Each of us has ever had to deal with the process of knitting knots. Sometimes you need to tie a simple knot. But there are times when you need to make more reliable connections. It is then that it is worth resorting to the use of the well-known "sea knots". Knowing a dozen of the most common, you can choose the right one for every task, from tying a hook on a fishing trip to lifting bulky loads on a rope cable.

Brief history of occurrence

It originates at the dawn of time. Since ancient times, primitive people have used knot letters to convey information. In the absence of other materials, such compounds were also used to create tools and household items.

However, the knot weaving technique gained the greatest popularity with the development of navigation. Even then, prerequisites arose for the creation of a system of nodal connections capable of reliably fixing ship equipment.

Sailors used a triangular wooden plank with a rope tied to it. Knots were tied along its entire length. The distance between them was a multiple of a certain fraction of a nautical mile. Throwing the board overboard, the sailors timed the unwinding of the string. In such a simple way, they determined the speed of the vessel. Subsequently, this unit of measurement was called the sea knot.

From the school curriculum we are well acquainted the so-called "Gordian knot". They were tied to a cart in the temple of Zeus in Phrygia. The legend said that whoever could untie it would easily conquer the whole world. But this could not be done by anyone before the great commander - Alexander the Great. He just cut the bundle with his sword.

At the end of the twentieth century, the popularization of tourism (and in particular mountaineering) gave a new impetus to the development of knot weaving techniques. An important role in the third millennium is given to knitting fishing equipment. Depending on the methods of fishing, different types of connections are used.

Classification by main features

They are divided according to a number of factors. From here you can divide them according to several main features:

There are many more signs by which nodal connections and loops can be qualified. For complete knowledge, you will need to study more than a dozen books on this topic. In practice, it is enough to have an idea about a dozen basic methods of how to tie knots on a rope.

Types and methods of knitting

If you try to classify knots and loops into groups according to certain criteria, then such an occupation will take a very long time. AT different countries there are names and modifications of the same species. In addition, over time, constructive changes are made to some of them. But still it is worth noting the most commonly used compounds in various spheres of life.

It is best to start with the study of rope types:

To bind objects

Having mastered the above connections, you can go to fasteners. Of these, it is worth highlighting a few of the main ones:

1. Noose - easy to learn and quite reliable. It gains the greatest strength when using more than four internal revolutions. The best application is a constant uniform load. In its absence, it is quite easy to untie.
2. A quick-release knot is designed for temporary fasteners. One end is used to hold the load. By pulling the second, you can quickly release the entire cord. Indispensable in cases where you need to lower the load and return the rope.

Tourists and climbers

Tourist knots have, as a rule, narrow specialization. They are used for knitting functional loops:

Help for the angler

A special place is occupied fishing knots. Depending on the material of the main cord used (monofilament fishing line, braid, fluorocarbon) and the diameter, one or another nodal connection is used:

For decorative crafts

The main semantic load of such weaving is undeniably spiritual or aesthetic perception. For a long time, religious or mystical background belonged to certain weaves.

The pagans made protective amulets and bracelets from different kind nodes. With the development of Christianity came to the fore decorative weaving function:

In each direction there are a dozen time-tested nodes. Therefore, do not fill your head with detailed information about various modifications. It is better to choose a dozen specific ones for yourself. But for this you only need practical experience their use.

A few basic terms

If you start to go into the details of knitting certain knots, then in the necessary literature you can find set of certain specific terms. Having general idea about them, it will be much easier to comprehend the necessary information:

Any knowledge, including about weaving knots, will definitely come in handy in Everyday life. One way or another, any sphere of life, whether it be a hobby or everyday work, is connected with this science. Therefore, spending a couple of evenings on the basics of weaving knots, you can avoid most of the difficulties in the future.

In this article, we will start showing and talking about rope knots, their types and different ways their knitting, The information will be translated and updated as new video instructions are filmed. Sometimes knots haunt a person at every step, leaving the house, we tie a tie and shoes, in everyday life and in nature, we have to knit knots. Any fisherman or hunter already knows how to tie various knots for their needs. And in mountaineering or in the marine business, people simply have to be able to tie a dozen knots.

Knots exist for a variety of purposes and purposes, making loops that tighten or not, connecting ropes of the same or different diameters, for tying rope to various objects, and so on. But it takes practice to tie knots correctly. And it is better to abandon the knot, and use another one if you have any doubts about its knitting. We will start with the simplest knots, and with each new knot we will get closer to more complex knots.

simple knot

A simple knot used to connect ropes and is constituent element many knots, it can also be tied at the end of the rope to prevent it from unraveling. Perhaps this is the simplest of all knots and the smallest. But when the cable is pulled, the knot is strongly tightened and sometimes it is difficult to untie it. A simple knot strongly bends the rope, which reduces the strength of the cable by more than 2 times. But, nevertheless, this is the most popular node.

Straight Knot (Reef)

A straight knot is used to connect ropes of approximately the same diameter. It is not safe to tie ropes of different diameters with this knot, as a thin rope will tear a thicker rope. The direct knot was known as early as five thousand years BC in Egypt. And the ancient Greeks and Romans called him Hercules, because this is how the mythical hero Hercules tied the skin of a lion on his chest. The straight knot has four knitting options, but it is enough to know and be able to knit one of them. Control nodes are required at the root ends.

Hunter's Knot (Hunter's Knot)

In 1968, English doctor Edward Hunter (Edward Hunter) accidentally invented a knot that holds perfectly on cables and even on synthetic fishing line. In essence, it was a successful interlacing of two simple knots tied at the ends of two ropes. This invention caused a sensation in certain circles, and British patent experts issued a patent for this invention to Edward. The Hunter knot is held on all ropes, especially on soft ones, as well as on ribbons and fishing lines. The author of the book "Sea Knots" L. N. Skryagin gave this knot a different name - "Hunting Knot" since the surname Hunter is translated from English as a hunter.

counter eight

Another of the oldest knots for tying two ropes. This knot has another name "Flemish knot". This is a reliable and durable knot, it practically does not reduce the strength of the rope. To begin with, a figure eight is knitted at the end of one of the ropes, and then all the bends of the figure eight on the first rope are repeated with the running end of the second rope and passed towards the root end. After that, tighten. The counter eight is relatively easy to untie.

knot grapevine

Grapevine is the strongest of the knots designed for tying ropes of the same diameter. This knot has the lowest rope loosening ratio of 5%, other knots do not have such indicators. When tying the Grapevine knot, you can do without control knots, it still remains quite safe.

