession has undergone many changes, but to this day remains an important part of the science of growing cultivated agricultural plants. A specialist sees better than others how plants develop, what they lack, what changes occur in the soil. He is the main conductor of science in the economy, determines the technology of labor, its organization. A significant place in the activity of an agronomist is the planning of the production process. He determines the set of field work, their sequence, beginning and end, the content of field experiments, distributes the means of production; conducts not only production, but also scientific and production work; carefully studies the effectiveness of varietal crops, one or another tillage, various kinds fertilizers.

Several thousand years ago, people knew the rules and instructions for cultivating the land and growing agricultural plants. This can be read in the surviving documents and books of that time. In ancient Russian books one can also find entries on agronomy: how to plow the land, how deep to sow grain, how to grow cabbage and turnips. The first agronomists were people who began to grow wild plants, engage in their domestication. Before the advent of writing, agronomic knowledge was transmitted orally from father to son, from generation to generation.

first known Andrei Timofeevich Bolotov (1738-1833) was a Russian agronomist. He developed new methods for growing grain and vegetable crops, potatoes, flax and hemp and put them into practice.

Great help for agronomists provided the works of famous Russian scientists.

V. V. Dokuchaev (1846-1903) developed ways to restore and increase the fertility of chernozem, K. A. Timiryazev (1843-1920) studied the needs of plants for nutrients, D. N. Pryanishnikov (1865-1948) explained how plants absorb nitrogen, developed methods for applying nitrogen fertilizers. IV Michurin (1855-1935) developed new varieties of fruit and berry crops.

An agronomist is a significant specialist in the field of agriculture. Its tasks include the creation of new varieties of garden, horticultural and field crops. A professional agronomist must also be good at planning, controlling and improving manufacturing process performed by the workers under his subordination. It is the agronomist who is the main conductor of science in agriculture, who must be able to determine the technology and organization of labor.

In order to successfully perform his functions, an agronomist must first of all have such personality traits as initiative, efficiency, creative attitude to work, the ability to be observant, to notice and take into account changes in nature in his work, and, if necessary, make emergency and non-standard decisions. Often, his activity takes place against the background of emotional tension, accompanied by anxiety, for example, in adverse weather conditions, which can nullify everything previously done. Therefore, the will, a developed sense of responsibility for the decisions made are the qualities necessary in this profession.

In our district, agronomists are trained by the Far Eastern State Agrarian University and the Blagoveshchensk Agricultural College.

I met with our local agronomist Mamonov Sergey Nikolaevich. From a conversation with him, I learned that he is a graduate of the Far Eastern Agrarian University. At the university, he underwent military training and is a lieutenant in the reserve. From childhood, he dreamed of becoming an agronomist, working with the land, and his dream came true. In 2008, he graduated from the university and in the same year entered graduate school in absentia, which he graduated in 2012. From 2008 to 2013 he worked at the SOI Institute. And already in 2013 he came to our Sergeevka, where he works as an agronomist to this day.

From Sergey Nikolaevich I learned a lot of interesting things about this profession. He told me that

A modern agronomist is a versatile specialist in agricultural production. He knows everything related to the cultivation of plants, that is, their agricultural technology, to the subtleties: methods of tillage, the timing and methods of sowing and harvesting, the features of caring for crops and plantings. For example, wheat, oats, onions, radishes can be sown early. The seeds of these plants begin to germinate when the soil is still cold. But with the sowing of corn, you have to wait. She loves warm soil. Even later, cucumbers and zucchini are sown. Turnip seeds are very small. Therefore, they must be embedded in the soil at a shallow depth. Peas with rather large seeds are buried in the soil by 5-6 cm, and potato tubers - by 12-15 cm. The agronomist knows well how to care for plants, what and when to apply fertilizers, how much fertilizer should be applied per hectare crops, how to deal with weeds, diseases and pests. Since all work in the fields is carried out by machines, the agronomist understands agricultural machinery.

Future agronomists are preparing themselves for the fact that they will have to work not only with land, seeds, fertilizers, but also with people. Their tasks include planning and organizing work, providing necessary assistance, for example, in the elimination of marriage in work, training and education. Therefore, an agronomist must have organizational and pedagogical skills and abilities. This has a lot to do with labor productivity.

