What equipment is needed to repair digital cameras. Repair of digital cameras

We often receive letters to our email address asking whether it matters which output of the flash lamp to solder to the plus, and which to the minus.

Answer: yes it has.

In order to give a complete (exhaustive) answer, below is a diagram with a photograph of a flash lamp. As you can see in the photo, the lamp electrodes have a different configuration. If you connect the lamp according to the diagram, provided that you install a working lamp, there are no other malfunctions in the camera - you are guaranteed a "FLASH" of the flash after the repair is completed.

When repairing a flashlight, follow the rules for repairing digital equipment and safety precautions !!!

Otherwise, you risk losing the device forever.

Olympus FE240 camera lens failure

Manifestation of a malfunction: after turning off the power of the camera, the lens is not set to its original position (in other words, it is not removed), the pictures are not focused, while the camera does not give any errors and does not turn off.

During the diagnostics, no mechanical damage to the lens parts was found. When a voltage of 2-3 volts is supplied from an external regulated power source to the outputs of the EDG ZOOM drive, the lens clearly works out from the minimum to the maximum position. If you set the mechanism to its initial position in this way, and (after assembly, of course) turn on the power, the camera works absolutely fine. Both focusing and zooming work, the pictures are clear.

After turning off the power of the camera, the picture repeats - the lens is not set to its original position, the image is not focused.

When carrying out further diagnostic work, using an oscilloscope, we checked the power and signal levels from the optical sensor of the initial position of the lens. No deviations were found.

The failure of the lens was discovered only after its complete disassembly.

The reason is ridiculously simple...

On the inner barrel of the lens, at the level of the “window” of the optical sensor, a cosmetic sheen was found stuck. When the camera is turned off, the lens returns to its original position and, when the light reaches the surface of the optocoupler, a false alarm occurs. The camera's processor, receiving a signal from the optical sensor, understood this as "the lens mechanism has reached its initial position" and, with a sense of accomplishment, turned off the power of the camera.

Rekam Presto SL70 camera repair with the stated malfunction "batteries are quickly discharged."

During the diagnostics of the camera, it was found - an increased temperature (heating) in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe battery compartment cover.

The decorative part of the case has a metal coating.

The reason for the malfunction is in the spring that came off the battery compartment cover, which, when the cover was closed, provided reliable contact with the ground (minus power) of the camera's electronic circuit. In fact (see the diagram in Figure 2), one of the batteries shorts out when the lid is closed.

Conclusion: camera repair comes down to correct installation camera battery cover springs.


As a first approximation, any digital camera consists of the following main parts and assemblies: Lens and diaphragm, a set of optical converters and mirrors and a digital matrix, a control and data storage unit.

The principle of operation of the camera is well understood from block diagram in the picture below:


If you look at the figure above, it is clearly visible that first the light flux enters the lens, then it follows through the diaphragm and shutter, which dose the amount of light falling on the photosensitive elements of the matrix. Each pixel of the matrix transmits information about the intensity of the light flux and the light spectrum. This information is then sent to an analog-to-digital converter. From the output of the ADC, the digital code through the processing unit is displayed on a digital display or stored in internal or external memory.

The device and principle of operation of a SLR camera can be viewed here:

Service manuals for digital cameras Casio EX-P600 EX-S1/M1, EX-S2/M2, EX-S3, QV-3EX, EX-S770, EX-S770D, QV-100B, QV-100C, QV-4000 and other models

BBK digital photography equipment in the collection with manuals you will find information on disassembly, a spare parts catalog for BBK DP710, DP810, DP830, DP850, DP1050, DP1250, etc.

Detailed service manual for digital camera LG LDC-A310.

Protection clause digital cameras during their operation, and LG GR-DV 4000 fault description with DC/DC converter

Repair of Olympus digital cameras associated with disassembling the camera or replacing the firmware, in order to avoid unnecessary damage, you must begin by familiarizing yourself with the required service manual and the device of a specific camera model, which you can download from us.


General information when repairing a digital camera

To make a good repair of your digital camera, you first need to clearly understand the device of the camera. To begin with, it should be understood that any photographic equipment is primarily optics, and only then electronics.

Camera device short course young repairman: A diaphragm and a shutter are placed inside the lens. The membrane consists of several petals and, when closed, reduces the caliber of the hole through which the light goes to the matrix. Due to this, the amount of incident light is miniaturized and excessive illumination of the matrix is ​​​​prevented when the subject is clearly illuminated.