Knot Bayonet

This knot is a non-tightening loop that can hold a load acting in almost any direction. Another main advantage of this knot is that it can be easily untied even under load, which is very convenient. Make one and a half turns of the rope around a tree, post or even a stone. Lead the running end over the root end, bring it down and pass from under the root end into the loop formed (this is how you got the hose). Tighten and make another hose, and at the end be sure to tie a control knot.

Knot Quick Untie

The next knot can be named: pirate knot, bucket knot. This knot is quite secure if properly tied, and it can also be untied very easily and quickly by pulling on the running end. Recommended for temporary fastening, where you need to quickly untie the knot. Or it can be used in descending situations where you need to return the rope after descending by pulling on the running end.

Grasping Prusik knot

This knot is mainly used as a belay when descending or climbing a rope. In the event of a person falling off during the descent, this knot is tightened and prevents him from falling. And when climbing a rope, this knot can be used as a jumar. Pulling the knot up from the bottom, when loaded, the knot will tighten and hold the person. The knot was invented by Karl Prusik, president of the Austrian Alpine Club in 1931, and has proven itself in mountaineering and mountain tourism. But the knot does not work well on a wet and icy rope.

Austrian conductor

The knot is used when you need to make a loop in the middle of the rope, to create an anchor point in case of belaying, or if you need to separate the frayed section of the rope. This node also has other names: Alpine Butterfly, Middle Node, Median Conductor, Median Conductor.

Bowline Knot (Arbor Knot)

This is one of the oldest and most popular knots. Bowline can be safely called the "king of knots" for its simplicity and reliability. This knot is knitted at the end of the rope and is a secure, non-tightening loop. The gazebo is used in maritime, mountaineering and tourism. It will also be very useful to be able to tie this knot with one hand, which can be useful to you in an emergency.

Shkotovy and Bramshkotovy knot

These knots are used to tie ropes, both of different diameters, and the same. Knots are fast and easy to tie. Control nodes are also required for these nodes.

Bunny Ears (Double Conductor)

This is a knot that resembles a double bowline. Hare ears form two non-tightening loops. This knot does not require control knots, but after a heavy load it is difficult to untie. It is used mainly in mountaineering and in the case when it is necessary to transport the victim down to a shallow depth.

Rope bottom harness

Non-tightening:

Simple half bayonet

Simple half bayonet- is the simplest of non-tightening knots and is widely used in maritime affairs. A simple half-bayonet serves as the final element of many knots. The running end of the cable will be wrapped around the object to which the cable must be tied, then around the root end of the cable and passed into the loop formed.

After that, the running end of the cable is fastened with a bout to the root end. The knot tied in this way reliably withstands strong traction. It may move towards the subject, but it will never drag on.

A simple half-bayonet is used to connect two cables with “alien” and “own” ends.

simple bayonet

simple bayonet- two identical half-bayonets make up a knot, which sailors call a simple bayonet.

The figure shows a non-tightening knot widely used in maritime affairs - one of the simplest and most reliable knots for attaching mooring lines to mooring bollards, bitten, guns and poles.

To distinguish a correctly tied bayonet from an incorrect bayonet, the two loops of the knot must be brought together. If this turns out to be a faded knot, then it means that a simple bayonet was tied correctly. For such a bayonet, its running end, both after the first and after the second peg, should exit equally above or below its end. In an inverted, i.e., incorrectly tied simple bayonet (Fig. b), the running end after the second pebble goes in the opposite direction, not like after the first. When two loops of an inverted knotted bayonet are brought together, instead of a bleached one, a cow knot is obtained. If the half-bayonets of a simple bayonet are made in different directions, then when the cable is pulled, they will converge together, and the knot will be tightened. The main use of a simple bayonet in the navy is to fasten the mooring ends to the mooring fixtures, fasten the falls of the guy lines of cargo arrows to the butts and eyelets, and fasten the cargo pendant to the load being lifted.

The maximum number of half bayonets in such a knot under any circumstances should not exceed three, since this is quite enough and the strength of the knot as a whole will not increase with a larger number of half bayonets.

Sailors often use two simple bayonets to temporarily connect two mooring lines, cable lines and perlines.

On the shore, this knot can be used in all cases when the cable needs to be temporarily attached to some object for strong traction, for example, by a hook when towing a car.

Bed bayonet

Bed bayonet- for many centuries, a canvas hanging berth in the form of a hammock with a thin mattress made of crushed cork served as a bed for sailors on ships. Tying a knot to hang a bunk is serious business. Here you need to use a knot that would not be tightened, easily untied and held securely.

The most important thing is that it does not untie itself under the influence of the continuous pitching of the ship. Sailors used various knots to hang their beds, but the bayonet was considered the most reliable.

A simple bayonet with two hoses

A simple bayonet with two hoses- in fact, this is also a kind of simple bayonet. The difference from the previous node is an additional, third hose.

It increases the strength of the knot if the cable experiences constant friction against the bollard or bitten.

Attaching the cable to the hook using this knot is a very reliable method.

Bayonet

Bayonet- if for a simple bayonet with two hoses the latter pass to the side of the attachment point of the root end, then for this knot they are placed one on each side. This gives the knot greater symmetry, the knot, in the event of a change in the direction of the thrust, moves less along the object for which it is tied.

To tie a bayonet with a fence, you first need to make one hose around the object with the running end, surround it behind the root end and make the hose again, but in the other direction. This is followed by one or two half bayonets.

Fishing bayonet

Fishing bayonet- one of the most critical cases of using a knot in maritime business is tying an anchor rope to an anchor.

