1 WHAT SHOULD THE OFFICE TEMPERATURE BE? on Thu Mar 31, 7:11 am

Messages. 39

Date of registration. -03-27

Where. Orenburg

In order to make it pleasant and comfortable for the employee to work, as well as to ensure that his work is efficient and effective, and the functional state, working capacity and health of the employee are not affected, SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 “Hygienic requirements for the microclimate” were developed. industrial premises”, approved by the Decree of the State Committee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision of Russia dated 01.10.96 No. 21.

In accordance with clause 1.2 of SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96, sanitary rules apply to microclimate indicators at workplaces of all types of industrial premises and are mandatory for all enterprises and organizations.

Sections 5 and 6 of SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 provide for optimal microclimatic conditions and permissible microclimatic conditions in relation to the performance of work of various categories in the cold and warm periods of the year.

So, for example, for employees in the field of management who work while sitting with little physical stress (category Ia), the air temperature in the room during the cold period of time should be 22-24 degrees Celsius, and in the warm period - 23-25 ​​degrees.

The rules establish that when the air temperature at the workplace is above or below the permissible values, the time spent at the workplace (continuously or in total per shift) should be limited. For example, at a room air temperature of 29 degrees, the time spent by an employee in the workplace should not exceed 3–6 hours, depending on the category of work.

However, Art. 163 Labor Code The Russian Federation established that the employer is obliged to provide acceptable conditions for the employees to fulfill the production standards. Therefore, in case of violation of the temperature regime, the employer is obliged to take appropriate measures to eliminate them. It can be either a new ventilation system or the installation of a conventional office air conditioner or a (multi) split system.

In case of detection of violations of sanitary standards during the inspection by the Sanitary and Epidemiological Service Russian Federation(SES of Russia) an organization may be held administratively liable. So, for violation of existing sanitary rules, a fine from 10 to 20 thousand rubles is imposed on a legal entity. or suspension of activities for up to 90 days (Article 6.3 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation). Employees have the right to complain about non-compliance with sanitary standards and call labor inspection.

Each organization is free to choose its own policy to address violations of the temperature regime in the office and at the enterprise. However, the installation of climate technology helps to maintain the pace of productivity, and the money invested will pay off not only in this, but also in subsequent periods, because there are split systems that are designed not only for cooling, but also for heating. So, such climate technology can come in handy in the subsequent cold period.

In the heat, the working day should be shorter

Should an employer shorten the working day in hot weather if the premises in which people work are not equipped with air conditioning? I heard that if the air temperature in the room is above 25 degrees, the working day should be reduced. Is it so? Lyudmila (Kursk).

Answered by lawyer Anna GVOZDITSKIKH: SanPiN 2.2.4.54896 Hygienic requirements for the microclimate of industrial premises states that in order to protect workers from possible overheating or cooling, when the air temperature at the workplace is above or below the permissible values, the time spent at the workplace (continuously or in total for work shift) should be limited.

The specified SanPiN, of course, refers to the state regulatory requirements for labor protection and primarily addresses issues of labor protection. It refers to the limitation of the time spent by employees in the workplace when the maximum permissible temperatures are exceeded on a working day (shift). However, the concept of residence time is not identical to the concept of working time.

This SanPiN establishes an obligation for the employer to modify the mode of work and rest of work, as required by Article 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, so that the time spent at the workplace with unfavorable production factors meet hygienic requirements. It seems that this duty can be fulfilled different ways(let workers go home earlier, introduce additional breaks, equip a rest room, move to another workplace And so on).

If the employer does not fulfill this obligation, he simultaneously commits two offenses:

– violation of sanitary rules, as workplaces do not comply with these rules in terms of temperature indicators

– violation of labor legislation, namely labor protection standards, as employees work in adverse conditions.

This means that if the employer does not limit the time spent at the workplace at elevated temperatures, does not provide the employee with another job, it turns out that the time spent at the workplace becomes equal to the duration daily work(shifts).

Consequently, in this case, indeed, overtime hours arise for employees, since they work on the initiative of the employer outside the working hours established for them. Thus, employees can be advised to file complaints with the authorities Federal Service for supervision in the field of consumer protection and human well-being (Rospotrebnadzor) or labor inspectorates. The fine established by the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation for legal entities for violations of sanitary rules, comparable to the cost of purchasing and installing air conditioners and fans.

The table below shows the possible time spent at workplaces at air temperatures above the permissible values:

Air temperature at the workplace, C / Stay time, no more than, hour

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The Decree of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus dated April 30, No. 33 approved the Sanitary Norms and Rules Requirements for the microclimate of workplaces in industrial and office premises. as well as hygienic standard Indicators of the microclimate of industrial and office premises

Sanitary norms and rules establish requirements for optimal and permissible microclimate parameters at workplaces in industrial and office premises of organizations of all forms of ownership, individuals, incl. individual entrepreneurs in order to prevent adverse effects on the well-being, functional state, performance and health of a person.