Close to the obturator. He, like the Membrane, is able to modify the amount of light that hit the matrix. Camera lenses sink into the case when turned off and exit when connected. That's why even a very small bump with the lens extended has the ability to ruin the camera. The lens must be protected from contact with any chemicals. The property of the image in the pictures, its sharpness, directly depends on the purity of the lens. Fingerprints can be wiped off with a clean cloth, and for heavy soiling, you will need a special liquid to clean the optics. If the indicator flashes continuously and clicks are heard in the lens, this means that the lens is jammed due to a malfunction of the gear teeth in the gearbox. Also, the bushings, the moving part of the shutter and diaphragm device are broken in the lenses. The shutter of digital cameras is usually open and the light passing through the microlens constantly passes to the matrix. A digital camera constantly acquires an image from the matrix and displays it on the camera monitor. And if the shutter of the digital camera is closed, we will not see the images on the monitor. But in some cases, after shooting a frame with a huge resolution, the digital camera shutter closes for the time required to transfer information from the matrix to the camera's memory. An infrared filter is placed behind the lens of the lens, which prevents the passage of infrared rays to the photosensitive matrix. The human eye does not perceive infrared rays in any way, which means that a digital camera is not obliged to display them in any way.

Next, a photosensitive matrix is ​​placed, the upper fraction of which is made of glass. The photosensitive plane of the matrix is ​​located in front of the protective glass. Structurally, it consists of a large number of photosensitive cells. Light falling on them produces a galvanic charge. After the shooting is completed, the resulting charges are transferred to the analog-to-digital converter. This is where digitization comes in. The digitized information is transmitted to RAM RAM. RAM stores information only when it is on. The picture is located in RAM for only microseconds. Here it is also digitally processed - color reproduction, sharpness, saturation and other image properties are improved. . The processed image is transferred to the memory card. Here, a digital photo can be stored for a long time.

The main problem that occurs with digital flash drives is due to contamination of the contacts. To eliminate this problem, it is enough just to rinse the contacts with, for example, benzene.

If the digital camera does not turn on, check the correct connection of the batteries and their charge level with at least a conventional tester. The current in the batteries must be at least 1 ampere, at lower values ​​the camera runs the risk of not even turning on

The main microcontroller controls the digital camera. Above the lens is a visual viewfinder. During zooming, the distance between the lenses of the lens changes. If there are no problems with the batteries and the camera still does not turn on, check whether power is supplied to the main microcontroller (processor) if everything is OK, you need to change it. Do not rush to open the camera without having disassembly instructions at hand, otherwise you risk damaging the fastening elements. A large number of service instructions you can download from http://www.site

The flash unit is located on a separate board with a huge capacitor and a transformer. There is an LCD monitor on the back of the camera.

Some common faults and how to fix them for digital cameras

Faulty optical sensor in the lens of a digital camera or camcorder: The optocoupler consists of 2 parts - a radiation source (IR LED) and a photodetector (for example, a photodiode, a phototransistor, a photothyristor). You can determine the part of the light emitter, as well as the anode and cathode of the LED, using a conventional tester. Accordingly, opposite the outputs of the light emitter - the outputs of the photodetector and, as a rule, opposite the output of the anode of the light emitter - the anode or collector of the photodetector, opposite the cathode of the light emitter - the cathode or emitter of the photodetector. Optocouplers in cameras are used in the zoom lens mechanism. When voltage is applied to the emitter and the light flow is open, the photodetector is open and the voltage on its anode or collector is zero, when the photodetector is closed, the voltage is equal to the power source. If it is not possible to check the optocoupler directly in the camera, the performance can be checked according to the following diagram.

Repair of lenses in digital cameras

The lens in a digital camera is a complex optical-mechanical device that combines elements of precision mechanics and optics. In cameras, it is most at risk of failure. Suffice it to say that about 70% of camera malfunctions are due to a lens defect, and in the vast majority of cases, the cause of malfunctions is a human factor, i.e. dropped, stepped on, spilled liquid, careless handling, foreign particles in the lens drive, such as sand, etc. In Canon ixus xxx cameras, if a lens malfunction occurs, after turning on the camera, after a while, the display is displayed, after which the device turns off.