For five thousand years of the existence of shipping, people for this purpose could not come up with a more reliable knot than a fishing bayonet. Proven by centuries of experience in maritime practice, this knot is recognized by sailors of all countries as the most reliable for attaching a rope to an eye or to an anchor bracket.

Fishing bayonet(or anchor knot) is somewhat similar to a simple bayonet with a hose. It differs from it in that the first of the two half-bayonets passes additionally inside the hose that wraps around the object.

When using this knot for an anchor, it is always necessary to grab the running end with a fight to the root one - in this case, even with very strong traction, the fishing bayonet does not tighten and holds securely.

Application: Fisherman's bayonet is used to tie drekts for anchor brackets, the ends of the cable when applying safety nets to cargo hatches. The fishing bayonet is used in all cases when it is required to fasten the cable with a reliable and easily untied knot.

reverse bayonet

reverse bayonet- when mooring ships to piers and berths, a situation often arises when it is very difficult to enclose the running end of the cable around a fell or log. Sometimes you have to literally crawl under the pier in order to thread the end of the log or eye from the bow of the boat or boat. Using a reverse bayonet, you can encircle the cable around the desired object once and at the same time tie a knot with two hoses around the object to which you attach the moorings. To do this, the running end of the cable must be doubled over a length of 2-3 meters and, looping forward, skip it around the object, pull the loop towards you. Now the running end of the cable must be threaded into this loop, and for the root end, take out the slack and finish the knot with two half bayonets.

The reverse bayonet is convenient for use in cases where access to the object to which they want to attach the cable is difficult or inconvenient for tying a knot, such as a tow hook, for some brands of cars

mast bayonet

mast bayonet- the original combination of two good knots gives a reliable and simple knot.

First, around the object to which the cable is attached, a bleed knot is tied, and at the root end of the cable, an ordinary bayonet is made, which, as you know, is also a modified bleed knot.

To prevent the mast bayonet from being tightened, the first knot is not fully tightened.

Towing knot

Towing knot- the knot is used for fastening the cable on the towing hook or on the bitten.

They can delay or bleed the towing line.

Due to the successive application of several cable hoses to the bitten, the towing line can be etched from the biteng, and when the tension of the tug is loosened, it can be selected again in the form of loops thrown over the biteng from above.

Port node- to hold the mooring synthetic end on a twin bollard is a simple matter, but what if instead of a double bollard you have a single bollard (or biteng) at your disposal, and there is no fire at the end of the mooring?

For this purpose, there are several original knots in marine practice. Let us explain the principle of one of them, which can be attributed to the number of non-tightening knots.

First, around a single bollard, you need to make several hoses with the running end of the mooring cable. After that, fold the running end in half and in this form, in a loop, pass it under the stretched root part of the cable, turn the loop 360 degrees and throw it on top of the bollard.

This knot does not slip and holds securely. The cable can be given away at any moment, even if the mooring lines are under strong tension. To do this, you need to slightly select the running end passing under the root end and increase the loop, after which it will not be difficult to throw it off the bollard.

Self-tightening knot

Self-tightening knot- the most original of the primitive knots. A pull commensurate with the strength of the cable can be applied to the root of the cable of this assembly, and it will hold securely. The greater the thrust, the stronger the free running end is pressed against the hose, the knot tightens itself.

This knot should be used with great care. Always remember that it is reliable only when it is tied around a log and a constant effort is applied to the root end. If this force is applied to the cable alternately, as if in jerks, then the running end may slip out from under the root end of the cable.

It makes sense to use a self-tightening knot in cases where the load suspended from the root end is motionless and the direction of thrust to this end does not change.

Self-tightening knot with half bayonet- by adding one or two half bayonets to a self-tightening knot, we get more reliable node, which can be used for various needs in everyday life.

cow knot

cow knot- this knot is considered a good sea knot. It holds without fail if a pull is applied to the cable. The cow knot is actually an incorrect (inverted) bayonet, working in a different capacity.

From time immemorial, this knot has been used on ships for attaching vyblek to the extreme shrouds with the help of a line, for temporarily attaching the cable to the eye during stretching for cage and trembling.

On the shore, in addition to the fact that cows (as well as goats) are really tied to a stake with this knot, it is used when pulling a rope for fences.

blind loop

blind loop- if the running and root ends of the cow knot are connected together and traction is applied to both ends, then the knot obtained in this way will already be called a blind loop.

It is sometimes called a tag knot because it is very useful for tying keys together, for holding washers and other items that have a hole, and for wrapping around the neck of a bag when tying it.

Clove hitch

Clove hitch- this knot got its name due to the fact that on ships they have long been attached to the shrouds of shrouds - transverse sections of a resinous cable that serve as steps for climbing the masts.

The vyblenochny knot consists of two half-bayonets tied in the same direction. This is a very secure pull knot that holds securely as long as the pull is applied to both ends of the cable. It is extremely useful for attaching cables to smooth surfaces such as a mast, yardarm, boom, or just a log. In the days of the sailing fleet, in addition to its main purpose, the bleached knot was used to knit the root ends of the marsa-drayreps on the topmast.

There are two various ways knitting a vybleknot knot. The first method is used in cases where one of the ends of the object around which the knot is knitted is open and accessible, the second when the cable has to be carried directly around the object.

The range of application of this node in everyday life is very wide. With it, you can attach a rope to a smooth post or crossbar, tie a bag, pull a rope between two posts, tie a bowstring to a bow, moor a boat for a pile or a stake dug on the shore, attach twine to a thick cable.

The vyblenochny knot is very convenient for giving of the tool on height (for example, the hammer working on a mast). When weaving many types of fishing nets, the faded knots form the first row of knitting.

However, when using a bleached knot, you should always remember that it is reliable only with constant traction on a cable or rope. A variation of the bleached knot is the buoy knot, which serves to fasten the buoy to the trend of the Admiralty anchor. In the latter case, the running end of the cable must have a knob and be attached to the anchor spindle with a bout or benzelle.

retractable bayonet

retractable bayonet- on sailing ships, this knot found even more use than the bleached one. This is due to the fact that it is even more perfect and more reliable than bleached. It can also be used in cases where the direction of the cable pull is at an acute angle to the log (yard, mast, etc.) or to the cable to which it is attached. The retractable bayonet holds even if the thrust is directed almost along the log. Unlike the bleached knot, the retractable bayonet has not two, but three hoses covering the object: one on one side of the root end and two on the other. When tying this knot, it is necessary to take into account in which direction the thrust for the root end will be directed, and depending on this, knit the knot. It is easy to remember: on which side the thrust is - there are two hoses.

