The statement of the need for material and technical resources is the main document for planning and organizing work on construction site. On its basis, the duration of each work is calculated, the need for materials, machines and mechanisms, and labor resources is determined. A statement of the need for MTR is compiled in the following sequence:

1. On the basis of the bill of quantities, a list of works to be performed is compiled;

2. From the collections of resource estimates, the norms of labor consumption of workers per unit volume (man-hour), the norms of the operation of machines and mechanisms (mash-hour), the norms of consumption of materials for each work are written out;

3. The consumption of materials, labor costs and the time of operation of machines and mechanisms to perform a given volume for each job are calculated.

The definition of the need for material and technical resources is given in table 3.

Development of options for organizational and technological schemes for the construction of an object

The construction of almost any object can be carried out according to different organizational and technological schemes (OTS), which will eventually lead to different results in duration, labor intensity, and cost. Anticipating these results and choosing the most optimal construction option long before the start of construction is the most important task of scheduling. OTS include:

1. Spatial division of the building into sections and plots.

2. The sequence of the construction of the building, indicating the technological sequence of work on the grips and sections, the selection and placement of the main assembly mechanisms.

3.Characteristics of the main methods of building an object.

Based on the analysis of space-planning and design solutions of the project, we will consider several possible options for organizational and technological schemes of construction (consecutive construction of a building; parallel construction with two grips using two cranes; in-line construction with three grips) and choose the most optimal one. An enlarged network construction schedule is developed for each option.

After the development of enlarged network schedules for each considered organizational and technological scheme for the construction of a particular object, a graph of the need for labor resources per day is built, the value of the coefficient of uneven movement of workers is calculated, the duration of construction is set according to the option under consideration (the length of the critical path is determined).

Choosing the best option

The main TEPs for the construction of an object are the coefficient of change in the number of workers, duration (actual and standard), cost, and each of them can be considered in terms of its components.

It is always necessary to consider and evaluate several options for the OPV of the construction of an object and choose the option with a shorter duration.

If the conditions for erection in different options are incomparable (more or less mechanisms, a different number of workers performing the same processes and other differences), then in this case, along with a change in the duration of construction, costs (material, labor, cost) may also change; to compare options in this case only according to the criterion of the duration of the construction of the object turns out to be illegal.

You can also consider options for the construction of objects with a different number construction machines, labor resources, but then to select the optimal option, it will be necessary to determine and compare the cost of additional resources with the economic effect of reducing the duration of construction.

The main indicators for each enlarged network schedule are summarized in a comparison table (Table 4) and they are evaluated to select an option that satisfies the interested parties (customer).

Table 4

Comparison table of indicators

where E h. - operating costs (delivery of the crane; laying of crane runways; installation, dismantling of the crane; cost of a machine-shift).

In the example under consideration, according to the "duration" criterion, option No. 2 turned out to be the most preferable, assuming the shortest duration of construction - 7 months, with a standard duration of 9.5 months.

In the course project for further study, we select option No. 3 (in-line construction).

Development of a detailed network graphics according to the chosen option

The advantages of network methods are as follows:

Absolutely reliably through the system of events and technological dependencies, one can see the accepted interdependence of work;

It is possible to identify critical and non-critical works, and, accordingly, to find the critical path, as the largest characterizing the duration of construction;

Elements of the network model (graphics):

Work- this is manufacturing process, requiring the expenditure of working time, material resources, machine time.

Event- this is the fact of the completion of one or more works of previous works and the beginning of one or more subsequent works. In any network model, events establish a technological and organizational sequence of work.

Technology Addiction(dummy work) shows the dependence of the start of any subsequent work on the completion of one or more previous ones and does not require either time or resources.

Expectation- a process that requires only time and does not consume any material resources. Waiting, in essence, is a technological or organizational break between jobs that are directly performed one after another.

critical path is the longest path (in days) from the start to the end event.

Rice. Designation scheme for the main elements of the network model

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Ministry of Education Russian Federation

"Perm State Technical University"

Faculty of Civil Engineering

Department of building materials and special technologies

COURSE PROJECT

discipline "Technology of reinforced concrete products"

“Design of a workshop for the production

non-pressure pipes"

Completed by: Fedoseeva O.A.

