A27. Read the text.

Due to air resistance, the skydiver's rate of descent decreases, which should prevent them from getting injured when landing. The parachute has a large area, and therefore it encounters strong air resistance: when it falls, it has to “push aside” a large number of air molecules, which greatly slows down the fall. Without a parachute, a person would fall like a stone to the ground.

Which of the following sentences correctly conveys main information contained in the text?

1) When falling, a skydiver has to “push aside” a large number of air molecules.

2) A person uses a parachute in order to increase the rate of descent without getting injured when landing.

3) Having a large area, the parachute encounters strong air resistance, which slows down the fall, and therefore the landing becomes slower and safer for the person.

4) The parachute falls to the ground so slowly that the skydiver has time to enjoy the view from above.

Read the text and complete tasks A28-A30; B1-B8; C1.

(1) In those distant former times, at approximately the same level of the collapse of civilizations that we are seeing now, severe denunciatory prophets were born in the peoples, and then barefoot, simple-haired ideas angrily, with a sword and a torch in their hands, burst into reality to produce the necessary sanitary cleaning. (2) Nature has spent too much hope and effort on man to let him die so easily and like a dog. (3) For the last century, the machine of civilization has been operating at critical speeds with the risk of fatal overload. (4) The dust of obsolescence suspended in the air burned the breath more and more.

(5) It would seem that our contemporaries have no reason for special pessimism. (6) After all, everything is moving around so systematically. (7) Progress is in good health and is rushing forward at full gallop. (8) Showcases overflowing with goods sparkle, streams of passers-by, tourists, all sorts of the most modern cars move along the streets. (9) Airliners cover distances in a day that Marco Polo and Afanasy Nikitin took three years to cover. (10) The whole world is pasted over with fascinating posters, calling, using various means, to quietly pass the boredom of life. (11) Museums are no longer enough for cutting-edge works of art, and inquisitive sciences probe the surrounding uncertainty with an extraordinary coefficient of efficiency in order to extract benefits from there for further pleasures. (12) Everyone has outlandish devices in their hands that allow them to communicate almost with the North Pole, which would terrify our ancestors who knew nothing about technology.

(13) But look how the arrows of the pressure gauges that determine spiritual well-being in the world tremble, how the burnt fumes spread from overheated underfoot, overvoltage wires, how the excessively hot air burns the face, what suspicious rumbles crawl along the earth not only from the awakening of the continents or the emergence of innovative ideas, but also from something else ... (14) You experience something similar in a dream, when, having crept up to the door, you hear behind it the secretive, hidden breath of some indescribable creature, which is just waiting for the moment to insert its knee, it opens a little a small crack, and break into your warm, habitable dwelling.

(15) It seems that humanity has approached the finale of the modest eternity allotted to it. (16) And science, breaking through the zero phase of time and physical being with a run, will break into another, still undeveloped mathematical space with the transfer of the intellectual capital of the universe there. (17) The now obvious collapse of yesterday's era will end with an inevitable revision of the sadly unjustified pairing of Good and Evil.

(18) Knowledge helps to look into the abyss, but does not contain instructions on how not to fall into it. (19) Progress itself should be likened to the burning of a fickford cord: our happiness lies in the fact that it is not clear how little is left before the charge.

(By *)

* Leonid Maksimovich Leonov (1899-1994) - Russian Soviet
writer.

A28. Which statement does not match the content of the text?

1) Human society has made significant progress in its moral development over the past centuries.

2) Knowledge alone is not enough for people not to fall into the abyss of non-existence.

3) New ideas, emerging in the bowels of civilization, produce a kind of sanitary cleaning in society.

4) Spiritual well-being in the world has not been achieved.

A29. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

1) In sentences 1-4, reasoning is presented.

2) Sentences 8-12 contain examples of what is said in sentences 5-7.

3) Sentence 13 contains a description element.

4) Proposition 16 contains an argument to the thesis expressed in sentence 15.

A29. Indicate the sentence in which the phraseological unit is used.