Once upon a time, a retractable bayonet in the navy was used to lift spars up if the cable had to be tied in their middle.

They knitted the ends of proudes when climbing swarms of fox spirits. They also tied a block with a sweater to a yard and to fox-alcohol. The ends of the embossing of the spiers were fastened with a whistle also with the help of a retractable bayonet. When the boats stood near the side of the ship on a pendant, on a backboard, or were towed, they were tied with painters to the can with the same retractable bayonet.

When using this knot in everyday life, one should not forget that, like the knotted knot, it is reliable only under load and does not like sharp weakening.
hafel knot

hafel knot- the name already says that he is from the family of marine knots.

At present, it has already been forgotten, apparently because the need for it has disappeared.

You can always use it in everyday life when it becomes necessary to quickly attach the cable to some cylindrical object.

oak loop- the simplest loop of all existing non-tightening loops.

It is knitted with a simple knot at the end of the rope, folded in half. The oak loop is strong and secure, but greatly weakens the cable by bending it.

Unlike the oak knot, it can be used on synthetic rope.

Its significant drawback is that the knot at the end of the cable is strongly tightened and the loop is very difficult to untie.

Vein loop

Vein loop- if you tie an oak loop with a doubled running end to make an additional hose, you will get a loop that will be a little easier to untie (hereinafter, the working loop is indicated in the diagrams with a cross).

fishing loop

fishing loop- often it is called the English loop or the fishing fire.

It can be tied both at the end and in the middle of the cable.

When tightening, the knots need to be brought together.

This loop is widely used by anglers. Sailors use it instead of a factory fire when a mooring cable breaks and in cases where it is necessary to securely fasten the cable to an object.

Arbor knot

Arbor knot- the name of this node comes from the “gazebo”, but not from the usual, but from the marine arbor, which is a small wooden board - a platform that serves to lift a person onto the mast or lower the ship overboard during painting or other work. Its second name is bowline.

The arbor knot, despite its amazing compactness, simultaneously contains elements of a simple knot, half-bayonet, weaving and direct nodes. The elements of all these nodes in a certain combination give the gazebo node the right to be called universal. It is surprisingly easy to knit, even with strong traction it never tightens “tightly”, does not spoil the cable, never slides along the cable, does not untie itself, but it is easy to untie it when necessary.

The main purpose of the gazebo is to tie a person with a cable under the armpits as a means of insurance when climbing to a height, lowering overboard or in a smoky room during a fire on board a ship. You can insert a gazebo into the non-tightening loop of this knot. A loop tied with a gazebo knot on the mooring line reliably serves as a fire. This knot can be successfully used to tie two cables of any diameter or to tie a thick vegetable cable with a steel one (in this case, the cables are connected by loops, and the knots are knitted at their root ends). Of all the methods of tying two cables of different materials (for example, hemp and steel, dacron and manila), connecting with two arbor knots with loops will be the most reliable. In addition, a reliable tightening loop can be made from the gazebo (see Fig. 85). It can be used for mooring and for attaching the cable to the hook. gazebo knot it can also be used without fear for temporary shortening of the cable or in the case when it is required to exclude a worn-out piece of cable from work by tying the knot so that this piece falls on the loop.

Imagine the following situation: you ended up overboard a ship in the water, they threw you a line from the deck along which you cannot climb up, because it is slippery. By tying a harness knot around your waist and moving the resulting loop under your arms, you can ensure that you are safely pulled out of the water onto the deck. This magnificent knot has saved the lives of sailors more than once. To untie the gazebo knot, it is enough to slightly move the loop of the running end along the weakened root of the cable.

Double gazebo

Double gazebo- a knot with two non-tightening loops is used instead of a gazebo for lifting a person to a height, for lifting or lowering a person who has lost consciousness, and in other cases. When knitting a knot, one of the loops is made almost half the size of the other. A person sits in one loop, the second loop wraps around his torso under the armpits. This allows him, having risen to a height, to work with both hands.

In marine practice, there are several ways to tie a double bow knot. Let's explain the most wait. The knot is knitted with a cable folded in half. After entering the running end (in the form of a loop) into the small loop of the knot, the goth end needs to be pulled out a little and, wrapped around the large loop, placed in the upper part of the knot. Holding the root of the cable with one hand, pull the right side of the large double loop with the other hand. After that, the knot will tighten and be ready for use.

Running simple knot

Running simple knot- the simplest knot, forming a tightening loop.

When pulling at the root end, the loop is tightened, but it can be increased in size by pulling the running end away from the loop.

A knot can be tied anywhere on the rope. With it, you can tighten a bag, tie a bale, attach a cable to something, moor a boat behind a pile.

sliding figure eight- based on the principle of eight.

This knot belongs to the category of reliable, strongly tightened loops.
It has the property of smoothly and evenly tightening when pulling at the root end.

Sliding blind loop

Sliding blind loop- a simple and durable knot can be used in everyday life for tightening various bales and bundles during their packaging.

running bowline

running bowline- this is the same gazebo knot with a small loop into which the root end is passed.

It is based on the principle of a lasso - a running bowline operates flawlessly.

In maritime affairs, it is used to catch floating logs and driftwood, they are looking for and raising Admiralty anchors left at the bottom.

Tightening noose

Tightening noose- finds other uses in maritime affairs. It is used for temporary fastening of a cable for objects floating in the water or for throwing and fastening a cable for any object on the shore. This knot has an advantage even over such a good knot as a half-bayonet garrote, in that the running end of the cable cannot slip out of the loop, and therefore a tightening garrote is considered more reliable.

On sailboats, this knot was used to fasten the root ends of the mars-sheets and mars-git and other gear in those cases when it was necessary to have these ends ready for recoil.

To tie this knot, the cable is laid in the form of two loops of the same size. Both loops are surrounded several times with the running end of the cable, after which this end is passed into the loop facing the root of the cable, and, pulling out the extreme loop, they are clamped in it. A tightening noose can always be easily untied by pulling on the root of the cable.

This gloomy knot can be used well in maritime affairs in two ways. Firstly, according to the scheme of its knitting, it is convenient to store the cable in the form of a compact bay. By making this knot without a loop at the running end of the throwing end, you will get excellent lightness. If you find it not heavy enough, dip it in water before use.

Untying simple knot

Untying simple knot- serves well as a simple stopper, which can be quickly given away even under cable tension.

When jerking the running end, it will instantly untie.

It can be used in all cases when you need to temporarily fix something in such a way that at any moment you can release the rope.

Unleashing figure eight

Unleashing figure eight- if you make an ordinary figure eight with a loop, i.e., skip the running end folded in half into its last loop, then we will get a good quick-release stopper, which is called the "Unleashing Eight".

Untying running simple knot- can be easily converted into a quick-release without changing its function, i.e. using it as a running, and not as a quickly untied knot.

To do this, you need to enter the running end, folded in half, into its loop. In this case, it will have two properties at once - it will tighten and quickly untie if you pull on the running end sticking out of the loop.

With the help of this knot, it is possible to moor the boat behind the coastal fell in such a way that, if necessary, the painter can be given away without leaving the boat, by pulling on the running end, left long enough. This is a very common knot. In any case, all over the world, it is they who tie horses by the bridle to a leash. To prevent the knot from being accidentally untied, the end of the bridle is pushed into the loop.

reef knot

reef knot- he got the name from the word “reef-shtert” - a small end of the cable tied into the sail cloth, with which they “took reefs”, that is, they tied the part of the sail matched to the lower luff of the sail or to the boom in order to reduce its area in strong winds in such a way that at any moment, if necessary, they could be untied or, as sailors say, “tear apart”.

For this purpose, a reef knot was used. It is very similar to a straight knot; when knitting the second half-knot, its running end is threaded into a loop folded in half. When jerking the running end, the knot is instantly untied.

Application. A reef knot connects the ends of reef seasons when taking reefs on sails. This knot is used when fixing the pins of covers of ship's boats, compasses, deck mechanisms; when imposing fights on the upper hoses of mooring lines fixed on bollards; when fixing the running ends of cables connected with bayonets or other knots, and in other cases when a reliable, but quickly untied knot is required.

Untie self-tightening knot- if you skip the running end folded in a loop into the loop of this knot, then the knot will still retain its main property, but if desired, it can be quickly untied.

To do this, you just need to pull the running end.

Boat knot

Boat knot- it is used when towing boats and during their parking under a shot at the side of the ship only in those cases when there are people in them. First, the running end of the painter is passed into the bow boat eye, then under the first can, then it is carried from above around the second can, the end is brought out above the cable and again led under the can, then the end of the painter is folded in the form of a loop and led under the hose made on top of the can.

The boat knot is easily untied by pulling the running end of the painter lying on the can.

Wet half bayonet

Wet half bayonet- Many knots, once wet, are difficult to untie. It often happens that in the literal sense of the word, the ends have to be cut.

It was for this situation that the sailors came up with a knot called “wet half-bayonet”.

It is used for fastening painters and mooring lines for bollards, bollards and bitengs.

It is designed for strong traction and fast recoil. No matter how much the knot is tightened and at the same time wet, it can always be quickly given away.
bucket knot

bucket knot- Imagine that a climber needs to go down a rope from a height. He walks alone, and he has only one rope, which he still needs.

What to do in order to take the rope with you when descending from a height?

Very simple: you need to fasten the rope with a bucket knot, go down along its root end and, with a jerk for the long running end, untie the knot tied at the top.

With this "remotely untied" knot, you can lower, for example, a bucket of water from the window of the house, put it on the ground and raise the rope up again.

oak knot

oak knot- sailors use it only in exceptional cases, when it becomes necessary to tie two cables very quickly. Although the connection of plant cables with an oak knot is quite reliable, it has a serious drawback: a tightly tightened knot is very difficult to untie later, especially if it gets wet. In addition, a cable tied in such a knot has less strength and, during operation, creates a danger of catching on something during its movement.

His only positive traits is the speed with which it can be tied, and reliability.

To connect two cables, their ends must be folded lengthwise together and, retreating 15-20 centimeters from the edges, tie both ends as one with a simple knot.

Do not try to tie synthetic cables and fishing line with this knot: he crawls on them.

flemish knot

flemish knot- one of the oldest marine knots, which was used on ships to connect two cables, both thin and thick. In fact, this is the same figure eight, tied with two ends. There are two ways to knit this knot. The first one is shown in the diagram.

First, at the end of one of the cables tied together, make a figure eight, towards the exit of the running end from it, enter the running end of the second cable and repeat the “8” figure tied on the first cable. After that, grasping each two ends, left and right, evenly begin to tighten the knot, trying to keep its shape. To finally tighten the knot, pull on the root ends of the cables.

To connect two cables with a Flemish knot in the second way, put the running ends of the connected cables parallel to one another so that they touch each other approximately along the length of one meter. At this point, tie a figure eight with two cables folded together. In this case, you will have to carry around and thread into the loop along with the short running end of one of the cables and the long root. This is precisely the inconvenience of the second method of knitting the Flemish knot.

The connection of two cables with a Flemish knot is considered very strong. This knot, even when tightly tightened, does not damage the cable, and is relatively easy to untie. In addition, it has excellent quality - does not slip and holds securely on synthetic fishing line.

water node

water node- No less durable is the connection of two cables with a water knot. To tie it, lay the ropes to be tied with their ends towards each other so that their ends run parallel and touch each other. Holding the running and root ends of two different cables in one hand, begin to knit an oak knot with them, but instead of one run-out of the root end, make two. Before finally tightening the knot, check that one pair of ends comes out of the loop from above, and the second from below, as shown in the diagram.

The water unit is simple and reliable. In the Navy, it has not found wide application, because with strong traction it drags on so much that it is very difficult to untie it.

flat knot

flat knot- having eight weaves, the flat knot never tightens too much, does not creep and does not spoil the cable, since it does not have sharp bends, and the load on the cables is evenly distributed over the knot. After removing the load on the cable, this knot is easy to untie.

The principle of a flat knot lies in its shape: it is really flat, and this makes it possible to choose the ropes connected by it on the drums of capstans and windlasses, on the backs of which its shape does not disturb the smooth overlap of subsequent hoses.

This marine knot is indispensable for tying two cables (even steel ones, on which a significant effort will be applied, for example, when pulling a heavy truck stuck in mud on half a wheel with a tractor).

dagger knot

dagger knot- AT foreign practice rigging, this knot is considered one of the best knots for tying two large diameter plant cables. It is not very complicated in its scheme and is quite compact when tightened.

It is most convenient to tie it if you first lay the running end of the cable in the form of the number “8” on top of the root end. After that, thread the elongated running end of the second cable into the loops, passing under the middle intersection of the figure eight, and bring it out over the second intersection of the first cable. Next, the running end of the second cable must be passed under the root end of the first cable and inserted into the figure-eight loop, as indicated by the arrow in the diagram in Fig. 30. When the knot is tightened. two running ends of both cables stick out in different directions. The dagger knot is easy to untie if one of the extreme loops is loosened.

Fisherman's knot

Fisherman's knot- is a combination of two simple knots tied with running ends around other people's root ends. To tie two cables with a fishing knot, you need to put them towards each other and make a simple knot at one end, and pass the other end through its loop and around the root end of the other cable and also tie a simple knot. Then you need to move both loops towards each other so that they come together and tighten the knot. The fishing knot, despite its simplicity, can be fearlessly used to tie two cables of approximately the same thickness. With strong traction, it tightens so tightly that it is almost impossible to untie it.

It is widely used by anglers for tying fishing line (not synthetic) and for attaching leashes to the fishing line.

clew knot

clew knot- It got its name from the word “the lower corner, if it is oblique, and at the same time for two, if it is straight and lined - a tackle that is controlled by a sail, stretching it for one, it is suspended to the yard. Sheets are named after the sail they are attached to. In the sailing fleet, this knot was used when it was necessary to tie the tackle into the fire of the sail in the middle, such as, for example, mars-foxle-sheet.

The clew knot is simple and very easy to untie, but it fully justifies its purpose - it securely holds the sheet in the crank of the sail. Strongly tightening, it does not spoil the cable.

The principle of this knot is that the thin running end passes under the main end and, when pulled, is pressed against it in a loop formed by a thicker cable. When using a clew knot, you should always remember that it holds securely only when traction is applied to the cable. This knot is knitted in almost the same way as a straight one, but its running end is passed not next to the main one, but under it.

A clew knot is best used for attaching a cable to a finished loop, krengels or thimble. It is not recommended to use a clew knot on a synthetic rope, as it slips and can spill out of the loop. For greater reliability, the clew knot is knitted with a hose. In this case, it looks like a bram-sheet knot; the difference is that his hose is made higher than the loop on the root of the cable around the splash.

docker node

docker node- In marine practice, it often becomes necessary to attach a much thinner cable compared to it to a thick rope. Such a need always exists during the mooring of the vessel to the berth, when one or several mooring lines must be supplied from the deck. There are several ways to attach the throwing line to a mooring line that does not have fire, but the most common of them is the use of a docker knot.

To tie this knot, the running end of the thick cable to which you intend to attach the thin cable must be folded in half. Insert a thin cable into the loop formed from below, make one run around the root of the thick cable, pass it under the thin cable, then over the running end of the thick cable and, passing under three cables, insert it into the loop. The docker knot is reliable enough to pull out (or lift onto the deck from the shore) a heavy mooring line with a throwing end, and quickly unties. It is best used as a temporary knot.

creeper knot

creeper knot- although not widely used in the fleet, it is one of the original and reliable knots for tying cables.

The liana knot is unique in that, with a very simple weave, each end separately holds tightly with very strong traction and, moreover, it is very easy to untie after removing the load on the cable - just move any of the loops along the corresponding root end and the knot immediately crumbles.

It does not slip on synthetic fishing line and can be successfully used by anglers.

simple knot

simple knot- This is the simplest of all known knots. To tie it, you need to make a half-knot behind its root end with the running end of the cable. It can be tied at the end or at the middle of the cable. To do this, the running end of the cable is once encircled around its root part and passed into the loop formed.

Depending on how it is tied, a simple knot can be left (fig. a) or right (fig. b).

Nowadays, the "bloody" knot has lost its purpose and finds another use both in everyday life and in various professions, for example, in tailoring and bookbinding to thicken the end of the thread.

"Bloody" knot

"Bloody" knot- differs from a simple one in that its running end, being introduced into the loop, is once again wrapped around the root of the cable. This almost doubles the size of the node.

There are two ways to knit such knots. If the number of hoses does not exceed three, they are made by the running end of the cable inside the loop (Fig. a), and if it is more, then the hoses are made around the root of the cable and the running end is passed inside (Fig. b).

This knot, like no other, spoils the cable, as it bends it strongly. If, for example, a new vegetable (hemp, manila, or some other) cable is used to lift a weight, on which an unloosened simple knot remains, then the cable, although designed for lifting this load, will break, moreover, in the place where the simple knot is tied. node. It is generally accepted among sailors that the strength of a new vegetable cable, on which a simple knot was tightened with strong traction, which was then untied, will be less than two times than the strength of the same cable, on which there was no knot.

figure eight knot

figure eight knot- This knot is considered a classic. It forms the basis of one and a half dozen other, more complex nodes for various purposes. In the form in which it is shown here, this knot in maritime affairs serves as an excellent stopper at the end of the cable so that the latter does not splash out of the block pulley. Unlike a simple knot, even with strong traction, it does not spoil the cable and can always be easily untied. To tie the figure eight, it is necessary to encircle the running end of the cable around the main one and then pass it into the loop formed, but not immediately, as in a simple knot, but first winding it for yourself.