Indicators characterizing the microclimate in industrial and office premises, are:

• air temperature
• surface temperature
• relative humidity
• air speed
• heat exposure intensity

When the air temperature is above or below the permissible values, the tenant (along with the use of protection measures against the effects of air temperature) must take measures organizational nature to regulate the time spent by employees in these conditions

IN industrial premises, in which the permissible values ​​of the microclimate parameters cannot be established due to technological requirements to the production process or economically justified inexpediency, microclimatic conditions must be regarded as harmful and dangerous. in which the employer should use measures to protect workers, including air conditioning, air showers, the use of means personal protection, the creation of premises for recreation and heating, as well as regulate the time of work during harmful conditions labor.

In the hygienic standard given:

• optimal values ​​of microclimate parameters at workplaces of industrial and office premises
• permissible values ​​of microclimate parameters at workplaces of industrial and office premises
• allowable values ​​of air temperature difference during a horizontal shift, depending on the category of energy consumption of work
• permissible values ​​of the range of air speed depending on the category of energy consumption of work at an air temperature at workplaces ranging from 26 to 28 C
• values ​​of the maximum allowable values ​​of relative air humidity at an air temperature at workplaces of 25 C and above
• permissible values ​​of the intensity of thermal irradiation of the worker's body surface from industrial sources
• permissible values ​​of air temperature in the presence of thermal exposure of an employee, depending on the category of energy consumption of work
• permissible values ​​of the THC-index, taking into account the duration of the thermal load of the medium (in hours), the upper limit
• allowable air temperature in the sanitary premises of industrial and office premises during the cold season
• the maximum time for an employee to stay at the workplace at an air temperature above the permissible values:
• the maximum time spent by an employee at the workplace at an air temperature below the permissible values.

Decree entered into force on 24.05. of the year.

Also, this decision are declared invalid Sanitary rules and norms Hygienic requirements for the microclimate of industrial premises N 9-80-98, approved by the decision of the Main State sanitary doctor Republic of Belarus dated March 25, 1999 No. 12.

Question-answer on the topic

Question

The temperature in the office is 30 degrees. When reducing the working day on the basis of SanPin - how should the working day be paid? Does the employer have the right to pay for reduced time, as two-thirds of the salary? The salary of an employee consists of salary, length of service, bonus

Answer

No, he has no right.

The absence of employees from the workplace is paid in the generally established manner - as for the time actually worked (that is, as if the employee was working at that time).

See below for documentation.

The rationale for this position is given below in the materials of the Glavbukh System

There is no unequivocal answer to this question in the legislation. Official clarifications of the regulatory authorities on this issue missing.

The employer is obliged to provide employees with labor safety and conditions that meet the requirements of labor protection and hygiene * (Article 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). Sanitary rules and norms that the employer must adhere to when organizing production process, are given in SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96. approved by the Decree of the State Committee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision of Russia dated October 1, 1996 No. 21. In particular, this document lists the permissible (limit) values ​​of indoor air temperature depending on the categories of employees. If the air temperature exceeds these standards, then the time spent by employees at the workplace should be limited * (clause 1 of Appendix No. 3 SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96, approved by the Decree of the State Committee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision of Russia dated October 1, 1996 No. 21).

An organization can reduce the time spent by employees in the workplace in various ways, for example: *

- introduce additional breaks during the working day

- reduce the length of the working day.

The procedure for the employer's actions in case of violation of the temperature regime at the workplace is written in the internal local document of the organization, for example, in the Rules work schedule* (Article 8. 189 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

At the same time, if the temperature regime in the room does not meet acceptable standards, such a deviation must be documented. To do this, the head of the organization issues an order to create a commission for temperature measurements. * The procedure for measuring the temperature regime is given in section 7 SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96, approved by the Decree of the State Committee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision of Russia dated October 1, 1996 No. 21. Based on the results of the measurement, draw up a protocol * (p 7.14 SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96, approved by the Decree of the State Committee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision of Russia dated October 1, 1996 No. 21). After that, the head of the organization must decide to take measures to reduce the length of stay of employees at the workplace by issuing an order. *

The Labor Code of the Russian Federation does not say how to pay for the absence of employees in connection with the implementation of measures to reduce their stay at the workplace. At the same time, the holding of such events is the obligation, and not the right of the employer * (clause 1.2 SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96, clause 1 of Appendix No. 3 SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96, approved by the Decree of the State Committee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision of Russia dated October 1, 1996 No. 21). This basis allows us to conclude that the absence of employees from the workplace is paid in the generally established manner - as for the actual hours worked (i.e., as if the employee was working at that time).*