Answers to tasks B1-B3 write down in words. Write the answers to tasks B4-B7 in numbers.

IN 1. Indicate the way the word WEAR is formed (sentence 4).

IN 2. From sentences 9-11 write out the name numeral.

AT 3. Indicate the type of subordinating connection in the phrase CALLING TO SHORT (sentence 10).

AT 4. Among sentences 1-10, find a simple one-component impersonal. Write the number of this offer.

AT 5. Among sentences 10-16, find all sentences with a separate common agreed definition. Write the numbers of these proposals.

AT 6. Among sentences 11-19, find complex sentences with consecutive clauses. Write the numbers of these compound sentences.

AT 7. Among sentences 14-17, find one that is connected with the previous one with the help of a union. Write the number of this offer.

AT 8. Read a fragment of a review based on the text that you analyzed while completing tasks A28-A30, B1-B7. Fill in the gaps (A, B, C, D) with the numbers corresponding to the number of the term from the list.

“Prose impresses with its rich imagery and disturbing intonation. The writer uses tropes: (A) in in large numbers(for example, “machine of civilization” in sentence 3, “dust of obsolescence” in sentence 4) and (B) (for example, “the whole world is pasted over ...” in sentence 10), with which lexical means are organically combined: (C) (“ zero phase" in sentence 16, "fickford cord" in sentence 19) to show the paradoxical nature of modern life. And a trope like (D) (“of the indescribable being” in sentence 14) helps convey the writer’s anxiety.”

List of terms:

1) comparative turns

2) metaphors

3) hyperbole

4) phraseological units

5) terms

6) lexical repetition

7) opposition

8) rows of homogeneous members

C1. Write an essay based on the text you read.

Formulate and comment on one of the problems posed by the author of the text (avoid excessive quoting).

Formulate the position of the author (narrator). Write whether you agree or disagree with the point of view of the author of the read text. Explain why. Argue your opinion, relying primarily on the reader's experience, as well as on knowledge and life observations (the first two arguments are taken into account).

The volume of the essay is at least 150 words.

A work written without relying on the text read (not on this text) is not evaluated. If the essay is a paraphrase or a complete rewrite of the source text without any comments, then such work is evaluated by zero points. Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

Topics of control essays:

1. Control essay-reasoning on the topic "The role of language in the life of society" on the article

I. Markina "My tongue is my poor friend"

2. Control essay-reasoning according to the text of A. Fadeev "I remember your hands ..."

3. Control essay on the text

4. Control essay on the text of Yu. Polyakov (about the Great Patriotic War)

Control testing No. 1

1. Indicate the numbers of proposals, which include homogeneous members.

1) Along the Smolensk road - forests, forests, forests. Along the Smolensk road - poles, poles, poles. (B. Okudzhava)

2) Liza's eyebrows did not frown, but trembled. (I. Turgenev)

3) The bright winter sun peeked through our windows. (S. Aksakov)

4) Have pity, have pity, dear ....

5) We can't wait for his return. He is neither dead nor alive, rushing back. (I. Goncharov)

6) Snow lay in heaps on his shoulders, on his hat. (Yu. Yakovlev)

2. Indicate the numbers of proposals that include homogeneous definitions. (The sentences are not punctuated.)

1) And bottomless blue eyes bloom on the far shore. (A. Blok)

2) He was wearing a long tattered black frock coat. (G. Uspensky)

3) Ahead and behind was a gray leaden inhospitable sea. (K. Stanyukovich)

4) It was a long, flat-bottomed, blunt-nosed Nanai boat. (V. Ketlinskaya)

5) On the way, we had a whole field of blooming blue honey grass phacelia. (M. Prishvin)

6) Pale dim stars were barely visible in the sky. (L. Tolstoy)

7) Outside the window, an autumn fine cold day shone with gold. (Yu. German)

3. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put a single punctuation mark - one comma. (The following sentences are not punctuated.)

