Eurasian Economic Union (hereinafter referred to as the EAEU)- an international organization for regional economic integration with international legal personality and established by the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union. The EAEU ensures the freedom of movement of goods, services, capital and work force, as well as conducting a coordinated, harmonized and common policy in sectors of the economy.

The goals of the creation of the EAEU are:

• comprehensive modernization, cooperation and increased competitiveness national economies;
• creation of conditions for the stable development of the economies of the member states in the interests of raising the living standards of their population.

Within the EAEU:

In relation to third countries of the EAEU, uniform measures of non-tariff regulation are applied, such as:

• prohibition of import and (or) export of goods;
• quantitative restrictions on the import and (or) export of goods;
• exclusive right to export and (or) import goods;
• automatic licensing (supervision) of export and (or) import of goods;
• licensing procedure for import and (or) export of goods.

Member States of the Eurasian Economic Union

The history of the formation of the Eurasian Economic Union

The official start date for the formation of the Customs Union can be considered 1995, when the Agreement on the Establishment of the Union was concluded between the Russian Federation, the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Republic of Belarus. The purpose of this Agreement was to establish economic interaction between the parties, to ensure free trade and fair competition.

On February 26, 1999, the Treaty on the Customs Union and the Common Economic Space was signed. Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and since 2006 - Uzbekistan became parties to the Treaty. Until the early 2000s, the participating countries were actively developing cooperation in various fields of activity (including socio-cultural, scientific).

In 2000, a decision was made to establish the Eurasian Economic Community (EurAsEC). The Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tajikistan became members of the community.

In 2003, the Agreement on the Formation of the Common Economic Space (CES) was signed. Work began on the preparation of the legal framework for the CES, which later became the basis for the functioning of the Union. The most important events in the process of forming the Customs Union were two informal summits of the heads of the EurAsEC states.

At an informal summit on August 16, 2006, the heads of the EurAsEC states decided to form a Customs Union within the EurAsEC, in accordance with which Kazakhstan, Belarus and Russia were instructed to prepare a legal framework. A year later, on October 6, 2007, at the EurAsEC summit, a package of documents was approved and signed that laid the foundation for the creation of the legal framework of the Customs Union (treaties on the creation of the Common Customs Territory and the formation of the Customs Union, on the Commission of the Customs Union, protocols on amending the Treaty on the Establishment EurAsEC, on the procedure for the entry into force of international treaties aimed at forming the legal framework of the customs union, withdrawal from them and joining them). In addition, the Action Plan for the formation of a customs union within the framework of the EurAsEC was approved.

Officially, on January 1, 2010, the Customs Union of the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Kazakhstan and Russian Federation. The united states began to apply in foreign trade with third countries, a single customs tariff and common measures of non-tariff regulation, as well as streamlined tariff benefits and preferences for goods from third countries, the Customs Code of the Customs Union came into force. Gradually, on the internal borders of the member states of the Customs Union, they began to cancel customs clearance and customs control, points for receiving notifications were liquidated.

In 2012, international treaties came into force that form legal basis Common economic space of the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation, creating the basis for the free movement of not only goods, but also services, capital and labor.

With the signing of the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union on May 29, 2014, the member countries of the Customs Union and the Common Economic Space laid the foundation for a new, closer interaction. On October 10, 2014, the Republic of Armenia acceded to the Treaty on the EAEU. On December 23, 2014, the Agreement on Accession of the Kyrgyz Republic to the EAEU was signed.

The structure of the unified customs legislation of the Eurasian Economic Union

In connection with the formation of the regulatory legal framework of the Eurasian Economic Union, the customs legislation of the member states is changing. First of all, in addition to the current national legislation, two more levels of regulation have appeared: international agreements of the member states of the Customs Union and Decisions of the Customs Union Commission (currently the Eurasian Economic Commission). At the moment, the customs legislation of the EAEU is a four-level system:

Customs Code of the Eurasian Economic Union

The transition to a higher level of integration required major changes in the regulatory framework of the Union. Work on the creation of a new Customs Code has been going on for several years, the process required numerous approvals of amendments from the Member States of the Union. On December 26, 2016, the Customs Code of the Eurasian Economic Union was adopted, which replaced the Customs Code of the Customs Union adopted in 2009. The new EAEU TC entered into force on January 1, 2018. The document combines many international treaties and agreements of the Customs Union (for example, the Agreement on determining the customs value of goods transported across the customs border of the Customs Union), which will become invalid in whole or in part.