In addition, if a violation of safety and working conditions leads to a danger to the health or life of employees, they have the right to refuse to perform work * (paragraph 5, part 1, article 219 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). In this case, pay for the temporary suspension of work as simple. arising through the fault of the employer* (Article 157 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

Attention: for non-compliance with labor protection rules, administrative and criminal liability is provided * (part 1. 2 of article 5.27 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, article 143 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation).

deputy director of the department

education and human resources of the Ministry of Health of Russia

2. Shapes: Labor regulations (fragment). Shortening of the working day due to non-compliance with the temperature regime by the employer

Sanitary rules and norms SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 "Hygienic requirements for the microclimate of industrial premises" (approved by the Decree of the State Committee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision of the Russian Federation of October 1, 1996 N 21)

See also Sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations SanPiN 2.2.4.1294-03 "Hygienic requirements for the aeroionic composition of the air in industrial public premises", approved by the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation on April 18, 2003.

Hygienic requirements for occupational microclimate

Relative humidity;

air speed;

Intensity of thermal irradiation.

5. Optimal microclimate conditions

5.1. Optimal microclimatic conditions are established according to the criteria for the optimal thermal and functional state of a person. They provide a general and local feeling of thermal comfort during an 8-hour work shift with minimal stress on thermoregulatory mechanisms, do not cause deviations in health status, create prerequisites for a high level of performance and are preferred in the workplace.

5.2. The optimal values ​​of the microclimate indicators must be observed at the workplaces of industrial premises where operator-type work associated with neuro-emotional stress is performed (in cabins, on consoles and control posts for technological processes, in computer rooms, etc.). The list of other jobs and types of work in which optimal microclimate values ​​must be ensured are determined by the Sanitary Rules for individual industries and other documents agreed with the bodies of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance in the prescribed manner.

See Rules for labor protection in logging, woodworking industries and during forestry work POT RM 001 - 97, approved by Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of March 21, 1997 N 15

5.3. The optimal parameters of the microclimate at the workplace must correspond to the values ​​given in

5.4. Changes in air temperature along the height and horizontally, as well as changes in air temperature during the shift, while ensuring optimal microclimate values ​​at workplaces, should not exceed 2 ° C and go beyond the values ​​\u200b\u200bspecified in Table 1 for certain categories of work.

Table 1

6. Permissible microclimate conditions

6.1. Permissible microclimatic conditions are established according to the criteria for the permissible thermal and functional state of a person for the period of an 8-hour working day. They do not cause damage or health problems, but can lead to general and local sensations of thermal discomfort, tension in the mechanisms of thermoregulation, deterioration in well-being and decreased performance.

6.2. Permissible values ​​of microclimate indicators are established in cases where, due to technological requirements, technical and economically justified reasons, optimal values ​​cannot be provided.

6.3. Permissible values ​​​​of microclimate indicators at workplaces must correspond to the values ​​\u200b\u200bgiven in in relation to the performance of work of various categories in the cold and warm periods of the year.

6.4. When ensuring acceptable microclimate values ​​at workplaces:

The difference in air temperature along the height should be no more than 3 ° C;

The horizontal air temperature difference, as well as its changes during the shift, should not exceed: at - 4°C; at - 5°C; at - 6°C.

In this case, the absolute values ​​of the air temperature should not go beyond the values ​​specified in for certain categories of work.

6.5. At an air temperature at workplaces of 25 ° C and above, the maximum allowable values ​​of relative air humidity should not exceed:

70% - at an air temperature of 25°C;

65% - at an air temperature of 26°C;

60% - at an air temperature of 27°C;

55% - at an air temperature of 28°C.

6.6. At an air temperature of 26-28°C, the air velocity indicated in Table 2 for the warm period of the year should correspond to the range:

0.1-0.2 m/s - for work category Ia;

0.1-0.3 m/s - for work category Ib;

0.2-0.4 m / s - for the category of work IIa;

table 2

Permissible values ​​of microclimate indicators at workplaces of industrial premises

6.7. Permissible values ​​of the intensity of thermal exposure of workers at workplaces from industrial sources heated to a dark glow (materials, products, etc.) must correspond to the values ​​\u200b\u200bgiven in Table 3.

Table 3

6.8. Permissible values ​​of the intensity of thermal exposure of workers from radiation sources heated to white and red glow (hot or molten metal, glass, flame, etc.) should not exceed 140 W / sq.m. At the same time, more than 25% of the body surface should not be exposed to radiation, and the use of personal protective equipment, including face and eye protection, is mandatory.

