The Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin is a fortress in Nizhny Novgorod, the historical center of the city, a stone belt covering the top of a mountainous cape and lying on ledges. Presentation on the theme "Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin" Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin template for presentation

To use the preview of presentations, create an account for yourself ( account) Google and sign in: https://accounts.google.com

Slides captions:

Towers of the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin History and architecture

The Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin The Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin is a medieval fortification on a flat top and the northwestern Nizhny Novgorod, the area of the Kremlin is 22.7 hectares, the perimeter is 2045 m, the height of the walls is from 12 to 15 m, the thickness is from 3.5 to 4.5 m, the number of towers is 11, the height is from 12 to 15 m. The names of the towers (according to clockwise direction); Dmitrievskaya or Dmitrovskaya (main) - named after the Nizhny Novgorod Grand Duke Dmitry Konstantinovich (XIV century), Kladovaya - served as a storage place, Nikolskaya - next to the Nikolskaya Posad Church (now defunct), Koromyslov - supposedly buried under it legendary girl with a yoke, Taynitskaya - along a secret underground passage from it to the river. Pochaina (otherwise - Pochaga), Severnaya, or Ilyinskaya - according to its northern position relative to other Kremlin towers and next to the township church of Elijah the Prophet, Clockwork - according to the churches installed on it in the 16th century. hours. Ivanovskaya - next to the Posad Church of St. John the Baptist (now defunct), Belaya - along the white-stone lining of the lower part of the outer facade, Georgievskaya - next to the Posad St. George's Church (now defunct), Powder - due to its purpose for storing gunpowder and other ammunition .

Plan of the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin

Archangel Cathedral It is located in the center of the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin. When the city was founded in 1221, a wooden church was built in it, which in 1227 was replaced by the stone building of the Archangel Michael Cathedral. In 1359 it was overhauled and played the role of a church at the mansions of the Grand Duke. Now from this time only separate fragments have been preserved, found under the floor and next to the Archangel Cathedral during archaeological excavations in 1960.

Dmitrievskaya tower

The Dmitrievskaya Tower, by its position, occupies a leading place in the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin and dominates its upland section. It is located in the center of the upland area and faces the extended part of Minin and Pozharsky Square in the form of a semicircle. For the first time, the tower is mentioned in sources in 1372-74, and therefore it is considered the oldest of the towers of the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin. However, in the course of research in 1948-52. no masonry sites dating back to the 14th century were found in it - the tower, apparently, was completely rebuilt in the 16th century

pantry tower

The pantry tower is the second in terms of age. According to the chronicle, it was founded in 1500. Under the name Tverskaya, on the old plans, in place of the Storeroom, there is a tower designated as Tverskaya. This name comes, most likely, from the word firmament - a fortification, a strong place, a fortress. Pantry. Under the stone vaults of the tower different times squeaky squeaks were also kept, i.e. fortress guns, which were located in the fence (behind the fence), and the core, and cannon supplies. There were also tools of masons, the so-called "tackle of urban affairs", and documents of the Nizhny Novgorod Scientific Archival Commission ...

Nikolskaya tower

Nikolskaya - a square tower, built somewhat later. For square towers, as a rule, the presence of gates is characteristic. The tower was named after the Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, which once stood on Bolshaya Pokrovskaya Street. Before the repair in 1837, the entire lower part of the tower had a white stone cladding. In the 17th - 19th centuries, the tower was used as a warehouse and received a significant internal alteration. The Nikolskaya tower is crowned with a watch tower, the height of the tower together with the tower is thirty meters.

Koromyslov tower

The Koromyslov Tower is round, located on a sharp turn of the Kremlin wall above the intersection of the Zelensky congress ("pipe") with the Pochainsky ravine. Yes, and the tower itself with adjoining whorls resembles, when viewed from the opposite bank of the Pochainsky ravine, a strong young woman with yokes on her shoulders. Isn't that why the tower is called Koromyslova. hallmark The yoke tower is that it is completely, including the interior, made of white stone. In terms of the preservation of its original appearance, it is the best among all the round towers of the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin. In the XVIII and XIX centuries the tower housed the archive (until 1886) and then various warehouses.

