Welding Inspector is an inspector who carries out control from the storage of welding and basic materials to the control of non-destructive testing on an already finished welded product. I have prepared for you a whole series of articles in which I tried to briefly outline the essence of the task of a welding inspector. In this article, we will get acquainted with the classification of the main methods of welding, with the principles of the main methods of electro arc welding fusion and with international codes and abbreviations for the main welding processes.

Classification of the main welding methods

Welding is one of the processes of joining materials. As stated below, all existing ways welds can be divided into two main groups:

• fusion welding: gas, electric arc, electroslag, electron beam, laser, etc.;
• pressure welding: contact, friction, diffusion, ultrasound, etc.

Fusion welding is carried out by melting the edges of the parts to be joined and the filler material with the formation of a common weld pool. The welded joint is formed without external forces.

pressure welding is carried out by establishing interatomic bonds between the connected parts with the use of external forces.

Principles of the main methods of electric arc fusion welding

Electric arc welding- The heat source is an electric arc. This type of welding includes: manual arc welding with coated electrodes (MMA), electric arc welding in shielding gases (MIG / MAG and TIG), submerged arc welding, plasma welding and other welding methods.

Gas welding - a chemical method of fusion welding, the source of heating of the metal of which is thermal energy, obtained as a result of the chemical process of combustion of gaseous (or vaporous) fuel in a mixture with oxygen. Weld seam formed by the base and filler metals melted by a gas flame.

Manual arc welding with coated electrodes(MMA). The source of metal heating is an electric arc. The weld is formed by molten base and electrode metals.

Mechanized arc welding with consumable electrode in shielding gas (MIG/MAG). The source of metal heating is an electric arc. The weld is formed by the molten base metal and the metal of the electrode wire (solid or flux-cored).

Arc welding with a non-consumable (tungsten) electrode in an inert gas. The source of metal heating is an electric arc. The weld is formed either by the molten base metal alone or also by the filler wire metal.

International codes and abbreviations for basic welding processes

Types (methods) of welding for metals, according to RD

RD— manual arc welding with coated electrodes (111);

WFD– bath manual arc welding with coated electrodes;

GLAD— manual argon-arc welding with a non-consumable electrode (141);

MADP– mechanized argon-arc consumable electrode welding

MP- mechanized consumable electrode welding in an active environment

gases and mixtures (135);

AAD— automatic argon-arc welding with a non-consumable electrode;

APG– automatic consumable electrode welding in active

gases and mixtures;

AADP— automatic argon-arc consumable electrode welding;

AF— automatic submerged arc welding (12);

MF— mechanized submerged arc welding;

IMF— bathroom mechanized submerged arc welding;

MPS– mechanized welding with self-shielded flux-cored wire

IPY- mechanized welding with flux-cored wire in an active environment

gases (136);

IPSV— bathroom mechanized welding of self-protective powder

wire;

MSOD– mechanized welding with an open alloyed arc

wire;

P— plasma welding (15);

ES— electroslag welding;

EL— electron beam welding;

G— gas welding (311);

RDN— manual arc surfacing with coated electrodes;

RADN— manual argon-arc surfacing;

AADN— automatic argon-arc surfacing;

AFLN– automatic surfacing with a strip electrode under a flux;

AFPN— automatic surfacing with a wire electrode submerged arc.

KTS– contact-spot welding;

KSS– resistance butt welding;

CSR– flash butt welding;

VPS– high-frequency welding;

Symbols for welding positions:

H1 (RA)- lower butt and into the "boat";

H2 (RV)- lower tee;

G (RS)— horizontal;

P1 (RE)- ceiling butt;

P2 (PD)- ceiling tee;

B1 (PF)- vertical from bottom to top;

B2 (PG)- vertical from top to bottom;

H45 (H-L045)- inclined at an angle of 45 degrees.

(Name of the certificatecenter)

"APPROVE"

Supervisor

certification center

___________________

(signature) (full name)

date of«_ _ » _________ 200_

M.P.

PROTOCOL OF WELDER CERTIFICATION

№ ___________ from _____________

The composition of the attestation commission (last name, first name, patronymic, level)

Commission Chairman

Commission members

1. ___________________________________________________________________

2. ___________________________________________________________________

3. ___________________________________________________________________

Representative of Gosgortekhn a d

LocationP practical exam ____________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

(registry number AC or AP)

Type of certification ____________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

1.General information about the certified welder

1.1. Full Name _________________________________________________

1.2. Year of birth __________________________________________________________

1.3. Place of work __________________________________________________________

1.4. Experience in welding _________________________________________________

1.5. TOin alification category ______________________________________________

1.6. Special training ________________________________________________

(when, where and document number)