The Customs Code of the EAEU contains a number of new provisions concerning not only the structure of the Code itself (the new Customs Code of the EAEU contains 4 appendices that were not in the Customs Code of the Customs Union), but also the rules customs regulation in the Union. Thus, in the draft EAEU Customs Code, the conceptual apparatus has been updated, the “single window” principle has been introduced, the priority of electronic declaration has been declared, some changes have been made to customs procedures, the institution of an authorized economic operator has been reformed, etc.

Governing bodies of the Eurasian Economic Union

The governing bodies of the EAEU are:

• Supreme Eurasian Economic Council (supreme governing body)
• Eurasian Intergovernmental Council
• Eurasian Economic Commission (working permanent body)
• Court of the Eurasian Economic Union

Areas of activity of the Eurasian Economic Commission.

The signing of an agreement between Russia and Crimea on the admission of Crimea to the Russian Federation and the formation of new Russian subjects took place in Moscow

In Moscow, the signing of an agreement between Russia and Crimea on the admission of Crimea to the Russian Federation took place.

Moscow. March 18. website - On Tuesday, an agreement was signed in Moscow between Russia and the Republic of Crimea on the admission of the peninsula to the Russian Federation and the formation of new Russian subjects.

The document was signed by Russian President Vladimir Putin, Chairman of the State Council of Crimea Vladimir Konstantinov, head of the Council of Ministers of the Republic Sergei Aksyonov and "People's Mayor" of Sevastopol Alexei Chaly.

Two new regions

As follows from the text of the document posted on the Kremlin website, Crimea is considered to be accepted into the Russian Federation from the date of signing the agreement. Since that moment, two new subjects have been formed within the Russian Federation - the Republic of Crimea and the federal city of Sevastopol. The official languages ​​of the Republic of Crimea are Russian, Ukrainian and Crimean Tatar.

From the day Crimea was admitted to Russia, Russian legislative acts. Own regulations subjects that do not contradict the Constitution of the Russian Federation will also operate during the transition period, which will end on January 1, 2015. It is assumed that during this period the issues of integration of new entities into the economic, financial, credit and legal systems of Russia will be settled. During the transitional period, it is also expected to fully regulate the issues of the performance of military duty and military service on the territory of the new constituent entities of the Russian Federation. At the same time, it is already known that Russian citizens drafted into the army in Crimea and Sevastopol will serve on the territory of these regions until 2016.

Elections to the state authorities of Crimea and Sevastopol will be held on the second Sunday of September 2015. Until the elections, according to the document, the State Council of the Republic and the Legislative Assembly of Sevastopol will continue to work.

Citizens of Ukraine living in Crimea, after signing the agreement, become Russians if they do not declare their desire to retain their existing citizenship within a month. The border of Crimea with Ukraine on land is declared the border of the Russian Federation. The delimitation of maritime spaces in the Black and Azov Seas after the admission of Crimea to Russia will be carried out on the basis of the principles international law, follows from the signed document.

"Originally Russian land"

The treaty with Crimea, which now has to be ratified by parliament, was signed after an extraordinary address by the president to the Federal Assembly. During it, Putin also announced that he was submitting to parliament a law on the inclusion of Crimea and Sevastopol into Russia.

"I submit to the Federal Assembly and ask to consider the constitutional law on the admission of two new subjects of the Federation to Russia - the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol," Putin said on Tuesday in an address to the Federal Assembly. His words were met with a standing ovation.

Putin stressed that he is making this the federal law based on the results of the Crimean referendum and relying on the will of the people. He invited Russian legislators to ratify the treaty on the annexation of Crimea and Sevastopol.

During his address, Putin called the location of the Crimea outside the borders of Russia "blatant historical injustice." “All these years, both citizens and many public figures have repeatedly raised this topic: they said that Crimea is a primordially Russian land, and Sevastopol is a Russian city. Yes, we understood all this well, felt it with our heart and soul, but we had to proceed from the prevailing realities, and already on a new basis to build good-neighborly relations with independent Ukraine," he said.

According to the head of state, the Russian-speaking population of Ukraine is tired of attempts to "forced assimilate" it. "Time after time, attempts were made to deprive Russians of their historical memory, and sometimes of their native language, to make them an object of forced assimilation," Putin said.

He stressed that Russia will always protect the interests of Russian-speaking citizens. "Millions of Russian people, Russian-speaking citizens live and will live in Ukraine, and Russia will always protect their interests by political, diplomatic, legal means. However, first of all, Ukraine itself should be interested in ensuring that the rights and interests of these people are guaranteed, in this guarantee of stability, Ukrainian statehood and territorial integrity of the country," he said.

At the same time, Putin stressed that Russia does not want the collapse of Ukraine. "I want you to hear me Dear friends. Do not believe those who scare you with Russia, shouting that other regions will follow Crimea. We do not want the division of Ukraine. We don't need it," he said.

There was no aggression or intervention in Crimea, stressed Russian President. According to him, Russia did not send troops to the Crimea, but only strengthened its grouping, while not exceeding the limit staffing provided for by an international treaty.

“We are being told about some kind of Russian intervention in Crimea, aggression. It is strange to hear this. I don’t remember a single case in history when an intervention took place without a single shot and without human casualties,” he said. Putin also thanked the Ukrainian servicemen "who did not commit bloodshed and did not stain themselves with blood."

(EAEU) is an economic union, which, as part of Eurasian integration, is being created on the basis of the Customs Union of Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus since January 1, 2015.

Cooperation in the field of interstate integration in the field of economy in the post-Soviet space has been carried out since the late 1990s.

February 26, 1999 Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia and Tajikistan signed the Treaty on the Customs Union and the Common Economic Space. This document, without specifying the timing of implementation, assumed the abolition of customs control on internal borders, the implementation of a common economic policy and the formation common market goods, services, labor and capital, unification of national legislation, implementation of a coordinated social, scientific and technological policy.

On October 10, 2000, the Eurasian Economic Community (EurAsEC) was formed (the agreement entered into force on May 30, 2001). The EurAsEC included Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia and Tajikistan. In 2006, protocols were signed on accession to the Treaty on the Establishment of the EurAsEC of Uzbekistan. In 2008, Uzbekistan's membership in the EurAsEC was suspended.

In 2002, the status of observers at the EurAsEC was received by Ukraine and Moldova, in 2003 - Armenia. In December 2003, the EurAsEC was granted observer status in the UN General Assembly.

On August 16, 2006 in Sochi, at a meeting of the heads of the EurAsEC member states, a decision was made to create a Customs Union (CU) of three states - Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia within the EurAsEC.

On November 27, 2009, the Agreement on the Customs Code was signed. The Unified Customs Tariff of the Customs Union (entered into force on January 1, 2010), the Unified Commodity Nomenclature foreign economic activity and other international documents aimed at implementing a unified customs and tariff regulation. A decision was made to start functioning from July 1, 2010 of the single customs territory of the Customs Union. On July 6, 2010, the Customs Code of the Customs Union came into force.

On July 1, 2011, the Customs Union began to function fully: customs control was completely removed at the internal borders between Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan, all types of customs control and clearance were transferred to the external border of the Customs Union.

December 19, 2009 in Alma-Ata (Kazakhstan) at an informal meeting of the heads of states of the Customs Union, it was decided to approve the Action Plan for the formation of the Common Economic Space (SES) of Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia.

On February 2, 2012, the Eurasian Economic Commission (EEC) began functioning as a permanent regulatory body of the CU and the CES.

During the meeting of the presidents of Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan in Moscow, a declaration on Eurasian economic integration was signed, in which the creation of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) was proclaimed as one of the main long-term goals of Eurasian economic integration.

On May 29, 2012 in Astana, at the meeting of the Heads of State of the Customs Union, the work plan for the preparation of the draft Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union was approved.

It is expected that the EAEU will start functioning from January 1, 2015, taking the place of the abolished EurAsEC.

The area of ​​the EAEU will exceed 20 million square kilometers, the population living on its territory will be about 170 million people.