Taynitskaya tower

The round Taynitskaya tower is located above the slope of the Pochainsky ravine, along the bottom of which the Pochaina River flowed, now enclosed in a collector. The tower got its name from the underground passage - a hiding place that led from it down the slope to Pochaina. The remains of the cache were discovered and destroyed in the 80s of the XIX century during the work on the improvement of the Zelensky Congress. In the 17th century, the tower was armed with one copper pishchal. In the 18th and 19th centuries, she worked under warehouses. From 1893 to 1917 it housed the archive. The height of the Tainitskaya tower in the place with a roof and a watchtower is 30 m.

north tower

This tower is by no means the northernmost of the towers of the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin, but the spin from the Tainitskaya tower towards the north coincides with the direction to the north, it goes, as it were, along the meridian. The tower was also called a corner tower, being the top of a right angle at the turn of the spindles. And the tower had another name - Ilinskaya, after the church of the Old Testament prophet Elijah, built, according to legend, at the place where Murza Nogaisky, the Tatar prince, was killed: on the opposite side of the Kremlin to the Pochainsky ravine. The spinning from the North Tower towards the Clock Tower is the shortest, only 39 meters.

Clock tower

The clock tower was named after the clock, which was located in a pentagonal log cabin in the upper part of the tower and for two centuries was the main city clock. So the tower can be considered sentry and for guard purposes. But she was famous all the same, mainly for her watches. In the scribe book of 1621 it is said: "... There is a fighting clock on the tower", that is, the clock and the clocks were marked by a strike. The sound of the clock bells also sounded like an alarm. The clock keeper who lived near the tower was called a watchmaker. History has preserved the name of one of them: in early XVII in. Ivan Rodionov watched the clock.

Ivanovskaya tower

Clock tower

Ivanovskaya Tower is named after the nearby church of John the Baptist, to which the church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker ("Nikola at the Market") was assigned. The tower from the inside had an extension with a "city staircase", along which the defenders of the Kremlin climbed the walls. In the same annex there was a cell for prisoners and criminals. The Ivanovskaya tower with gates is the main one in the foothill part of the Kremlin, like Dmitrovskaya tower in the upland part. Across the whole Kremlin from the Dmitrov Tower descended the steep Bolshaya Mostovaya Street, paved (hence the Mostovaya) with thick pine chopping blocks up to the Ivanovo Gate. From the Ivanovsky Gates to the Volga, the Ivanovsky Congress leads, according to which, in the spring of 1612, the Nizhny Novgorod militia, organized by the townsman headman Kozma Minin, headed by Prince Dmitry Pozharsky, moved to liberate Moscow from the Poles. In 1896, the archive of the Archaeographic Commission and the library of P. I. Melnikov-Pechersky were placed in the tower

White Tower

White Tower - the name of the tower, perhaps due to the color of its lower tier, and perhaps due to the fact that it was built on church land, which in the old days was called white, that is, free from taxes. The steep northern slope of the Volga bank has been repeatedly subjected to landslides. The displacement of the foundations of the Kremlin walls reached 14 meters. In the inventory of 1765, it is said that "this wall and the whole will soon crumble." And so it happened. In the middle of the XX century. The White Tower was also restored, acquiring a look close to the original.

Zachatskaya tower

The Zachatskaya Tower got its name from the Zachatievsky Monastery located nearby, outside the Kremlin walls, founded in the middle of the 14th century. Documents of the 17th century it is also called "White" - apparently for the same reason that the neighboring tower is called "White". Some documents of the XVIII century. they call the Zhivonosovskaya tower - after the church located nearby. The Borisoglebskaya Tower (aka Dukhovskaya) got its name from the nearby church of Boris and Gleb. It received the name Dukhovskaya later - after the monastery founded next to it in 1584. From the data of the Scribe Book for 1621-22. and other documents, it follows that the Zachatievskaya Tower had only two tiers and did not exceed the height of the wall line in its height. According to the conditions of the area, and also based on the fact that the Russians dominated the river, the builders of the Kremlin did not attach importance to it as an important defense center and built a tower with a passage only as an exit from the Kremlin, connecting it by the shortest route to the river.

Borisoglebskaya Tower

Borisoglebskaya tower - as a memory of the Borisoglebskaya church in Nizhny. From the Borisoglebskaya Tower, the Kremlin wall rises in smooth ledges in the form of huge stairs along the Volga bank towards the St. George's Tower. Spindle length - 174 meters.

