The word "profession" comes from the Latin "professio", which means "official occupation, occupation." The modern definition of this term is more voluminous and sounds like this: “a profession is a historically emerged form labor activity for the performance of which a person must have certain knowledge, skills, abilities, as well as professionally important qualities.

Our list of professions is constantly updated and growing.

There is a special list of professions (where, unfortunately, no description can be found) approved by the Ministry of Labor of Russia - “ All-Russian classifier professions of workers, positions of employees and tariff categories"(OKPDTR). Usually tough tariff scale actually used only in state and budget institutions. private firms and commercial organizations are more loyal to the discrepancy between education, profession and position.

Career guidance advice from the Professional Guide will help you in this important matter not only as informational support, but will indicate the direction and set benchmarks that correspond to your abilities. Indeed, in order to build successful career and a decent life in the future, it is not enough to determine the propensity for a particular profession. A psychologist will help you choose a profession that matches your talents, but in different industries - the most developed in the present and promising in the future.

The world of professions is incredibly diverse and large. In order not to get lost in this diversity, the professions were conditionally divided into groups: man-man, man-technology, man-nature, man-artistic image.

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Professional Guide will give you:

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Every person, of course, needs a profession. From childhood, he begins to think about who he wants to become. Someone wants to be like dad or mom, someone relies on their own interests. But now it's time to make your choice. The professions of the whole world are open before you. The main thing is not to make a mistake.

Professions around the world. Where to stop?

So, in more detail. Professions around the world give everyone the opportunity to choose their own path in life. Often, this is not so easy to do. After all, I want the profession to be in demand and highly paid. True, we should not forget that there is nothing eternal in this world. The labor market is constantly changing. Once prestigious professions become irrelevant. They are replaced by more ambitious specialties - like marketers, advertising specialists, sales managers, etc. So what professions are the most in demand today? Let's try to figure it out.

genetic engineers

Describing the professions of the whole world, of course, it is impossible not to mention them. These people receive today about 98 thousand dollars a year. Constant population growth can lead to a serious problem - hunger on the planet. Even now in many underdeveloped countries there is a shortage of food. And the ability of the Earth to grow the right amount of food is not so great.

advertising managers

The rating of professions includes these guys in the top ten. The number of different services on the market and a variety of products is also growing very rapidly. Ways to promote them need the most original and bright. Today, simply producing a quality product is not enough. He needs a unique image, a positive image. The buyer should not want to buy it, but definitely do it. And so this specialty appeared.

IT specialists

The salary of some "IT people" is 100 thousand dollars a year. It's no secret that computer technology controls everything today. IT specialists protect systems from hacking, develop software. In short, this specialty is our technological future.

Lawyers

Professions all over the world include this specialty in the first places in the ranking in terms of demand. It is lawyers who deal with the settlement of all kinds of legal conflicts. AT modern world without their intervention, not a single contract is drawn up, not a single document is signed, and not a single major transaction is carried out.

Market Analysts

Let's look further at the rating of professions. Market analysts receive today about 112 thousand dollars a year. They help answer questions about whether it is worth releasing your product into circulation and when it is better to do it. Specialists collect the necessary information, conduct analysis, predict potential future sales, customer availability and business success.

The medicine

In the coming years - this is apparently in the field of medicine. For example, the demand for dental services is four times greater than the supply. New dental offices open regularly, but they still cannot completely fill this niche.

Anesthesiologists also earn a lot. This position is especially popular abroad. This is not just a doctor who chooses the dose of anesthesia during the operation. This is a professional who ensures the safety of the patient both during the operation and after its completion.

Surgeons receive about 350 thousand dollars a year. In addition to performing operations, their duties include a lot of "paperwork" and constant examinations of patients. Accordingly, such a high level of wages is well deserved.

Pilots

Remember the nursery rhyme that "all professions are needed." Pilots are in demand today no less than doctors. Air transport is the fastest and most popular in the world. Therefore, the profession of a pilot is one of the most prestigious and highly paid. But there are a lot of requirements for it: precise skills, training, psychological stress, responsibility for people's lives. Today, of course, unmanned aircraft are already appearing. However, they will not be able to completely displace living people for sure not soon.