The trilateral agreement on the creation of the EAEU is planned to be signed on May 29, 2014 at the summit in Astana.

The single financial regulator of the Eurasian Economic Union, its headquarters will be located in Alma-Ata (Kazakhstan).

The material was prepared on the basis of information from RIA Novosti and open sources

Among the largest modern international associations is the Eurasian one. Formally, it was established in 2014, but by the time the agreement on its creation was signed, the EAEU member states already had considerable experience of interaction in the mode of active economic integration. What are the specifics of the EAEU? What is it - economic or political association?

General information about the organization

Let's start the study of the question posed by considering the key facts about the relevant organization. What are the most noteworthy facts about the EAEU? What is this structure?

The Eurasian Economic Union, or EAEU, is an association within the framework of international economic cooperation of several states of the Eurasian region - Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Belarus and Armenia. Other countries are expected to join this association, since the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) is an open structure. The main thing is that candidates for joining the association share the goals of this organization and show readiness to fulfill the obligations stipulated by the relevant agreements. The creation of the structure was preceded by the establishment of the Eurasian Economic Community, as well as Customs Union(which continues to function as one of the structures of the EAEU).

How did the idea of ​​forming the EAEU come about?

As evidenced by a number of sources, the state that was the first to initiate the processes of economic integration into the EAEU that grew into an institution is Kazakhstan. Nursultan Nazarbayev expressed the relevant idea at a speech at Moscow State University in 1994. Subsequently, the concept was supported by other former Soviet republics - Russia, Belarus, Armenia and Kyrgyzstan.

The main advantage of being a member of the Eurasian Economic Union is freedom economic activity entities registered in it on the territory of all member countries of the union. It is expected that on the basis of the institutions of the EAEU a single trading space will soon be formed, characterized by common standards and norms for doing business.

Is there a place for political interaction?

So, the EAEU - what is it, exclusively economic structure, or an association, which, perhaps, will be characterized by a political component of integration? At the moment and in the near future, as evidenced by various sources, it would be more correct to speak of the first interpretation of the essence of the association. That is, the political aspect is excluded. Countries will integrate in pursuit of economic interests.

There is evidence of initiatives regarding the creation of some supranational parliamentary structures within the framework of the EAEU. But the Republic of Belarus, Kazakhstan, as evidenced by a number of sources, do not consider the possibility of their participation in building their respective countries. They want to maintain full sovereignty, agreeing only to economic integration.

At the same time, for many experts and ordinary people it is obvious how close the political relations of the countries that are members of the EAEU are. The composition of this structure is formed by the closest allies who do not have publicly expressed fundamental disagreements about the difficult situation on the world stage. This allows some analysts to conclude that economic integration within the association under consideration would be very difficult if there were significant political differences between the member countries of the association.

History of the EAEU

A better understanding of the specifics of the EAEU (what kind of organization it is) will help us to study some facts from the history of the association. In 1995, the heads of several states - Belarus, the Russian Federation, Kazakhstan, a little later - Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, formalized agreements establishing the Customs Union. On their basis, the Eurasian Economic Community, or EurAsEC, was established in 2000. In 2010, a new association appeared - the Customs Union. In 2012, the Common Economic Space was opened - first with the participation of the states that are members of the CU, then - Armenia and Kyrgyzstan joined the structure.

In 2014, Russia, Kazakhstan, and Belarus signed an agreement on the creation of the EAEU. Later, Armenia and Kyrgyzstan joined it. The provisions of the relevant document came into force in 2015. The Customs Union of the EAEU continues, as we noted above, to function. It includes the same countries as the EAEU.

progressive development

Thus, the member states of the EAEU - the Republic of Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia, Armenia, Kyrgyzstan - began to interact long before the corresponding association was established in its modern form. According to a number of analysts, the Eurasian Economic Union is an example of an international organization with a progressive, systematic development of integration processes, which can predetermine the significant stability of the corresponding structure.

Stages of development of the EAEU

Several stages in the development of the Eurasian Economic Union have been identified. The first is the establishment of a free trade zone, the development of norms according to which trade between the EAEU member countries can be carried out without duties. At the same time, each state retains independence in terms of conducting trade with third countries.