Georgievskaya tower

The St. George's Tower is named after one of the most beautiful churches in the Lower - the Church of St. George - the Victorious, located on the site of the current Volzhsky Otkos hotel. Destroyed in 1932, it lives on in the name of the magnificent Kremlin tower. The spinning thread from the St. George's Tower to the Powder Tower is 191 meters.

powder tower

The powder tower is named so for its intended purpose - ammunition was stored in the tower. Earlier, according to documents, back in the 17th century, the tower was called Spasskaya - after the Transfiguration Cathedral. In the Kremlin wall between the Powder and Dmitrievskaya towers there is a memorial "To units and formations formed in the city of Gorky and the Gorky region during the years of the Great Patriotic War"1941 - 1945, where these units and formations are listed and their military awards and honorary titles are indicated.

Location Nizhny Novgorod Year of construction Kremlin area 22.7 ha Length of walls 2080 meters

The Borisoglebskaya Tower is named after the church in honor of Saints Boris and Gleb, which stood below the Kremlin, on the banks of the Volga. By 1622 it was rebuilt anew. As a result of constant ground movements, the tower collapsed, and was finally dismantled in 1785. In 1966, the remains of the Borisoglebskaya tower were excavated, and in 1972 the tower was re-erected in its original place.

The Zachatievsky (Zachatskaya) tower (destroyed by a landslide in the 18th century, it is planned to be restored by the year) is named after the Zachatievsky monastery located nearby. Sometimes it is referred to as the Zhivonosnovskaya Tower (according to the church and monastery in honor of the Life-Giving Spring) or Belaya (by analogy with the neighboring one). Two-tiered square tower with gates.

Taynitskaya tower along the "secret passage" in the wall near it to the river Pochaina. It was also called Mironositskaya after the Church of Zhen - Myrrh-bearers on the other side of the Pochainsky ravine, and on Zelena in the ravine under the tower there was a “green yard” a gunpowder factory with a water mill.

Nikolskaya tower next to the Posad church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker. A pedestrian bridge over the Zelensky Congress, built in the 1950s, leads to the tower.

Dmitrovskaya (Dmitrievskaya) tower is named after the Grand Duke of Nizhny Novgorod Dmitry Konstantinovich. According to another version, the name is associated with the church in the name of the Holy Great Martyr Demetrius of Thessalonica, built by Prince Dmitry in front of the tower in 1378. It was first mentioned in years, being considered the oldest tower, but it received its modern look in 1895 when adapted for the Art Museum (currently it houses an exhibition hall). It has the coat of arms of the city and a gate icon of the canonized founder of the city, Prince Yuri Vsevolodovich.

The Powder Tower was used to store gunpowder and other ammunition. Later names Spasskaya (located next to the Spassky Cathedral) and Streltsy (next to the streltsy settlement). Round 4-tier tower. There are no frontal loopholes in the lower tiers, that is, the tower plays the role of a caponier for conducting sole fire along the adjacent fortress walls. In the middle part there are 3 windows, in the upper part there are 3 teeth and 11 fighting windows.

Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin - a stone necklace of the city

Presentation for local history lesson No. 3.

At the confluence of the Volga and Oka rivers, a grandiose brick fortress rises on top of a mountainous cape. with 12 towers
Built in 1515, it was considered one of the most advanced structures of Russian military fortification architecture.

In the 1370s, due to the growing influence of Nizhny Novgorod, which became the capital of the Grand Duchy, Prince Dmitry Konstantinovich attempted to build a stone citadel. According to historians, some kind of stone Kremlin was erected, in the center of which rose.

The beginning of construction was marked by the construction of the Ivanovskaya Tower in 1500, but the main work was carried out in a short time - from 1508 to 1515. under the guidance of talented architect Petr Fryazin

The Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin became an important stronghold in the struggle against the Kazan Khanate. The 2-kilometer brick wall of the Kremlin was supported by 13 towers, 12 of them have survived to this day.

The two-kilometer wall had 13 towers: 5 - rectangular in plan - are passable or gated and 8 towers are round deaf. In front of the Dmitrov Tower there was a remote fortification - a stone bridge with a diversion tower, which was a novelty in Russian fortress architecture.