6.9. In the presence of thermal exposure of workers, the air temperature at the workplace should not exceed, depending on the category of work, the following values:

25 ° С - for the category of work Ia;

24 ° C - for the category of work Ib;

22 ° С - for the category of work IIa;

21 ° C - for the category of work IIb;

20°C - for category III works.

6.10. In industrial premises in which the permissible standard values ​​of microclimate indicators cannot be established due to technological requirements for the production process or economically justified inexpediency, microclimate conditions should be considered as harmful and dangerous. In order to prevent the adverse effects of the microclimate, protective measures should be used (for example, local air conditioning systems, air showering, compensation for the adverse effects of one microclimate parameter by changing another, overalls and other personal protective equipment, rooms for rest and heating, regulation of working hours, in particular , breaks in work, reduction of the working day, increase in the duration of vacation, decrease in work experience, etc.).

6.11. To assess the combined impact of microclimate parameters in order to implement measures to protect workers from possible overheating, it is recommended to use the integral indicator of the thermal load of the environment ( ), the values ​​of which are given in applications 2.

6.12. To regulate the time of work within the working shift in a microclimate with an air temperature in the workplace above or below the permissible values, it is recommended to be guided by And applications 3.

7. Requirements for the organization of control and methods for measuring the microclimate

7.1. Measurements of microclimate indicators in order to control their compliance with hygienic requirements should be carried out in the cold season - on days with an outside temperature that differs from the average temperature of the coldest month of winter by no more than 5 ° C, in the warm season - on days with an outside temperature air, which differs from the average maximum temperature of the hottest month by no more than 5 ° C. The frequency of measurements in both periods of the year is determined by the stability of the production process, the functioning of technological and sanitary equipment.

7.2. When choosing sites and measurement time, it is necessary to take into account all factors affecting the microclimate of workplaces (phases of the technological process, the functioning of ventilation and heating systems, etc.). Measurements of microclimate indicators should be carried out at least 3 times per shift (at the beginning, in the middle and at the end). With fluctuations in microclimate indicators associated with technological and other reasons, it is necessary to carry out additional measurements at the highest and lowest values ​​of thermal loads on workers.

7.3. Measurements should be taken at the workplace. If the workplace is several sections of the production premises, then measurements are carried out on each of them.

7.4. In the presence of sources of local heat release, cooling or moisture release (heated units, windows, doorways, gates, open bathtubs, etc.), measurements should be carried out at each workplace at points that are minimally and maximally remote from thermal impact sources.

7.5. In rooms with a high density of workplaces, in the absence of sources of local heat release, cooling or moisture release, areas for measuring temperature, relative humidity and air velocity should be distributed evenly over the area of ​​​​the room in accordance with Table 4.

Minimum number of measurement sites for temperature, relative humidity and air velocity

7.6. When working while sitting, the temperature and air velocity should be measured at a height of 0.1 and 1.0 m, relative humidity - at a height of 1.0 m from the floor or work platform. For work performed while standing, the temperature and air velocity should be measured at a height of 0.1 and 1.5 m, and the relative humidity of the air at a height of 1.5 m.

7.7. In the presence of sources of radiant heat, thermal exposure at the workplace must be measured from each source, placing the receiver of the device perpendicular to the incident flow. Measurements should be carried out at a height of 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5 m from the floor or platform.

7.8. The temperature of surfaces should be measured in cases where workplaces are removed from them at a distance of no more than two meters. The temperature of each surface is measured in the same way as the air temperature measurement according to item 7.6.

7.9. The temperature and relative humidity of the air in the presence of sources of thermal radiation and air currents at the workplace should be measured with aspiration psychrometers. In the absence of radiant heat and air currents at the measurement sites, the temperature and relative humidity of the air can be measured with psychrometers that are not protected from the effects of thermal radiation and air velocity. Instruments can also be used to measure temperature and humidity separately.

7.10. The speed of air movement should be measured with rotary anemometers (vane, cup, etc.). Small values ​​of air velocity (less than 0.5 m/s), especially in the presence of multidirectional flows, can be measured with thermoelectric anemometers, as well as cylindrical and spherical catathermometers, when they are protected from thermal radiation.

7.11. The surface temperature should be measured with contact devices (such as electrothermometers) or remote ones (pyrometers, etc.).

7.12. The intensity of thermal irradiation should be measured with devices that provide a viewing angle of the sensor close to a hemisphere (at least 160°) and are sensitive in the infrared and visible regions of the spectrum (actinometers, radiometers, etc.).

