The sailors themselves characterize this ship not just as a powerful, maneuverable vessel, but as a "super-efficient and nimble frigate."

Ship history

The frigate "Admiral Essen" is one of the six "watchdogs", which, according to two contracts concluded by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation with the Yantar shipyard, should join and strengthen the Russian Navy by 2020.

Construction of the ship began in 2011. It was already launched in 2014. And in the summer of 2016, after passing the state. tests, the patrol frigate "Admiral Essen" took its place among the ships of the Russian Navy.

The name of the ship was given in honor of the great naval commander of the Russian Empire, the man who practically revived the Baltic Fleet after the Tsushima tragedy and later became its commander, Nikolai Ottovich von Essen.

"Admiral Essen" is a frigate, which is an analogue of three ships belonging to project 11356, built specifically for the Indian Navy, but at the same time having its own, modified armament required for the Russian fleet.

Purpose of the vessel

"Admiral Essen" is a frigate, which is a multi-purpose patrol ship designed to perform combat missions and conduct combat operations both as part of formations of ships and independently.

Thanks to the inherent capabilities, the frigate is capable of:

• search for enemy submarines with their subsequent destruction;
• as part of an escort, to carry out effective protection of ships not only from underwater and surface watercraft of the enemy, but also from air attack;
• provide fire support from the sea of ​​hostilities ongoing ground forces, as well as to ensure the delivery and landing of amphibious assault forces;
• to conduct sentinel service, patrolling, as well as the protection of sea lanes.

The frigate "Admiral Essen", the photo of which is presented to your attention above, has powerful technical characteristics.

Specifications

The dimensions of the frigate are (m) 124.8 x 15.2 x 4.2 (length, width, draft).

Displacement of the ship - 4035 tons.

Maximum running speed - 30 knots.

The maximum cruising range is 4850 nautical miles.

The duration of the autonomous trip is 30 days.

Crew - 170 people.

"Admiral Essen" - a frigate, which is equipped with a gas turbine power plant, consisting of four engines: 2 afterburners and 2 marchers, with a total capacity of 56,000 liters. with. The electrical supply of the ship is carried out by 4 diesel generators with a total capacity of 3200 kW.

The frigate of project 11356 "Admiral Essen", the photo of which you see above, was created using technology that provides high survivability of the vessel, including protection against chemical and nuclear weapons, in addition, the ship's acoustic visibility is reduced to the maximum.

Frigate armament

The main shock is "Caliber-NK" - a complex capable of hitting surface, underwater, as well as ground stationary and limitedly mobile targets with known location coordinates, and in conditions of active directional fire and electronic suppression. The complex includes 8 high-explosive penetrating missiles with a homing system.

For all-round protection against air attacks, including massive air and missile attacks, as well as strikes against enemy military targets on water and on land, the ship is equipped with the Shtil-1 air defense system.

In addition, the A-190 single-gun mount, 100 mm in caliber, is installed on the frigate, capable of delivering highly effective fire not only at sea and air, but also at coastal targets. The installation is equipped with a fire control system that provides automatic search and capture the target with its further accompaniment. The rate of fire of the gun is 80 rounds per minute with a firing range of up to 20 km.

To combat submarines, the ship is equipped with a pair of 533 mm torpedo tubes, as well as an RBU-6000 rocket launcher.

To protect against high-precision weapons, including anti-ship missiles, as well as to destroy small targets, an anti-aircraft missile artillery was installed on the frigate. complex "Kashtan", which combines anti-aircraft missiles with a control system and two machine guns with six barrels each, caliber 30 mm.

Also, the frigate's armament complex includes a helicopter from the Ka series (28 or 31), for which the ship has a helipad with a covered hangar.

In addition, the frigate is equipped with a system that includes decoy launchers and Udav anti-torpedo protection.

"Requirement-M"

"Admiral Essen" - a frigate that can successfully fight simultaneously against several targets at once. To collect and process combat information, the Requirement-M system was developed specifically for the frigates of project 11356, which is capable of independently setting tasks for all of its weapons. That is, based on the current situation, it determines the required number of missile launches and shots, while monitoring the state of the ship's combat assets and transmitting the necessary information to the ship's defense systems.