I hope it is clear that getting even the smallest grain of sand between the teeth of the drive gear of the zoom lens mechanism will lead to its jamming, and a slight mechanical impact to damage to the teeth of the same gears or lens pins. when a malfunction occurs in the lens, when the mechanism drive cannot "drive in". elimination algorithm if all the parts are intact, carefully disassemble and clean, if necessary, replace the failed parts. Sometimes it's easier to replace the entire lens, because some parts are simply impossible to find

Typical problems arising in the CF connector

Firstly, these are broken connector contacts, and secondly, they can be bent, and because of this, the memory card cannot be read. The appearance of a malfunction occurs due to improper installation of the flash drive. Symptoms of manifestation can be very diverse, for example: a digital camera simply does not turn on, and most likely connector contacts shorted, which activates the camera protection. Due to closed contacts, complications can be more dangerous, for example, the voltage converter often crashes. Also, there were often cases when the camera without a memory card works well, but after its installation it does not turn on at all. The reason is also bent contact. The camera works, "but does not detect" the memory card. Most likely the reason is encrypted in a broken connector pin.

Camera flash repair

Attention, on the storage capacitor of the flash, the voltage is about 300 volts, with careless handling, you can not only get hit electric shock, but it is also easy to ruin the camera forever. Discharge the storage capacitor of the flash unit each time the power is connected. You can discharge the capacitor through a resistor with a resistance of 1-2 kOhm.

A digital camera without a flash is of little use, and in low light conditions it makes no sense to use it. Therefore, the repair of cameras with such a malfunction from users, as a rule, does not raise questions. As for the practical side of the issue: often the repair process is complicated not so much because of the lack of components, but because of the lack of service documentation. Unfortunately, at present, there is very little technical literature on the device of photo flashes, a description of the principles of operation of their electronic circuits, despite the fact that there is a huge interest in the device of photo flashes and, moreover, in their repair, not only among camera owners, but also , often from workers in camera repair shops, especially in the provinces. Let's look at the operation of the flash circuit diagram film camera Fig 1.

The flash blocking generator circuit is assembled on a Q303 transistor. At the moment of switching on, the transistor is open with a negative voltage coming through the resistor R305, the winding of the transformer T301, the open transistor Q304. As a result, a current flows through winding I of the transformer, which induces a pulse of positive polarity in winding II. It closes transistor Q303. The current in the winding I begins to decrease. The disappearing magnetic field induces a pulse of negative polarity in winding II, which again leads to the opening of the transistor.

The process is repeated continuously. Pulses of different polarity induce current in the winding III of the transformer and, being rectified by diode D302, charge capacitors C303 to a voltage of 250 - 280 volts, C302 through resistors R308 R306. When the shutter button is pressed, the flash sync contact fires. A positive voltage is applied to the control electrode of the thyristor SR301, opens it and closes the capacitor C302 to the case, causing it to discharge and a sharp decrease in current in the primary winding of the transformer T302. The disappearing magnetic field induces a high-voltage pulse in the secondary winding, causing a gas breakdown in the bulb of the XE301 flash lamp and, as a result, a bright short-term glow


Schematic diagram of the flash of a digital camera from Sony DSC - P52 All the same blocking generator circuit Q503, T501, rectifier diode D502, storage capacitor C508. The role of the key on the thyristor SR301 is performed by the field-effect transistor Q506, etc.

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The material may be useful for camera repair engineers, and is also recommended for familiarization with owners of Sony cameras.

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General rules for using and caring for a touch screen camera.

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Repair of a digital camera Kodak cx7300 step by step instructions.

If water gets into your camera, you need to disassemble it as soon as possible and wash the places where the water got into with alcohol.