7.13. The measuring range and the permissible error of measuring instruments must comply with the requirements

7.14. Based on the results of the study, it is necessary to draw up a protocol, which should reflect general information about the production facility, the placement of technological and sanitary equipment, sources of heat release, cooling and moisture release, a diagram of the location of areas for measuring microclimate parameters and other data.

7.15. At the conclusion of the protocol, an assessment of the results of the performed measurements for compliance with regulatory requirements should be given.

Table 5

Attachment 1

(reference)

Characteristics of individual categories of work

2. K category Ia include work with an intensity of energy consumption up to 120 kcal / h (up to 139 W), performed while sitting and accompanied by slight physical stress (a number of professions in precision instrumentation and engineering enterprises, in watchmaking, clothing production, in management, etc.).

3. K category Ib include work with an intensity of energy consumption of 121-150 kcal / h (140-174 W), performed while sitting, standing or walking and accompanied by some physical stress (a number of professions in the printing industry, at communications enterprises, controllers, craftsmen in various types of production and etc.).

4. K category II include work with an energy intensity of 151-200 kcal / h (175-232 W), associated with constant walking, moving small (up to 1 kg) products or objects in a standing or sitting position and requiring a certain physical stress (a number of professions in mechanical assembly shops of machine-building enterprises, in spinning and weaving, etc.).

5. K category IIb include work with an energy consumption intensity of 201-250 kcal / h (233-290 W), associated with walking, moving and carrying loads up to 10 kg and accompanied by moderate physical stress (a number of professions in mechanized foundry, rolling, forging, thermal, welding machine-building shops and metallurgical enterprises, etc.).

6. K category III include work with an energy intensity of more than 250 kcal / h (more than 290 W), associated with constant movement, moving and carrying significant (over 10 kg) weights and requiring great physical effort (a number of professions in blacksmith shops with manual forging, foundries with manual stuffing and casting molding boxes of machine-building and metallurgical enterprises, etc.).

Appendix 2

Determination of the thermal load index of the environment (THS-index)

1. Index (THS-index) is an empirical indicator that characterizes the combined effect of microclimate parameters (temperature, humidity, air velocity and thermal radiation) on the human body.

2. THC-index is determined on the basis of the temperature of the wet-bulb temperature of the aspiration psychrometer (tw.) and the temperature inside the black ball (tsh).

3. The temperature inside the blackened ball is measured with a thermometer, the tank of which is placed in the center of the blackened hollow ball; tsh reflects the effect of air temperature, surface temperature and air velocity. The blackened sphere shall have a diameter of 90 mm, the smallest possible thickness and an absorption coefficient of 0.95. The temperature measurement accuracy inside the ball is +-0.5°C.

4. TNS-index is calculated according to the equation:

HPS = 0.7 x tw. + 0.3 x tsh.

thermal load of the environment at workplaces where the speed of movement

air do not exceed 0.6 m / s, and the intensity of thermal radiation -

1. In order to protect workers from possible overheating or cooling, when the air temperature at the workplace is above or below the permissible values, the time spent at the workplace (continuously or in total per shift) should be limited to the values ​​\u200b\u200bspecified in And of this application. At the same time, the average shift temperature of the air at which the workers are during the working shift at their workplaces and places of rest should not go beyond the permissible values ​​of the air temperature for the corresponding categories of work specified in Table 2 of these Sanitary Rules.

Table 1

Other indicators of the microclimate (relative air humidity, air velocity, surface temperature, intensity of thermal radiation) at workplaces must be within the allowable values ​​of these Sanitary Rules.

Bibliographic data

1. Guideline R 2.2.4/2.1.8. Hygienic assessment and control of physical factors of production and environment(under approval).

2. Building codes and regulations. SNiP 2.01.01. "Construction climatology and geophysics".

3. Guidelines "Assessment of the thermal state of a person in order to justify hygienic requirements for the microclimate of workplaces and measures to prevent cooling and overheating" N 5168-90 dated 05.03.90. In: Hygienic bases for the prevention of the adverse effects of the industrial microclimate on the human body. V.43, M. 1991, pp. 192-211.

4. Guide R 2.2.013-94. Labor hygiene. Hygienic criteria for assessing working conditions in terms of hazard and hazard factors production environment, severity and intensity of the labor process. Goskomsanepidnadzor of Russia, M, 1994, 42 p.

5. GOST 12.1.005-88 "General sanitary and hygienic requirements for the air of the working area".

6. Building codes and regulations. SNiP 2.04.95-91 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning".

_________________________________________________________________

*(1) The temperature of the surfaces of enclosing structures (walls, ceiling, floor), devices (screens, etc.), as well as technological equipment or its enclosing devices, is taken into account.

