Tasks of business communication. Goals and values of business communication Goal of business communication

Federal Agency for Education

GOUVPO "Norilsk Industrial Institute"

Department of Philosophical-Historical and Socio-Economic Sciences

ESSAY

by discipline "Fundamentals of corporate culture and business communication»

Topic: "Goals and values of business communication»

Completed:

Checked:

NORILSK 2010

Introduction

Business conversation

Goals of business communication

Business Communication Values

Conclusion

Bibliography

Introduction

As soon as they didn’t name a person: both homo sapiens (reasonable person), and homo fuber (producing person), and homo ludens (playing person). It seems that with no less reason it can be called homo communicans - a person who communicates.

The Russian thinker Pyotr Chaadaev (1794-1856) wittily remarked: "Deprived of communication with other creatures, we would pluck the grass, and not reflect on our nature." And he was right, because the natural way of a person's existence is his connection with other people, and a person himself becomes a person only in communication.

The need for communication, according to psychologists, is one of the basic (basic) human needs. The significance of communication as a basic need is determined by the fact that "it dictates the behavior of people with no less authority than, for example, the so-called vital needs." Communication is necessary condition normal development of a person as a member of society and as a person, a condition of his spiritual and physical health.

Acting as a powerful consumer of human energy, communication is at the same time an invaluable biostimulator of human life and spiritual aspirations.

In psychology, communication is defined as the interaction of two or more people, which consists in the exchange of cognitive or emotional-evaluative information between them. Depending on the communication technique used and its goals, the following types can be distinguished:

H "Mask Contact", that is, formal communication, in which there is no desire to understand and take into account the personality traits of the interlocutor.

H Formal role-playing communication, which regulates both the content and means of communication by social roles and communication.

H Secular fellowship is formal, and its participants say what is supposed to be said in such cases.

H manipulative communication. It is aimed at obtaining one-sided benefits from an interview using a manipulative technique of influencing an opponent in communication, depending on his characteristics as a person.

H Spiritual interpersonal communication between people, in which the deep structures of personality are revealed.

H Business conversation is aimed at coordinating and uniting the efforts of people in order to establish relationships and achieve a common result.

Both an individual and a group can act as subjects of communication. If we consider what and why people communicate, it turns out that there can be 4 goals:

The purpose of communication is outside the interaction of subjects;

The purpose of communication lies in itself;

The purpose of communication is to familiarize the partner with the experience and values of the initiator of communication;

The purpose of communication is to introduce him (the initiator) to the partner's values.

Further, we will be interested only in business communication - communication that has a goal outside itself and serves as a way of organizing and optimizing one or another type of objective activity: industrial, scientific, commercial, etc.

Business conversation

Any common business involves communication and interaction of participants as a necessary means of ensuring its effectiveness. Activity can neither arise nor be carried out without intensive communication.

Business communication is a special form of interaction between people in a process of a certain type. labor activity which contributes to the establishment of a normal moral and psychological atmosphere of work and partnership relations between managers and subordinates, between colleagues, creates conditions for productive cooperation of people in achieving significant goals, ensuring the success of a common cause.

Business communication is a complex multifaceted process of developing contacts between people in the official sphere. Its participants act in official statuses and are focused on achieving the goal, specific tasks. The specificity is the regulations - subordinate to the established restrictions, certain national and cultural traditions, professional ethical principles.

Types of business communication according to the method of information exchange are divided into oral and written. Oral types, in turn, are divided into monologic and dialogic. The monologue types of speech include a welcoming speech, commercial (advertising), informational, report (at a meeting, meeting).

Dialogic types of speech:

H business conversation (short-term contact, mostly on one topic);

H business conversation(exchange of information accompanied by decision-making);

H negotiations (discussion with the aim of concluding an agreement on any issue);

H interview (a conversation with a journalist intended for print, radio, television);

H discussion;

H meeting (meeting);

H press conference, contact business conversation (direct, "live" dialogue);

H telephone conversation.

In direct contact and face-to-face conversation, verbal and non-verbal communication is of the greatest importance. Conversation or messaging by telephone is the most common form of communication, they are distinguished by direct contact and a wide variety of communication methods, which allows you to combine the business (formal) and personal (informal) parts of any message.

Written types of business communication are office documents: business letter, protocol, report, certificate, memorandum and explanatory note, act, statement, contract, charter, regulation, instruction, decision, order, instruction, order, power of attorney, etc.

