Grocery- this is the name of a group of food products, which currently include a wide range of different types of food products. The word groceries is borrowed from the Turkish language, where a vegetable merchant is called nothing other than bakkal. Initially, groceries were understood as dry food products, such as nuts, dried fruits, and smoked meats.

Over time, other goods began to be classified as groceries, such as flour, tea and coffee, as well as spices, spices, sugar, salt and other food products. Grocery is understood not only as food, but also as a store where they are sold to the consumer. A vendor who deals in groceries is called a grocer. In a broad sense, groceries are a group of food products that have undergone preliminary culinary processing and can be eaten or used as an ingredient in the preparation of other culinary products.

Grocery products differ from other food products by a fairly long shelf life. There are several food groups that can be distinguished among groceries. by the most a wide range such a group of groceries as leguminous crops and grains can boast. This group includes foods such as: all kinds cereals, as well as flour and pasta.

The composition of the second large group of goods that belong to groceries includes different kinds culinary vegetable oils (olive, sunflower, rapeseed, corn, butter, etc.), as well as fats (fat, duck, goose, beef and others) and their substitutes (margarine, spread). Sauces also belong to groceries and constitute another large group of food products with a fairly impressive shelf life and shelf life.

Spices and spices by their characteristics fall under the concept of groceries. In addition, all dry ingredients necessary for the preparation of culinary products and baking, such as baker's yeast and baking powder, various types of ready-made confectionery and culinary mixtures, are classified as groceries. Fast food products (soups, cereals, muesli, cereals) are also included in groceries.

Snacks, dry concentrated drinks, various dried fruits, nuts, seeds, dried and dried fish, and meat are groceries. In a word, under the groceries in modern trade understand a wide range of food products that are sold through the distribution network.

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This word is heard in everyday life quite often. Everyone knows that this term refers to gastronomy, but not everyone knows exactly what it means. And to ask such, it would seem, simple questions not always convenient.

Grocery - what is it?

There are two theories regarding the origin of the word:

From the Arabic "bakkal", which means spice merchant.
. From Turkish "bakala". This phrase is translated approximately “look and take”, “goods in sight”.

So, groceries are a broad group of food products. In addition, this is also the name of the department (or the whole store) in which these same products are sold. Previously, there were special shops selling the products of this row, and the seller was called a "grocer". Today, the largest and most diverse section of a supermarket is the grocery. This photo below shows the full picture.

Grocery - what are these products?

In the generally accepted sense, groceries are food products that have undergone special culinary processing, and therefore are subject to long-term storage in normal conditions. This series includes all cereals, pasta, tea, coffee, spices, vegetable oils, sauces, dried fruits and more.

Products in this category may be sold by weight or packaged. Perishable food (fish, meat, cheeses, sausages, vegetables, etc.), as well as juices and alcohol, do not belong to groceries.

Bulk products

To loose food products include the following:

1. All types of flour and special flour mixtures for the preparation of certain pastries (cakes, pancakes).
2. Pasta of different varieties (vermicelli, horns, noodles, feathers, spaghetti, etc.).
3. Cereals. This section includes rice, buckwheat, semolina, wheat and oatmeal.
4. Various types of tea, as well as cocoa, instant and natural coffee. Usually, for convenience, this entire range of products is placed in a specific department.
5. Legumes (beans, peas, soybeans, lentils, etc.).
6. Spices. Salt, sugar, citric acid, vanillin are in this category.
7. Spices. This list includes ground pepper, bay leaf, saffron, cloves, cinnamon, coriander, ginger and other substances that add spice and piquancy to dishes.
8. Food additives such as gelatin, baking powder, yeast and other dry concentrates.
9. Dried fruits, seeds, nuts, dried vegetables.
10. Powdered instant drinks, as well as pre-packaged meals and breakfast cereals.
11. Packaged snack foods. These can be crackers, chips, crackers, popcorn, dried small fish, squid rings, etc.

Preservation and liquid products

This category of goods can be presented for sale in sealed bottles. plastic bags, in tin, plastic and glass jars. First of all, we should mention vegetable oils (olive, sunflower, cottonseed), which you will certainly meet in the grocery department.

Grocery is also all kinds of canned food: fish, meat, vegetables, legumes, etc. In addition, various ready-made seasonings are placed in this department of the supermarket, such as mayonnaise, ketchup, adjika, mustard, all kinds of sauces, and vinegar.

