Municipal educational institution

middle School of General education

S. Susanino

creative project

Done by: 5th grade student

Nikiforova Yana

Leader: technology teacher

Gorina O.A.

Introduction……………………………………………………………………………….3

Chapter 1 Organizational and preparatory stage…………………………………5

1.1. Justification for the choice of the project……………………………………………………...5

1.2. Justifications for the choice of model……………………………………………………….5

1.3. Justification for the choice of material …………………………...................................................6

1.5. Conclusion on the first chapter………………………………………………………………6

Chapter 2. Manufacturing technology of the product…………………………………………… 7

2.1. Designing an apron on a belt……………………………………………..7

2.2. Technological sequence of sewing an apron………………………8

2.3. Tools and fixtures………………………………………………...10

2.4. Safety precautions…………………………………………………………….12

2.5. Conclusion on the second chapter……………………………………………………………….13

Chapter 3 Economic justification project………………………………………14

3.1. Cost calculation…………………………………………………………….14

3.2.Economic assessment……………………………………………………………….14

Chapter 4 Environmental assessment project……………………………………………………15

Project introspection ………………………………………………………………… .15

List of used literature………………………………………………….. 16

Appendix

Introduction

An apron (or apron) is a widespread and almost unchanged part of clothing from ancient times to the present day. Its history begins with ancient egypt. Already in the early period of the existence of this country, men, consisting of public service, and used primitive drapery. It was attached in front to a belt, which was a narrow strip of leather or connected (woven) reed stems. (Appendix 1. Fig. 1.)

Over time, the apron has become a ubiquitous type of clothing. It was a piece of fabric, the middle part of which, gathered into folds, was applied to the body from the front, the rest was wrapped around the body and fastened with a free end tucked into the middle part. The apron was held with a belt. The middle part of it had a trapezoid, triangular or fan-shaped shape.

This piece of clothing played a very important role in the ceremonial attire of the rulers, as evidenced by numerous monuments.

The apron was also part of the clothing of other ancient Eastern peoples. So, for example, it was widespread in Western Asia.

And it is also known that in ancient Greece, men at first also wore an apron tied around their hips, and over it they put on horseradish (a large woolen scarf). Later, the apron was tied over the chiton. (Appendix 1. Fig. 2.)

The apron was a characteristic accessory of men's clothing among the Etruscans. In appearance, it resembled Cretan, but it was worn over a blouse with sleeves. And among the Romans, the apron is known only as part of the clothing of the priests, soldiers of some auxiliary types of troops and gladiators. ( Appendix 1. Fig.3.)

Since the Middle Ages, the apron has become an almost permanent accessory to work clothes. Casual dress during work should be covered with something. The apron was worn by blacksmiths, shoemakers, cooks... Workshop craftsmen considered the apron an integral part of their professional clothing.

The women's apron eventually became the accessory of a married woman's toilet. In the XVI century. two aprons made up a skirt. He also adorned the wives of eminent citizens. The apron periodically comes into fashion among the upper strata of the population. French women during the reign of Louis XIV (1660-1710) at home and on a walk tied a small apron with a rich trim around the edge. Following the example of the city nobility, peasant girls began to embroider and decorate their aprons in every possible way. Cunning for fiction, European fashion invented several types of aprons for different occasions. So, for example, a self-respecting European woman, when she went to the table, was obliged to cover her dress with a large napkin. So there was a special apron - table (from the French word "table"). (Appendix 1. Fig. 4.)

Another type of apron with a similar name is the tablion, but completely different in purpose. This is an apron for special occasions, sewn to the front and back of the cloak. Over time, the apron became part of the festive folk costume.

(Appendix 1. Fig. 5.)

In Moldavia hallmark folk clothes were two aprons, covering the body in front and behind, not converging on the sides, with a rich color pattern.

The traditional Russian apron was made of checkered homespun fabric with trimmed edges and red ties. In the North, the apron was embroidered and could have sleeves. (Appendix 1. Fig. 6.)