*(2) At air temperatures of 25 ° C and above, the maximum values ​​​​of relative air humidity should be taken in accordance with the requirements

*(3) At air temperatures of 26-28 ° C, the air velocity in the warm period of the year should be taken in accordance with the requirements

Naturally, the work itself and the workplace are different. You can not put the working conditions of a loader, a banker and a bulldozer operator on the same level. Each profession has permissible temperature standards in which people are allowed to work. According to "Appendix No. 1 GOST 12.1.005-88 SSBT General sanitary and hygienic requirements for the air of the working area" all types of work are divided into certain categories, which have their own allowable ranges and microclimatic conditions.

In this article, we will talk more about working conditions in the office, or rather, about its temperature regime.

For some, perhaps the following information will be a revelation. Did you know that a temperature that does not meet the standards prescribed in the labor code reduces your work time by the hour?

Now someone giggled, because everyone is well aware that in our country, as a rule, it is difficult to achieve justice and legality, but still. Knowing this information, of course, your working day will not be reduced to one hour, but there will be an extra reason to go home early or demand money for overtime.

Of course, the most active workers can write complaints about the management, which refuses to provide optimal temperature conditions for work. We sincerely believe that you will succeed in this undertaking.

We measure the temperature at the workplace in the office

And so, where to look at the permissible humidity and temperature. “Hygienic requirements for the microclimate of industrial premises. SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 "- this is exactly the official document that you need. It contains clearly defined requirements for temperature regime in the office. Based on these laws, boldly go to the management and demand a workplace that complies with all established rules.

According to certain temperature standards, in the workplace of office workers, in summer time, should not be hotter than 23-25 ​​degrees. If we are talking about the cold season, then 22-24 degrees. permissible readings of the thermometer, provided that the humidity of the air is 40-60%.

Naturally, there are permissible deviation rates, which are only 1 or 2 degrees, no more. During the working day, the temperature can change no more than four degrees.

Approximately in such conditions, you are required to work in the office for 8 hours. When the temperature rises by one degree (for example, the allowable temperature is 25 degrees, but, during the day, it rose by 4 degrees, which is no longer in accordance with the law), demand to leave work early, namely for an hour. That is, if it is 29 degrees, then the working day in the office is only 7 hours, 30 degrees - 6 hours, etc.

When the thermometer in the office crossed the mark of 32.5, after an hour you have the right to go home.

Approximately the same situation in the cold season. At a temperature of 19 degrees, the working day is 7 hours, 18 degrees. - 6 hours, etc.

To accurately determine the temperature, you must hang the thermometer at a height of 1 meter from the floor.

In general, it will be more profitable for an employer to install an air conditioner or heater at the workplace than to pay a fine under the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation for non-compliance with sanitary rules. Therefore, do not be shy and do not be afraid of your superiors. Make sure your workplace is comfortable and pleasant to work in. Rely on all the above laws and regulations, and you will definitely be able to restore justice.

A person spends most of his time at work, and therefore there is a need to comply with certain requirements for the climate in the office.

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Exist regulations, regulating the requirements for microclimate indicators in rooms where people exercise labor activity. It is especially important to observe them in the office, where people are busy with office work, and as a result of physical inactivity, productivity may deteriorate.

Legislation

In the Russian Federation, all sanitary standards are determined by one regulatory document - SanPiN. It contains health and hygiene standards for various areas livelihoods, including employment.

The provisions of SanPiN are binding, since this document contains instructions on the technical, medical and legislative fields.

SanPiN stands for "sanitary rules and norms". The normative document has some similarities with SNIP, but defines the rules that must be observed in a different working structure.

The norms that must be observed at workplaces in the office are fixed by SanPiN No. 2.2.4.548, which sets out the hygienic requirements for the microclimate in production.

Safe workplaces must be provided. Regulations on labor protection are provided for employees of office structures.

Additional regulations adopted federal law No. 52, establishing the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of citizens engaged in labor activities.

The Labor Code, articles 209 and 212, establishes the obligation of employers to comply with SanPiN norms.

In the event that employees are not provided with certain working conditions in the office, and also the requirements for labor protection, hygienic, sanitary, domestic and preventive nature are not met, then legal liability will arise.

Article 163 states what temperature should be maintained in the working premises.

Seasonal rates

Temperature norms in office premises vary depending on the season. The office should be neither too hot nor too cold. The health of people working indoors can be detrimental to exposure to elevated temperatures for extended periods of time.

Taking into account the fact that the office is not properly ventilated, and it accumulates a large number of people, it can adversely affect the labor process. The situation is aggravated by the included office equipment and tight, closed clothing, which is a dress code requirement.

