Educator. In the lessons of the heading “Where danger lies in wait for us”, we begin our acquaintance with the “fire safety rules”. Ivan Tsarevich from the animated film "Ivan Tsarevich and the Gray Wolf" came to visit us today.

Safety rules In the pre-spring period REMINDER to the student, pupil on personal security measures in the spring

1. Do not walk under the roofs of buildings from which icicles hang or snow may fall.

2. When spring comes, do not rush to take off your hat - spring weather can be insidious, and a warm wind can be deceptive.

3. Wear comfortable, waterproof shoes with non-slip soles - it is very slippery in spring.

4. Remember that viruses spread faster in warm and humid weather than in frost - use oxolinic ointment and other preventive measures. Carry a mask in the pocket of your bag, which can be used in a room where a person is sneezing or coughing.

And also…

• Be very careful on the road, cross it only at a pedestrian crossing and only when you see that the car slows down to let you pass. Be polite to drivers.
• Pay attention to stray animals, if possible, bypass them, in the spring the instincts of animals become aggravated.
• Always be careful when dealing with strangers, never leave with a stranger. Do not advertise the presence of a phone, expensive jewelry.
• Be careful while walking by the river! Remember that spring is the most dangerous time on the river! Do not cross the river, pond, lake on ice in spring. Pay close attention to special signs. Remember, the current of the river strongly washes away the steep banks. Crashes are possible. Beware of admiring the spring ice drift from steep banks. In the spring it is dangerous to approach dams and ponds. Since they can be unexpectedly torn off by the pressure of ice. Do not, under any circumstances, approach ice jams.

• There is, perhaps, no person who would not rejoice at the awakening of nature, the spring singing of birds, the gentle spring sun. “All ice lives up to heat,” says the proverb. However, spring is not always a joy for those who do not follow the rules of behavior on the water during the flood and when the ice is fragile. Ice drift is a very fascinating sight that attracts many people. The flood period requires us to be orderly, careful and follow the rules of safe behavior on ice and water.

• Ice on the rivers during the spring flood becomes loose, "eaten" from above by the sun, melt water, and from below it is undermined by the current. It is very dangerous to walk on it: at any moment it can crumble under your feet and close over your head, although outwardly it looks strong. This ice is not able to support the weight of a person.
• Therefore, you should remember:
• - on the spring ice easy to fail;
• - the fastest process of ice decay occurs near the coast;
• - spring ice, covered with snow, quickly turns into a loose mass.

• - go out to the reservoirs in the spring;
• - cross the river during the ice drift;
• - come close to the river in places of ice jam,
• - stand on a steep bank that is subject to flooding and collapse;
• - approach ice jams,
• - push ice floes off the coast,
• - measure the depth of a river or any body of water,
• - walk on ice floes and ride them

• Do not go out on the ice during the spring flood.
• Don't put your life in danger

• Beware of icicles and snow falling from the roofs!
• In connection with warming, there is a possibility of snow masses and ice coming off the roofs of houses.
• Warming leads to the fact that the compacted snow cover under the influence of humidity becomes three times heavier.

• Remember: most often, icicles form over gutters, so these places on the facades of houses are especially dangerous. They need to be bypassed.
• Be careful and, if possible, stay away from the walls of buildings.
• If you hear a suspicious noise upstairs, you can’t stop, raise your head and consider what happened there. Perhaps this is the melting of snow or ice blocks. You can't run away from the building either. It is necessary to press against the wall as quickly as possible, the roof peak will serve as a shelter.
• Always pay attention to the fenced sections of sidewalks and never go into dangerous areas.
• To avoid injuries, parents need to teach their children to follow the rules for staying near residential buildings and buildings, buildings and structures from snow in order to prevent the formation of ice.

Spring ice is very different from autumn and winter ice. If autumn and winter ice begins to crack under the weight of a person, warning of danger, then spring ice does not crack, but collapses, turning into ice slurry. spring ice differs sharply from autumn and winter ice. If autumn and winter ice begins to crack under the weight of a person, warning of danger, then spring ice does not crack, but collapses, turning into ice slurry.