We disassemble the camera in the following sequence:

3. Open the cover of the flash card compartment;

4. We take out the flash card;

5. Turn off the three bottom screws;

6. Unscrew the two screws in the flash card compartment. Note that they are longer than the bottom cogs;

7. We turn off two screws from the left side of the camera;

8. Slightly move apart both halves of the camera body at the bottom and ...

9. … separating them with a plastic card;

10. Remove the front half of the camera body;

11. We unscrew the lower screw securing the rear half of the case to the board;

12. Unscrew the top screw securing the rear half of the case to the board. I draw your attention to the fact that both screws are in recesses and therefore it is difficult to see them;

13. We pry off the protrusion of the rear half of the case with a screwdriver and ...

14. We remove it;

15. Unscrew the screw securing the start button board;

16. We remove the fee. It is connected to the large board with a plug that can be easily disconnected.

After I disassembled the camera, I found that some tracks were eaten away by sea water on this small board (the camera fell into the sea, so it became necessary to disassemble it). Very carefully, with the help of a soldering iron and thin wire, I managed to restore these tracks. This is how this board took on (the soldering points are visible);

Due to the fact that the detail is small, and there was no camera to shoot it, a familiar computer scientist helped me to remove it. That's why she's so pale. My camera (and I used a video recorder in photo mode) turned out like this (top view);

17. Remove the cover of the power compartment. It goes towards the display;

18. Unscrew the two screws securing the diagnostic block;

19. Remove the block. It is connected to both boards with plugs, which are disconnected with some effort;

20. Carefully solder two wires (red and black) from the display. I used a regular 25 W soldering iron and an alcohol solution of rosin (as a flux). Before soldering, wires must be marked so that they cannot be confused later;

21. Turn off the display mounting screw;

22. Raise the display (it enters the board with pins) and move it to the left. Under it is a cable with which it connects to the board;

23. Raise the bar and..

24. Disconnect the cable;

25. Remove the display;

26. Unscrew the three screws securing the viewfinder;

27. Remove the viewfinder. To do this, it needs to be slightly tilted and raised;

28. Unsolder the two wires (red and black) going to the descent delay warning light. These postings also need to be labeled first. They, like the display wiring, can not be soldered, but you need to constantly monitor the disconnected parts. And this is inconvenient and, besides, they can be damaged.

29. Remove the board with the lens. The wires that go from the lens to the board can not be soldered;

30. Remove the protective film on the flash lamp;

31. Solder two wires going to the flash lamp;

32. Unsolder the third output of the flash lamp from the transformer;

33. Lifting the bottom edge of the board, ...

... squeezing contacts and ...

... drowning the capacitor, ...

... we separate the board from the case;

34. The camera is disassembled.

Assembly is carried out in reverse order.

Our service center professionally repairs digital cameras (camcorders) under the manufacturer's warranty: CASIO, and also provides services on a paid basis for products from the following manufacturers: Canon, Casio, Fujifilm, HP, Leica, Nikon, Olympus, Panasonic, Samsung, Sigma, Sony, Kodak, Pentax and others, and with qualified service we guarantee not only reasonable prices and short deadlines, but also high-quality service.

Our service center employs only highly qualified service engineers who can accurately and carefully deal with breakdowns of your camera and perform fast and high-quality repairs.

Repair of such complex equipment as a digital camera should be carried out by an experienced specialist who detects a malfunction of the product after carrying out complex diagnostic work. At the same time, the Client receives all the necessary information to make a decision on the advisability of repairing his camera or camcorder. Free diagnostics is made without printed detailing. After the diagnostic work, if necessary, the replacement of failed parts is carried out. Our Service Center has the necessary components that require replacement.

List of works performed:

  • Lens repair cameras of any complexity, including SLR cameras;
  • Standard repair, elimination of non-critical defects without installing new spare parts;
  • Complicated repair. This procedure includes complex diagnostics with the replacement of various components, electronic elements, optics and mechanisms; Replacement of components - microphone, optical parts, cables, connectors, LCD displays, speakers, electronic boards and control buttons;
  • Technical restoration after ingress of water, dust, sand, including the overhaul of the lens mechanism;
  • Preventive actions– testing, cleaning, lubrication, setting options;
  • Electronics repair at the component level;
  • Replacement software .

Digital Camera Problems

The main causes of repair and malfunction of digital cameras.

Camera repair becomes necessary after improper or careless handling of a high-tech device. High-quality repair is possible only if the exact cause of the malfunction is identified and its further elimination using professional equipment. In general, there are a number of main reasons for the repair and breakdown of digital cameras, which are typical for any brands and models of this type of electronics. Consider the main reasons for the repair.

Physical impact is the main reason for repairing cameras.