In everyday life, the figure eight is widely used. First of all, it is very useful for securing the cable when it passes through a hole in an object, such as the wooden handle of an outboard motor rope starter.

This knot can be applied to the rope handles of a wooden pail or bucket if the rope passes through the two holes on the protruding ends of the wooden staves. In this case, after threading the rope through both holes, at its ends, on the outer sides, the rivets are tied in a figure-eight. With two figure eights, you can securely attach the rope to the children's sled. To prevent the hand from slipping off the end of the dog leash, we advise you to tie a figure eight. In addition, it serves well for attaching strings to the tuning pegs of violins, guitars, mandolins, balalaikas and other musical instruments.

Multiple eight

Multiple eight- Imagine that you need to tie a rope around a large cardboard box, bale or old suitcase. Having done this, you found that one and a half meters of rope remained unused. By tying the running end of the rope around the part for which you have to carry this load, with a multiple eight you will not only shorten the rope, but also make a convenient handle for this burden. The "multiple eight" knot can be used in all cases when it becomes necessary to temporarily shorten the cable or exclude an unreliable part of its length from work if there is a fear that it will break. The multiple figure eight is a good handle for both a dog leash and a children's sled rope.

To make the knot even and tight, as you tie it, pull each hose, moving it to the previous one. If you later need to use the entire length of the rope, the multiple eight is easy to untie. No matter how tightly it is tightened, this knot does not spoil the rope.

blind knot

blind knot- If a non-tightening loop is made at the end of the leash; the easiest and most reliable way to attach a fishing hook to it is to thread its end into the eye of the hook and throw it over the hook, forming a blind loop. This method is good for cotton lines and thin polyamide resins.

It can also be used if the loop is made of soft wire. In this way it is convenient to tie sinkers to the fishing line.

bayonet knot

bayonet knot- is one of the most simple ways tying a fishing hook to a fishing line is considered to be the use of two half-bayonets made on the forearm of the hook.

It should not be used on synthetic fishing line, as it slides with strong traction.

Canadian eight

Canadian eight- the eight, well known to all fishermen, reliably serves for tying a hook.

The so-called Canadian figure eight holds firmly on a synthetic fishing line.
If desired, this knot can be easily untied.
Fishing Eight

Fishing Eight- This is an even more secure way to attach line to an eye hook.

turtle knot

turtle knot- this knot is knitted very simply and is good for cotton lines.

Tied on a slippery synthetic fishing line - it can untie ...

Step knot

Step knot- Many anglers prefer to use eyeless hooks due to the fact that such hooks are usually forged and, in their opinion, more durable, but it is more difficult to attach line to such a hook than to one that has an eye.

The most reliable for this purpose is a stepped assembly.

It is somewhat reminiscent of a tightening noose.

shark knot

shark knot- When knitting this knot, before inserting the running end into the loop, you need to bring the hoses made around the root and running ends together and tighten them tightly.

This complex knot is designed exclusively for synthetic lines and is very durable.

Tuna knot

Tuna knot- It differs from other knots in that two loops wrap around the eye of the hook at the same time (as in a blind loop).

Although it is difficult to knit, it is considered the best of all fishing knots designed for synthetic line.

Lead based on a simple knot- The ability to quickly and reliably tie leashes to the fishing line is an important matter for every angler.

In everyday life, we often face the need to pack, fasten or tie something. Usually in such a situation, we pick up a twine and begin to enthusiastically invent inconceivable designs from knots, twists and weaves, which then are absolutely impossible to unravel. So let's learn how to tie a few more popular knots.

Arbor knot

This is one of the main knots that have been used to fasten the bowstring since ancient times. It is sometimes referred to as the king of knots for its simplicity and versatility. It is used to obtain a non-tightening (!) loop at the end of a straight rope, for attaching a rope to rings or eyelets, for tying ropes.

simple bayonet

The "Simple Bayonet" knot also allows you to tie a non-tightening loop, and it is used mainly in those places that require especially reliable fastening. For example, such knots have long been used in the navy for securing mooring lines to mooring fixtures, for attaching towing cables and heavy loads, and so on.

Toutline

If you need to tie something, but later be able to adjust the length of the rope, then a special knot will come to the rescue, allowing you to easily change the size of the loop. Especially often it is used by tourists for setting up tents and tensioning awnings.

Eight

This is the traditional knot used in all cases where you need to attach something to the rope. It is easy to knit, it can withstand heavy loads, and later such a knot can be quite simply untied to free the rope.

The "Eight" node has two options. The first is used in cases where you have one free end. It looks quite complicated, but once you figure out the sequence of actions, everything will turn out by itself.

The second option can be used when both ends of the rope are free. This knot is so simple that it can be tied with closed eyes, and at the same time it is completely reliable.

Driver's node

A truly legendary knot that has many different names and more practical applications. This node is used in construction work, during transportation, in tourism and other cases when you need to fasten something tightly and tightly.

For those readers who find it difficult to navigate through animated drawings, there is an additional instruction containing static photos of each step. You can find it at this link.

And what other knots do you consider practically useful and necessary for mastering?

June 1st, 2016

I remembered and re-read the topic about. But I don’t know how to tie sea knots at all, even the simplest ones.

However, the skill is useful and you never know exactly when it will come in handy. That's why I decided to start learning something. Where do we start?

Let's try with these as they say simple and useful options:

flat knot

It has long been considered one of the most reliable knots for tying cables of different thicknesses. Having eight weaves, the flat knot never tightens too much, does not creep and does not spoil the cable, since it does not have sharp bends, and the load on the cables is evenly distributed over the knot. After removing the load on the cable, this knot is easy to untie.