The snow that fell this winter leaves no reason to doubt that the flood in 2014 will be the most abundant in the past few years. This does not mean that disasters and catastrophes should be expected. But it is necessary to prepare for the maximum rise in the water level in rivers, lakes, ponds

What to do if a flood is coming? dress, take documents, necessary things, a small supply of food (for 3 days), drinking water, medicines, personal hygiene products, flashlight; dress, take documents, necessary things, a small supply of food (for 3 days), drinking water, medicines, personal hygiene products, a flashlight;

What to do if a flood is coming? tightly close windows, doors, attic hatches and ventilation openings, seal the window glass, protect it with shields, boards. tightly close windows, doors, attic hatches and ventilation openings, seal the window glass, protect it with shields, boards.

How to act in a flash flood zone? until help arrives, stay on the upper floors, roofs, trees or other elevations, signal to the rescuers so that they can quickly find you; until help arrives, stay on the upper floors, roofs, trees or other elevations, signal to the rescuers so that they can quickly find you;

How to act in a flash flood zone? once in the water, take off your heavy clothes, shoes and, using floating objects, swim to the shore, but not against the current; once in the water, take off your heavy clothes, shoes and, using floating objects, swim to the shore, but not against the current;

How to act after a natural disaster? make sure your home has not been damaged. Be very careful, a sudden collapse may occur; make sure your home has not been damaged. Be very careful, a sudden collapse may occur;

How to act after a natural disaster? do not use open flames, lighting, heaters, gas stoves and do not turn them on until you are sure that there is no gas leak. do not use open flames, lighting, heaters, gas stoves and do not turn them on until you are sure that there is no gas leak.

Goals:

To acquaint children with the rules of fire safety;

Prevent children from playing with fire.

Tasks:

To teach children to quickly assess a dangerous situation, make the best decision to overcome it;

Build a sense of self-preservation;

Promote the work of firefighters;

To acquaint children with the history of the fire service in Russia and the Kuban;

Encourage children to take care of personal and public property.

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STATE BUDGET EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION FOR CHILDREN,

IN NEED OF PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL AND MEDICAL AND SOCIAL ASSISTANCE

DIAGNOSIS AND CONSULTING CENTER SIZRAN

(department of individual education)

Lesson presentation

on the basics of fire safety on the topic:

"Fire safety.

Rescue Service 01"

Prepared by: primary school teacher

Mitroshina Marina Vladimirovna

Syzran 2013

Lesson plan:

I. Introduction

1. Organizational moment

II. Main part

1. Fire is a longtime friend of man

2. Evil fire

3. Causes of fires

4. Why is fire dangerous?

8. Fires in the Kuban

III. Lesson summary

1. Actions in case of fire

IV. Practical part

Goals:

To acquaint children with the rules of fire safety;

Prevent children from playing with fire.

Tasks:

To teach children to quickly assess a dangerous situation, make the best decision to overcome it;

Build a sense of self-preservation;

Promote the work of firefighters;

To acquaint children with the history of the fire service in Russia and the Kuban;

Encourage children to take care of personal and public property.

Equipment:

TSO: computer, interactive board, projector;

Exhibition of books on the topic of the lesson.

Benefits:

Presentation (Annex 1);

Reminders for students (Appendix 2).

During the classes

I. Introduction

1. Organizational moment

2. Message of the topic and purpose of the lesson

slide 1

We must firmly remember -

Fire does not start by itself!

Vladimir Mayakovsky

Today we will talk about a very important and relevant topic for all of us.

Guess the riddle:

“The red beast is sitting in the oven, the red beast is angry at everyone. He eats firewood out of anger, for an hour, maybe two. You don’t touch him with your hand, he bites the whole palm. ”

(the fire)

Formulate the topic of the lesson.

We will get acquainted with the basics of fire safety, the causes of fires, learn how to follow fire safety rules and act correctly in case of a fire.

II. Main part

1. Fire is man's best friend

slide 2

Fire is man's best friend. It does a lot of good things with it.

2. Evil fire

slide 3

But sometimes it happens that fire turns from a true friend into a merciless enemy, destroying everything in its path.

The power of fire is great - very great. It takes millions of human lives, wipes out both big cities and small villages. Today, about five and a half million fires occur on our planet every year. Every 5 seconds - a new fire. Businesses and hospitals, trains and planes, forests, fields and houses are burning. And the result is huge losses. And most importantly, tens of thousands of human victims, including children.

3. Causes of fires

slide4

Often people get hurt in a fire, so they call an ambulance. Doctors examine patients on the spot or immediately take them to the hospital.

slide 5

Guess the riddle: Oh, these little sisters are dangerous ... (matches)

Let's look at an excerpt from Aunt Owl's Lessons. slide 6.