In addition, I found out where agronomists can work

- this is research institutes;

Professional skills, which an agronomist should own is

- the ability to understand the types and characteristics of soils;

• knowledge of the features and stages of development of certain plant crops;
• knowledge in the field of natural sciences: chemistry, physics, biology (botany);
• knowledge of the types and principles of operation of agricultural machinery;
• possession of the basics of laboratory activities

I asked Sergei Nikolaevich about what school subjects helped him in choosing this profession, and he replied that it was biology, physics, chemistry and geography.

And to the special knowledge that he acquired at the university, he attributed soil science; biochemistry; biophysics; ecology, land reclamation and agricultural technology.

Sergei Nikolayevich has been helping the students of our school in experimental work at the school's educational-experimental site for several years now. Under his leadership, the guys lay and conduct experiments with different cultures. Several experiments have been carried out with soy. With one of these works, the guys of grade 9 spoke at a scientific and practical conference in DalGAU and

took the honorary place.

As a result of my work, I learned a lot about agronomists and concluded that

An agronomist is a specialist who knows the science of agriculture and agriculture. This is one of the main professions in agriculture.

Without this profession, it is impossible to grow a crop of vegetables, bread, fruits, fruits.

And I would like to end my project with this poem:

The agronomist has a concern every day -
As soon as the sun comes out, he is already on his feet.
And sometimes it gets awkward...
But duty calls and he is back in business.

The great responsibility of the agronomist -
For the harvest, for the cleanliness of the fields.
He knows so well
Danger of sun and rain.

But the harvest
It's important not to miss anything here.
I became serious, confidently counting
Fee increments and where to place them.

And so from year to year, from century to century ...
A simple man, it seemed
Responsible for our food -
For bread, for pasta and for porridge.

It may be strange, but I will say now:
“Thank you, you are our agronomist,
For all the hard work and hard work.
You are the pride of a million generations!”

“A young agronomist went out into the fields ...” Many years have passed since this song was written, a lot has changed - and the profession of an agronomist is far from romanticization, and you can’t even rank it among the popular ones, it is far from being a lawyer, economist and even a programmer. However, it is safe to say that this is one of the professions without which we cannot live ... physically!

From the Greek language, the word "agronomy" literally translates as "the law of the field." This is the name of the science of one of the branches of agriculture - crop production, agriculture. Agronomy is based on a whole complex of natural sciences: botany, genetics, plant physiology, soil science, and biochemistry ... In turn, agronomy is divided into a number of areas: agrophysics, breeding, crop production, seed science, agricultural entomology, land reclamation, plant pathology.

An agronomist has many responsibilities. He controls the entire process of agricultural production, starting with recommendations for the purchase of seeds. This is followed by the preparation of soils for sowing and planting, the use of fertilizers, the preparation and storage of seeds, planting material, sowing or planting, the fight against pests and plant diseases ... However, the "place of work" of an agronomist is not only a field. He is also developing production plans and calendar charts field work (in the old days - for the collective farm, now - for joint-stock company… in daily work in the field, the difference is small) draws up the corresponding reporting documentation.

We talked about the daily practice of an "ordinary" agronomist, but in agronomy - as in any human activity- there is practice, and there is theory, there is scientific research on which practice can rely. Similar research is being carried out in the field of agronomy. In laboratories and on experimental fields, new technologies for soil cultivation, fertilizers, ways to combat pests and diseases are being developed - and those that would not then “backfire” on people with poisoning and mutations.

What kind of person do you need to be to become an agronomist? First of all, you need to have "iron" health and endurance - there is no place for a pampered city dweller in the countryside. Such work is categorically contraindicated for people who are prone to allergic reactions to certain plants or who often “catch” colds. The ability to make quick decisions and take responsibility for them is essential. And, of course, one must love and feel the earth and vegetable world- truly, as it is sung in the song with which we began our conversation about the profession of an agronomist, to come to the earth "as to your bride."

Since the profession of an agronomist has a scientific basis, it involves higher education, and you can get it at the agronomic faculty of the agrarian university or the agricultural academy. A graduate of such an educational institution will definitely find himself in a large agricultural complex, a farm or a greenhouse, and maybe even in a research institute of the corresponding profile.

But wherever agronomists work, it is safe to say that it depends on them whether we will be full tomorrow. And the responsibility for the coming victory in the "battle for import substitution" also lies with agronomists to a large extent.

Butakova Anastasia

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The theme of my project is “Profession agronomist”.

My dad has been working at the Yesin farm for several years now. At home, he often talks about his work and what a wonderful agronomist they have. I was very interested in who an "agronomist" is. Dad said that this is such a profession. Then I decided to learn more about this profession and make a project on this topic.