The developers of project 11356 did not forget about the daily life of the frigate crew, providing them with the highest possible level of life and comfort. By the way, this is the first combat ship of the Navy, in the galley (kitchen) of which a bread machine and a grill are installed.

The military, who also participated in the operation against the terrorists, were met in Sevastopol. The frigate Admiral Essen arrived there, using Caliber cruise missiles.

Waiting for Sevastopol, "Sharp-witted" and the flagship - the missile cruiser "Moskva". Accompanied by tugboats, the Admiral Essen, a frigate of the latest generation, takes its place in the parade formation of the ships of the Black Sea Fleet. Barely holding back tears, relatives try to make out familiar faces on the huge deck.

Over the long months of waiting, the crew's relatives seem to have become one big family. The most touching gift was prepared by mothers with children. “Here is the ship on which my dad serves. Very bored!” - says the girl.

Someone has not seen each other for seven months, and someone for two and a half years, since the launch of the frigate in Kaliningrad. They rarely talked on the phone. The fact that the crew will have a military campaign, relatives learned only from the news.

“I make dumplings, Channel One, news. And that’s it, I started crying, it’s my son who shoots somewhere, ”recalls the mother of a serviceman Svetlana Romanova.

“It’s just impossible to convey how worried it is for our dear men, not only for my husband, but for the entire crew. But they are nice guys, Russian sailors, real Black Sea people, we are looking forward to them on their native shore, ”says Oksana Kharlamova, wife of the serviceman.

The fact that today they will return home, the sailors told their mothers and wives at the last moment - a military secret.

On the way to Sevastopol - home port of registry - the frigate passed the baptism of fire. While in the Mediterranean, the Admiral Essen launched the Caliber cruise missiles. The launch was made from launch silos or hatches. The last one was just two weeks ago. Then these shots spread all over the world.

During a recent operation, six Calibers were fired from this ship. The missiles of domestic production in NATO were nicknamed "incinerators". Two admirals - the frigates "Essen" and "Grigorovich" - together with the submarine "Krasnodar" destroyed large warehouses of weapons and ammunition of terrorists in two provinces of Syria.

In addition, the Admiral Essen carries on board the modern Shtil air defense system, anti-submarine torpedoes, and is armed with the latest cannons, machine guns and grenade launchers.

“We were closely monitored, both submarines and ships tried to follow us, but we carried out the tasks that were assigned to us, and no one can interfere with us,” said Anton Kuprin, commander of the Admiral Essen frigate.

The Admiral Essen, which entered Sevastopol Bay for the first time, is greeted with an orchestra. According to naval tradition, the crew is given a loaf and a roasted pig. Solemn ceremony - on deck. There is a helipad here. With the tasks set, as the commander of the Black Sea Fleet noted, the crew coped perfectly.

Tasks and goals are defined. The Admiral Essen will not stay long in the home port. Soon the crew will again go to combat missions in the Mediterranean. And the third serial frigate of the Black Sea Fleet "Admiral Makarov" will be met in Sevastopol this year.

State tests of the second patrol ship of project 11356, built at the Kaliningrad Yantar shipbuilding plant, which is part of the United shipbuilding corporation started on January 30, 2016

This decision was made by the chairman of the state commission working on board the Admiral Essen frigate. At present, the plant's commissioning team and the ship's crew are preparing for the first sea voyage, which will take place this week. State tests will last about a month, they will be held at sea test sites Baltic Fleet. The transfer of the ship to the Russian Black Sea Fleet is scheduled for April 2016.

TFR "Admiral Essen" was laid down at the shipyard "Yantar" on July 8, 2011, launched on November 7, 2014, factory sea trials began on October 28, 2015. According to two contracts signed with the Ministry of Defense of Russia, the Yantar plant is building a series of six patrol ships of project 11356, developed by JSC "Northern Design Bureau".

The Russian fleet will do without Ukraine >>

On June 7, 2016, a new generation surface ship, the Project 11356 frigate Admiral Essen, will be accepted into the Navy. On this day, on a ship at the berth of Kaliningrad shipyard"Yantar" will host a solemn ceremony of raising the Naval Flag.