2. Data on welding (surfacing) of control welded joints (KSS)

2.13. Additional information about the KSS _____________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

3. Quality control of control welded joints nen and surfacing

3 .1. Regulatory document for control ______________________________________

3.2. The results of quality control of control sin arched joints (surfacing)

4. Assessment of theoretical knowledge and practice And cal skills

4.1. Assessment of knowledge at the general exam ____________________________________________

4.2. Assessment of knowledge on a special exame ___________________________________

4.3. Assessment of practical skills ____________________________________________

Conclusion attestation commission

Assigned level: specialist in welding productionIlevel (certified welder)

Approved for: ________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

[type (method) of welding (surfacing),

__________________________________________________________________________

names of dangerous technical devices]

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

Scope of appraisal *

Welding method

The degree of mechanization of welding equipment **

Detail view

Seam types

Group of material to be welded

Filler material or electrode coating

Parts thickness, mm

outsiden th diameter, mm

Welding positions

Connection type

* Informac yu about the area of ​​distribution a tte stations are indicated by symbols I mi.

** It is taken into account only at the certificatec and for welding pipes of pipelines of gas supply systems from polymer materials.

Chairman ______________________________________________________________

(signature) Surname, I. O.

Commission members

1. ______________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________

P re d puter of the State G orthotech n but d Zora of Russia ______________________________________

Certificate No. _______ issued by ____________________________________________

(date, signature)

FEDERAL MINING AND INDUSTRIAL SUPERVISION OF RUSSIA

RESOLUTION

On approval of the new version of the "Technological regulations for conducting

certification of welders and specialists welding production"

Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia decides:

Approve the new version of the "Technological regulations for the certification of welders and specialists in welding production".

Boss

Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia

V.M. Kulechev

Technological regulations for the certification of welders and specialists in welding production

RD 03-495-02

Registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on July 17, 2002, registration number 3587

APPROVED by the Decree of the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia dated June 25, 2002 No. 36

I. Technological regulations for certification of welders

1.1. When submitting a welder for certification, the employer (applicant) sends an application to the certification center in the form given in Appendix 1.

The candidate has the right to independently provide the necessary information about himself.

1.2. The amount of theoretical knowledge of the certified welder must satisfy the requirements of the examination programs in accordance with clause 3.2 of the Rules for the certification of welders and specialists in welding production PB-03-273-99, approved by the Resolution of the Gosgortechnadzor of Russia dated 10.30.98 No. 63 and registered with the Ministry of Justice of Russia on 04.03.99 , registration number 1721.

General requirements for examination programs are given in Appendix 2.

1.3. Certification of welders is carried out by testing their practical skills and theoretical knowledge in accordance with the type (method) of welding (surfacing) for which he is certified, and the direction of his production activities(a group or name of technical devices that are welded by a welder in production, the type of work performed is manufacturing, installation, repair).

1.4. The certification procedure includes the passing of the following exams by the certified welder:

Practical, general and special - for primary and extraordinary certification;

Practical and special with additional and periodic certification.

Theoretical and practical exams are conducted at the certification center or its certification point, registered in the register of the Certification System for Welders and Welding Production Specialists of the National Certification Committee for Welding Production.

Notes:

1. Welders with a special (higher technical or secondary technical) education in welding production are exempt from passing the general exam during the initial certification.

2. It is only allowed to conduct a special examination if the purpose of additional certification of a welder is to expand the direction of his production activity without changing the characteristics taken into account when welding control welded joints.

3. It is allowed to conduct only a practical exam if the purpose of additional certification of a welder is to expand the scope of certification without changing the type (method) of welding (surfacing) and the direction of his production activity.

1.5. Certification of welders begins with a practical exam. If the welder does not pass the practical exam, then he is not allowed to take further exams and is considered not to have passed the certification. A welder can be re-certified after additional practical training no earlier than 1 month later.

1.6. At the general exam, the welder is asked 20 questions on the theoretical foundations of welding, and at the special exam - at least 15 randomly selected questions in accordance with the type (method) of welding (surfacing) for which he is certified, and the direction of his production activity. The choice of questions is carried out by the attestation commission according to the collections of examination questions for general and special examinations. Each collection must contain at least 100 questions.

If a welder is certified for two or three types (methods) of welding (surfacing), for example, manual arc welding with coated electrodes and manual argon arc welding with a non-consumable electrode, the examination ticket must contain at least 5 questions for each type (method) of welding (surfacing) from relevant collections of examination questions. When attesting for welding of objects included in two or three groups of dangerous technical devices, the welder must receive separate tickets for a special exam for each group of dangerous technical devices. The examination ticket must contain at least 5 questions for each group of dangerous technical devices.

1.7. General and special examinations are carried out in writing or using a computer. By decision of the examination committee, an additional interview may be held with the person being certified.