The next stage in the development of the EAEU is the formation of the Customs Union, which implies the formation of an economic space within which the movement of goods will be carried out without hindrance. At the same time, the rules of foreign trade common to all countries participating in the association should also be determined.

The most important stage in the development of the union is the formation of a single market. It is expected that it will be created within which it will be possible to freely exchange not only goods, but also services, capital and personnel - between the member states of the association.

The next stage is the formation of an economic union, the participants of which will be able to coordinate the priorities of the implementation of economic policy among themselves.

After the listed tasks are solved, it remains to achieve full economic integration of the states included in the association. This implies the creation of a supranational structure that will determine priorities in building economic and social policies in all countries that are members of the union.

Advantages of the EAEU

Let's take a closer look at the key benefits that members of the EAEU receive. Above, we noted that among the key ones is freedom economic activity economic entities that are registered in any state of the Union throughout the territory of the EAEU. But this is far from the only advantage of the entry of the state into the organization we are studying.

Members of the EAEU will have the opportunity to:

enjoy the benefits low prices for many goods, as well as reducing the costs associated with the transportation of goods;

Develop markets more dynamically by increasing competition;

Increase labor productivity;

To increase the volume of the economy by increasing the demand for manufactured goods;

Provide employment for citizens.

Prospects for GDP Growth

Even for such economically powerful players as Russia, the EAEU is the most important factor in economic growth. Russia's GDP, according to some economists, can, thanks to the country's entry into the association under consideration, receive a very powerful growth stimulus. Other EAEU member countries — Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Belarus — can achieve impressive GDP growth rates.

Social aspect of integration

Apart from the positive economic effect, the EAEU member countries are expected to integrate socially as well. International business activities, according to many experts, will help establish partnerships and stimulate the strengthening of friendship between nations. Integration processes are facilitated by the common Soviet past of the peoples living in the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union. The cultural and, which is very important, the linguistic proximity of the EAEU states is obvious. The composition of the organization is formed by countries in which the Russian language is familiar to most of the population. Thus, many factors can contribute to the successful solution of the tasks facing the heads of state of the Eurasian Economic Union.

Supranational structures

The Treaty on the EAEU has been signed, it is up to its implementation. Among the most important tasks in the framework of the development of the Eurasian Economic Union is the creation of a number of supranational institutions whose activities will be aimed at promoting integration economic processes. According to a number of public sources, the formation of some basic institutions of the EAEU is expected. What structures can these be?

First of all, these are various commissions:

Economics;

Raw materials (she will be engaged in setting prices, as well as quotas for goods and fuel, coordinating the policy in the sphere of circulation of precious metals);

For interstate financial and industrial associations and enterprises;

By entering the currency for settlements;

On environmental issues.

It is also planned to create a special Fund, the competence of which is cooperation in various fields: in the economy, in the field of science and technology development. It is assumed that this organization will deal with the financing of various studies, help the participants in cooperation in solving a wide range of issues - legal, financial or, for example, environmental.

Other major supranational structures of the EAEU that are planned to be created are the International Investment Bank, as well as arbitration of the Eurasian Economic Union.

Among the successfully created associations that are part of the management structure of the EAEU, we will study the features of its activities in more detail.

Eurasian Economic Commission

It can be noted that the EEC was established in 2011, that is, even before the agreement on the creation of the EAEU was signed. It was founded by Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus. Initially, this organization was created to manage processes at the level of such a structure as the Customs Union. The EAEU is a structure in the development of which the Commission is called upon to directly participate now.

The EEC has established a council and a collegium. The first structure should include deputy heads of governments of the member states of the association. The collegium should consist of three people from the member countries of the EAEU. The Commission provides for the creation of separate departments.

The Eurasian Economic Commission is the most important, but not the most important, supranational governing body of the EAEU. It is subordinate to the Supreme Eurasian Economic Council. Consider the key facts about him.

This structure, like the Eurasian Economic Commission, was created a few years before the states signed the agreement on the creation of the EAEU. Thus, for a long time it was considered a supranational body in the structure of the Customs Union, as well as the Common Economic Space. The Council is formed by the heads of the EAEU member states. At least once a year, it must meet at the highest level. The heads of government of the participating countries of the association must meet at least 2 times a year. A feature of the functioning of the Council is that decisions are made in the format of consensus. The approved provisions are mandatory for implementation in the EAEU member countries.

Prospects for the EAEU

How do analysts assess the prospects for the development of the EAEU? Above, we noted that some experts believe that along with economic integration, the political rapprochement of the member states of the association is inevitable. There are experts who share this point of view. There are experts who completely disagree with her. The main argument of those analysts who see the prospects for the politicization of the EAEU is that Russia, as the leading economic player in the association, will in one way or another influence the decisions made by the authorities of the EAEU member states. Opponents of this point of view believe that, on the contrary, it is not in the interests of the Russian Federation to show excessive interest in the politicization of the corresponding international association.

Provided that a balance is maintained between the economic and political components in the EAEU, the prospects for the union, based on a number of objective indicators, are assessed by many analysts as very positive. Thus, the total GDP of the member states of the structure under consideration will be comparable with the indicators of the world's leading economies. Taking into account the scientific and resource potential of the EAEU, the volume of economic systems of the member countries of the union can grow significantly in the future.

Worldwide collaboration

According to a number of analysts, the prospects for cooperation with the EAEU are attractive for countries that seem to be far from the economic space formed by the countries that signed the EAEU treaty - Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Belarus and Armenia. For example, Vietnam recently signed a free trade agreement with the EAEU.

For cooperation Syria, Egypt. This gives analysts a reason to say that the Eurasian Economic Union can become the most powerful player in the world market.

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On January 1, the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) came into force. The Treaty approves the creation of an economic union, within which the freedom of movement of goods, services, capital and labor is ensured, the conduct of a coordinated, agreed or unified policy in the sectors of the economy defined by this document and international treaties within the framework of the Union.

The Treaty on the EAEU was signed by the Presidents of the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation on May 29, 2014 in Astana. In addition to these three states, the members of the Union will also be the Republic of Armenia, which signed the Treaty of Accession to the Union on October 10, 2014, and the Kyrgyz Republic, which signed a similar Treaty on December 23, 2014.

The Eurasian Economic Union is international organization regional economic integration with international legal personality.

The Union is called upon to create conditions for the stable development of the economies of the member states in order to improve the living standards of their population, as well as for the comprehensive modernization, cooperation and competitiveness of national economies in the global economy.

The EAEU carries out its activities within the competence granted to it by the Member States in accordance with the Treaty on the Union, on the basis of respect for the generally recognized principles of international law, including the principles of the sovereign equality of the Member States and their territorial integrity; on the basis of respect for the peculiarities of the political structure of the Member States; on the basis of ensuring mutually beneficial cooperation, equality and taking into account the national interests of the parties; principles market economy and fair competition.

The main body of the Union is the Supreme Eurasian Economic Council (SEEC), which includes the heads of member states. SEEC meetings are held at least once a year. The structure of the EAEU bodies is also formed by the Intergovernmental Council at the level of heads of government, the Eurasian Economic Commission and the Court of the Union.

Reference:

Bodies of the Union:

The Supreme Council is the supreme body of the EAEU, which includes the Presidents of the Union Member States.

The Intergovernmental Council is a body of the Union, which includes the Prime Ministers of the Member States, which considers strategically important questions development of Eurasian economic integration.

The Court of the EAEU is the judicial body of the Union, which ensures the application by the Member States and bodies of the Union of the Treaty on the EAEU and other international treaties within the Union.

The Eurasian Economic Commission is a permanent supranational regulatory body of the Union, which is formed by the Council of the Commission and the Collegium of the Commission. The main tasks of the Commission are to ensure the conditions for the functioning and development of the Union, as well as the development of proposals in the field of economic integration within the framework of the EAEU.

The Council of the Commission includes the Deputy Prime Ministers of the Member States of the Union.

The composition of the EEC Board is formed by the Chairman and Ministers of the Commission.

The main functional novelties of the Treaty on the EAEU in comparison with the stages of the CU and the CES:

The Treaty on the EAEU consolidated the agreement of the member states on the implementation of a coordinated energy policy and the formation on the basis of general principles common energy markets (electricity, gas, oil and oil products). The document assumes that this task will be implemented in several stages and finally completed by 2025: the formation of a common electricity market is expected to be completed by 2019, and a common hydrocarbon market - by 2025.

The Treaty on the EAEU defines the circulation regulation regime medicines and medical devices - within the framework of the Union, by January 1, 2016, a common market for medicines and a common market for medical devices (medical products and medical equipment) will be created.

The Treaty defines the main priorities of transport policy in the territory of the Eurasian Economic Union for the long term. The parties agreed on step-by-step liberalization transportation on the territory of the Union being created, which primarily concerns road and rail transport.

An agreement was reached on the formation and implementation of a coordinated agro-industrial policy. It is important that the implementation of policies in other areas of integration interaction, including in the field of ensuring sanitary, phytosanitary and veterinary and sanitary measures in relation to agricultural products, will be carried out taking into account the goals, objectives and directions of the agreed agro-industrial policy.

The effective functioning of the Eurasian Economic Union cannot be imagined without a coordinated macroeconomic policy, which provides for the development and implementation of joint actions of the member states of the Union in order to achieve a balanced development of the economy. According to the Treaty, the main directions for conducting a coordinated macroeconomic policy are the formation of common principles for the functioning of the economy of the Member States of the Union, ensuring their effective interaction, as well as the development of general principles and guidelines for predicting the socio-economic development of the Parties.

To ensure the coordinated regulation of financial markets, following the results of step-by-step harmonization of legislation, the EAEU member states agreed on the need to reach the establishment of a single supranational body for financial market regulation by 2025.

The Treaty on the EAEU assumes that from January 1, 2015, a single market for services will begin to operate in a number of sectors determined by the member states of the Union. At the same time, the national regime is laid down as a base, i.e. the state is obliged to accept full national treatment in relation to the service provider and partner countries; there can be no restrictions. In the future, the Parties will strive to maximize the expansion of these sectors, including through the gradual reduction of exemptions and restrictions, which will certainly strengthen the Eurasian integration project.

According to the Treaty on the EAEU, the single market for services within the Union operates in the service sectors approved by the Supreme Eurasian Economic Council at the level of heads of state based on the agreed proposals of the Member States and the Commission. On the basis of the Treaty, the decision of the Supreme Eurasian Economic Council on December 23, 2014 approved the lists of service sectors in which the single market will start functioning from January 1, 2015. Currently, according to the proposals of Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia, more than 40 service sectors can be included in the list of services ( construction services, services in the field of wholesale / retail trade, services related to agriculture including sowing, processing, harvesting crops, etc.). The list of sectors in which the rules of the single market for services must be ensured is subject to a gradual and coordinated expansion. In service sectors where there is no single market for services, providers and recipients of services are granted national and most favored nation treatment, and quantitative and investment restrictions are not applied.

From January 1, 2015, a common labor market will start functioning in the territories of Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia; will be implementedfreedom of movement of labor. Citizens of these states will work under the same conditions:workers of the EAEU member states will not need to obtain work permits within the Union.With the creation of a common labor market, citizens of the EAEU countries can directly feel the benefits of the Eurasian Economic Union. Mutual recognition of diplomas will be carried out from January 1, 2015 automatically. The tax on income of individuals-citizens of the EAEU member states will be paid at the internal resident rate from the first days of employment. Citizens of the EAEU countries will stopfill out migration cards when crossing the internal borders of the EAEU countries,if the period of their stay does not exceed 30 days from the date of entry. In addition, workers and members of their families are exempted from the obligation to register (registration) with the internal affairs bodies for a stay of up to 30 days.

Another major novelty of the Treaty on the EAEU: the possibility of applying the national regime for citizens of all four countries in terms of social security, including medical care. In each country within the EAEU, all medical services guaranteed by the state will be equally available to all citizens of the Union countries. (We are talking primarily aboutfree provision of emergency medical services).

As for pensions, the Treaty on the EAEU contains an obligation to resolve the issue of exporting pensions and offsetting the length of service accumulated in another member state of the Union. Currently, the EEC, together with the Parties, is working on the Pension Agreement, which will enter into force after 2015.