The frigate "Admiral Essen" is capable of effectively performing a wide range of tasks both singly and as part of heterogeneous groups of the Navy in the near and far sea zone. This year, after the delivery of all course tasks, the frigate "Admiral Essen" will make the transition to a permanent place of deployment on the Black Sea Fleet. The crew of the frigate was trained at the Joint training center Navy.

Modernization of the cruiser project "Orlan" >>

P.S. "Admiral Essen" (serial number 01358) is the second built at the PSZ "Yantar" for the Russian Navy, a frigate of a modified project 11356 under a contract dated October 28, 2010. The ship was laid down on July 8, 2011 and launched on November 7, 2014. The frigate entered the factory sea trials on November 5, 2015 and began the stage of State trials on January 30, 2016, completing them on April 19. The delivery of the Admiral Essen to the Russian Navy took place on June 7, 2016.

A photo of the newest patrol ship "Admiral Essen" of the modified project 11356 of the Russian Navy, which is being repaired in the floating dock PD-8 of the Yantar Baltic Shipbuilding Plant in Kaliningrad, has appeared.

In preparation for the transition to the Black Sea Fleet on October 10, 2016, the Admiral Essen in Baltiysk received damage to propellers and one propeller shaft as a result of an erroneous maneuver when placing on barrels. As a result, the passage to the Black Sea, scheduled for October 16, was canceled, and on November 7 the ship was taken by tugboats to the Yantar plant, where it was put into the PD-8 floating dock for repairs. According to preliminary data, the repair will last until the end of December.

The nuclear submarine "Prince Pozharsky" was laid down >>

During the incident on October 10, on board the Admiral Essen, as a senior, was the deputy commander of the 30th division of surface ships of the Black Sea Fleet, Captain 1st Rank Vitaly Zvyagintsev (a former officer of the Ukrainian Navy, who transferred to the Russian Navy during the Crimean events in the spring of 2014). Contrary to the proposal of the commander of the frigate, Captain 2nd Rank Sergei Tomashkov, due to adverse weather conditions, to wait for tugboats to put the ship on barrels, Captain 1st Rank Zvyagintsev was ordered to moor on barrels on his own by the crew. At the same time, the frigate commander did not surrender control of the ship to a senior in rank, as required by Article 102 of the Ship Charter, and both officers continued to command “jointly”. As a result of incorrect actions of the command in such conditions, the barrels were dragged under the propellers and the ship received damage to both propellers and one of the propeller shafts.

Captain 2nd rank Sergei Tomashkov, due to the circumstances of the accident, will be removed from the post of commander of the frigate, however, according to unconfirmed reports, he is still listed as commander of the ship.

The ships of the Northern Fleet went to the coast of Syria >>

On April 28, 2017, the press service of the Southern Military District confirmed that the second frigate of project 11356 "Admiral Essen", built for the Black Sea Fleet, began the inter-fleet transition from the Baltic Fleet to its permanent base in Sevastopol.

The frigate entered the transition to the Black Sea Fleet from Kronstadt on the evening of April 18, 2017. On April 27, the commander of the Netherlands Navy and Admiral of the Benelux, Lieutenant General of the Fleet Rob Verkerk, on his twitter page, said that the Admiral Essen was at the crossing in the North Sea and was accompanied by the landing helicopter dock L 800 Rotterdam of the Netherlands Navy near the Dutch coast.

Captain 2nd rank Anton Kuprin, who previously served as senior assistant commander of the Project 1164 missile cruiser Moskva of the Black Sea Fleet, was appointed the new commander of the Admiral Essen.

The frigate "Admiral Makarov" began state tests >>

The lead frigate of the Russian Navy of the modified project 11356 "Admiral Grigorovich" arrived from the Baltic to the Black Sea Fleet on June 9, 2016, becoming the first large surface warship to replenish the Black Sea Fleet since 1983. Since September 2016, it has been actively used for military service off the coast of Syria.

The third built frigate of project 11356 "Admiral Makarov" has been at the factory, and then State tests since July 2016. It is now assumed that the ship will be handed over to the Russian Navy in May 2017, after which it will also be transferred to the Black Sea Fleet by the end of the year. According to available information, the delay in the Admiral Makarov State tests is associated with the testing of a new 9M317MA anti-aircraft guided missile with an active radar homing head introduced into the composition.