In this regard, at the level of legislation, certain temperature standards were adopted in summer period- from 23 to 25 degrees. Relative humidity should not exceed 60%. In exceptional cases, the temperature may be raised to 28 degrees.a

In the event that the thermometer in the office shows a deviation from the norm even by two degrees, the productivity of work can be sharply reduced, because due to stuffiness in the room, headaches and loss of concentration are possible.

The employer should correct the situation - by putting the air conditioner in the room and providing it correct work. If this is not done, the employee will be forced to endure the heat, which is already a violation of sanitary standards.

According to SanPiN, if the normative indicators in the office are exceeded, the employee has the right to reduce the working day by a certain number of hours:

1. Temperature 29 - 30 degrees - reduction of the working day from 8 to 6 hours.
2. With each subsequent increase in the degree, the day is reduced by another 1 hour.
3. If the indicator reached 32.5 C, then the time spent in the office as a whole should not exceed 1 hour.

Since many citizens note that air conditioning can have a negative effect, and the harm from this is compared with stuffiness and heat, SanPiN requirements were adopted, according to which the employer must observe a certain humidity in the room.

The air movement in the office should be in the range of 0.1 - 0.3 m per second. Workers should not sit directly under the air conditioner as they may get hypothermia if they do so.

Like heat, cold is the enemy of workplace productivity. A person sitting in a chair cannot warm up, as a result, he cannot concentrate. According to the legislation, lowering the temperature in the office to 15 degrees is not permissible. Such standards apply only in some production shops.

In winter, autumn and early spring, according to GOST and SanPiN, the temperature in the room should be from 22 to 24 degrees. During the day, the temperature can jump by 1-2 degrees, maximum 4C, only for a short period of time.

Where to go in case of violation

The task of the employer is to comply with all established by law requirements and provide employees with proper places, otherwise, there is a violation of the rights and interests of employees of the enterprise.

If it is impossible to be at the workplace due to too low or high temperature, and at the same time there are conflicts with the director of the enterprise, the employee can file a complaint with the State Labor Inspectorate. Another option is to apply to the Sanitary-Epidemiological Service.

Upon the fact of the appeal, an inspection will be carried out, after which the specialist will set the conditions that must be met.

After a set period of time, a re-inspection is carried out, and if the employer has not corrected the situation, he is fined, and other measures may be taken.

Employees should not be afraid to contact the Labor Inspectorate to protect their rights, they can ask the employee for confidentiality.

Responsibility

In the event that the requirements for the microclimate in the office are not systematically observed even after the decision is made, the employer is liable.

The inspecting inspector must initially make sure that there is no air conditioning system in hot weather, and heating in cold weather, after which a decision is made on sanctions.

So, if the violations were not eliminated within the time allotted by the inspector, the director of the company is fined up to 12,000 rubles.

If the comments are ignored, a new decision is issued to ban the implementation of activities for three months under Article 6.3 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.

Rights and interests Russian workers protected not only labor law, but also various additional standards - SanPiN, GOST, the code of administrative offenses.

Often, citizens do not even know how to act correctly if the temperature in the office is significantly higher or lower than the norm, and they sit for 8 hours on the spot, as a result of which their health deteriorates significantly. There are two options for protecting rights - filing an application with the Labor Inspectorate or the Epidemiological Service.

What kind external factors affect employee performance? Such a question, of course, should be asked by any leader who wants to take care of his subordinates and increase monthly revenue. Unfortunately, features that are obvious at first glance often go unnoticed. So, for example, at enterprises, both small and large, temperature standards at the workplace are often ignored. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the fact that not every employee will be able to fully work, freezing or suffering from unbearable heat.

Who regulates the weather at work?

Are there official documents regulating such indicators? Yes, there are. These are SanPin norms for temperature in the workplace. The regulations given in them apply to absolutely all companies and all employees (regardless of the size of the company and its nationality).

All information in the norms can be divided into two main blocks: temperature recommendations for different category employees and the responsibility of the employer for their violation. Among other things, the norm of air temperature in the workplace is also regulated by the 212th article of the Labor Code of our country, which states that the employer in without fail is obliged to provide favorable conditions and conditions for work, as well as rest for its employees.

How to protect yourself in the workplace?

What can an employee do if the temperature at the workplace is above normal? If a person is aware of the real risks to their health in such a situation, then it is quite possible to temporarily refuse to perform their official duties. To do this, it is necessary to draw up an official written statement and transfer it to higher management.

The document must contain information that the implementation of the employment contract work poses certain health risks. It would be useful to refer to the 379th article of the Labor Code, which contains information about the legality of such intentions. If the paper is drawn up in accordance with all the rules, then the employee will not only not lose, but will retain all existing rights. However, do not overdo it in your desire to take a break from work, it is likely that the authorities will offer you alternative options.