Located next to the Chkalov Stairs. It was named after the small church of St. George the Victorious.
According to the second version, the tower was named after the palace of Yuri Vsevolodovich, which was called "Georgievsky Terem"

Borisoglebskaya Tower

Named after the church of Boris and Gleb, located nearby. The tower was completely rebuilt during the reconstruction of 1622, but due to landslides it was dismantled in 1785. In the 1970s, it was rebuilt.

Used to store gunpowder and other ammunition. Later titles - Spasskaya(located next to Spaso-Preobrazhensky) and Streletskaya(next to the Streltsy Sloboda). Round 4-tier tower.

Named after the Grand Duke of Nizhny Novgorod Dmitry Konstantinovich. According to another version, the name is associated with the church in the name of the Holy Great Martyr Demetrius of Thessalonica.
It was first mentioned in 1372-1374, being considered the oldest tower, but received its modern look in 1895 when adapted for the Art Museum

pantry tower

It is considered the second oldest after Dmitrovskaya. According to the chronicle, it was built in 1500. Served as a warehouse. Was called Round, Tseikhgauznaya and Alekseevskaya - Alekseevskaya Church was nearby.

Named after the church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker.
The tower has a watchtower.
In ancient times, a drawbridge across the moat led to the tower, but in 1706 the gates were laid.
Pedestrian bridge over the Zelensky congress, built in the 1980s.

It was named because of the "secret passage" in the wall near it to the Pochaina River.
It was called Mironositskaya - after the Church of the Myrrh-bearing Women on the other side of the Pochainsky ravine.

It got its name because of its geographical position.
It was known as Ilyinskaya because of its location opposite the Posad church of Elijah the Prophet in Zapochainye. According to legend, this church was built on the site of the death of Murza Nogaisky
The tower is called "naugolnaya" (corner)

It got its name because of the clock installed in it in the 16th century in the "watch hut"
The tower could have received the name and purpose, there was a guard post here.
Today, the tower houses the guardhouse of Post No. 1.

According to one version, it got its name in honor of the founder Ivan III
According to another version, in honor of the Church of John the Baptist
It was the main tower of the piedmont part of the Kremlin
The entrance gate was located here, through which in 1612 the Nizhny Novgorod militia went to liberate Moscow from the Poles

named after the white-stone cladding of the lower part of the outer facade.
The later name of the XVII-XVIII century - Simeonovskaya, according to the Simeonovsky monastery, which was located next to it inside the Kremlin.

named after the nearby Zachatievsky Monastery.
Sometimes referred to as the Zhivonosnovskaya Tower (according to the church and monastery in honor of the Life-Giving Spring)
White (by analogy with the neighboring one). Two-tiered square tower with gates. Destroyed by a landslide in the 18th century, restored in 2012.

1. The glorious past of the Nizhny Novgorod land: a book for extracurricular reading on the history of the Nizhny Novgorod region / comp. And scientific ed. F. Seleznev. Nizhny Novgorod: DECOM, 2013.
2. Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin http://poznamka.com.tw/?p=8794
3. Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin - a stone necklace of the city http://www.putidorogi-nn.ru/100-chudes-sveta/151-nizhegorodskiy-kreml
4. Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin: history and sights http://anashina.com/nizhegorodskij-kreml/

1 of 13

Presentation on the topic:

slide number 1

Description of the slide:

slide number 2

Description of the slide:

The ensemble of the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin resembles “a stone necklace thrown over the slopes of the Dyatlov Mountains.” At the confluence of the Volga and Oka rivers, on top of a mountainous cape, the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin is located. Built in the 16th century. he was one of the main points of defense of young Russia, first from the Golden Horde, and then from the Kazan Khanate. It was also here that the people's militia was assembled under the leadership of Minin and Pozharsky. He played an important role in the formation Russian state, Nizhny Novgorod and currently one of the largest cities in Russia, and its heart - the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin - is the administrative center of the city and region.

slide number 3

Description of the slide:

slide number 4

Description of the slide:

The beginning of the construction of a stone fortress The first attempt to replace a wooden fortress with a stone Kremlin dates back to 1374, the era of the Nizhny Novgorod-Suzdal Grand Duchy (1341-1392). Under the year 1372, the Nikon Chronicle reports: “The same summer, Prince Dmitry Konstantinovich of Suzdal and Novgorod Nizhny lay Novgorod the Nizhny Kamen.” This message is supplemented by the Nizhny Novgorod chronicler: "Grand Duke Dmitry Konstantinovich in the Nizhny New Town ordered to make a stone city wall and the Dmitriev Gates were conceived." In the summer of the same year, the construction of the stone Dmitrievsky Gates began. Their construction was completed by 1374.

slide number 5

Description of the slide:

The emergence of the idea of building a stone Kremlin in Nizhny Novgorod, apparently, dates back to the 15th century. It is known that as early as 1482, the builder of the Moscow Kremlin, the famous architect Aristotle Fioravanti, visited Nizhny Novgorod. He escorted artillery sent to Nizhny Novgorod to take part in the battles against Kazan, and then returned to Moscow. It is quite possible that it was at this time that the initial outlines for the construction of the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin were born. Under Ivan III, Nizhny Novgorod played the role of a guard city, having a permanent army and serving as a military gathering place during Moscow's actions against Kazan. In order to strengthen the defense of the city, work on the fortress walls begins again. According to the Solikamsk chronicle: "September 1500, 1 day, the Tver tower was laid in Novgorod." (we are talking about the modern Ivanovskaya or Kladovaya tower).

slide number 6

Description of the slide:

The Nizhny Novgorod chronicle notes the construction of the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin under 1509: “In the summer of 7017 (1509), the tsar and grand duke Vasily Ioannovich sent Peter Fryazin to Nizhny Novgorod and ordered to dig a moat, where to be a city stone wall.” Work on the construction of the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin began in the spring - summer of 1509, and on September 1 of the same year, the builders began stone work. The construction of the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin is associated with a well-known legend about the beautiful Alena, immured together with buckets and a yoke under the base of the Rocker Tower.

slide number 7

Description of the slide:

The builders of the KremlinThe leader of the construction of the lower part of the Nizhny Novgorod stone fortifications was an Italian master, sent by order of the Grand Duke from Moscow, and known from Russian sources as Pietro Francesco "Peter Frenchyushko Fryazin". There is an assumption that Pyotr Fryazin could be the architect Pyotr Anthony Solari or Pyotr Antony Fryazin, who built a number of towers of the Moscow Kremlin in 1490-91. It should be noted that the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin is very close to the Moscow Kremlin in terms of planning principles, the presence of a bridgehead and a number of other features. Petr Fryazin can rightfully be considered a first-class specialist. Studies have shown that the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin was built at the level of the highest world fortification achievements of its time. Direct work was carried out, most likely, by an artel of Pskov masons, transferred to Nizhny Novgorod.

slide number 8

Description of the slide:

Builders of the KremlinTo participate in the construction of the Kremlin - "for the city business", as they said in the old days, it was attracted a large number of residents of the city and region. Information about the number of people involved in the construction of the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin has not been preserved. Usually, one worker from 3-4 yards and a horse cart with a worker from 6-7 yards were involved "for the city business". During the entire period of construction, the maintenance of workers and the supply went at the expense of those from whom they were sent.

slide number 9

Description of the slide:

Construction Works The construction of the Kremlin began with the laying of a huge trench-pit for the foundations of future walls and towers in the upland part. Work was in full swing from dawn to dusk. Dozens of ships carried lime along the Oka, which was fired at the mining site. Hundreds of carts crawled along the steep slopes of the Kremlin mountain - they brought brick, sand, lime and water to the construction site. The smoke of numerous brick factories covered the surroundings of the city: at the factories, millions of pieces of large “large-sized” bricks were made, dried and fired manually, “under the bast shoes”. The masonry was carried out in the old "cross" way, which is very reliable, but is not used now because of its laboriousness. With this method, each brick lying along the length has a brick above and below it, located end to face of the masonry. The front surface of the masonry was made "in grout" - without grooves in the seams - as a result of which the wall became completely smooth.