At the Yantar shipyard in Kaliningrad, the frigate series 11356R/M was transferred to the Black Sea Fleet "Admiral Essen". Thus, he joined the ship of the same type "Admiral Grigorovich", with which he now forms, at least for the time being, a small, but already strike formation. And such, according to experts, is certainly necessary today in the Black Sea, where in recent times NATO's onslaught is growing before our eyes, whether at sea, on land, or in the electromagnetic field of anti-missile defense.

"The United States, the West are striving in every way for a more massive, permanent presence of NATO forces in the Black Sea,- noted in a conversation with + Tsargrad + an informed expert on naval issues, Admiral Ivan Vasiliev, Chief Military Adviser of the RF Ministry of Defense. - As the leadership of NATO frankly proclaims, "with special emphasis on maritime capabilities." In May, Erdogan said that the Black Sea is turning into a Russian lake, that Russia allegedly threatens the unity of NATO and the integrity of the alliance in this region. And the President of Romania says that it is necessary to create a flotilla under the auspices and leadership of NATO."

These are all elements of NATO's long-term strategy for complete dominance in the Black Sea basin, the admiral believes: "That's why they rushed to Sevastopol, that's why they are now spudding Odessa."

The Black Sea countries began to be actively drawn into NATO, although it was hardly possible to assume in the late 1990s and early 2000s that Russia could ever become a threat in the region even for Bulgaria or Romania, not to mention Turkey, whose the fleet was many times superior to the Russian Black Sea Fleet. Even in Soviet times, the nickname “chi fleet, chi not fleet” stuck to the latter, and in Russian they simply began to call it a home for orphans and the elderly. And even such remnants of former poverty were locked up in the inconvenient Tsemess Bay in Novorossiysk in the future (with the simultaneous stripping of the Russian budget for equipping the fleet base from scratch). And after all, Russia even agreed to this! In Novorossiysk, boundlessly costly work began to create a new base for the fleet, which, in the future, sooner or later would be withdrawn from Sevastopol.

The ceremony of handing over the frigate "Admiral Essen" to the Navy in Kaliningrad. Photo: Vitaly Nevar/TASS

Unfortunately for our "partners" from NATO, the political "roof" of this military bloc represented by the US politicians hastened too much. The "green whistle" for a coup d'état in Kyiv, for some reason, sounded early. Yes, and the coup itself was carried out roughly, with a splash of violence on the streets from the crowds in Nazi exaltation. Ukrainian politicians were also rude and frank, and therefore NATO's plans for a "clean weaning" of Sevastopol were voiced even with enthusiasm.

In general, this turned out to be a big problem for the West, as political analysts have pointed out more than once, - its stake on outwardly useful, but marginal "native" politicians. If Saakashvili had not launched a punitive expedition against South Ossetia in Georgia in 2008, if the “Svidomites” in Kyiv had not reached the Nazi coup that tore Ukraine apart, from a purely military point of view, the Black Sea would confidently turn into a “NATO lake” in the future, and the entire military Russia's maritime infrastructure in its basin was squeezed into the flimsy breakwaters of the Tsemess Bay.

"The active penetration of NATO into the Black Sea is one of the elements cold war, and very dangerous- Emphasizes Admiral Vasiliev. - For the sea, unlike land, where there are borders between countries, is a zone of direct contact with a potential enemy. Literally within sight. Therefore, the occurrence conflict situation becomes more probable, and most importantly - more dangerous, because it can immediately go into a "hot" phase.

It is from such a "phase transition" that small - 4035 tons of displacement - but mobile and "toothy" frigates from the "admiral" series should protect. With a crew of 180 people (plus 20 Marines), the Admiral Essen is armed with 8 Kalibr-NK anti-submarine or anti-ship missiles, 2 Kortik or Broadsword anti-aircraft missile and artillery modules for 6 thousand rounds and 64 missiles, anti-aircraft missile the Shtil-1 air defense system (another 36 missiles), 8 Igla-1 air defense systems, a 100 mm artillery mount, 48 anti-submarine missiles, torpedo launchers and a helicopter.

"Complex ship,- Admiral Vasiliev described this splendor. - He has decent punching power. One Caliber missile today is guaranteed to destroy any surface ship. Volley "Caliber" - guaranteed destruction of an aircraft carrier. Still - if the warhead is 220 kilograms of "sea mixture"! In addition, powerful air defense and powerful anti-submarine weapons."