Slide 7

Do not play, my friend, with a match,

Remember, she is small

But from a small match

The house might burn down.

To younger brothers and sisters,

Preschoolers are told:

“Remember well that matches

Not a toy for kids!”

(B. Mirotvortsev)

4. Why is fire dangerous?

Slide 8

What can be called one of the most terrible and dangerous disasters?
- How dangerous is a fire?
- What causes a fire?

Let's define fire safety rules:

• Do not play around with matches and lighters at home.
• When leaving a room or house, do not forget to turn off electrical appliances.
• Do not dry laundry over the stove.
• In no case do not light fireworks, candles or sparklers at home (and in general it is better to do this only with adults).

You brought books about the fire today. Let's take a look at our exhibition. Name literary works on our topic. (browsing books)

5. Description of fires in literary works

Slide 9

From what works are the following lines taken?

The sea is on fire

A whale ran out of the sea

Hey firefighters, run!

Help, help!

Korney Chukovsky

CONFUSION

Slide 10

With crackling, clicking and thunder.

There was a fire over the new house,

Looks around,

Waving red sleeve.

Samuil Marshak

CAT HOUSE

6. Physical game: "Fire safety rules"

slide 11
We say in chorus where we are talking about you:
"It's me, it's me, it's all my friends!"

Who, smelling the smell of burning,

Reporting a fire?

Which of you, smelling the smoke,

Which one of you is naughty with fire

Morning, evening and afternoon?

Who, smelling gas in the apartment,

Call on "04"?

Who doesn't light fires

And others do not allow?

7. Rules of conduct in case of fire

slide 12

What if the fire did break out?

Here are the rules of conduct in case of fire.

• If the fire is small, you can try to immediately put it out by throwing a thick cloth over it, a blanket, or pouring a pot of water. BUT REMEMBER: DO NOT use water to extinguish electrical appliances, as well as gasoline, kerosene and oil.
• If the fire does not immediately go out, immediately run away from home to a safe place. And only after that call the fire department onIf you cannot escape from a burning apartment, immediately call 01 and tell the firefighters the exact address and number of your apartment. After that, call neighbors and passers-by for help from the window.

Sweet13

• In a fire, smoke is much more dangerous than fire. Most people die from smoke in a fire. If you feel like you are out of breath, squat down or crawl towards the exit - there is less smoke below. If possible, breathe through a wet cloth.
• In the event of a fire at the entrance, never take the elevator. It might turn off and you'll suffocate.
• phone "01" or ask the neighbors about it.

Every citizen knows this number "01".
If a to you will come in trouble - call soon there.
And if there is no phone - call people from the balcony.

Where else, besides the premises, can a fire occur?

8. Fires in the Kuban

Slide 14

Summer and autumn fires in the fields destroy the results hard work grain growers

9. History of the fire service in Russia and the Kuban

slide 15

When a fire breaks out, firefighters come to the rescue. Firefighters are dressed in special fireproof suits, and a helmet protects their heads. They arrive in a special fire truck, which is equipped with a high ladder, a water tank and a hose.

slide 16

The work of people who have chosen the profession of a firefighter is dangerous and difficult. Firefighters have been heroes at all times. They have always been distinguished by love for their profession, courage, dedication, readiness to help.

Slide 17

While waiting for the arrival of firefighters, try to remain calm: you will definitely be rescued.

Slide 18

Fire service in Russia

On April 17 (according to the new style - April 30), 1649, Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich signed a decree "On the City Deanery", which laid the foundation for the creation of the first Russian fire service. The document established a strict procedure for extinguishing fires in Moscow, laid the foundations for professional fire protection, introduced constant duty, and fire patrols were given the right to punish residents of the capital for violations of the rules for handling fire.

Slide 19

fire towers

Fire towers in Russian cities were actively built from the beginning of the 19th century, after the decree of Alexander I was issued “On the addition of duties from the inhabitants of Moscow to appoint firemen and on the establishment of a fire brigade in it” (May 31, 1804). As a rule, towers crowned two or three-story buildings of police stations, in which fire departments were organized. In addition to sentinel service, towers were used for signaling - leather signal balls hung on the tower during the day or lanterns at night notified neighboring fire departments of the size and location of the fire.

Slide 20

The fire brigade in Yekaterinodar was established on May 30, 1825.
There is a fire department in our city.

slide 21

Today, the State Fire Service (SFS) is a powerful operational service as part of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, with qualified personnel and modern equipment.

10. Consolidation of educational material

In order to consolidate the educational material, let's look at an excerpt from "Aunt Owl's Lessons" and answer questions.

Slides 22-28

1. What is the telephone number for reporting a fire?
2. What must be hung on the wall at school?

Pictures with drawings on the topic of fire;

Evacuation plan;

Portraits of firefighters;

Carpets.

1. Which of these items is missing from the fire shield?

Scrap;

Gaff;

Fire extinguisher;

Rake.

1. What to do if a fire starts?

• roar;
• call "01";
• close in the closet;
• run away.

1. What should I do if the fat in the pan catches fire while cooking on a gas stove?

Fill the pan with water;

Take her out of the kitchen;

Turn off the gas, cover the pan with a lid;

Run away.

1. What to do if smoke comes out of the TV?

Fill the TV with water;

Pull the plug from the socket and throw a damp blanket over the TV;

Run away to another room.

III. Lesson summary

Now the bell will ring from class. And we will imagine that 3 bells rang. What does it mean?

1 student

Three calls are flying around the school,

Quickly arguing with a bird.

Place of construction

We know without a doubt!

2 student

And the paths of movement too -

Training will help us!

If something suddenly happens

It should all work out.

3 student

Since in the exercises

This is not entertainment!

This is not the time to play hide-and-seek

4 student

Drop all things and notebooks -

Suddenly a dangerous turn?

After all, it is about life.

IV. Practical part

Slide 29

Steps to take in the event of a school fire:

• line up in pairs;
• follow the teacher
• do not panic yourself and calm your comrades;
• wait on the school grounds for further instructions from the teacher.

At the end of the lesson, leave the classroom and follow the evacuation path from the school in case of fire.Children receive memos and leave the classroom along the evacuation route.

HOW TO BE AFTER A FIRE

To save the life of himself and his loved ones, each person must know

basic rules of conduct in case of fire:

1. If you smell smoke, call immediately 01 .

2. If possible, leave the premises by closing windows and doors; if not, go to the balcony, or stand near the window.

3. If the fire is small, try to deal with it yourself: water, sand, a fire extinguisher, any dense cloth, soil from flower pots.

4. With a little smoke in the entrance, move to the exit on all fours, crawling, holding on to the walls, while, if possible, cover your respiratory organs with a cloth, if not, hold your breath for as long as possible.

VERY DANGEROUS, so DO NOT:

1. Go out into a heavily smoky corridor, entrance, because the smoke is very toxic, and hot air can burn the lungs.

2. Break and open windows in a burning room, because. with access to fresh air, the fire will flare up even more.

3. Use the elevator during a fire.

4. Go down the flight of stairs, hold on to the railing - they often lead to a dead end.

5. Jump from windows. Every second jump from 3 floors and above is fatal.

6. Pass through a burning room, if you are not sure that you can slip through it in a few seconds.

REMEMBER!

Fire is a friend

Fire is the enemy

LESSON TOPIC: Fire safety

Careless handling of fire - matches, fire; Violation of fire safety rules during the operation of furnaces; Domestic gas leakage; Careless handling of pyrotechnic products (crackers, firecrackers, sparklers, fireworks, etc.)

Do not indulge at home with matches, lighters. This is one of the causes of fires. Do not leave unattended electrical appliances turned on, especially irons, heaters, TVs, lamps, etc. When leaving home, do not forget to turn them off.

Don't forget to turn off the gas stove. If you smell gas, do not light matches or turn on the lights. Ventilate the apartment immediately. Do not dry laundry over the stove. It may catch fire. Light fireworks, candles, sparklers away from the Christmas tree, preferably outside the house.

Never touch the metal parts of the oven with bare hands. You may receive a serious burn. Do not touch the stove damper without the permission of adults. If it is closed prematurely, carbon monoxide will accumulate in the house, and you can suffocate. Do not open the oven door. A hot ember or spark can jump out from there and cause a fire.

P Y Z M I N U T K A

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Questions: 1. Shines, but burns. 2 and 3. Means of extinguishing fire. 4. An appliance that, if left switched on, could cause a fire. 5. How water is supplied in case of fire. 6. The signal emitted by the fire truck. 7. Where do they get water to extinguish the fire. 8. The main means for fighting fire. Flame Foam Sand Iron Hose Siren