1) Hoarfrost lay for a long time on the slopes of the roofs and at the well and on the railing of the balcony and on the foliage. ()

2) Semyonov made his way to the window and, with oppressive melancholy and malice in his heart, looked at the inhospitable yard, the impenetrable darkness of a bad winter evening. (N. Pomyalovsky)

3) The sun shone on the newly blossomed foliage and on the young grass and on the shoots of bread and on the ripples of the fast river. (L. Tolstoy)

4) The wave breaks and splashes and splashes into my eyes with salty moisture. ()

5) The wind reached the strength of a hurricane and screeched long and evil in the gear and radio antennas in the wide throat of the steamer pipe. (K. Paustovsky)

(1) In those distant former times, at approximately the same level of the collapse of civilizations that we are seeing now, severe denunciatory prophets were born in the peoples, and then barefoot, simple-haired ideas angrily, with a sword and a torch in their hands, burst into reality to produce the necessary sanitary cleaning. (2) Nature has spent too much hope and effort on man to let him die so easily and like a dog. (Z) For the last century, the machine of civilization has been operating at critical speeds with the risk of fatal overload. (4) The dust of obsolescence suspended in the air burned the breath more and more. (5) It would seem that our contemporaries have no reason for special pessimism. (6) After all, everything is moving around so systematically. (7) Progress is in good health and is rushing forward at full gallop. (8) Showcases overflowing with goods sparkle, streams of passers-by, tourists, all sorts of the most modern cars move along the streets. (9) Airliners cover distances in a day that took Marco Polo and Afanasy Nikitin three years each. (10) The whole world is pasted over with fascinating posters, calling, using various means, to quietly pass the boredom of life. (11) Museums are no longer enough for cutting-edge works of art, and inquisitive sciences probe the surrounding uncertainty with an extraordinary coefficient of efficiency in order to extract benefits from there for further pleasures. (12) Everyone has outlandish devices in their hands that allow them to communicate almost with the North Pole, which would terrify our ancestors who knew nothing about technology. (13) But look how the arrows of the pressure gauges that determine spiritual well-being in the world tremble, how the burnt fumes spread from overheated underfoot, overvoltage wires, how the excessively hot air burns the face, what suspicious rumbles crawl along the earth not only from the awakening of the continents or the emergence of innovative ideas, but also from something else ... (14) You experience something similar in a dream, when, having crept up to the door, you hear behind it the hidden, hidden breath of some indescribable creature, which is just waiting for the moment to insert its knee, a small crack will open a little, and burst into your warm, habitable housing. (15) It seems that humanity has approached the finale of the modest eternity allotted to it. (16) And science, having run through the zero phase of time and physical being, will burst into another, not yet mastered mathematical space with the transfer of the intellectual capital of the universe there. (17) The now obvious collapse of yesterday's era will end with an inevitable revision of the sadly unjustified pairing of Good and Evil. (18) 3knowledge helps to look into the abyss, but does not contain instructions on how not to fall into it. (19) Progress itself should be likened to the burning of a fickford cord: our happiness lies in the fact that it is not clear how little is left before the charge. (According to L.M. Leonov *) * Leonid Maksimovich Leonov (1899-1994) - Russian Soviet writer.

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Every day we hear information about the emergence of new technical devices, which, according to their creators, simplify our earthly existence; oh early unexplored laws, thanks to which scientists are able to do the incredible. But what effect does progress actually have on people's lives? L.M. discusses this issue. Leonov in his text. Listing technical creations, which had an important impact on our lives, the Russian writer warns his readers that as a result of scientific discoveries, the future of mankind may be under real threat, which means that progress has a negative impact. The author's position on this matter is clear and is as follows sentence: "Knowledge helps to look into the abyss, but does not contain instructions on how not to fall into it." In his opinion, people, making life easier for themselves through incredible inventions, forget about the disasters that occurred as a result of the implementation of "innovative ideas." Confirming his thoughts with real facts, he helps to understand what a serious danger scientific and technological progress is. In this, in my opinion, there is a certain call: to change your priorities and take a different look at the situation in the world. I agree with L.M. Leonov, since I also believe that in recent times the rapid growth of scientific discoveries makes people more and more worried