Very often on the shelves of the grocery department you can see household goods for small household needs. It can be soap, candles, matches, napkins and similar trifles.

Requirements

Despite the fact that products in this category belong to durable goods, a number of requirements are also imposed on it. The quality of products must comply with GOST for this group of goods. The packaging must be sealed and not damaged. The package, bottle or jar should contain detailed information about the weight, composition, terms and conditions of storage, date of issue and details of the manufacturer.

Packaged products today are massively replacing bulk sales in stores. Packed groceries are, no matter what conservative-minded citizens say, very convenient, hygienic, and also attractive. Moreover, this method significantly reduces labor and time costs, thus increasing

Once I was asked an interesting question: “Grocery – what are these products?”. And all due to the fact that in conversations with people, we often hear the word "grocery", but we don't know what exactly is hidden behind it. The word "groceries" define gastronomic products.

Several theories are now circulating to explain its origin. First - the term comes from the Turkish language - bakkal (bakkal), which means "vegetable seller" in translation.. The second - the word has Arabic roots and means vegetables, herbs. However, in our time, “grocery” has nothing to do with vegetables and herbs.

What products are referred to by the term "groceries"?

Grocery refers to a whole group of grocery products that have undergone a certain culinary processing during the production process. It is this processing that determines the duration of storage. The sale of such food products is carried out both by weight and in packaging.

The term "grocery" means not only food products, various semi-finished products and canned food, but also some household products such as soap, matches, washing powder.

Comparing groceries with other food products, one of the obvious features can be noted - this is the expiration date and unpretentious storage in the warehouse. It is not required to create special conditions for storage in order to sell groceries in the future.

Therefore, they are opposed to gastronomic products as the most "unpretentious" goods for sale.

Actually, as in everything, when storing grocery products, you should follow simple recommendations that will significantly affect the quality of the presentation and freshness.

List of groceries

It is rather problematic to classify the wide variety of products that make up the grocery group. Often, they are divided into three main groups:

• Bulk products;
• canned foods;
• liquid goods.

Grocery has a number of undeniable advantages - affordable cost, long shelf life, freshness, do not require creation special conditions. Such products are actively used not only in everyday life, but also in enterprises, in public catering, institutions fast food, cafes and restaurants.

List and description of bulk products

This is the most large group groceries. It includes a variety of products that you, as a customer, use every day.

For example, the morning of many people is not complete without delicious porridge, bread, buns, coffee, tea or cocoa - that's all there is groceries.

The main loose goods can be distinguished:

• all types of flour;
• varieties of cocoa, coffee, tea;
• cereals;
• legumes;
• food additives;
• spices;
• spices;
• powdered instant drinks;
• snack foods;
• pasta.

List and description of canned foods

Preservation of products is carried out for longer storage, and suppression of microorganisms that spoil goods over time. Canned food should be stored under the conditions specified by the manufacturer.

• canned food: meat, vegetable, berry-fruit;
• ready meals: buckwheat porridge, naval pasta, etc. ;
• ready-made seasonings such as mayonnaise, ketchup.

List and description of liquid products

Typically, these products are sold not only in sealed bags, but also in glass, plastic or cans.

• vegetable oils: sunflower, olive, cotton;
• canned milk: condensed milk, concentrated milk;
• honey: linden, mountain, flower.

The grocery group is not limited to this list. There are many more food products that live up to this name, and perhaps their main characteristic is their long shelf life.

However it is important to store these products correctly, observing all conditions. This is taken care of by manufacturers, sellers, they must know the basic rules and we are with you so as not to throw away oil, flour or coffee ahead of time.

Ideal conditions for storing goods

First, read everything that is written on the package and try to follow these instructions. Secondly, I will give some useful general recommendations.

Store flour, pasta, cereals in a cool room, as warm air temperature negatively affects the quality of the goods. The optimum temperature is considered to be 8 degrees, no more. But, as a rule, this is difficult to achieve, therefore, the temperature should be controlled without increasing more than the permissible value - 18 *. Ideally, if the room has air conditioning;

The ideal air humidity is considered to be 60-70%.

The shelf life of some products that are not individually packaged is affected by the high humidity absorbed by the dry food. The exception is sugar and salt, which lose their positive traits under the required humidity level.