How to get around the law without breaking it?

The leadership also has its loopholes and detours. The thing is that SanPin in its documentation indicates such a concept as “stay time”, and not “length of the working day”. Simply put, an employer is not always required to let an employee go home early when they are uncomfortable in order to comply with the law. He can take the following actions:

• Organize an additional break in the middle of the working day in a room with more acceptable conditions for relaxation.
• Transfer workers to another location that meets the requirements.

summer workplace temperature

Of course, office employees are most concerned about the temperature standards in the workplace, but it is difficult to say what this trend is connected with. It should be noted that managers, secretaries and other employees of intellectual labor belong to the category of workers with minor physical exertion. It is generally accepted that the normal temperature for them should range from 22.2 to 26.4 (20-28) degrees Celsius. Any deviation from the established figures should lead to a reduction in the working day. The reduction scheme looks like this:

• 28 degrees - 8 hours;
• 28.5 degrees - 7 hours;
• 29 degrees - 6 hours and so on.

According to a similar algorithm, the deadline job duties in the office is reduced to a temperature of 32.5 degrees above zero. With such initial data, no more than one hour is allowed to work. With the above work, it is completely required to cancel or transfer to another room.

temperature in winter

It should be noted that employees in the workplace can suffer not only from stuffiness and heat, but also from cold (such situations are even more dangerous, but they are much less common). What is the minimum acceptable temperature in the workplace? To begin with, let's discuss the algorithm of the day in cool conditions for office workers. The number of working hours for them begins to decrease from 20 degrees according to the following scheme:

• 19 degrees - 7-hour;
• 18 degrees - 6 hours;
• 17 degrees - 5 hours and so on.

The final mark of 13 degrees Celsius implies the work of an office employee in an unheated room for one hour, at lower rates of work it is necessary to cancel altogether.

It should be noted that these rules apply only to production and office rooms, for social objects, the requirements also exist, but are slightly different. For example, the recommended temperature for clinics is about 20-22 degrees.

Classification of all professions

SanPin norms for temperature at the workplace are different for each category of employees. In total, there are three main categories, of which two are also divided into additional subgroups:

• 1a. Energy consumption up to 139 W. Insignificant physical activity, performance of labor duties in a sitting position.
• 1b. Energy consumption from 140 to 174 W. Slight physical exertion when performing duties that can be performed both sitting and standing.
• 2a. Energy consumption from 175 W to 232 W. Moderate physical stress, the need for regular walking, moving loads weighing up to 1 kg in a sitting position.
• 2b. Energy consumption 233-290 W. Active, but moderate physical activity, which consists in constant walking and moving loads weighing up to 10 kilograms.
• 3. Energy consumption from 290 W. Intense load, requiring considerable strength and impact. It consists in walking, carrying large loads.

You should not assume that the higher the category of the employee, the more scrupulously the temperature standards at the workplace should be observed in the summer and in the winter season. In fact, the law requires to protect each person very carefully. Moreover, people engaged in active physical labor endure coolness much easier, as they have the opportunity to warm themselves from the efforts made.

Where to turn for help?

What to do if the temperature standards at the workplace are violated, and the management continues to force employees to work? In this situation, time that goes beyond the boundaries given in the laws can be considered processing. And processing, as you know, should be paid in double size.

Where can I complain about the fact that the temperature standards in the workplace are occasionally or regularly violated? Unfortunately, there is no official institution dealing with this issue. However, if necessary, all their complaints regarding the unsatisfactory organization of conditions in the workplace, employees can send to the local labor inspectorate, which will be able to record the complaint and initiate proceedings on it.

In addition to your wishes for organizing a comfortable temperature at the workplace in your company, you can send them to Rospotrebnadzor, they will also help you resolve a dispute with your employer.

The amount of punishment and its types

What punishment can an unlucky employer run into? The simplest is the usual fine, the size of which can range from 10 to 20 thousand rubles. Much worse for any organization is a temporary suspension of its activities, which can last up to 90 days. To avoid punishment, it is necessary either to improve the existing conditions, or the employee to the required norm in this case.

How to fix violations?

How can you achieve the required temperature at the workplace in summer? Perhaps the only effective way to solve this issue is to install modern air conditioners, as well as maintaining the existing ventilation system at a high level. No open windows and drafts will help create comfortable conditions in the heat, but only ensure the distillation of heated air from room to room. Another disadvantage of this method is the high risk of colds among people in the room.

With regard to the need to increase the air temperature, the most appropriate is the use of a central heating system.