H material - the exchange of objects and products of activity;

C cognitive - knowledge sharing;

H motivational - the exchange of motives, goals, interests, motives, needs;

H activity - the exchange of actions, operations, skills, skills.

By means of communication:

Ch direct, which is carried out with the help of hands, head, torso, vocal cords, etc.;

H indirect - associated with the use special means and tools (letters, telefax, etc.);

H direct - personal contacts and direct perception of each other by people in the very act of communication (telephone conversation, live broadcast, etc.);

H indirect - carried out through intermediaries (other people).

The subject of business communication is the business that people are engaged in in the process of activity, and not the problems affecting their inner world:

Goals of business communication

Business communication is of paramount importance for people who are involved in management. As studies in the field of management show, according to averaged data, about 80-90% of the working time of managers of all known levels is spent on communication and communication.

The main goal of business communication is the organization of fruitful cooperation, as well as the creation of optimal conditions for the successful solution of the tasks facing the organization and its individual employees.

In other words, the purpose of business communication can be called the organization and optimization of a certain type of joint activity.

However, in addition to common purpose, it is also possible to single out personal goals in it, to one degree or another realized by the direct participants in communication:

H the pursuit of personal security in the process social activities, during the execution of their professional duties, which often manifests itself in avoiding the responsibility assigned to the employee;

The desire for power, that is, the desire to expand the range of existing powers, to move only up career ladder, get rid of the aggravating burden of hierarchical control;

The desire to increase one's prestige, which is often combined with the desire to strengthen the prestige of the position held and the organization itself.

But in order for the goal of business communication to be successfully realized, in modern psychological science there are two main ethical and psychological principles of business communication, which include:

H principle of creating conditions for revealing creativity and professional knowledge personality, on the basis of which it is possible to reconcile the personal goals of the employee with the overall goals of the organization;

H the principle of authority and responsibility, which regulates business communication within the framework of official rights and duties in accordance with the official status of an employee, assessment of his business qualities and using his direct qualifications and experience gained.

Business Communication Values

Studying any form of business communication, we are faced with its general laws. Let us present a diagram of the relationship between interaction and development. The main elements of this scheme: the system of mutual influence and the person. The ideal of a person is what a person is and what he does, i.e. the embodiment of what he can become. These are the best tendencies, which, embodied in the pattern, become a stimulus and regulator of its development. The system of mutual influence contributes to the development of a conscious personality.

In the process of business communication, the peculiarity of the operation of the laws of interpersonal relations is studied, specific patterns are revealed. Business communication involves the regulation of production and non-production relations in the conditions of labor activity.

In business communication, the mutual development of the subjects of communication is carried out. The essence of such a process finds its expression in the degree of consciousness and activity of the person participating in it. The purpose of business communication is the development of cooperation. Business communication is a condition for the development of the technique of thinking and behavior, helping those who own it to come to the right conclusions.

The dependence on coordination and mutual influence is much broader than is usually implied when talking about communication. If there were no effective procedures and techniques, we would not be able to enjoy any fruits of civilization.

The behavior of participants in business communication should be imbued with purity and nobility. The development of business communication consists in the improvement of its subjects, in the superiority of their soul and heart, in inner beauty and a high measure of morality. In communication, it is important to use reasoning, correct and comprehensive commentary on information received from the press, radio, television and other sources, selection and generalization of the necessary facts and events, creation and formulation own information that interests the interlocutor. In business communication, a competition of minds, programs, projects, and positions is realized.

Knowledge, its breadth and depth, outlook, erudition provide flexibility and independence of thinking. Business communication determines the organization of mental activity, makes its participants reflect on a particular problem, form their views and attitudes, determine their place and purpose in production activities. The system of mutual influence encourages the subjects of business communication to perform the set of interrelated actions, as a result of which the goods and services necessary for society are produced. As a result, the mechanism of positive cooperation and coordination in the workforce is being developed and improved.

In business communication, participants take those actions that, in their opinion, will bring them the greatest benefit (ie, benefit minus any possible costs or losses associated with these actions). Everyone acts, following personal interests, in accordance with the formulated rules, depending on the interaction in business communication. People with a high level of development experience great satisfaction in helping others. There are, unfortunately, those - probably not many - who derive satisfaction from harming their employees. However, a developed personality manages to correctly predict the actions of complete strangers. This is useful in cases where you want to influence the behavior of other people.