For example, tea, flour and coffee do not tolerate moisture and are sensitive to pungent odors. Under conditions of open packaging, these products change their original taste and smell. Therefore, tea, flour, ground coffee should be stored separately from spices, in closed sealed jars.

A functioning ventilation system should be provided in advance in the room. or at least regular ventilation. The incoming fresh air will prevent the appearance of odors, dampness, insects in grain bags;

The goods placed on the racks should not come into contact with other surfaces.. The smallest distance from the first shelf to the floor should be 20 cm. Special wooden pallets are ideal. It is also necessary to pay attention to sanitary standards in the premises where products are stored and sold, to regularly clean, and to poison pests.

On a note: storage of seasonings and spices should be carried out separately from other products that are able to absorb extraneous specific odors.

I suggest watching a short video on how to organize the storage of spices, seasonings, baking additives, so that it is convenient.

Often in everyday life one has to hear such a word as groceries, but not everyone is familiar with what is meant by it. This term refers to gastronomy. There are several theories regarding its origin. According to one of them, this name came from the Turkish language - from the word "bakkal" (bakkal), the translation of which means a vegetable merchant. According to another, this term is of Arabic origin and is translated as greens, vegetables.

What is a grocery

Grocery is a whole group of food products that have undergone special culinary processing, due to which they are subject to long-term storage under certain conditions. Products in this category are sold both in packaged form and by weight. In addition to food products, including a variety of canned and semi-finished products, this groceries even include some basic household goods, such as matches, washing powder, and soap.

Compared to other food products, grocery products boast a long shelf life and unpretentious storage. In terms of organizing food retailing, groceries are opposed to deli products. The latter, as a rule, are already ready for use, are expensive and require special storage conditions. A significant part of the products in this category may be required in restaurants, snack bars, barbecue, etc. Cafes, bistros and fast food establishments are limited to a minimum set of groceries.

Special conditions for the storage of such products are not required, but there are several features of preserving the presentation and freshness of dry products that are important to take into account:

• Grocery products do not really like high air temperatures, especially cereals, pasta, flour. The ideal temperature is considered to be no more than 8 degrees Celsius. In practice, it is difficult to maintain this parameter in the pantry of a diner or restaurant, so a simpler rule must be observed - the temperature should not exceed +18 degrees. To maintain it, a regular air conditioner is quite suitable.
• For proper storage, low air humidity is required, the indicator of which should not be higher than 60-70%. Dry foods that are not sealed can absorb a large number of moisture - this will significantly reduce the shelf life of some products. There are exceptions to this rule, for example, salt and sugar will lose their presentation in the absence of the proper level of humidity, but at the same time they will retain their taste and physical qualities. Flour, coffee, tea, in addition to being afraid of moisture, are also sensitive to pungent odors - if they are opened or left in unhermetically sealed packages, then these products will most likely have an unpleasant smell and taste will change.
• The grocery group of goods requires a good ventilation system, or at least frequent airing of the room. Access to fresh air will help fight odors, dampness, insect pests of grain stocks.
• Products located on the racks should not come into contact with the ceiling or walls, and the minimum distance from the floor to the first shelf should be about 20 cm, but not less. At the same time, attention should also be paid to compliance with sanitary standards, i.e. the room should be regularly cleaned, animals and pests should be fought.

Who is a grocer

If you go into history, then in pre-revolutionary Russia, groceries denoted a group of dry edible goods: first dried fruits, smoked meats, and then it was replenished with flour, coffee, sugar, tea, cereals, spices. Later, the term grocery store appeared, and the seller who was engaged in the sale of groceries, kept a grocery store, was called a grocer. These were respected people who laid the foundation for modern retail.

In the USSR, Glavbakaleya has been engaged in the sale of groceries since the 1950s. The legislation of the Soviet Union established special requirements for inventory packaging, the workplace of a grocery employee and other aspects of trade. Additionally, it was prescribed to conduct a systematic fight against various kinds of pests. Thanks to the advent of affordable refrigeration equipment, almost every modern grocery department or store can sell both groceries and deli products, including fresh vegetables and fruits.

Groceries

Due to the wide variety of products that are included in the grocery category, it is very difficult to clearly classify them. In most cases, they are divided into the following three groups of what relates to groceries:

• bulk products;
• obtained by the conservation method;
• liquid products.