Objective:
determine the importance of the profession of agronomist in agriculture
Tasks:
- find out who an agronomist is;
- find material about this profession in the scientific literature and the Internet;

Find out when this profession appeared;

Learn about the first Russian agronomists;
- meet with a local agronomist Mamonov S.N. in order to obtain information on this topic;
- determine the importance of the agronomist profession in agriculture;

I put forward the following hypothesis:
Agronomist is one of the main professions in agriculture.

Stages of my work:
1. The study of scientific literature and articles from the Internet on this topic;

2. Conversation with agronomist Mamonov S.N.
3. Registration of the collected material in the form of a message and presentation;
4. Summing up the work;
5. Conclusions.

From scientific literature and the Internet, I learned a lot about this interesting profession.

The word "agronomist" comes from two Greek words: "agros" - field and "nomos" - law. An agronomist is a specialist in agriculture. He knows well the laws of agriculture, the laws of agronomy. Knowledge of these laws helps the agronomist grow high yields of agricultural plants.

The profession of an agronomist is very ancient. Already several thousand years ago, the people of Ancient Egypt, China, Greece, Rome and India knew how to properly cultivate and ennoble the land and grow various agricultural plants. The first agronomists were people who were engaged in the cultivation of wild plants with their subsequent cultivation. During the development of agriculture, the specifics of the profession has undergone many changes, but to this day remains an important part of the science of growing cultivated agricultural plants. A specialist sees better than others how plants develop, what they lack, what changes occur in the soil. He is the main conductor of science in the economy, determines the technology of labor, its organization. A significant place in the activity of an agronomist is the planning of the production process. He determines the set of field work, their sequence, beginning and end, the content of field experiments, distributes the means of production; conducts not only production, but also scientific and production work; carefully studies the effectiveness of varietal crops, one or another tillage, and the application of various types of fertilizers.

Several thousand years ago, people knew the rules and instructions for cultivating the land and growing agricultural plants. This can be read in the surviving documents and books of that time. In ancient Russian books one can also find entries on agronomy: how to plow the land, how deep to sow grain, how to grow cabbage and turnips. The first agronomists were people who began to grow wild plants and domesticate them. Before the advent of writing, agronomic knowledge was transmitted orally from father to son, from generation to generation.

first known Andrei Timofeevich Bolotov (1738-1833) was a Russian agronomist. He developed new methods for growing grain and vegetable crops, potatoes, flax and hemp and put them into practice.

Great help for agronomists provided the works of famous Russian scientists.

V. V. Dokuchaev (1846-1903) developed ways to restore and increase the fertility of chernozem, K. A. Timiryazev (1843-1920) studied the needs of plants for nutrients, D. N. Pryanishnikov (1865-1948) explained how plants absorb nitrogen, developed methods for applying nitrogen fertilizers. IV Michurin (1855-1935) developed new varieties of fruit and berry crops.

An agronomist is a significant specialist in the field of agriculture. Its tasks include the creation of new varieties of garden, horticultural and field crops. A professional agronomist must also be good at planning, controlling and improving the production process carried out by the workers under his supervision. It is the agronomist who is the main conductor of science in agriculture, who must be able to determine the technology and organization of labor.

In order to successfully perform his functions, an agronomist must first of all have such personality traits as initiative, efficiency, creative attitude to work, the ability to be observant, to notice and take into account changes in nature in his work, and, if necessary, make emergency and non-standard decisions. Often, his activity takes place against the background of emotional tension, accompanied by anxiety, for example, in adverse weather conditions, which can nullify everything previously done. Therefore, the will, a developed sense of responsibility for the decisions made are the qualities necessary in this profession.

In our district, agronomists are trained by the Far Eastern State Agrarian University and the Blagoveshchensk Agricultural College.

I met with our local agronomist Mamonov Sergey Nikolaevich. From a conversation with him, I learned that he is a graduate of the Far Eastern Agrarian University. At the university, he underwent military training and is a lieutenant in the reserve. From childhood, he dreamed of becoming an agronomist, working with the land, and his dream came true. In 2008, he graduated from the university and in the same year entered graduate school in absentia, which he graduated in 2012. From 2008 to 2013 he worked at the SOI Institute. And already in 2013 he came to our Sergeevka, where he works as an agronomist to this day.

From Sergey Nikolaevich I learned a lot of interesting things about this profession. He told me that

A modern agronomist is a versatile specialist in agricultural production. He knows everything related to the cultivation of plants, that is, their agricultural technology, to the subtleties: methods of tillage, the timing and methods of sowing and harvesting, the features of caring for crops and plantings. For example, wheat, oats, onions, radishes can be sown early. The seeds of these plants begin to germinate when the soil is still cold. But with the sowing of corn, you have to wait. She loves warm soil. Even later, cucumbers and zucchini are sown. Turnip seeds are very small. Therefore, they must be embedded in the soil at a shallow depth. Peas with rather large seeds are buried in the soil by 5-6 cm, and potato tubers - by 12-15 cm. The agronomist knows well how to care for plants, what and when to apply fertilizers, how much fertilizer should be applied per hectare crops, how to deal with weeds, diseases and pests. Since all work in the fields is carried out by machines, the agronomist understands agricultural machinery.

Future agronomists are preparing themselves for the fact that they will have to work not only with land, seeds, fertilizers, but also with people. Their tasks include planning and organizing work, providing the necessary assistance, for example, in eliminating marriage in work, training and education. Therefore, an agronomist must have organizational and pedagogical skills and abilities. This has a lot to do with labor productivity.

In addition, I found out where agronomists can work

- this is research institutes;

Professional skills, which an agronomist should own is

- the ability to understand the types and characteristics of soils;

• knowledge of the features and stages of development of certain plant crops;
• knowledge in the field of natural sciences: chemistry, physics, biology (botany);
• knowledge of the types and principles of operation of agricultural machinery;
• possession of the basics of laboratory activities

I asked Sergei Nikolaevich about what school subjects helped him in choosing this profession, and he replied that it was biology, physics, chemistry and geography.

And to the special knowledge that he acquired at the university, he attributed soil science; biochemistry; biophysics; ecology, land reclamation and agricultural technology.

Sergei Nikolayevich has been helping the students of our school in experimental work at the school's educational-experimental site for several years now. Under his leadership, the guys lay and conduct experiments with different cultures. Several experiments have been carried out with soy. With one of these works, the guys of grade 9 spoke at a scientific and practical conference in DalGAU and

took the honorary place.

As a result of my work, I learned a lot about agronomists and concluded that

An agronomist is a specialist who knows the science of agriculture and agriculture. This is one of the main professions in agriculture.

Without this profession, it is impossible to grow a crop of vegetables, bread, fruits, fruits.

And I would like to end my project with this poem:

The agronomist has a concern every day -
As soon as the sun comes out, he is already on his feet.
And sometimes it gets awkward...
But duty calls and he is back in business.

The great responsibility of the agronomist -
For the harvest, for the cleanliness of the fields.
He knows so well
Danger of sun and rain.

But the harvest
It's important not to miss anything here.
I became serious, confidently counting
Fee increments and where to place them.

And so from year to year, from century to century ...
A simple man, it seemed
Responsible for our food -
For bread, for pasta and for porridge.

It may be strange, but I will say now:
“Thank you, you are our agronomist,
For all the hard work and hard work.
You are the pride of a million generations!”

Agronomist(from Greek. agronomos, from agros- field and nómos - law) - an agricultural specialist with comprehensive knowledge in the field of growing and harvesting plants. The profession is suitable for those who are interested in biology (see choosing a profession for interest in school subjects).

Features of the profession

An agronomist is one of the key figures in an agricultural enterprise. The main task of the agronomist is the management of agricultural production and its improvement.

The farm can grow bread, vegetables, fruits, forage grasses, sunflowers, etc. - depending on the climate, soil, market demand. The agronomist determines which varieties are best grown, chooses which field work and at what time to carry out. For example, when growing cucumbers, he chooses the time for sowing seeds, planting seedlings in the field, watering, weeding and harvesting. He is in charge of all these processes.

Thanks to his knowledge, an agronomist can better than others assess the condition of the soil, understand whether plants are developing well. In submission to the agronomist - machine operators and field farmers. He organizes their work, training, timely assistance in case of difficulties. Labor productivity in the economy, and hence profitability, depends on this.

The beginnings of agronomy appeared when people began to domesticate wild plants. Cultivation advice is found in ancient written sources. The first known Russian agronomists were A. T. Bolotov (1738-1833) and I. M. Komov (1750-1792). They developed new methods for growing grain and vegetable crops, potatoes, flax and hemp and put them into practice.