Acting in their own interests, participants in business communication create opportunities for choice for their opponents. Mutual influence is a process of continuous mutual adjustment to changes in benefit arising from their interaction with each other. These actions change the relative costs and benefits associated with the opportunities offered to other people. Changes in costs and benefits may encourage participants to change their behavior so that it is more in line with the actions of others. This is the main mechanism of cooperation between the participants in business communication, which allows them to ensure that their needs are met using available means. Thus, in the interaction of personal and non-personal interests and needs, a rational choice is made in business communication.

Having previously weighed the expected pros and cons of the available options, a person learns from his mistakes and, therefore, tries not to repeat them. People, pursuing their own interests, adapt to each other's behavior, although they comply with the norms and rules accepted in society. This combines the personal and public interests of the participants in business communication. An important part of the rules governing these interactions are property rights, which distinguish between what belongs to whom. Property rights and other rules and regulations ultimately determine exactly what choices the subjects of business communication will make in pursuit of their interests.

If participation in the discussion and solution of production problems is formal, then it is not the social qualities of the manager's personality that dominate, but the qualities of the subject-executor, i.e. reasonable natural essence of man. In this case, the rules of business communication are only an external requirement, and not the internal essence of its subjects.

Conclusion

As can be seen from the abstract, business communication is a very important and necessary process aimed at combining efforts and coordinating people in order to improve relations between them and achieve any common result.

Business communication serves as a way of organizing and optimizing a certain type of objective activity. It can be industrial, scientific, commercial, etc. In the process of this labor activity, interacting, people establish a normal moral and psychological atmosphere of work and partnership relations between managers and subordinates, between colleagues, create conditions for their productive cooperation in achieving significant goals, ensuring the success of the common cause.

The most significant goal of business communication can be called the organization of cooperation that bears fruit, it can also be the creation of optimal conditions for the successful solution of the tasks that face both the organization and its individual employees.

Among other things, personal goals are also distinguished in business communication:

H desire for personal security;

C desire to improve their living standards, improve their financial situation;

H desire for power;

H desire to increase their prestige.

But, studying business communication, we can single out not only its general or particular goals, but also general laws. In general, this process represents a scheme of the relationship between interaction and development. The main elements of this scheme: the system of mutual influence and the person. The ideal of a person is what a person is and what he does, i.e. the embodiment of what he can become. These are the best tendencies, which, embodied in the pattern, become a stimulus and regulator of its development.

In business communication, the mutual development of the subjects of communication is carried out. The essence of this process is expressed in the degree of consciousness and activity of the person participating in it. Business communication, determining the organization of mental activity, makes its participants think about some problem, form their views and attitudes, determine their place and purpose in production activities. In business communication, a competition of minds, programs, projects, and positions is realized.

Business communication makes it possible to better understand what market, new socio-economic relations require, to see a wide range of complex social relationships. It can explain the processes of coordination in society and identify the prerequisites that allow them to develop successfully.

Bibliography

1. Psychology and ethics of business communication: Textbook for universities / Ed. prof. V.N. Lavrinenko. - 4th ed., revised. and additional - M.: UNITI-DANA, 2003. - 415 p.

2. Methodological and theoretical problems in psychology / B.F. Lomov. - M.: Nauka, 1984. - 253 p.

3. Fundamentals of psychology / Stolyarenko L.D. - Rostov-on-Don: Phoenix, 1997. - S. 634-635.

4. Fundamentals of imageology and business communication: tutorial for university students / A.S. Kovalchuk. - Ed. 5th, add. and reworked. Rostov n / a: Phoenix, 2007. - 282 p. - (Higher education).

5. Fundamentals of business communication: textbook / L.G. Pavlova / ed. L.A. Vedenskaya. - Ed. 2nd. Rostov n / a: Phoenix, 2009. - 311 p. - (Higher education).

6. The language of business communication: easy and competent / A.A. Indzhiev. - Rostov n / D .: Phoenix, 2007. - 248 p. - (No problem).

7. Psychology of business communication: Textbook / Borozdia G.V. - 2nd ed. - M.: INFRA-M, 2008. - 295 p. - (Higher education).

8. Fundamentals of socio-psychological theory / Parygin B.D. - M.: Nauka, 1987. - S. 178.

9. Culture of business communication: Proc. / Braim I.N. - Mn.: IE "Ekoperspektiva", 2000. - 174 p.

10. public service: culture of behavior and business etiquette. - M.: RAGS, 1998. - S. 160.