At the same time, the military expert added, it is known that the Caliber missile is difficult to shoot down: not only does it capture a target at a distance of 60 kilometers, that is, without entering the anti-missile defense zone of an enemy ship, but it also has 15 maneuver correction points.

And in total, 6 units of such ships will be delivered to the Black Sea Fleet, representatives of the Navy note, - the entire "admiral" series. It would even be interesting to look at - conditional, of course! - a battle between the "Essen" and the American destroyer that had just passed through the straits "Porter"(Porter). He will take part in the exercises of the Black Sea NATO countries. It reaches 32 knots in speed - 2 more than our frigate, 90 Aegis missiles, easily replaced by Tomahawk cruise missiles, 74 Standard-2 anti-aircraft missiles, 2 Harpoon anti-ship missiles, anti-submarine weapons are also at the level. There is also a helicopter.

"No, these are dangerous ships,- Ivan Vasiliev, adviser to the Ministry of Defense, rejects "militant" fantasies. - And it’s not for nothing that they are being tested in the Black Sea, they are selecting the composition for creating a united NATO flotilla. He has decent punching power."

But the main danger, according to the expert, lies elsewhere. American and NATO strategists have not abandoned and are not abandoning their plans for total control over the Black Sea. After the return of Crimea to Russia, the most important diamond of the Black Sea naval global strategic "crown" left from under the predatory fingers of Washington.

"But the NATO countries are interested in now gaining a foothold in the Black Sea with the mediation and support of Ukraine,- Admiral Vasiliev is convinced. - And the entry of the American guided missile destroyer Porter is a very serious matter. The Americans are involved in the creation of maritime and coastal infrastructure in Ukraine."

And for this, it is enough for Ukraine, sailors say, to have even such light, "mosquito" vessels of 50 tons of displacement, like boats of the "Gyurza" type. They can only signify their supposedly national presence by making their ports and coasts available to NATO ships on a "bilateral basis".

The history of the construction of patrol ships in Russia has glorious and strong roots. Most of the ships that were in service with the Soviet Navy were ships of this particular class. The task of guarding the economic maritime zone of the USSR and defending coastal maritime lines fell on the shoulders of the guards. No less responsible functions and tasks are faced by ships of this class in our time. Project 11356 patrol ships remain by far the most modern and combat-ready ships that come off the stocks of domestic shipyards. Now it is no longer watchdogs, but frigates of project 11356 proudly carry the Andreevsky flag on the southern borders of Russia and make up a significant part of the navies of other countries.

The new frigates "Admiral Grigorovich" and "Admiral Essen" joined the ranks of the Black Sea Fleet, significantly strengthening the Black Sea Fleet with their appearance. At the final stage is the construction of four other ships of this type, which will also soon take their place in the combat formation of the Russian Black Sea Fleet.

The appearance of frigates in the domestic fleet

In the Soviet Union, unlike the fleets of other countries, patrol ships constituted the main tactical core of the fleets. This class of warships is a Soviet invention, despite the fact that ships with similar characteristics have long been classified as frigates in the West. With the collapse of the USSR, the classification of warships in the Russian Navy also changed. In accordance with the new Russian naval doctrine, all patrol ships, old and those built at domestic shipyards, were transferred to the frigate class.

For the Russian fleet, such a change is not new. By their own performance characteristics the guards fully corresponded to the combat missions that the frigate is capable of solving. Moreover, the construction of frigates under export contracts was in full swing at Russian shipyards. The Indian Navy became the main buyer of Russian ships of this class. Since 2000, 6 Talwar-class frigates have been built, which became part of the Indian Navy.

It was the Indian order that became the basic platform, thanks to which it was possible not only to keep the entire domestic shipbuilding industry in working condition, but also to gain experience in building ships of this class to equip domestic fleets. Russian designers have finalized the basic design of the Talwar-class frigates, creating an improved version of the warships of this project. The frigate "Admiral Grigorovich" of project 11356 was laid down on the stocks of the shipyard "Yantar" by the end of 2012. The lead ship of the project marked the beginning of a new series of domestic frigates of 6 units, designed to equip the Black Sea Fleet.

The ships of the project received the code "Petrel". AT Western countries new Russian frigates received the code "Krivak V".

History of Project 11356 frigates

Description of the history of the emergence of the project 11356, as always, is due to the fact that successful project could again be out of luck. Even in the Soviet Union, there was a fierce struggle between specialists and military experts who supported the construction of a new generation of watchdogs. According to military sailors, the new ships were to become universal combat units capable of solving a variety of combat missions. It was in this vein that the development project documentation. The concept of the implementation of two projects at once, project 22350 patrol boats and project 11356 ships, that existed at that time, turned out to be erroneous. The fleet could receive different types of ships, the maintenance of which could cause certain difficulties and economic difficulties in the future.

The modern naval doctrine of Russia was based on a policy of standardization, so it was decided to continue work on project 11356, which had already been mastered by the shipbuilding industry. Here it would be appropriate to recall that the new frigates were the result of a deep modernization of the Burevestnik-class patrol ships, which were built in a large series in previous years.

Soviet patrol boats of projects 1135 and 1135M turned out to be successful ships. It was the Petrels that became the workhorses on whose shoulders all the main work for the defense of the sea borders of our Motherland fell. A total of 28 ships of this class were built, of which 2 ships, the Inquisitive and Ladny TFRs, still remain part of the Black Sea Fleet. Russian designers took into account the combat experience and practical operation of the ships of projects 1135 and 1135M and the TFR of project 11351. As a result of painstaking work, a completely new ship appeared.

It should be noted that new project was successfully implemented during the implementation of the Indian contract. The six frigates for India built at the Baltic Shipyard and at the Yantar shipyard have successfully passed all stages of testing and continue to successfully serve in the Indian Navy. However, unlike the export version, Russian ships project 11356 will have to get a completely different filling. In other words, the design of the ship is the same, but the equipment and weapons systems on Russian frigates will be radically different from the Indian project.

The implementation of project 11356 is primarily aimed at building warships for the Black Sea Fleet, which is in dire need of replenishment with new combat units. The characteristics of the new frigates are fully consistent with the goals and objectives that ships in the Black Sea theater face.

Construction of project 11356 frigates

All the main work on the development of the project fell on the shoulders of SKB. Basic technical material became the export contract documentation 1135.6. The main task set before the designers was to create a project optimally adapted to the capacities of domestic shipbuilders. It was necessary to transfer new ships to the fleet as soon as possible, capable of increasing the defense capability of the southern borders. The lead ship of the Admiral Grigorovich series was laid down in 2010, when the fifth frigate for the Indian Navy was still being completed at the shipyards. Further, with a difference of one year, four more ships were laid down at the facilities of the Kaliningrad Yantar shipbuilding plant: Admiral Essen, Admiral Makarov, Admiral Butakov and Admiral Istomin, which were named after famous admirals of the Russian fleet.

The lead ship received a swift steel hull with an elongated forecastle. The bow of the ship and the contours of the underwater part of the hull have optimal hydrodynamic parameters that increase the seaworthiness of the ship and the stability of the ship. The superstructure on the frigate is divided into three separate blocks. characteristic feature The project is the presence on the ships of structural elements built using the Stealth technology. This was done to increase the secrecy of the ship and increase its security against anti-ship missiles and aircraft.

During construction, particular importance was attached to the power plant, which was supposed to provide ships with a long cruising range and high speed move. result design work and subsequent construction was the installation of a combined twin-shaft gas turbine plant type COGAG. The propulsion system consisted of two GTE propulsion gas turbine engines driving two fixed-pitch propellers. In addition, the ship was equipped with two forced engines, providing a rapid increase in speed. The total power of the ship's propulsion system was 56 thousand hp, thanks to which the frigate could reach speeds of up to 30 knots. The ship's power supply system was provided by four diesel generators with a total capacity of 3200 kW.

The ship's economic cruising range (14 knots) is 4,500 km. At the same time, the autonomy of the frigates of the new series has been increased to 30 days.

Unlike ships of previous projects, modern ships have new weapons and modern electronic filling. The frigates had not only a landing area for a helicopter, but were also equipped with an aircraft hangar. All ships were equipped with Ka-27 helicopters that acted as an air reconnaissance aircraft. The combat equipment and controls of the ship are designed to perform various combat missions, including counteracting enemy surface ships, repelling attacks from the air, and searching for and destroying submarines.

The first two ships of the series "Admirals Grigorovich and Essen" were laid down in accordance with the terms and conditions of the first batch of one large contract. The third ship of the first batch should be the frigate Admiral Makarov. The total cost of building frigates of six Project 11356 frigates is 80 billion rubles. Following the first batch of three vessels, construction began on the second batch, which included the frigates Admiral Butakov, Admiral Istomin and Admiral Kornilov. The last ship has so far only been presented as part of a working draft and is awaiting its laying.

All ships of the series were laid down, built and launched at the facilities of the Yantar plant. The ships of the first batch "Admiral Grigorovich" and "Admiral Essen" managed to get a complete set, and were put into operation in a timely manner. Some delays fell to the frigate "Admiral Makarov", which received the main gas turbine engine late. Subsequent frigates are waiting in line for the supply of propulsion systems. The cessation of deliveries of gas turbine engines from Ukraine slowed down the time for commissioning combat ships.

Armament of Russian frigates of project 11356

Relying on the versatility of the new ships, the High Naval Command set the designers the task of equipping the ship with the currently existing types of weapons.

The main armament of the frigates of the new project is the Kalibr anti-ship missile systems. Launchers have a vertical arrangement and can be used simultaneously for missiles of both types "Onyx" and Caliber. The launchers were created on the basis of the export version, the Club-N missile system. The strike missile system is designed to destroy surface ships and submarines of all types and classes, as well as to strike at tactical depths on coastal targets. On the frigates "Admiral Grigorovich", "Admiral Essen" and "Admiral Makarov" anti-ship missiles "Caliber-NK" are installed, capable of inflicting fire damage on sea targets at a distance of up to 400 km. The ZM-14 missile can be re-equipped for firing at land targets. The firing range for missiles of this modification is 2000-2500 km.

There are currently no analogues of the Club-N missile system among foreign anti-ship systems. All work on guidance and pre-launch preparation is carried out automatically.

Traditionally, ships have artillery weapons. The new artillery complex AU A-190 is represented by an automatic 100 mm gun capable of effectively firing at air, sea and land targets. The gun system has been successfully tested on frigates built for the Indian Navy. Effective fire can be fired from a gun at a distance of up to 20 km. The new gun mount has a lightweight design, which was specially designed to equip ships with a small displacement.

The anti-submarine armament of the ships consists of two twin torpedo tubes for launching torpedoes with a caliber of 533 mm. The launchers of the "Club-N" system can be used to launch the anti-submarine modification of the Caliber missiles. In addition to them, the frigates are equipped with RBU-6000 rocket launchers.

To repel an air attack, the new Russian ships are equipped with the Shtil-1 multi-channel air defense system. This weapon is capable of providing all-round defense of the ship against air attacks. As an auxiliary tool in the fight against low-flying targets, the ship is equipped with the Kashtan missile and artillery system. The system includes guided missiles and two AO-18K six-barrel guns. The system is capable of effectively combating cruise missiles and low-flying small targets.

As for the electronic filling of the frigates of project 11356, all the latest developments were implemented here. Fire control is carried out by means of the Puma FCS, capable of providing long-range search, target acquisition and tracking. The ship's control system is represented by the new Demand-M complex, through which all information coming from the ship's posts passes. Automation fully controls the combat use of weapons, based on an assessment of the current situation and the level of potential danger.

Management of all systems of the ship and maintenance of the main mechanisms and units is carried out by a crew of 180 people. For the first time, the ships of the Russian fleet provide for the deployment of a marine corps unit in the amount of 18 fighters.

Epilogue

The new Russian frigates have become a real godsend for the naval command. Project 11356 ships entered service with the Black Sea Fleet in a timely manner, significantly increasing the combat power and tactical capabilities of connecting surface ships on the southern flank.

The aggravated situation in the Black Sea maritime theater, the unpredictability of the situation in Syria, pose new challenges for new ships. Powerful and fast ships are able to control the situation in the entire Black Sea basin. The strike weapons installed on the ships are capable of delivering tactical strikes against targets located far beyond the area of ​​responsibility of the Russian Navy.

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