Agronomists were greatly assisted by the works of famous Russian scientists. V. V. Dokuchaev (1846-1903) developed ways to restore and increase the fertility of chernozem, K. A. Timiryazev (1843-1920) studied the needs of plants for nutrients, D. N. Pryanishnikov (1865-1948) explained how plants absorb nitrogen, developed methods for applying nitrogen fertilizers. IV Michurin (1855-1935) developed new varieties of fruit and berry crops.

The agronomist closely monitors the yield and weather resistance of various varieties. Evaluates the effectiveness of methods of tillage, fertilizers. In other words, it conducts research and production work. This allows you to choose the best varieties and working methods in the future. However, agriculture is very dependent on the weather. And an experienced agronomist, when planning work, takes into account possible weather vagaries. This does not always work out: the risk of losing the crop increases both in rainy years and in drought years. If the lack of moisture can be dealt with to some extent with the help of irrigation systems, then prolonged rains and unexpected frosts require special measures.

Workplace

Agronomists work on state farms, collective farms, farms.

Salary as of 03/28/2019

Russia 20000-60000 ₽

Moscow 50000-120000 ₽

Important qualities

An agronomist must be a responsible and proactive person, easy-going, capable of making emergency non-standard decisions. A creative attitude to work and observation, organizational skills are necessary.

Knowledge and skills

An agronomist must be able to organize the production of agricultural crops, understand the principles of crop rotation, fertilization, and other methods of agricultural technology, be able to organize seed production, obtain new varieties, and conduct scientific research.

To do this, you need to know general biology and botany, agriculture, crop production, agrochemistry, land reclamation, the basics of breeding and seed production, and the economics of the industry.

The profession of "agronomist" is quiet, modest, but one of those that absolutely every one of us needs. After all, the results of the work of agronomists directly affect our health.

Average salary: 35,000 rubles per month

Demand

Payability

Competition

entry barrier

prospects

The word "agronomist" comes from the Greek words "nomos" (law) and "agros" (field). People began to study the laws of agriculture for a long time. After all, the development of mankind depended on a rich harvest on cultivated lands. The first agronomists were people who guessed to switch from the tedious search and gathering of wild plants to their cultivation. In numerous historical written sources belonging to China, India, Ancient Rome and Egypt, which are thousands of years old, there are many records with valuable information on how to properly plow the land, sow grain, grow vegetables and fruits.

Description and characteristics of the profession

An agronomist is one of the main specialists in the field of agriculture. He examines the conditions in which the crops, seedlings and seedlings are located, determines the weather conditions, the criteria for heat and moisture, the methods of tillage, the amount of fertilizer used to determine whether the plants develop correctly, which is not enough for normal growth, increasing the yield. The main task of an agronomist is to increase crop yields in optimal and environmentally friendly ways.

In this work, in addition to production, creative and scientific components are essential. The agronomist constantly monitors nature, experiments with plants. At the same time, he also acts as an organizer of agricultural work related to tillage, sowing or planting seedlings and seedlings in the ground, caring for plants and harvesting.

Directions, specialties and educational institutions according to the profile of training

Training programs in the direction of "Agronomy" are available in many educational institutions of higher and secondary vocational education throughout the country, with the exception of those located beyond the Arctic Circle.

It studies:

• crop production;
• Horticulture and viticulture;
• Feed production;
• Agribusiness;
• Meadow landscapes and lawns;
• Breeding and genetics of agricultural crops;
• Plant protection.

The leading university in the specialty "agronomy" is the Russian Agrarian University. K.A. Timiryazeva(previously it was called the Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev.)

Other universities providing high quality learning:

• Moscow State Agroengineering University named after V.P. Goryachkin;
• Kazan State Agrarian University;
• Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin;
• Saratov State Agrarian University named after N.I. Vavilov;
• St. Petersburg State Agrarian University.

Graduates of these educational institutions will be willingly hired both in the farm and in the agricultural holding.

For admission, you need the results of the exam in the following subjects:

• biology (profile),
• Russian language,
• physics, mathematics, geography, informatics and ICT, chemistry (at the choice of the university),
• foreign language (at the discretion of the university).

If you want to get up early and start earning money on your own, then the option of obtaining a secondary vocational education is suitable. educational institutions there are about fifty of this kind in the country (most of all - in Tatarstan: there are four of them), so it will not be difficult to choose the one closest to the house. It is convenient that admission is carried out according to the competition of certificates, without USE results. Subsequently, you can complete your education at the Russian State Agrarian Correspondence University.