Bulk products

This group of grocery products is the widest. It includes a large number of products that are used by many consumers daily. For example, porridge, soups are made from buckwheat and rice, flour is used for cooking bakery products, spices are used to give the dish a certain taste, etc. The main bulk food products include:

• All types of flour (rye, wheat, corn, etc.) and special mixtures made from it, which are used for baking: pancakes, muffins, pancakes, etc.
• Different varieties of tea, instant and natural coffee, cocoa. Often, for the convenience of classification, this range of products is separated into a separate subgroup - this is due to the large variety of varieties.
• Cereals. A sub-group consisting of a large number of products that are included in the daily diet of most consumers. This type of groceries consists of such cereals as wheat (polished, flakes), barley, semolina, buckwheat (prodel, flakes, unground), oatmeal (including rolled oats), corn.
• Bean cultures. Groceries in this category include peas, soybeans, lentils, beans, and chickpeas.
• Food additives consisting of gelatin, yeast, baking powder and other dry concentrates.
• Spices. An extensive subgroup that includes products that are used to give dishes a certain taste and smell. Her list includes saffron, ginger, cloves, cinnamon, ground pepper, coriander and other products that can spice up food with a special piquancy.
• Spices. This subgroup consists of sugar, salt, citric acid, vanillin.
• Instant drinks in powder form (milk, cream, concentrate for making jelly), packaged fast food, the so-called "dry breakfasts", which include cereals, muesli.
• Food in snack packs, such as dried small fish, chips, crackers, popcorn, crackers, etc.
• Pasta of different varieties: horns, noodles, vermicelli, spaghetti, etc.
• In a separate subgroup, nuts, seeds, dried vegetables, dried fruits can be distinguished.

Conservation

Grocery, which was prepared for long-term storage by conservation, has gained considerable distribution. The essence of this method lies in the technical processing of food in order to suppress the vital activity of microorganisms that spoil the product. The following products belong to this category of groceries.

Grocery is the largest department of a grocery store. What products belong to the grocery department? This is a rather broad concept, which includes goods that are sold in dry form and do not require special storage conditions - cereals, flour, pasta, spices, seasonings, sugar, salt. Later, this category also included liquid products - such as vegetable and butter and margarine, sauces and others.

The name itself comes from the Arabic word "bakkal" - a spice merchant, and from the Turkish "bakal" - look and take, the goods are there. All groceries can act as ingredients for cooking and have a long shelf life. Therefore, it will be easier to say about groceries that they are all the products that a thrifty housewife stores outside the refrigerator.

Storage Secrets

In order for dry products to be stored for a long time, it is necessary to observe several simple rules. The room intended for storage should be well ventilated, with air humidity not exceeding 70%. The optimum temperature is from -5 to +5 degrees. If it is not possible to comply with such temperature regime, it is necessary to ensure that the temperature does not exceed +18 degrees (air conditioning is used).

Dry products that are not hermetically sealed can absorb a large amount of moisture, which significantly reduces the shelf life of some types of products. But there are pleasant exceptions to this rule. For example, sugar and salt will lose their presentation, but retain all physical qualities and taste. And tea, coffee and flour, in addition to the fear of moisture, are also sensitive to pungent odors. These are real sissies! Opened and left unhermetically sealed packaging is almost 100% guarantee that drinks will have an unpleasant smell and taste will change

The main enemy of cereals is insect pests. For prevention, the shelves where groceries are stored are regularly washed with detergents and dry out. Groats can be subjected to heat treatment - cooled to low temperatures or heated. From folk remedies fighting bugs, garlic showed itself well. Its peeled slices are laid out in containers with cereals or flour.

Goods bought by weight are always more difficult to store. Packaged cereals and flour keep better. From containers, glass, plastic or metal containers are preferable.

Benefit

According to nutritionists, many products from the grocery department, such as fruits, seeds and nuts, are a real panacea for maintaining health and maintaining beauty. They are a concentrated source of vitamins and minerals, and have a high energy value. A grocery diet is recommended for people suffering from diseases of the digestive system, as well as during periods of stress and physical fatigue. Especially effective in this case are raisins, dried apricots, dates, prunes, pistachios, sunflower seeds, walnuts and coconuts.