The name "flat knot" came into our maritime language from French. It was introduced for the first time in his "Dictionary of Marine Terms" by the famous French shipbuilder Daniel Lascalier in 1783. But the knot was, of course, known to sailors of all countries long before that. What it was called before, we do not know. It has long been considered one of the most reliable knots for tying cables of different thicknesses. They even tied anchor hemp ropes and mooring lines.
Having eight weaves, the flat knot never tightens too much, does not creep and does not spoil the cable, since it does not have sharp bends, and the load on the cables is evenly distributed over the knot. After removing the load on the cable, this knot is easy to untie.
The principle of a flat knot lies in its shape: it is really flat, and this makes it possible to choose the cables connected by it on the drums of capstans and windlasses, on the welps of which its shape does not interfere with the even overlap of subsequent hoses.

In marine practice, there are two options for knitting this knot: a loose knot with tacking of its free running ends to the root or half-bayonets at their ends and without such a tack when the knot is tightened. A flat knot tied in the first way (in this form it is called the “Josephine knot”) on two cables of different thicknesses almost does not change its shape even with very high traction and is easily untied when the load is removed. The second knitting method is used for tying thinner than anchor ropes and mooring lines, cables, with the same or almost the same thickness. At the same time, it is recommended to first tighten the tied flat knot with your hands so that it does not twist with a sharp pull. After that, when a load is given to the connected cable, the knot crawls and twists for some time, but, having stopped, it holds firmly. It is untied without much effort by shifting the loops covering the root ends.
As already mentioned, a flat knot has eight weaves of cables and it would seem that it can be tied in different ways - there are 256 different options for tying it. But practice shows that not every knot from this number, tied according to the principle of a flat knot (alternating intersection of the opposite ends “under and over”), will hold securely. Ninety percent of them are unreliable, and some are even dangerous for tying cables designed for strong traction. Its principle depends on changing the sequence of intersection of the connected cables in a flat knot, and it is enough to slightly change this sequence, as the knot gets other negative qualities.

In many textbooks and reference books on maritime practice published in our country and abroad, the flat knot is depicted in different ways and in most cases incorrectly. This happens both due to the negligence of the authors, and due to the fault of the graphs, which, redrawing the knot scheme from the author's sketches in one color, cannot always make out whether the end passes over or under the other end. Here is one of the best forms of a flat knot, tested and tested by practice. Other valid variants of this node are deliberately not given by the author so as not to scatter the reader's attention and not give him the opportunity to confuse the scheme of this node with any other. Before putting this knot into practice for any important business, you must first remember exactly its scheme and tie the cables exactly along it without any, even the most insignificant deviations. Only in this case, the flat knot will serve you faithfully and will not let you down.
This marine knot is indispensable for tying two cables (even steel ones, on which a significant effort will be applied, for example, when pulling a heavy truck stuck in mud on half a wheel with a tractor).

Eight

This classic knot forms the basis of a dozen other, more complex knots for various purposes. It can be used as a stopper at the end of the cable (unlike a simple knot, it does not damage the cable even with strong pull and can always be easily untied) or, for example, for rope handles of a wooden bucket or tub. You can even fasten the strings to the tuning pegs of violins, guitars and other musical instruments with a figure eight.

Portuguese bowline

It is used when you need to tie two loops at one end at once. For example, to lift a wounded person, his legs are threaded into loops, and with the root end (when knitting knots, they act as the so-called running ends of the cables, and those ends around which the running ends are wrapped are called root) around the chest under the armpits a half bayonet is knitted. In this case, the person will not fall out, even if he is unconscious.

Improved Dagger Knot

In foreign rigging practice, this knot is considered one of the best knots for tying two large diameter cables. It is not very complicated in its scheme and is quite compact when tightened.

It is most convenient to tie it if you first lay the running end of the cable in the form of a figure of the number 8 on top of the main one. After that, thread the elongated running end of the second cable into loops, pass it under the middle intersection of the figure-eight and bring it out over the second intersection of the first cable. Next, the running end of the second cable must be passed under the root end of the first cable and inserted into the figure-eight loop, as the arrow indicates. When the knot is tightened, the two running ends of both cables stick out in different directions. The dagger knot is easy to untie if one of the extreme loops is loosened.

Flemish loop

It is a strong and easily untied loop at the end of the cable, being tied in a figure eight on a cable folded in half. The Flemish loop is suitable for knitting on both thick and thin cables. It almost does not weaken the strength of the cable. In addition to maritime affairs, it can also be used for fastening the strings of musical instruments.

flemish knot

In fact, this is the same figure eight, but tied with two ends. The Flemish knot is one of the oldest marine knots used on ships to connect two cables, both thin and thick.

The Flemish knot is one of the oldest maritime knots, which has found its application both at sea and on land. Also, this type of knot has a second name - the oncoming figure eight. This knot originated in Europe about 800 years ago. This knot is quite strong and easy to untie and easily fastens thick cables and ropes, as well as thin ropes and threads.

We bend one end of the rope and make a loop, draw it under the main rope and make a second loop;
We thread the end of the rope into the first loop of the resulting figure eight;
Similar actions, only in mirror image, we carry out with the end of the second rope;
With proper knitting, you should get an interlaced figure eight;
We tighten the knot;
Flemish knot - ready!

Fishing bayonet

For five thousand years of the existence of shipping, people could not come up with a more reliable knot for tying an anchor rope to an anchor than a fishing bayonet. This knot, proven by centuries of experience in marine practice, can also be safely used in all cases when working with cables when they are subject to strong traction.
Read on Don "t Panic: http://dnpmag.com/2016/05/29/10-samyx-poleznyx-morskix-uzlov/

Stop knot

This kind maritime knot designed to increase the diameter of the cable to prevent it from slipping out of the block, as it does not slip and holds securely. To make the stop knot even larger (for example, when the diameter of the hole through which the cable passes is much larger than the diameter of the cable), you can tie a knot with three loops. It can also come in handy when you need to make a convenient handle at the end of the cable.

noose

It has long been one of the most indispensable units in the sailing fleet. Logs were tied with a noose in the water for towing, it was used to load objects cylindrical in shape, rails and telegraph poles were loaded. Moreover, this knot, proven by centuries of experience at sea, has long been used on the shore - not in vain on many foreign languages it is called "forest knot" or "log knot". The noose with half bayonets is a reliable and very strong knot, which is extremely tightened around the object being lifted.