Professional responsibilities

To fulfill his main task, the agronomist must:

• ensure the rational use of agricultural land using environmentally friendly technologies;
• select plant varieties in accordance with the characteristics of the climate;
• check the quality of seeds and prepare them for sowing;
• inspect lands in order to identify diseases and pests of plants;
• think over a scheme for pest control without harming plants, soil and people;
• determine the methods of fertilization and calculate the doses of applied top dressings;
• draw up crop rotation schemes;
• control the quality of products and the conditions of their primary processing;
• monitor the progress of field work and adjust their plan if necessary.

In addition, an agronomist must conduct research on the effectiveness of new technologies and mechanisms, advise management on any issue within his competence, calculate economic efficiency production and even make weather forecasts.

Who suits

Of course, only a person who has been accustomed to working on the land and enthusiastic about it since childhood can become a real agronomist.

An agronomist must have:

• analytical mind;
• a sense of responsibility;
• organization and self-discipline;
• observation;
• scrupulousness;
• communication and organizational skills.

In addition, it must be borne in mind that this is quite a hard job, because you have to work in all weather conditions, walk a lot, and take part in it yourself during harvesting. So the working day of an agronomist in a hot season lasts from early dawn until dark.

Wage

Unfortunately, it cannot be said that such intense and responsible work is highly paid. Wage an ordinary agronomist is from 12,000 rubles. With the acquisition of experience, it grows, but rarely goes beyond 25 thousand, although some vacancies offer more than 40,000. The complexity of employment is also due to the requirement of employers to have at least a year of work experience. Often, novice specialists must undergo practical training after graduation as an agronomist's assistant. Assistant salaries can be below 12,000.

True, it must be taken into account that, in addition to the salary, the agronomist, as a rule, receives income in kind - the products of the agricultural enterprise. At the same time, he must have his own personal plot.

How to build a career

You should not expect a career take-off in this profession either: usually this is the path to the chief agronomist. In large agricultural firms, you can take the post of deputy head, in agricultural holdings - become the head of the direction. A fairly common option is to go into farming, work for yourself. In this case, there will also be no huge incomes: most of the country is located in the zone of risky farming. Another way - narrow specialization, for example, in the fight against pests or plant diseases. In this case, you can serve several households. It is also impossible to rule out switching to related areas - landscape gardening, work in ornamental plant nurseries.

Prospects for the profession

But the prospects for the profession inspire optimism: no matter what happens, there will always be people. Therefore, agricultural specialists will always be in demand.

Man in ancient times began to cultivate the land, to grow grain and vegetable crops. Over time, agronomy appeared - an important science based on the study of agricultural production. An agronomist is a person who is a conductor of this science in agriculture. This is one of the most important professions in the village. The result of labor in the agricultural industry largely depends on the specialist.

What does an agronomist do

What does an agronomist do and what does he do? Currently, the profession is in demand in agricultural enterprises, large farms, as well as in fruit nurseries and greenhouses. This specialist is responsible for the cultivation of agricultural products.

The result of the agronomist's work is visible after harvesting. The efficiency of his work is determined by the productivity indicators.

With the onset of autumn, the agronomist has new worries. He must ensure the safety of the grown crop, prepare high-quality seeds for the new planting year.

How to become an agronomist

From early spring to late autumn, agronomists spend most of their working time outdoors, in the field. For rather long periods of time (during sowing, fodder harvesting, harvesting), the agronomist has an irregular working day.

This specialist organizes the work of tractor drivers, combine operators, drivers. An agronomist needs to be able to find a common language with a team of agricultural workers.

One of the main features of this profession is that the work of these specialists depends on weather conditions. Protracted rains or, conversely, drought can lead to a sharp drop in productivity. In this case, all the efforts of agronomists become largely in vain.

A person who decides to devote himself to agronomy must possess the following qualities:

• the ability to think independently and make responsible decisions;
• the ability to predict the various stages of agricultural production;
• organizational skills;
• physical and emotional endurance;
• observation.

The salary of a specialist varies depending on the qualification and region. detailed information presented in the diagram.

Do not miss:

Pros and cons of being an agronomist

Advantages:

• variety of activities;
• significance for society;
• spends a lot of time outdoors.

Flaws:

• unfavorable working conditions;
• dependence of labor results on natural and climatic conditions;
• low wages typical for agricultural specialists.

Where to study as an agronomist

• Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Agricultural Academy. K. A. Timiryazev;
• Novosibirsk State Agrarian University;
• Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University;
• Blagoveshchensk Agricultural Institute;
• St. Petersburg State Agrarian University.