Due to the portable nature of the device and the high degree of mobility, the likelihood of mechanical damage to the device increases, and this in turn leads to the need for professional repair. Mechanical damage as a result of physical impact is the main reason for the repair of most digital cameras. The most common repair in this regard is a fall. Hitting a hard surface can severely damage the internal components of a digital camera, as well as cause significant damage. appearance. Scratches and cracks on the case are not as terrible as malfunctions in the operation of Zoom or the display - without them, the camera will not be able to work normally. You will certainly understand if your LCD screen is broken as a result of an impact or a fall. The situation is more difficult with the definition of a breakdown of the motherboard or matrix of the camera. These elements are located inside the camera body, and only a specialist can accurately diagnose their malfunction and repair it. In any of the above cases, repairs are possible, in some of them, with the replacement of damaged elements.

Water ingress is a common cause of camera repairs.

water ingress

The second most popular reason for contacting service centers is the ingress of moisture into the case, which leads to serious internal damage to the electronic device and urgent camera repair is required. Even with the slightest contact of liquid with electronic elements digital camera process electrochemical corrosion and there is no need for repairs. The salt in the water is deposited on the internal elements of a digital camera, and this in turn leads to serious damage and the need for urgent repairs. If you have a suspicion that the camera might get wet or you see that nothing happens when you press the control buttons, then this definitely indicates the penetration of moisture or abundant condensation inside the camera, you should urgently seek professional help. In this case, it is unlikely that it will be possible to avoid serious repairs in a specialized service center. The only way you can help your camera is to quickly turn off the device, remove the battery and take the camera to us.

Sand ingress is a very common cause requiring camera repair.

This reason for the repair is also widespread, as the camera is usually widely used during the summer holidays, and these are beaches, nature and dusty roads. Even the smallest particles of dust or sand can render your digital camera inoperable and require repair. First of all, the camera lens suffers from this, the movement mechanism of which becomes clogged and stops working, if this happens, immediately contact a service center for qualified help. Thus getting sand in requires immediate repair. Do not try to use such a camera for shooting, clean it yourself and, even more so, try to repair it. Seek professional repair.

Overheating in the sun can also lead to the need for repair of a digital camera.

Violation of the thermal operating conditions can seriously affect the performance of your digital camera. The internal elements of the camera overheat, and even melt at very high temperatures, so repairs due to overheating cannot be avoided. So, as a result of careless handling of the camera (forgotten on the beach, left under direct sunlight), you get an absolutely non-working camera that requires serious repairs, professional equipment and a qualified specialist. Remember that from getting inside the camera moisture, dust or overheating, and as a result of the need for repair, you can save ordinary compliance with the instructions for use.

Lens damage

The main reason for contacting camera service centers for many years is damage to the camera lens. As a result of a drop, impact, moisture or dust, the lens of your digital camera stops working normally. This manifests itself, most often, in the incorrect operation of the zoom and poor focusing of the image. As a result, professional intervention by a specialist may be required, and in severe cases, its complete replacement. At times, it is enough to replace only individual components of the camera lens and not make expensive repairs to the entire camera. Urgent repair may also require failed gears of the lens responsible for its movement. This can happen as a result of breakage of gear teeth, which have increased brittleness. If the smallest grains of sand get between the teeth of the zoom lens drive gear, it can clog and fail. Not to mention the physical impact on the teeth of the mechanism and lens pins. Do not try to "help" the lens move, you will only harm and damage one of the fragile mechanisms that will later have to be repaired along with the camera. In this case, it is easy to break some other part of the camera and costly repairs cannot be avoided. Repairing a damaged zoom requires more skill than simply replacing it. Many services do not even try to repair damaged camera lenses, offering to replace them with new ones. Which ultimately results in "a pretty penny", and sometimes even becomes unprofitable.

Lens in a digital camera is a complex optical-mechanical device that requires proper care. It is the quality of the resulting image that depends on the operation of the lens - clarity, sharpness, lack of distortion, etc. Camera lens repair accounts for the majority of all calls to digital camera repair shops. The cause of damage, in most cases, is improper operation or careless attitude to the device. The camera has been dropped, spilled, stepped on, or left to play with a child, all of which will eventually lead to serious camera lens failure and require professional repair. Full diagnostics and repair of the camera lens is required.

Lens problems are typical for almost all manufacturers of this type of electronics, which is why it is important to carry your camera to a service center if such a breakdown occurs. Especially often with damage to the retractable lens mechanism, Canon and Nikon digital cameras come to us for repair. This is due to the most complex assembly (mechanics, electronics, optics) of cameras from these manufacturers.