Group PSK 05z

Checked by: Shamanov V.A.

Perm 2010

Introduction. …………………………………………………………………....3

The main characteristics of the product………………………………………...5

Requirements for materials ……………………………..... 8

Calculation of the composition of concrete…...…………………………………………………..9

Enterprise mode……………………………………………………………9

Material requirement list……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Choice and substantiation of technology………………………………………...11

Short description technological process…………………………..14

Technological calculation…………………………………………………….16

Operational control………………………………………………..

Bibliography………………………………………………………...

INTRODUCTION

The course project is the final part of the study of the subject, it is independent work student, in which he systematizes, deepens and consolidates his knowledge. While writing a course project, the student acquires the skills of using educational, reference and regulatory literature, performing calculations and graphic works. Course design should meet a single goal - the training of a technologist who is able to independently solve specific technological problems of the factory production of reinforced concrete products and structures.

This term paper is the project of a workshop for the production of non-pressure pipes and the choice technological equipment for the manufacture of non-pressure reinforced concrete pipes with a capacity of 1754.0 m 3 per year.

Tasks include:

study of the requirements for this product in accordance with regulatory documentation,

selection and justification of the technological process for the production of non-pressure pipes,

substantiation and calculation of the operating mode of the pipe production workshop, as well as determining the dimensions of the workshop,

calculation, selection and layout of technological equipment for the manufacture of reinforced concrete products.

Tubular reinforced concrete products used for engineering networks (pipes, supports, well rings, etc.) are made on specialized installations using various ways seals concrete mix.

According to the calculated internal pressure of the liquid in the pipeline, reinforced concrete pipes are divided into pressure and non-pressure.

The course project considered non-pressure reinforced concrete pipes in accordance with the requirements of GOST 6482-88. They are designed for laying underground pipelines transporting by gravity domestic liquids and atmospheric wastewater, as well as groundwater and industrial fluids that are not aggressive to reinforced concrete and sealing rubber rings.

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

Pipes should be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of GOST 6482-88 "Reinforced concrete non-pressure pipes".

Pipes are marked with marks in accordance with the requirements of GOST 23009. A pipe mark consists of alphanumeric groups separated by a hyphen.

The first group contains the designation of the type of pipe, its nominal bore diameter in centimeters and useful length in decimeters. In the second group, the bearing capacity is indicated, denoted by an Arabic numeral.

Main dimensions - table 1. and sketch - figure 1.

Picture 1

Pipe type TB

TB - cylindrical socket with a thrust shoulder on the butt surface of the sleeve end of the pipe and butt joints sealed with rubber rings.

Table 1

Pipe type TB

Non-pressure pipes are made of heavy concrete that meets the requirements of GOST 26633-91, compressive strength class: for collectors - B-25; for road crossings - B-30. In addition to increased strength indicators, reinforced concrete pipes for highway crossings are made of concrete with frost resistance Mrz300 and water resistance grade W6 (the frost resistance grade of concrete is standardized depending on operating conditions in accordance with the requirements of chapters SNiP 2.03.01-84 and SNiP 2.03.11-85). The pipes themselves are waterproof and withstand an internal test hydrostatic pressure of 0.05 MPa. Pipes must be strong and crack-resistant. Cracks on pipe surfaces are not allowed.

For reinforcement of pipes should be used: rod hot-rolled reinforcing steel classes A-I and A-III according to GOST 5781; wire class Вр-I according to GOST 6727.

Embedded products designed to protect pipelines from electrocorrosion are installed at the request of the consumer. In the manufacture of pipes with embedded products, the total consumption of steel per pipe should be increased by 0.3 kg.

The shape and dimensions of reinforcing products Figure 2.

Figure 2

Reinforcement of pipe type TB

Frame KP63 - 1 piece, table 2.

table 2

Material consumption per pipe brand TB 50.50-2 table 3.

Table 3

REQUIREMENTS FOR MATERIALS

CALCULATION OF CONCRETE COMPOSITION

Consumption of materials per 1 m 3 of concrete mix, table 4.