1.8. A welder is considered to have passed the general and special examinations if he correctly answered at least 80% of the questions asked of him in each of the examinations, taking into account the results of the interview.

1.9. A welder is considered certified upon successful completion of theoretical and practical exams.

1.10. If the welder passed only the practical and one of the theoretical exams, then he is allowed to retake the failed exam according to the previously submitted application within six months from the date of the first exam, but not earlier than one month after passing the exams. In case of repeated failure, all exams previously passed during certification are not counted, the welder is considered not to have passed the certification and is allowed to the certification procedure after additional theoretical and practical training with a new application.

1.11. When certifying a welder, the following characteristics are subject to consideration:

Types (methods) of welding and surfacing;

Types of seams;

Type of details;

Types and types of control welded joints;

Groups of basic materials;

Filler materials;

Dimensions of control welded joints;

Welding position;

The degree of automation of equipment for welding plastic pipes;

Group of hazardous technical devices.

acnaks.ru

Welding methods (surfacing)

Main Technical Library Welding, NAKS

www.tn-pro.ru

LIST OF TYPES (METHODS) OF WELDING - NAKS

NAKS 2017

www.nakskz.ru

Types of certification NAKS

Groups of technical devices

NAKS* PTO - Handling equipment: 2. Pipe-laying cranes. 7. Load-handling devices. 10. Rope roads, their units, mechanisms and parts. 11. Chains for handling equipment. 12. Construction hoists. 13. Passenger conveyors. NAKS CO - Boiler equipment: 1. Steam boilers with steam pressure over 0.07 MPa and hot water boilers with water temperature above 115°C. 2. Steam and hot water pipelines with operating steam pressure over 0.07 MPa and water temperature over 115°C. 3. Vessels operating under pressure over 0.07 MPa. 4. Fittings and safety devices 5. Metal structures for boiler equipment. NAKS GO - Gas equipment: 1. Pipelines of internal gas supply systems. 2. Outdoor gas pipelines of low, medium and high pressure steel and stainless steel metal materials. 3. Gas equipment of boilers, technological lines and units. 4. Gas burners. 5. Capacitive and instantaneous water heaters. 7. Fittings made of metallic materials and safety devices. NAKS NGDO (decoding - oil and gas production equipment): 1. Field and main oil pipelines, pipelines of oil pumping stations (OPS), providing transportation of oil and oil products during construction, reconstruction and overhaul. 2. Field and main oil product pipelines, pipelines of oil pumping stations (OPS), which ensure the transport of oil and oil products when current repair during operation. 3.Commercial and main gas pipelines and condensate pipelines; pipelines for the transportation of marketable products, impulse, fuel and start-up gas within: complex gas treatment plants (CGTP), compressor stations (CS), booster compressor stations (BCS), underground gas storage stations (UGS), gas distribution stations (GDS), gas flow metering units (UZRG) and gas reduction points (PRG). 4. Pipelines within the GTP, CS; NPS; SPHG; DCS; GRS; UZRG; PRG, etc., with the exception of pipelines that provide transportation of gas, oil and oil products. 5. Reservoirs for storing oil and oil products, gas holders of gas storage facilities during construction and repair. 6. Offshore pipelines, offshore facilities (pipelines on platforms, as well as welded bases offshore platforms) during construction, reconstruction and repair. 7. Unique objects of the oil and gas industry during construction and repair (working parameters of the objects are not provided for by the current regulatory documentation) 8. Stop valves during manufacture and repair in the factory. 9. Details of pipelines in the manufacture and repair in the factory. 10. Pumps, compressors and other equipment in the manufacture and repair in the factory. 11. Oil and gas pipelines in the manufacture and repair in the factory. 12. Oil and gas field equipment, drilling and oil refining. 13. Pipelines of automated gas-filling compressor stations (CNG). NAKS OKHNVP (decoding - equipment of chemical, petrochemical, oil refining and fire and explosion industries): 1. Equipment of chemical, petrochemical, oil refining industries operating under pressure up to 16 MPa. 2. Equipment for chemical, petrochemical, oil refining industries operating under pressure of more than 16 MPa. 3. Equipment for chemical, petrochemical, oil refining industries operating under vacuum. 4. Storage tanks for explosive and toxic substances. 5. Isothermal storage. 6. Cryogenic equipment. 7. Equipment for ammonia refrigeration units. 9. Compressor and pump equipment. 10. Centrifuges, separators. 11. Tanks, containers (barrels), cylinders for explosive and toxic substances. 13. Energy technology boilers. 15. Pipe fittings and safety devices. 16. Technological pipelines and details of pipelines. GDO - Mining equipment: 1. Technical devices for mining and ore-dressing industries and underground facilities. NAKS MO - Metallurgical equipment: 1. Blast furnace, coke, steelmaking equipment. 2. Technological equipment and pipelines for ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy. 3. Technical devices for the production of ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys based on them. 4. Machines for casting steel and non-ferrous metals. 5. Pipe-rolling units. 6. Crimping, billet, section and sheet rolling mills. NAKS OTOG - Equipment for the transportation of dangerous goods: 1. Specialized containers and containers used for the transportation of dangerous goods and building materials . NAKS SK (decoding - building structures): 1. Metal building structures. 2. Fittings, reinforcing and embedded products of reinforced concrete structures. 3. Metal pipelines. 4. Structures and pipelines made of polymeric materials. NAKS KSM - Structures of steel bridges: 1. Metal structures of superstructures, supports and pylons of steel bridges when manufactured in the factory. 2. Metal structures of superstructures, supports and pylons of steel bridges during assembly, welding and repair in installation conditions. Methods of welding (surfacing) RD - Manual arc welding with coated electrodes. RDV - Bathtub arc welding with coated electrodes. RAD - Manual argon arc welding with non-consumable electrode. MADP - Mechanized argon arc welding with a consumable electrode. MP - Mechanized consumable electrode welding in active gases and mixtures. AAD - Automatic argon arc welding with non-consumable electrode. APG - Automatic consumable electrode welding in active gases and mixtures. AADP - Automatic argon arc welding with a consumable electrode. AF - Automatic submerged arc welding. MF - Mechanized submerged arc welding. МФВ - Bathroom mechanized submerged arc welding. MPS - Mechanized self-protection welding with flux-cored wire. MPG - Mechanized welding with flux-cored wire in an active gas environment. MPSV - Bathroom mechanized welding with self-protection flux-cored wire. MSOD - Mechanized open arc welding with alloyed wire. ESh - Electroslag welding. EL - Electron Beam Welding. RDN - Manual arc surfacing with coated electrodes. RADI - Manual argon-arc surfacing. AADN - Automatic argon-arc surfacing. AFLN - Automatic surfacing with a strip electrode under a flux. AFPN - Automatic surfacing with a wire electrode submerged arc. KTS - Contact-spot welding. KSS - Resistance butt welding. KSO - Flash butt welding. VChS - High-frequency welding. NI - Welding with a heated tool. ЗН - Welding with embedded heaters. NG - Welding with heated gas. E - Extrusion welding. Groups of basic materials (M01) - Carbon and low-alloy structural steels of pearlite class with a minimum yield strength of not more than 360 MPa (up to K54). (MOZ) - Low-alloyed structural steels of the pearlitic class with a minimum yield strength of over 360 MPa to 500 MPa (K55 - K60) (MOZ) - Low-alloyed structural steels of the pearlitic class with a minimum yield strength of over 500 MPa (above K60) (M02) - Low-alloyed heat-resistant chromium-molybdenum and chromium-molybdenum-vanadium steels of pearlitic class (M05) - Alloy steels of martensitic class with chromium content from 4 to 10% (M04) - High-alloy steels of martensitic and martensitic-ferritic classes with chromium content from 10 to 18% (M04) - High alloyed (high chromium) ferritic steels with chromium content from 12 to 30% (M11) - High-alloy steels of the austenitic-ferritic class (M11) - High-alloy steels of the austenitic class (M61) - Iron-nickel alloys (M51) - Nickel and nickel-based alloys ( M21-M23) - Aluminum and aluminum alloys (M31-M34) - Copper and copper-based alloys (M07) - Reinforcing steels of reinforced concrete structures uktsy (Mb2) - Cross-linked polyethylene (PE-X) (M63) - Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) (M64) - Polypropylene (PP) Types of welding materials Ep - Melting electrodes for arc welding. EN - Non-consumable electrodes for arc welding. PS - Solid welding wire. Pp - Flux-cored wire and flux-cored tapes.

*Deciphering NAKS - National Welding Control Agency

We bring to your attention a simple instruction (translation): how to use welding machine manual arc welding (RD) for manual arc welding in argon (RAD).

Perhaps you will find this article useful someday. For example, your inverter for argon arc welding has broken down, and you urgently need to brew something ... Or in the case that the author writes about. Well, you never know.

It is very common to use a welder on the site with electrodes for argon-arc welding of pipe joints. This approach is used by most large companies for RAD welding of pipes from carbonaceous and stainless steel. I think electrode welding power supplies do a better job than argon welding power supplies when it comes to heavy wall tubing.

In fact, the transformation is very simple and requires only an air-cooled RAD torch and an argon tank. For most welding jobs, there are three steps to start welding:

First, change the polarity of the current to a straight line (negative electrode);

Secondly, take an air-cooled RAD torch and connect it to the holder;

Thirdly, take the gas supply hose and connect it to the reducer on the argon cylinder.

That's all it takes to turn an RD welder into a RAD welder!