Senior managers

The directory of working professions, as a rule, does not include such specialties. In fact, these positions are very much in demand. These include the president of the company, and CEO. In essence, they are one and the same. The top manager is the main figure in the functioning of the enterprise. He needs to make important decisions, choose the course of the company, be responsible for the final result of the work. This position requires a lot of responsibility, therefore it often leads a person to stressful conditions.

social professions

Next item. Social professions have a lot of advantages. They provide an opportunity to engage in a variety of interesting activities, broaden horizons, provide self-realization of the individual.

Social and humanitarian professions include: coach, psychologist, sociologist, Social worker, social educator, ethnographer, archaeologist, blogger, copywriter, media employee, political scientist, educator, teacher, recruiter, tour guide, graphic designer, PR specialist, linguist, translator, speech therapist, culturologist, museum worker, librarian. Social and economic specialties include: accountant, marketer, manager, economist.

Rare Professions

So, the positions in demand are considered. Now it is worth turning your attention to the most rare professions in the world. This group includes the position of a sign language interpreter. The professions of a postiger (a person who makes wigs, beards, eyelashes, sideburns, mustaches and braids to order), a machine operator at a match factory (osierator), a kavist (a specialist in alcoholic beverages offering a specific wine for a specific dish), a ti-tester (tea taster), greenkeeper (specialist responsible for the condition of green lawns for football, baseball, rugby, golf, etc.), oenologist (specialist who selects grape varieties for making wine) and speechwriter (writer for politicians and businessmen ).

Rare male professions

And now more specifically. The rarest professions in the world among men are sometimes simply striking in their originality. Among them: a dergal (a specialist who collects seaweed for three months a year), an organ builder, a climbing equipment tester, an aircraft washer, a monsterologist (a specialist in the study of monsters), a cow shearer, an observer at the work of strippers. The latter watch the dances of the girls for two months, make notes and receive wages in the amount of 10 thousand dollars a month.

Rare female professions

AT recent times the line between men and began to blur more and more. Nevertheless, there are such professions where meeting a woman is a rarity. For example, there is only one single female gondolier in the world. To master this profession, the Venetian had to undergo six months of training and pass exams.

Infrequently, you can also meet women truckers. However, such cases do occur. Women are driving huge trucks. At the same time, they build family life, raise children.

Women are also known to cope with the work of glassblowers no worse than men. Moreover, they can create masterpieces thanks to their subtle feminine taste.

The rarest profession in the world

The rarest profession in the world is considered to be the caretaker of a paradise island. It arose when a person was needed who could promote holidays on one of the Australian islands. One of the travel companies was looking for such a person. For six months, the man had to live in a villa on the island, swim in the pool, scuba dive, take pictures, play golf and blog. For six months spent on Hamilton Island, the happy owner of this profession was able to earn 110 thousand dollars.

Summing up, it is worth saying: "To each his own!". Do not forget about the above quote - "All professions are needed!".

Managers are traditionally considered leaders in terms of salaries in Russia. According to the recruiting portal Superjob, offers for top managers - directors of organizations and heads of major business areas - start from 220-250 thousand rubles.

The upper bar is usually hidden behind the wording "by agreement". This means that the salary depends on the qualifications of the applicant and will be supplemented by a bonus system for achieving certain results.

In some positions, the earnings of managers are close to a million rubles.

In second place are experts. highly qualified in the field of IT. Recruiters assure that this direction is more promising. Development Specialist mobile applications who has proven experience, after 3–4 years of work in the industry, can apply for a salary to which a manager grows in 10–12 years.

Also among the highest paid professionals are airline employees. Managers (eg. technical director) offer from 300 thousand rubles, to the aircraft commander - from 350 to 470 thousand rubles or more, to the head of the flight attendant service - from 150 thousand rubles. In addition, airlines usually pay employees annual performance-based bonuses.

Recently, Aeroflot introduced lump sum payments when employing flight personnel: the aircraft commander receives 650 thousand rubles, the co-pilot - 350 thousand rubles.

The highest paid vacancies in July in Moscow

1. Marketing director / head of marketing department in a pharmaceutical company - up to 300,000 rubles.
2. Financial director of a group of companies - from 260,000 to 300,000 rubles.
3. Director of accounting, reporting and tax planning - up to 230,000 rubles.
4. Head of the Procurement Department - from 200,000 to 350,000 rubles.
5. Director of external logistics - from 200,000 to 300,000 rubles.
6. Lead Python / TeamLead developer - from 140,000 rubles.