A characteristic feature of business communication is that the content and goals are aimed at solving production and social problems. However, business communication, like communication in general, is usually viewed as a complex and multifaceted process that can act at the same time as a process of interaction between individuals and as information process, and as the attitude of people to each other, and as a process of interaction with each other, and as a process of empathy and mutual understanding of each other. Consequently, business communication includes all the variety of communication functions: communicative, emotive, emotional, cognitive (cognitive), conative (assimilation), voluntarily (impact), phatic (establishing contact between people). If there is no mutual understanding in business communication, then communication cannot be considered successful. Business communication and personal communication are intertwined with each other and can pass one into another. In whatever forms communication is manifested, it is business-like if its defining content is socially significant Team work.

Both individuals and whole groups can act as subjects of communication. The content of business communication is determined by the needs for joint activities, which involves the coordination of actions, understanding and acceptance by each of its participants of the goals, objectives and specifics of this activity, their role and their capabilities for its implementation.

business communication in management activities allows the manager to analyze the relationship of people, forms of contacts and means of establishing them, ways to include in the team, factors that determine the behavior of employees in joint activities. Thus, the manager gets the opportunity to objectively assess the state of the functioning of the system and, if necessary, take an adequate managerial decision to transfer the system from one state to another, higher. This is the main essence of management activity.

Thus, the content of business communication is a socially significant joint activity. At the same time, the interlocutor faces the task of not only exchanging business information, but also achieving its adequate understanding. In the process of business communication, communication barriers often arise, that is, psychological obstacles to the transfer and acceptance of information between communication partners. Communication barriers are divided into barriers of understanding, barriers of socio-cultural difference and barriers of attitude.

The first type of barriers is usually associated with phonetic, semantic meaning. Socio-cultural barriers in business communication can be generated by ethnic peculiarities of understanding the issues under discussion, differences in age, gender or professional orientation. Relationship barriers are a purely psychological phenomenon; such obstacles to contact arise when a feeling of distrust is manifested between the interlocutors, which affects the level of acceptance of the information being discussed. The ability to communicate largely depends on the temperament and psychological properties of the individual. A sociable person easily gets in touch, quickly organizes communication, wins over the interlocutor.

The goals of business communication include:

- conclusion of a contract;
- problem solving;
- an agreement about something;
- changing the point of view of the interlocutor;
- correction of incorrect information;
- increase in income;
- growth of personal influence;
- career growth;
- acquisition of new information.

Business communication is a real process, a process of interconnection and mutual influence of people, problem solving as a result of joint activities.

Joint activity - a set of group-wide tasks in which the community participates.

The variety of factors that ensure the productivity of business communication requires compliance with the norms and rules of business etiquette, knowledge and observance of the psychological laws of communication.

Goals of business communication

Business communication is of paramount importance for people who are involved in management. As studies in the field of management show, on average, about 80-90% of the working time of managers of all known levels is spent on communication and communication.

In other words, the purpose of business communication can be called the organization and optimization of a certain type of joint activity.

However, in addition to the general goal, it is also possible to single out personal goals in it, to one degree or another implemented by the direct participants in communication:

the desire for personal security in the process of social activity, in the course of performing one's professional duties, which is often manifested in avoiding the responsibility assigned to the employee;

the desire to improve their living standards, improve their financial situation;

the desire for power, that is, the desire to expand the range of available powers, move only up the career ladder, get rid of the burdensome burden of hierarchical control;

the desire to increase one's prestige, which is often combined with the desire to strengthen the prestige of the position held and the organization itself.

the principle of creating conditions for identifying the creative potential and professional knowledge of the individual, on the basis of which it is possible to harmonize the personal goals of the employee with the overall goals of the organization;

the principle of authority and responsibility, which regulates business communication within the framework of official rights and duties in accordance with the official status of an employee, the assessment of his business qualities and the use of his direct qualifications and experience gained.

Business Communication Values

Studying any form of business communication, we come across its general laws. Let us present a diagram of the relationship between interaction and development. The main elements of this scheme: the system of mutual influence and the person. The ideal of a person is what a person is and what he does, i.e. the embodiment of what he can become. These are the best tendencies, which, embodied in the pattern, become a stimulus and regulator of its development. The system of mutual influence contributes to the development of a conscious personality.

The behavior of participants in business communication should be imbued with purity and nobility. The development of business communication consists in the improvement of its subjects, in the superiority of their soul and heart, in inner beauty and a high measure of morality. In communication, it is important to use argumentation, correct and comprehensive commentary on information received from the press, radio, television and other sources, selection and generalization of the necessary facts and events, creation and formulation of one's own information of interest to the interlocutor. In business communication, a competition of minds, programs, projects, and positions is realized.

In business communication, participants take those actions that, in their opinion, will bring them the greatest benefit (ie, benefit minus any possible costs or losses associated with these actions). Everyone acts, following personal interests, in accordance with the formulated rules, depending on the interaction in business communication. People with a high level of development experience great satisfaction in helping others. There are, unfortunately, those—probably few of them—who derive satisfaction from harming their employees. However, a developed personality manages to correctly predict the actions of complete strangers. This is useful in cases where you want to influence the behavior of other people.

In other words, the purpose of business communication can be called the organization and optimization of a certain type of joint activity.

However, in addition to the general goal, it is also possible to single out personal goals in it, to one degree or another implemented by the direct participants in communication:

- the desire for personal security in the process of social activity, in the course of performing one's professional duties, which often manifests itself in avoiding the responsibility assigned to the employee;

C desire to improve their living standards, improve their financial situation;

H desire for power, that is, the desire to expand the range of available powers, move only up the career ladder, get rid of the burdensome burden of hierarchical control;

The desire to increase one's prestige, which is often combined with the desire to strengthen the prestige of the position held and the organization itself.

- the principle of creating conditions for identifying the creative potential and professional knowledge of the individual, on the basis of which it is possible to harmonize the personal goals of the employee with the general goals of the organization;

The principle of authority and responsibility, which regulates business communication within the framework of official rights and duties in accordance with the official status of an employee, the assessment of his business qualities and the use of his direct qualifications and experience gained.

Business Communication Values

The behavior of participants in business communication should be imbued with purity and nobility. The development of business communication consists in the improvement of its subjects, in the superiority of their soul and heart, in inner beauty and a high measure of morality. In communication, it is important to use argumentation, correct and comprehensive commentary on information received from the press, radio, television and other sources, selection and generalization of the necessary facts and events, creation and formulation of one's own information of interest to the interlocutor. In business communication, a competition of minds, programs, projects, and positions is realized.

The purpose of human communication became the object of close psychological research only in the last century. It turned out that communication, as well as the desire for self-improvement, is a fundamental need of homo. It was then that the scientific definitions of a person - sapiens (reasonable) and habilis (skillful) - were added communicans, that is, communicating.

Communication between people is not just the exchange of various kinds of information. This is the basis of human existence. Establishing interpersonal contacts helps individual individuals to fully develop, reach the heights of personal growth, maintain bodily and mental health, know themselves, understand others, influence others and interact with them.

The information transmitted in the process of communication - it is its content - is divided into several types:

material - products and tools;
cognitive - scientific and empirical information;
active - manipulations, skills;
conditional - bodily and mental states;
incentive - interests, needs, motives.

The goals of human communication are very diverse, as they depend on one or another human need. Among them are:

social - strengthening ties between members of a group or society;
cultural - mutual enrichment with the achievements of culture;
epistemological - the exchange of scientific knowledge;
creative - the transfer of copyright, qualitatively new developments;
aesthetic - the interaction of means, forms and techniques of art;
ethical - interchange of moral values;
intellectual - familiarization with experience that helps to achieve a new level of consciousness;
biological - the acquisition of access to the means of survival: food, housing, medicines;
personal - the exchange of experience, thoughts and feelings with an interesting interlocutor, getting pleasure from contact with him.

The goals of people's communication as a unique biostimulator of their spiritual and industrial activity are inextricably linked with communication tasks. Let's name the main ones:

affective– regulation of the emotional sphere of communication participants: mutual strengthening of emotional states or weakening, convergence or polarization.

Informational- Formation of the image of the feelings and thoughts of the interlocutors.

Regulatory- coordination and correction of motives, interests and actions of interacting people, their mutual stimulation.

The number of people whose professional career directly depends on the ability to establish contacts, it is constantly growing. The first dollar millionaire, John Rockefeller, who understood well the goals and objectives of communication in modern world, expressed a willingness to pay a higher price for communication skills than for any product.

Goals of business communication

Streamlining and improving activities - commercial, scientific, social, industrial - achieving a beneficial result for all its participants is the main goal of business communication. It can be disciplinary or informative in content.

Each of the negotiators sets the following tasks:

strengthening cooperation with partners, smoothing or avoiding disagreements between them;
increasing trust and mutual understanding;
achievement of full-fledged interaction, its coordination and harmonization;
distribution of fronts of work or spheres of influence;
observance of the "code of honor", that is, the norms of behavior adopted in this environment.

Productive business communication is not only a condition for the effective development of an enterprise. It is also the basis for the success of an individual. In the process of business communication, such valuable personal qualities are formed:

the ability to speak persuasively and listen carefully to the interlocutor;
perseverance and delicacy;
the ability to subordinate and concede for the sake of the interests of the firm.

To achieve the goal of business communication, its participants must fulfill a number of specific requirements:

follow the necessary instructions, settings internal regulations, legal and social norms;
do not deviate from the ethics of business contact within the framework of job roles providing for a regulated range of duties and rights;
interact equally with partners, regardless of their own preferences;
record important information in writing or by means of a sound recording device during the meeting;
motivate and encourage participants in the negotiation process to achieve a productive result;
avoid conflicts both between the parties to the negotiations, and intrapersonal;
condemn actions, not their performers;
evaluate the compatibility of partners to solve a range of tasks;
work not so much for your reputation as for the image of the organization.

It is not easy to master all these competencies. Therefore, many enterprises value employees who have comprehended the wisdom of business communication.

Today they are especially in demand in those areas where the culture of communication is reduced, where the norms of ethical behavior are violated, where profits are extorted in the form of gifts, bribes, “left” payments. Such incidents are unacceptable in the business world based on win-win deals.

Each person, entering into even the closest contacts, retains its originality, spiritual autonomy. Therefore, achieving the goals of communication is impossible without overcoming disagreements and other difficulties that arise during the interaction of people. But it is in such complex communications that there is a real chance to achieve success in personal growth and self-development.

Business conversation

Introduction.doc

Goals of business communication

Business Communication Values

The need for communication, according to psychologists, is one of the basic (basic) human needs. The significance of communication as a basic need is determined by the fact that "it dictates the behavior of people with no less authority than, for example, the so-called vital needs." Communication is a necessary condition for the normal development of a person as a member of society and as a person, a condition for his spiritual and physical health.

Acting as a powerful consumer of human energy, communication is at the same time an invaluable biostimulator of human life and spiritual aspirations.

P "Contact of masks", that is, formal communication, in which there is no desire to understand and take into account the personality traits of the interlocutor.

H Formal-role communication, in which both the content and means of communication are regulated by social roles and communication.

C Secular communication is formal, and its participants say what is supposed to be said in such cases.

H Manipulative communication. It is aimed at obtaining one-sided benefits from an interview using a manipulative technique of influencing an opponent in communication, depending on his characteristics as a person.

Material, i.e. exchange of products or objects of activity;

Cognitive, i.e. knowledge Exchange;

Active, i.e. exchange of actions, skills, skills.

Cognitive and active communication occurs, for example, in the learning process.

Conditioning, i.e. exchange of mental or physiological states (with a smile to cheer up, to anger with a grimace);

Motivational, i.e. exchange of motives, goals, needs, attitudes (come on, come on!).

Business communications are used to organize and optimize a particular type of activity (professional, industrial, scientific, commercial, political, etc.). And since communication is a subject-targeted activity, the content of each communicative form (lectures, reports, discussions, conversations) depends on the communicative intention and the expected result. So, if the purpose of communication is to clarify something, then the content and form of information presentation will be instructive (instructing), narrating (consultation) or reasoning (commentary). If it is necessary to refute someone's arguments, then evidence, critical remarks will be used.

In addition, the content of business communication can be influenced by the specifics of the current situation and personal qualities partner. For example, you wanted to use the deduction method to transfer information (from the general to the particular), but in the course of communication you were convinced that the induction method is more appropriate for this business partner (from special cases, examples to generalizations and conclusions).

Business communications tools

means business communications are ways of encoding, transmitting and decoding (decoding) information.

Coding is a way of transferring information from one person to another. Coding occurs with the help of symbols and signs (letters, schemes, sounds, gestures).

The transmission of encoded information occurs through channels. Ether, wires, paper can act as channels.

Tasks of business communication

Business communication is the basis for the successful development of not only the enterprise as a whole, but also the individual. This is an important type of relationship between people, supported by norms and rules.

Communication is divided into:

communicative, implying the exchange of information;
interactive, consisting in the interaction between participants;
perceptual, meaning the establishment of a relationship between partners.

All three types are based on a system of ethical values, where the most important criteria are evil, good, good, justice, duty, responsibility, etc. Business relationship should lead to harmonization and coordination of interests.

1.2. Business communication, its types and structure

Business communication occupies a significant place in the lives of many people. constantly have to discuss issues related to the organization of production, with life labor collective, performance of duties and official duties, conclusion of various kinds of transactions, contracts, decision-making, paperwork, etc. It acquires special significance for people involved in management. Studies in the field of management show that 80% of the working time of managers at all levels is spent on communication.

Business conversation- this is a process of interconnection and interaction in which there is an exchange of activities, information and experience, involving the achievement of a certain result, the solution of a specific problem or the implementation of a specific goal [ 13 , c. 118]. Business communication should have a specific result - a product of joint activity, information, career, power, as well as the intellectual analysis and emotional experiences that accompany them.

Business communication can be divided into direct(direct contact) and indirect(between partners there is a spatio-temporal distance). Direct business communication has greater effectiveness, the power of emotional impact and suggestion than indirect.

In general, business communication differs from ordinary (informal) communication in that in its process a goal and specific tasks are set that require their solution. In business communication, we cannot stop interacting with a partner (at least without loss for both parties). In ordinary friendly communication, specific tasks are most often not set, specific goals are not pursued. Such communication can be terminated (at the request of the participants) at any time.

There are two types of business communication: verbal and non-verbal. Verbal communication (from Latin "verbalis" - verbal) is carried out with the help of words. At non-verbal communication, the means of transmitting information are postures, gestures, facial expressions, intonations, views, territorial location, etc.

The subject of business communication is a common cause. Content of business communication constitutes a socially significant joint activity of people, which involves the coordination of actions, understanding and acceptance by each of its participants of the goals, objectives and specifics of this activity, its role and its capabilities for its implementation.

aim business communication is the organization and optimization of a certain type of joint substantive activity. In addition to the general goal of business communication, it is also possible to single out personal goals realized by the participants in communication:

1) the desire for personal security in the process of social activity, which often manifests itself in avoiding responsibility;

2) the desire to improve their living standards;

3) desire for power, i.e. the desire to expand the circle of their powers, move up the career ladder, get rid of the burden of hierarchical control;

4) the desire to increase one's prestige, which is often combined with the desire to strengthen the prestige of the position held and the organization itself [ 11 , c. eleven].

Business communication, in addition to the main goals, also has psychological functions:

Connecting - I and You. For example, we are writing a scientific article together.

Shaping - I'm like YOU. For example, I am learning from you to write a scientific article.

Confirming - I am. For example, I realized that I can write a scientific article.

Emotionally organizing - We. Like how nice it is to work together.

Distinctive features of the circumstances of business communication:

1. Common goals, or motives, or activities.

2. The presence of a common social space-time: organization, group, team.

3. Interconnection of participants - system social roles and hierarchy of communication.

4. Regulation of forms of communication.

The concept of "business communication" emphasizes the expediency and possibility of breeding subjective desires and objective conditions in the process of personal interaction.

In the case of business communication, the desire to communicate is secondary to the need. Coercion - main feature which distinguishes business communication from ritual and interpersonal.

The formal context of business communication is the organization.

Organization- a form of association of people, which has the functions and structure specified by external environment, which exists independently of the specific people interacting in it.

Considering socio-psychological structure of business communication, we highlight:

1) system of social roles- bosses, colleagues, subordinates, partners, clients, in which the subjects of business communication act.

Boss- a person who has the right to dispose in a given socio-professional space-time due to external circumstances and the presence of special properties. The role of a boss requires the ability to decide, organize, command, control, reward and punish.

Colleague- a person who is with another in the same professional community and a close social and official status. This role involves relations of equality, professional interaction, professional loyalty and ethics.

subordinate This role requires the ability to perform, follow the rules and obey. The boss and the subordinate must keep a distance between themselves.

Partnerships- these are relationships in which there is 1) awareness of the mutually beneficial cooperation, 2) the presence of a common gender of activity in a certain space-time (“we cannot live without each other”), 3) the development of a behavior strategy that allows you to save the relationship and the “face” of each partner .

Goals of business communication

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