Table 4

WORKING MODE OF THE ENTERPRISE

The mode of operation is determined by the number of working days in a year, the number of working shifts per day and the number of hours per shift. The product of these three indicators determines the nominal annual fund of the enterprise's operating time. The degree of use of its fixed assets depends on the mode of operation of the enterprise. When assigning the number of shifts, it is necessary to take into account the need for a reserve of time during the day for the current inspection and repair of equipment, the nature of the work of the main units of the workshop, in addition, when assigning the number of shifts, it is also necessary to take into account the possibility of providing all shifts with the necessary number of workers. Table 5.6.

We accept the operating mode of the enterprise: 3-shift work (TVO) with 260 working days a year.

The duration of the shift is 8 hours.

Annual working time fund (GFRV) - 6072 hours.

Table 5

Business hours*

*Note: except for the forming department.

The working hours of the molding department are 1 shift, the duration of the shift is 8 hours (without lunch), the annual fund of working hours is 2024 hours.

Table 6

Manufacturing program enterprise work

STATEMENT OF REQUIREMENTS FOR MATERIALS

Materials are taken into account with losses: cement - 2%, aggregates - 3%, reinforcement - 4%, additive - 0.5%.

Bulk density of materials: cement - 2500 kg / m 3, sand - 1560 kg / m 3, crushed stone - 1400 kg / m 3, water - 1000 kg / m 3.

1. Sample. Vedomosti needs for materials and cost calculation materials by object and sections of the estimate (form No. 4-mat)

   Financial statements, Accounting→ Sample. Statement of the need for materials and calculation of the cost of materials for the object and sections of the estimate (form No. 4-mat)

   Annex 5 to the letter of the State Construction Committee of the Russian Federation dated 04.06.93 no. 12-146 form no. 4-mate statement needs for materials and cost calculation materials by object and sections of the estimate + - + no. codes of material - name of material ...

2. Sample. Vedomosti accounting for balances materials in stock. Form No. m-14

   Financial statements, accounting → Sample. A record of the balance of materials in the warehouse. Form No. m-14

   2.89 no. 241 sample 1st page of the form +-+ (enterprise, organization) code for warehouse (pantry) +-+ statement accounting for balances materials in stock for 20 years financially responsible person (position, and., o., surname) ...

3. Sample. Vedomosti № 11

   Financial statements, accounting → Sample. Statement No. 11

   statement no. 11 movement material valuables (at discount prices) for 20 years to workshops, farms (in production) (unnecessary ...

4. Sample. Vedomosti № 5

   Financial statements, accounting → Sample. Statement No. 5

   statement no. 5 analytical accounting of settlements with suppliers in the order of planned payments (account no. 60 - in terms of these settlements) ...

5. Sample. Payment statement. Form No. 253

   Financial statements, accounting → Sample. Payment statement. Form No. 253

   type form no. 253 organization p. shop - to calc. statements no. billing department statement no. for issuance for 20 g.

6. Sample. Vedomosti № 1

   Financial statements, accounting → Sample. Statement No. 1

   statement no. 1 for the debit of account no. 50 "cash" from credit accounts +-+ balance at the beginning of the month rub. + - date string of cash register 46...

7. Sample. Vedomosti № 2

   Financial statements, accounting → Sample. Statement No. 2

   statement no. 2 for the debit of account no. 51 "settlement account" from the credit of accounts +-+ balance at the beginning of the month rub. +- string date of issue...

8. Sample. Vedomosti № 2.1

   Financial statements, accounting → Sample. Statement No. 2.1

   statement no. 2/1 for the debit of account no. 52 "currency account" in credit accounts +-+ balance at the beginning of the month rub. +- stringdate you...

9. Sample. Vedomosti № 13

   Financial statements, accounting → Sample. Statement No. 13

   statement no. 13 analytical accounting for service industries and farms for 20, section 1. calculation and justification of the sum ...

10. Sample. Vedomosti № 10

    Financial statements, accounting → Sample. Statement No. 10

    statement no. 10 movement material valuables (in monetary terms) for 20. 1. movement in general factory warehouses (according to accounting ...

11. Sample. Vedomosti № 15

    Financial statements, accounting → Sample. Statement No. 15

    statement no. 15 general and administrative expenses, deferred expenses and commercial expenses for 20 years +-+ line debited ...