Top 10 industries with the highest average earnings according to Rosstat

1. Financial and insurance - 68,593 rubles (the average salary of the highest paid workers in the industry is 253,668 rubles).
2. Mining - 66,973 rubles (197,326 rubles).
3. Fishing and fish farming - 64,425 rubles (266,058 rubles).
4. Activities in the field of information and communication - 57,601 rubles (207,307 rubles).
5. Scientific research and development - 57,516 rubles (176,438 rubles).
6. Professional scientific and technical activities - 56,250 rubles (199,302 rubles).
7. Production of coke and oil products; chemical substances and chemical products; medicines and materials used for medical purposes - 53,341 rubles (183,803 rubles).
8. Repair and installation of machinery and equipment - 47,354 rubles (132,395 rubles).
9. Construction - 45,941 rubles (139,270 rubles).
10. Metallurgical production, finished metal products, except for machinery and equipment - 44,162 rubles (116,307 rubles).

Who has the best prospects

Good salaries can be received both by specialists who are not narrow (like, for example, pilots) and not the most experienced (like managers with long experience).

Superjob analyzed the offers of employers for employees with at least average qualifications and work experience from one to three years.

Here is what the top 10 professions with the fastest growing salaries look like.

1. Oracle Developer.
   Annual salary increase: 21%.
   Average earnings: 100,000–120,000 rubles.
2. Foreign exchange specialist.
   Annual salary increase: 20%.
   Average earnings: 55,000–70,000 rubles.
3. Chief designer.
   Annual salary increase: 19%.
   
4. Head of software testing department.
   
   Average earnings: 120,000–165,000 rubles.
5. Lawyer in international law.
   Annual salary increase: 18%.
   Average earnings: 80,000–120,000 rubles.
6. Head of Internet projects.
   Annual salary increase: 17%.
   Average earnings: 100,000–150,000 rubles.
7. Java programmer.
   Annual salary increase: 14%.
   Average earnings: 100,000–130,000 rubles.
8. Tax Lawyer.
   Annual salary increase: 13%.
   Average earnings: 70,000–110,000 rubles.
9. PHP programmer.
   Annual salary increase: 12%.
   Average earnings: 90,000–120,000 rubles.
10. Systems Analyst.
    Annual salary increase: 11%.
    Average earnings: 90,000–140,000 rubles.

As for the prospects, the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation found out that the most demanded employees today are skilled workers in the metalworking and machine-building industries, high-level specialists from the fields of science, culture, construction, transport (in particular, pilots) and lawyers.

In some situations, it is very difficult to find a profession that will not only bring good profit, but also bring real pleasure. In addition, it is necessary to understand that if the activity does not bring pleasure, then it will not be possible to achieve great heights. Therefore, it is very important to approach responsibly the choice of your future profession. In this situation, you should pay attention to the factor that absolutely all types of activities can be divided into different classes. This greatly simplifies the search for your profession. In this review, we will try to consider the main types of specialties and their brief description.

It is necessary to carefully understand the objects of work

Absolutely all professions can be attributed to certain types, guided by the subject of labor, means of labor, and many others. When all this is taken into account, each individual profession may correspond to a certain code or profile. In other words, it is quite easy to determine what type it will belong to and by what criterion it can be recognized. It is also possible to understand which items are most preferred for a particular person. With the help of such an action, one can understand what types of professions are suitable for each individual.

Key criteria to consider

Each individual specialty, for certain reasons, can be attributed to a certain type. There is also the possibility that the profession will correspond to several varieties at once. Different types of professions correspond to a certain classification. Its main criteria should be given to help determine the type of specialty.

1. The subject of labor. In this case, this criterion is divided into such components as nature, technology, man, sign, artistic image.
2. Working conditions. They can be domestic, outdoors, unusual, with high moral responsibility.
3. Means of labor can be manual, automated, functional, machine.
4. The aims of labor are gnostic, transformative, and exploratory.

Separation of several professions into different categories

If we take into account such a criterion as the object of labor, then absolutely all types of professions can be divided into five types. However, it should be understood that in reality such a division is quite rough. It is necessary not just to attribute the specialty to any one of the five listed types. For each individual specialty, it is determined which subject of labor is closer, with which it is better to work. There may be three such items. Such an assessment provides an opportunity to divide among themselves the specialties located within the same group. This can be done by identifying the subject of labor, which is secondary to a certain one. Some types of professions should be given, describing them in more detail.