Description of the slide:

Appointment of the Nizhny Novgorod KremlinThe two-kilometer wall was reinforced by 13 towers (one of them - Zachatskaya - near the banks of the Volga, was not preserved). "Stone City" had a permanent garrison and a solid artillery armament. The new Volga fortress was created by the Muscovite state as the main stronghold against the Kazan Khanate. The city was subjected to frequent attacks by Kazanians (1521, 1536, 1537, 1540, 1542, 1545). However, the city's defense system was so powerful and perfect that Kazan citizens never managed to break into the Kremlin. and for her military service withstood repeated sieges and attacks. And not once in all this time has the enemy been able to take possession of it.

slide number 12

Description of the slide:

slide 1

Towers of the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin

slide 2

The Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin is a medieval defensive structure on a flat top and the northwestern slopes of the Chasovaya Mountain in Nizhny Novgorod, the area of the Kremlin is 22.7 hectares, the perimeter is 2045 m, the height of the walls is from 12 to 15 m, the thickness is from 3.5 to 4, 5 m, number of towers - 11, height from 12 to 15 m. Names of towers (clockwise); Dmitrievskaya or Dmitrovskaya (main) - named after the Nizhny Novgorod Grand Duke Dmitry Konstantinovich (XIV century), Kladovaya - served as a warehouse, Nikolskaya - next to the Nikolskaya Posad Church (now defunct), Koromyslov - after the legendary girl allegedly buried under it with rocker, Taynitskaya - along a secret underground passage from it to the river. Pochaina (otherwise - Pochaga), Severnaya, or Ilyinskaya - according to its northern position relative to other Kremlin towers and next to the township church of Elijah the Prophet, Clockwork - according to the churches installed on it in the 16th century. hours. Ivanovskaya - next to the Posad Church of St. John the Baptist (now defunct), Belaya - along the white-stone lining of the lower part of the outer facade, Georgievskaya - next to the Posad St. George's Church (now defunct), Powder - due to its purpose for storing gunpowder and other ammunition .

slide 3

Plan of the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin

slide 4

Cathedral of the Archangel
Located in the center of the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin. When the city was founded in 1221, a wooden church was built in it, which in 1227 was replaced by the stone building of the Archangel Michael Cathedral. In 1359 it was overhauled and played the role of a church at the mansions of the Grand Duke. Now from this time only separate fragments have been preserved, found under the floor and next to the Archangel Cathedral during archaeological excavations in 1960.

slide 5

Dmitrievskaya tower

slide 6

Slide 7

pantry tower

Slide 8

The pantry tower is the second in terms of age. According to the chronicle, it was founded in 1500. Under the name Tverskaya, on the old plans, in place of the Storeroom, there is a tower designated as Tverskaya. This name comes, most likely, from the word firmament - a fortification, a strong place, a fortress. Pantry. Under the stone vaults of the tower, at different times, squeaks were also kept, i.e. fortress guns, which were located in the fence (behind the fence), and the core, and cannon supplies. There were also tools of masons, the so-called "tackle of urban affairs", and documents of the Nizhny Novgorod Scientific Archival Commission ...

Slide 9

Nikolskaya tower

Slide 10

slide 11

Koromyslov tower

slide 12

The Koromyslov Tower is round, located on a sharp turn of the Kremlin wall above the intersection of the Zelensky congress ("pipe") with the Pochainsky ravine. Yes, and the tower itself with adjoining whorls resembles, when viewed from the opposite bank of the Pochainsky ravine, a strong young woman with yokes on her shoulders. Isn't that why the tower is called Koromyslova. A distinctive feature of the Koromyslovaya Tower is that it is completely, including the interior, made of white stone. In terms of the preservation of its original appearance, it is the best among all the round towers of the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin. In the 18th and 19th centuries, the tower housed an archive (until 1886) and then various warehouses.

slide 13

Taynitskaya tower

Slide 14

The round Taynitskaya tower is located above the slope of the Pochainsky ravine, along the bottom of which the Pochaina River flowed, now enclosed in a collector. The tower got its name from the underground passage - a hiding place that led from it down the slope to Pochaina. The remains of the cache were discovered and destroyed in the 80s of the XIX century during the work on the improvement of the Zelensky Congress. In the 17th century, the tower was armed with one copper pishchal. In the 18th and 19th centuries, it was used as storage facilities. From 1893 to 1917 it housed the archive. The height of the Tainitskaya tower in the place with a roof and a watchtower is 30 m.

The Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin is a fortress in Nizhny Novgorod, the historical center of the city, a stone belt covering the top of a mountainous cape and lying on ledges. Presentation on the theme "Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin" Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin template for presentation

Slides captions: