It is almost impossible to imagine a hunter, traveler or even a gardener who does not use a rope in the course of his activities. Yes and in Everyday life often the skill of knitting various knots can come in handy. However, most often the skill of a person is limited to a very meager idea of ​​\u200b\u200bknitting methods.

Learning how to tie elementary sea knots is very simple, the main thing is to remember exactly the step-by-step diagram of each.

To properly tie a marine knot, first of all, you need to remember that the fixed end of the rope is called the root, and the movable end is called the running one. There are several simple examples of knitting that will come in handy both at home and during outdoor activities.

It is also called gazebo and belongs to the fundamental knots. It contains elements of several schemes, which gives it universal properties: the mount allows mooring, securing sailors, fixing the rope to the hook. Bowline is very reliable, it can be used with almost all ropes, regardless of material and thickness. The arbor is quickly tied and easily untied (but not spontaneously), it does not slip, and when used in marine conditions, it shows high reliability.

Knitting pattern for a sea knot for beginners:

1. Form a loop from top to bottom.
2. Pass through it the running end from the bottom up.
3. Spend the running behind the root and again skip into the loop.
4. When the running end is enclosed in the resulting small loop, the rope must be tightly tightened.

To untie the bowline, it is enough to slightly shift the loop in the direction from the running to the root end.

Knitting a marine knot figure eight

This is a typical modification, which got its name due to its characteristic shape. The figure eight is usually performed to form a stopper or stable attachment. The main plus is that it is easy to deal with, even if the rope gets wet.

How to knit a marine knot:

1. Circle the running end of the root, pull the first one from above so that you get a loop.
2. Pierce the resulting loop with the running end so that it can then be brought in for itself.
3. Tighten.

A beautiful knot is formed with rounded outlines of the figure eight.

Knitting pattern for a straight sea knot

One of the oldest modifications, in ancient Greece, the knot was called Hercules. With it, you can firmly connect two ropes that have approximately the same diameter. But the scheme cannot be called reliable: under heavy loads, the junction will stretch excessively, often it slides along the cable. It is not recommended for use in critical situations and when activities involving immersion in water are planned.

Classic technique:

1. Take 2 running ends of the cables, one should cover the second.
2. The other end forms an open loop.
3. It is necessary to stretch the rope into this loop so that the first end is also braided.
4. Tighten both ropes.

There is a subspecies direct node- reef, it is distinguished by the ability to quickly untie.

Half bayonet and bayonet

The half-bayonet is not tightened, to perform it, the object on which it is planned to fix the cable is wrapped with the running end, circled around the root and passed through the formed loop. Then both ends are fastened together. The unit is able to withstand a lot of weight, is reliable.

With the help of a bayonet, the mooring ends are fixed and towing is performed. It is based on 3 half-bayonets - this amount is enough for any purpose. It cannot be considered that 4 or 5 half-bayonets are stronger, the effect when used will be the same.

How to tie a sea knot with a fishing bayonet

This variation has ancient roots, it has survived to this day due to the fact that it allows you to fix the rope at anchor as tightly as possible, it is adapted for all types of manipulations in conditions of strong traction. Initially, you need to fix the cable on the object with the help of an additional hose, then you can begin to form half-bayonets. The first of them must capture the hose encircling the base.

If the ends of the rope are not visible, outwardly this knot cannot be distinguished from a straight one. It got its name due to the fact that this similarity was actively used on ships in order to identify the fact of theft of personal property of sailors, provisions. The connection is used mainly for domestic purposes, since when tensioned, the knot can spontaneously untie.

Procedure:

1. The running end of the first rope is folded into a loop.
2. The second cable is threaded into this loop in such a way as to capture the root and running ends, and lead out in the opposite direction.
3. Tighten both double ends.

Indicative cords are often attached in this way.

How to tie a woman's and mother-in-law's sea knot: a simple diagram

The variations are extremely similar: these are two erroneous ways of forming a thieves knot. The names “baby” and “mother-in-law” are based on the specifics of everyday use - they are widely used to connect ropes, but they do not take into account the unreliability and even some danger of sliding fastening.

Knitting a sea knot is not difficult: two running ends pass through each other in different directions and duplicate this action in a mirror image.

Professional sailors and adherents of an active lifestyle show a woman's knot only in educational purposes, as its use in the field is fraught with injury and property damage.

To perform the mother-in-law knot, you should:

1. Form an incomplete loop from the running end of one rope.
2. Draw the second end into the loop from top to bottom, go around the first rope and bring it out.

Even if tightened tightly, there is a high probability that with further tension the ligament will open.

Types and methods of performing a noose knot

The noose knot can be performed in straight, flat, fishing variations. In the first case, a strong bond is formed, which increases the strength when wet.

Knitting pattern:

1. Form an open loop on the rope: give it the shape of the letter "s" and proceed to the formation of turns, located as close as possible in relation to each other.
2. Thread the running end into the lower eye left after winding the rope.
3. Tighten.

The carabiner has narrow scope use - it is popular with professional climbers. Here, the running end is fixed on the carabiner with an 8-shaped connection, the remaining part of the rope, if necessary, can be passed through the carabiner with coverage of the support, say, a tree.

The noose on the support is knitted as follows: the rope covers the support, enters the loop and wraps around it 3 times, then passes into the small loop. Even if the rope is wet, a stable connection is formed that can be used without support.

All marine knots, despite the characteristic name of the category, are widely used in everyday life. Thieves, mother-in-law and women - a quick opportunity to pull the neck of the bag, a noose with a skillful approach helps in working with loads and sports. All variations of bayonets allow you to quickly fix the rope on a stationary support. It must be remembered that the strength of the connection depends not only on the skill of tying, but also on the strength of the rope.

Tying knots on a rope for practical use in various professional purposes and in everyday life is one of the most ancient inventions of mankind. Binding, tightening, locking, quick-release, non-tightening and many others sea ​​knots, invented by man millennia ago and faithfully serving us today, are truly brilliant in their reliability and simplicity.

Straight knot, well known in Ancient Egypt, was widely distributed in the everyday life of the ancient Greeks and Romans. His image is often found on fragments of vases and jugs in the form of their handles. It adorned the wand of the ancient Roman god Mercury, the patron of trade, and was called Nodus Hercules, the Herculean knot, since this ancient hero wore the skin of a slain lion, whose front paws he tied on his chest with this knot. Ancient Roman women tied the belts of their tunics with Herculean knots.

Sailors turned out to be the inventors of the most ingenious and reliable knots. After all, it was they, and not the permanent inhabitants of the land, who had to deal with ropes much more often.

A sailing ship that appeared more than six thousand years ago was unthinkable without ropes that fastened the masts, supported the yards and sails ... And if we recall the construction of a large sailing ship of the beginning of our century, for example, the four-masted barque Kruzenshtern, then this is tens of thousands of meters of all kinds of gear, hundreds of blocks, hoists, etc.

The rigging of a ship with any sailing equipment was always based on sea knots, and the sail control mechanics were built on cables and blocks. Each member of the crew of a sailing vessel was required to have an impeccable knowledge of rigging: the ability to splice ends, make splashes, fires, benzels, knobs, musings, weave mats, sew and repair sails. Each sailor had to be able to quickly and correctly knit dozens of all kinds of sea bonds, and often do this in the dark during a storm at many meters high. The art of knitting sea knots by sailors was brought to perfection. After all, the safety of the ship under sail depended on it.

By the heyday of the sailing fleet, there were almost 500 marine knots in maritime business, not counting knobs, musings, various braids, etc.

How did the names of sea knots appear in our language?

Historically, many of them came to us from English and French as early as the middle of the 17th century. In the days of the sailing fleet, sailors used about a hundred different sea knots, which had specific names. The names of the maritime knots used in various countries are predominantly English, and many have two or three at the same time, and some have five or seven names, which introduces some confusion.

Many maritime knots got their name from the gear on which they were used, for example, clew, halyard, bleached, gints, or by the name of the objects to which they knitted - pile, tack, boat, barrel, top, etc. Some sea knots. , contain a national feature in their name, for example: Spanish (arbor), French (top), Flemish loop, Turkish knot, etc. However, there are few knots bearing the names of countries in maritime affairs, since all sea knots can be consider the invention international and very ancient. After all, even the best of all sea ties, the gazebo, known 5000 years ago in ancient Egypt, was invented by the Phoenicians.

With the advent of steamships, which in less than a century drove sailing ships off the sea, the need for sailors to know many bonds disappeared. The art of tying knots disappeared along with sailboats. And if even in the middle of the last century, the ability to knit sea knots, brought to perfection, was regarded only as a sailor's craft, then today it is a rarity, a thing of the past and almost forgotten art

To make it easier to navigate the complex interweaving of knots with their ends, open and closed loops, railings, hoses and bayonets, first of all, you should understand the interpretation of the basic concepts and terms used today in the fleet.

Elements of nautical knots

a - root end; b - running end: c - loop (open); g - peg (closed loop); in - half knot; e - run-out; w - hose.

ROOT END - the end of the cable (tackle), fixed motionless; or remaining motionless when knitting a knot, opposite to the running end.

RUNNING END - loose, free end of the cable that moves (walks) when knitting a knot; with its help choose tackle.

LOOP (open) - the running (or root) end of the cable, bent twice so that it does not intersect with itself.

PEG (closed loop) - a loop made by the running or root end of the cable so. that the rope crosses itself; kind of knot for shortening the cable.

HALF Knot - a single overlap of two different ends (main and running) of the same cable, or two ends of different cables.

OBNOS - a cable girth of any object (spar, fell, bollard, spire baller, etc.). made in such a way that both ends of it do not cross.

HOSE - a full (360 °) turn of the cable around an object (spar, other cable, eye, bracket, hook, winch drum, capstan stock, etc.), made like this. that after that the running end is directed in the opposite direction. A hose is also called a loop of a cable tucked into a bay or wound on a view.

HALF-BATTENER - the cable-carrying of an object, followed by the cable crossing its root end with a straight knot, without passing into the formed closed loop.

The art of tying sea knots is actually useful not only for those who regularly sail on ships. It will be useful for any tourist to have a couple of such tricks in their arsenal, but at least for a more durable installation of a camping tent and fitting a rain tent to it. And how interesting this process is in itself! For those who wish to learn how to tie sea knots, schemes and methods are given in this article.

in our life

Knitting knots is one of the first things mankind learned in the course of its evolution. They fastened tools, made the first snares and traps for hunting, as well as locks.

The very first ropes were strips of tree bark, vines, animal skins. They fastened the first clothes and the first bed. Gradually, people mastered weaving and were already able to make ropes on their own, making them stronger and longer. Yes, and it was thanks to them that for the first time its main symbol, the flag, rose above the state.

The rope is a faithful companion of a person in travel, both sea and air. It is difficult to imagine using a rope without knitting knots. These words have long been associated with each other. It was the sailors who were the first to start knitting sea knots, the patterns of which can be found in textbooks on rigging.

Marine knots: history and knitting pattern

They are an integral part of human culture, it is difficult to imagine our world without them. New nodes continue to be invented today, and each of them receives authorship, like an invention, and a patent.

Their genius lies in their simplicity. They can be locking, quick-release, tightening and non-tightening. This art has been passed down from generation to generation. Thanks to the ropes, the first devices for swimming on water appeared - rafts. The knot also has a mystical meaning - it is not just a way of fastening, but a talisman that protects its owner from trouble.

The sailors of Northern Europe had a belief about three magic knots - correctly tied to ship gear, they kept them from crashing. There was even a ritual for untying, which was supposed to cause the wind.

In the heyday of navigation, there were about 500 knots. Their names are derived from the gear to which they were applied - for example, pile or boat. Nowadays knots are also identified with the country where it was invented - Spanish gazebo knot or Flemish loop.

The working ends of the cable, with which knitting is carried out, are called running. They circle around the indigenous ones, which remain motionless. These ends are opposite to each other.

To this day, you can find peoples who have not been touched by the blessings of civilization, and they still make weapons and snares for hunting and fishing using knots.

Rope knots: their types and methods of knitting

You will need a rope that is not very thick and soft enough. Just like in knitting, training is needed here. From the first time you will remember little, so each new node must be worked out several times. And of course, they need to be used in everyday life, otherwise they will quickly be erased from memory.

Yes, each of them has its own name. But do not focus too much on them, it is better to memorize the sequence of combinations. There are not many established names, and more often they depend on the source.

The simplest knot is knitted like this: a loop is made at one end of the rope, into which the running end is threaded. Everything. Its disadvantage is a decrease in the strength of the rope. An experienced angler or navigator always trims randomly tied simple knots or replaces them.

You can start working on knitting skills with the "eight". It does not reduce strength and is easily untied. Practical value- limit rope movements. The figure eight is an element of other more complex knots.

If you need to join two ropes, tie a straight (or reef) knot. To increase reliability and strength at the running ends, you need to make figure eights. When knitting, two ropes are crossed twice in succession. One of the free ends is folded in half, forming a bow. If the number of running revolutions is made more, it will turn out which is knitted on stretched cables.

Extra yarns and turns can not only ruin everything, but also make a completely different knot out of one. Therefore, when knitting, carefully follow the directions of the coil.

Classification

Direct or reef is included in the 24 main sea knots. Why are they called that? It is believed that they are the most common in navigation, and it was with them that everything began. In this classification, straight and reef knots are two knots, although the principle of their knitting is absolutely the same. Figure eight and surgical (or double straight) are also included here.

In cases where it is necessary to tie the ends of two ropes, a flat knot or bayonet is knitted. His distinguishing feature is symmetry. Knitting technology: one of the ends is folded in a loop, the other end is wrapped around in the same way, the ends stretched through are pulled together. They must be intertwined one through the other.

One of the most used in rigging is the pile knot. The running end is inserted into the loop with the same loop. Tighten it around an object, otherwise it will not tighten.

Separately, such knots of the "bayonet" type are distinguished. This is a straight line, with two hoses, with a run-out and a fishing one. The first is used for high-quality mooring. The technology of its knitting has already been described above. Here everything is the same, only the rope first wraps around the mooring fell. To reduce cable wear, a bayonet with two hoses was invented. At the same time, the rope wraps around the fell twice. The bayonet with a run-out has an additional loop. This is done for even greater reliability. Rybatsky differs from a knot with two hoses in that an additional loop is knitted, and not just thrown over. It is used for anchoring.

To tightly tie the cable on something, another rope or rope, they knit the running end, which is carried around the object, carried over the root. The second hose is knitted in the opposite direction.

There are also knots called retractable bayonet, buoy knot, double arbor and simple arbor, noose, top, double eight, locking, towing and boat. There is one called It does not tighten at all and is used to secure the lines. Outwardly, it looks like an intricate weave.

The most famous

The main quality of marine knots is reliability, as well as simplicity and the ability to do it with just one hand. Simplicity seems out of place here, but in fact, intricate sea knots are knitted really quickly and easily thanks to a well-tuned technology.

The 15 popular maritime knots include the familiar figure-of-eight, straight and flat, twin-hose bayonet, fishing bayonet, stop and reef knots, as well as the garrote, tightening garrote, Portuguese bowline, improved dagger knot, Flemish noose and Flemish knot.

Why are they included in this classification? They are widely used not only in maritime affairs, now they are indispensable, for example, for climbers. Imagine that you urgently need to throw a lasso with a reliable knot on a rock or quickly wrap a rope around your waist with one hand so that you are pulled out of a place that is difficult for other people to reach.

Enough theory

Now you know what exactly sea knots are. Drawings, knitting patterns for some of them, namely those that can be applied in everyday life, are listed below.

For training, use a regular clothesline and a chair. First, just do the simplest ones. To do this, you need to throw the rope over the crossbar and pass one end through the resulting loop.

And here is how the Flemish knot is knitted, one of the simplest and most popular. It will come in handy for you to securely fasten two ropes together.

At the end of one rope, make a loose figure eight, and now take the running end and carry it, as if imposing, over the root. Now you need to stretch it through the leftmost ring. If you are interested in how other sea knots fit, you can find two more schemes in this article.

We knit a double gazebo knot

This skill can be very useful to you in life, because it is used to create a reliable foothold, in the construction of hanging arbors or scaffolds, and it is also useful for creating an emergency lifting mechanism. The picture shows, the circuit is painted below.

Make an open loop in the middle of the rope. Now you need to fold it closed and thread the end of the first through it. Circle the elongated loop around the entire knot to the very root ends. Tighten.

Let's try to tie a Portuguese bowline

If suddenly a difficult situation occurs in your life when you have to lift a wounded person, this knot can be very useful. Its purpose is to create two loops in which you can just put your feet. The root end is then knitted with a half bayonet under the armpits, so that the fastening is as reliable as possible for an unconscious person.

Make two circular turns on both sides.

Pass the running ends around them. Make a simple knot and pull it to the side. Remember that it does not tighten much. Drag the center coil through the body of the knot.

So you learned how to knit some sea knots. Schemes and drawings of all cannot be reflected within the framework of one article, therefore, those who are very interested are advised to study specialized reviews or textbooks.

Marine knots are actively used not only in navigation, but also in many other areas of activity. For example, the best sea knots are used by builders, fishermen, tourists and many other people. At the same time, some do not suspect the name of this or that marine knot, but they know perfectly well how to knit it. We have prepared for you the best and most reliable marine knots, as well as tell you about their purpose and methods of application.

Simple sea knot

Called straight, this knot is the most elementary, so we recommend starting to learn how to knit sea knots from it. This knot is used to securely connect the two ends of the rope. Knit as follows:

• take the two ends of the ropes and braid the second with one of them;
• make a loop from the end of the second rope;
• thread the first rope into it;
• tighten by tightening both ends.

To increase the reliability of this knot, each of the ends can be tied to the rope with ordinary knots as insurance. Look at the diagram or video of how a straight knot is knitted, and you can easily repeat everything.

There is another variation - a double maritime knot. In this case, the end of one of the ropes must be circled around the end of the other twice, and then bent towards them and repeat the procedure. Next, the knot is tightened and the ends are fixed with ties.

Arbor or bowline

One of the most common nodes, consisting of several simpler ones. It is versatile and sailors use it for mooring, belaying sailors or tying a line to a hook. This basic marine knot is reliable, and it can be knitted with cables of any thickness and from different materials. It is knitted in an elementary way and, if necessary, is quickly untied. Knitted according to the following scheme:

• form a loop at the free end and pass the end through it;
• circle the running end of the root and again put it into the loop;
• after enclosing the running end in a small loop, tighten the bowline.

If necessary, the knot is easily untied - for this you need to move the loop from the running end towards the root.

figure eight knot

A classic nautical knot named after its shape. It is the basis for many more complex knots, and is also commonly used as a stopper or anchor knot. The main advantage is the ease of knitting and untying, even when the cable is wet. The figure eight is knitted elementarily:

• circle the root end with the running end and pull it out from above, forming a loop;
• we skip the free end into it, having previously made a coil around ourselves;
• tighten firmly.

water node

With its help, sailors connect ropes and cables of equal diameter, but in general this is a complicated version of a direct knot. The water unit provides good connection and does not untie under the influence of jerky loads. Note that a properly tied water knot does not relax, especially when the cable gets wet.

How this sea knot is tied is clear from the pictures, but in general the scheme is as follows:

• running ends are placed in parallel;
• they form a loop into which the running ends are threaded in three turns;
• make sure that the ropes run parallel to each other;
• pull all 4 ends of the ropes at once to tighten the water knot.

Multiple eight

This knot is used when you need to create a thickening on the rope. It withstands high loads, but it is used infrequently in navigation. The load is evenly distributed due to the large number of turns of the rope, so it is not damaged. A knot is knitted on cables and ropes of a relatively small diameter:

• a small indent is made from the running end and a loop is formed;
• with this end we make a turn around the main rope and thread it into the loop;
• with the free end, it is necessary to make two turns around the loop and again bring it inside;
• pull the formed loops to the middle and tighten.

half bayonet

Another common and simple non-tightening knot is a simple half bayonet. It is knitted in stages according to the following simple pattern:

• circle the running end around a pipe or other object;
• make a turn around the root end;
• run into a loop and tighten.

To better understand how to knit a simple half-bayonet, look at the diagram in the pictures.

anchor knot

It is also called a fishing bayonet. This is one of the oldest and most reliable marine knots used for tying anchors and other tasks involving high loads. This strong knot is easy to tie:

• thread the end of the rope through the hole or crane hook;
• bring the end behind the main cable and thread it through both formed loops;
• bring the end behind the main rope again and thread it through the loop;
• tighten the knot, and for reliability, fasten the end of the rope to its base with a tie.

Slipknot

We have reviewed different variants, and finally left another beautiful marine knot called a sliding loop. It is knitted according to the following pattern:

• at the running end, a regular knot is formed, but not tightened;
• the free end is passed through the formed turns;
• the knot is pulled up, but the bottom of the loop is held.

Watch the video on how to make a slip loop and you will quickly learn how to knit it from any rope and even fishing line.

We looked at how to knit basic sea knots in pictures, and you can practice on a small piece of rope. We also suggest watching a video on how to tie the main sea knots.