Close relationship with nature

"Man-nature". The main professions that are included in this class are a seed grower, a dog handler, an agronomist, a livestock specialist, a master livestock breeder, etc. The subject of labor in this situation is plant and animal organisms, microorganisms. These activities are closely related to agriculture, scientific research, medicine and food industry. Strange as it may seem, psychologists, tourism managers and hotel business. However, it is not the main one. It should be understood that the above types of work and professions are aimed not only at those objects of labor that have been mentioned. For example, plant growers, working in a team, can use a wide variety of equipment in their activities. In addition, they consider economic evaluation his work. However, the main subject of attention and concern are plants and the environment in which they exist.

What is your relationship with nature?

Considering different types jobs and professions, it is necessary to understand that this type of activity requires a thorough approach. It is necessary to carefully understand how a person relates to nature: as a place of rest or as a kind of workshop. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the factor that biological objects are considered to be rather complex and changeable. They are not exactly standard. Plants, animals and microorganisms develop, live, get sick and die. The worker must not only know a lot about living organisms, he must foresee the changes that take place in them. The person must take the initiative. He must be independent in making certain decisions on specific labor tasks.

For whom is technology the dominant object of labor?

Considering the main types of professions and their description, special attention should be paid to such type of activity as "man-technician". The leading subject of labor in this situation are technical objects and materials, as well as various types of energy. The basic specialties in this category are considered to be a computer assembler, a builder, a radio mechanic, an electrician, an architect, a metallurgical technician, a carpenter, a sinker, etc.

Principal activities of this class

Professions in which a person acts as an object of labor

What types of professions "man-man" can be listed? These are doctors, teachers, psychologists, hairdressers, guides, managers, heads of art groups, etc. People directly act as the basic subject of labor. Among the professions of this type can be distinguished:

1. Specialties that are closely related to the process of teaching and educating people, as well as the organization of children's groups.
2. Activities based on production management, management of people and teams.
3. Professions closely related to domestic and commercial services.
4. Specialties based on information services.
5. Different types of economic professions.
6. Activities that are built on the basis of information and art services and guidance artistic groups of people.
7. Professions based on medical care.

What qualities should a person have?

In order to successfully prove yourself in all of the above activities, you must be able to form and maintain contacts with people. They need to be understood salient features. It is also necessary to gain knowledge in the fields of production, art and science. It is necessary to understand what qualities can be useful in activities of this kind.

1. stable good mood while working and interacting with people.
2. The need for constant communication.
3. The ability to understand the intentions, thoughts and mood of people.
4. The ability to quickly understand relationships between different people.
5. The ability to find a common language in a fairly short period of time and with different people.

People who are accustomed to working with numbers and symbols

Speaking about different types of professions, we should mention such a category as "man - sign systems". The main subject of labor in this situation is a variety of numbers, codes, symbols. The basic professions are considered to be a translator, secretary-typist, programmer, topographer, draftsman.

This type of specialty includes:

1. Professions that are closely related to the preparation of documentation, office work and analysis of texts, as well as their correction and coding.
2. An activity based on working with numbers and quantitative ratios.
3. Specialties that are associated with the processing of information coming in the form of a complex of conventional signs and schematic images.

When analyzing professions, activities in this category, it should be understood that for successful activity it is necessary to have the ability to mentally immerse yourself in the world of dry conventional signs. One must learn to be distracted from the surrounding world in order to fully concentrate on information that carries certain signs. requires the search for solutions to the problems of control, accounting, processing and verification of information.

Specialties that require creativity

Particular attention should be paid to such a category as "a person - an artistic image." The types of professions included in it for children and adults are suitable almost equally. The main subject of labor is a creative image, methods of its formation. The following basic specialties can be distinguished: artist, literary worker, musician, designer, artist, stone carver, etc. Professions of this type include:

1. Activities related to the visual arts.
2. Specialties based on musical activity.
3. Professions closely related to literature.
4. Professions that involve working on stage.

The main difference between this type of profession is that a huge amount of labor costs remain hidden to outsiders. In addition, quite often special efforts should be made in order to create an effect of lightness and ease.

The choice of activity must be approached responsibly

In this review, the main types of work and professions were given. The choice of a certain type of activity should be approached with great responsibility, since it will depend on this whether you reach great heights or not. In addition, you need to figure out what attracts you the most. Not everyone can perform equally well on stage and, for example, work with technology. This needs to be understood when making a choice in favor of a certain type of profession.

You should wish you good luck in finding the best profession in which you feel in your place. Good luck in your work!