Damage to the camera display.

Display damage

A frequent case of mechanical impact on a digital camera is damage to the camera display. Dropping or impacting the LCD may crack or shatter, which will undoubtedly require professional repair or replacement. Most at risk of damage to the display and repair of digital cameras that do not have a protective glass. A slight external influence (for example, light pressure) is enough for you to urgently resort to the help of qualified specialists. Repairing displays without a protective coating is a fairly common occurrence.

Here are some typical signs of malfunctioning digital camera displays: cracks or spreading of liquid crystals, displaying only part of the information on the display monitor or its complete absence. In any case, you need a quality repair, which is impossible without the use of high-precision equipment.

Camera flash repair.

Almost all modern cameras are equipped with a built-in flash that can illuminate the foreground. Flash malfunctions are among the most common problems with photographic equipment, while not causing much difficulty in the repair process, provided that it is carried out by a qualified technician at modern equipment and using the latest technologies. Only if all these conditions are met, you are guaranteed a high-quality repair of flash cameras of cameras of any modification.

Most flash units today come with additional features, including red-eye reduction. Professional and semi-professional cameras have a contact for connecting external flash, the so-called hot shoe, which also often needs to be repaired. Damage to this seemingly insignificant element can lead to a complete failure of the digital camera flash. Shoe failure is the most common flash problem. This can happen due to banal negligence or careless use.

To maintain the full operation of your digital camera, it is necessary to visit specialized service centers from time to time, where experienced specialists will carry out general maintenance work and check the flash lamps and the flash mounting mechanism, that is, the shoe.

Repair of camera interfaces.

In addition to the varieties described above, there are also frequent problems in the interfaces of this electronic device, which include the USB connector (Universal Serial Bus), audio outputs and video outputs of cameras. Damage to at least one of these elements, important for external access, can seriously spoil the mood at the most exciting moment. Camera interfaces can be damaged by inaccurate use of the device, regular bumps, drops, and frequent use of connectors, which contributes to the rapid wear of elements. Repair of the camera interface in this case consists in replacing a loose connector and does not present any particular difficulties with the necessary skills and abilities. Compliance with the manufacturer's recommendations for the care, storage and use of your camera will help prevent unforeseen breakdowns, save on repairs and extend the life of your camera. Care of the camera includes several elementary rules: respect for the device, protection from drops and shocks, and prevention of sand or moisture getting inside.

Control board repair

This problem is not among the most popular, it accounts for only a small percentage of the total number of all works, but, nevertheless, it has a place to be. This type of damage occurs when liquid is spilled onto the control panel or when it hits a hard surface. The consequences can be quite deplorable, because it is with the help of the board mechanisms that all the numerous functions of the software of any digital camera are controlled. The lack of response when pressing the camera control buttons or their inadequate operation most likely indicates a malfunction of the control board caused by moisture or heavy condensation inside the camera body. Some panel buttons may fail, or the camera does not turn on completely and does not respond to any actions of the owner, you must contact the service center. In this case, you simply need the help of a qualified specialist who, as a result of a complete diagnosis of the camera, will be able to accurately determine the cause of the malfunction and repair it. If it turns out that the problem is a malfunction of the control board, then the service center masters will repair the damage by component repair of this element, or replace it with a new one.

Malfunction of the power circuit or power connectors of the camera and its repair.

Most modern digital cameras are equipped with rechargeable batteries that allow you to use the device for a long time without additional power. Over time, they either wear out or become unusable as a result of the negligent attitude of the owner. As a result, the camera power system may require technical diagnostics. We carry out all types of work on the repair of cameras and the replacement of power connectors and other circuit components.

The reason for the repair of the camera is a broken microphone.

Modern digital cameras have all the features of a real camcorder, capable of producing continuous recording, in a volume that allows a memory card, and at the same time record sounds. In most cameras of different models, manufacturers and price category, today there is a built-in microphone, which, like other electronic and mechanical elements camera tends to break. And, instead of children's voices, when watching a recording of a New Year's party, you hear at best a hiss, and at worst - an oppressive silence. To prevent such a malfunction, it is enough to replace the defective element (repair the camera microphone), in our case it is the camera microphone, and enjoy the happy moments of life.