An apron of the late 19th century is interesting. from the city of Kargopol, Olonets province. The intricate patterns embroidered on it are nothing but ancient agricultural calendars. Six petals and six sprouts of the circle designate 12 months, and the conditional icons outside are the most important milestones of the annual circle of field work. Similar calendars were also embroidered on the hem of shirts and towels. You can understand how they valued these things, carefully passing them from generation to generation by inheritance. It is characteristic that in some regions of Russia (for example, in Transbaikalia), the traditional apron was preserved as part of the festive attire until the middle of the last century. (Appendix 1. Fig. 7.)

During the First World War, the apron proved to be an indispensable part of clothing. (Appendix 1. Fig. 8.)

Many women had to do men's work: they became road workers, mechanics, and so on. At this time, the "maid's clothes" apron turns into a work women's clothing. Perhaps, it was from this time that it ceased to exist as a purely decorative element and became an accessory for household clothing for work at home, as well as industrial clothing.

However, nowadays the apron is gradually losing this function. To protect against harmful production factors new special clothing is being developed - these are dressing gowns and overalls. The apron also disappears from the wardrobe of housewives. (Appendix 1. Fig.9-12)

I. Organizational and preparatory stage

1.1 Rationale for project selection

In every house there is a room in which the whole family gathers every day - this is the kitchen. For a long time, people are in the kitchen when preparing food. When cooking, you can stain your clothes. An apron is needed to keep clothes clean. Therefore, it is in every home. Mom has an apron, but I don’t have one yet, so I decided to sew it myself.

The main thing in an apron for the kitchen is that it is not only beautiful, but also comfortable, functional, so as not to interfere with movements.

It is necessary to sew an apron correctly and accurately, and in the future to learn how to sew other clothes.

Knowledge of the subjects of the Russian language, mathematics, drawing, computer science, technology will help me to correctly fulfill my goal: to complete the project "Production of a garment" Apron on a belt ". In the process, I will use additional books on making an apron. The apron is subject to hygienic, operational and aesthetic requirements.

1. Hygienic requirements: a) protection from mechanical damage; b) creating a favorable microclimate; (they determine the convenience, the degree of adaptability of the apron to a person at rest and during movement, microclimate conditions and the state of the nervous system).

2. Operational requirements: a) preservation of the shape of the product; b) ease of use; c) must be well washed and retain its appearance; (reliability indicators determine the degree of stability of maintaining the quality of the apron during operation).

3. Aesthetic requirements: a) harmonious combination with interior items; b) education of aesthetic taste; c) compliance with the direction of fashion; d) the product must be beautiful, decorative, decorated and neatly executed, (defined as a person's need for beauty and creativity according to the laws of beauty.

In order to sew an apron you will need: fabric, thread, scissors, a needle and a sewing machine.

In the course of the project work, I set myself the following tasks:

Learn what an apron is;

Find out when the first aprons appeared, what they were before;

Research fabrics for tailoring an apron;

Describe the process of making an apron;

Sew a neat apron.

1.2. Rationale for the choice of model

For the manufacture of an apron, various models were developed, areas of application were studied, sketches of models were developed (Appendix 2)

Of all the ideas, I chose model number 4. Because it is more practical for working in the kitchen. This apron has a roomy pocket. To make an apron of this model, a minimum amount of fabric and time is required. It will be sewn from cotton fabric, it does not have frills and lace. (Appendix 3.)

1.3 Rationale for the choice of materials

For the apron, I chose cotton fabric - chintz. This fabric has a beautiful appearance at a low cost. Good hygienic properties of this fabric (high hygroscopicity, medium dust capacity) provide a person with comfort in such clothes. In addition, chintz is quite durable and does not require any special conditions when washing. And the good technological properties of cotton fabrics (medium fraying, low slip, medium shrinkage) allow even a novice seamstress to sew neat and beautiful things.

The disadvantages of this fabric include strong wrinkling, low abrasion resistance, which leads to the fact that the fabrics lose their beautiful appearance when worn.

Fabric consumption: with a fabric width of 80 cm, 60 cm of printed cotton fabric will be required. (Appendix 4.)

As a decorative design, I cut out a light belt and a pocket with a dark stripe.

1.5. Conclusions on the first chapter

The kitchen apron will not only protect my clothes from stains, it will give the kitchen, in which I will prepare treats for the family, a warm and cozy look. Aprons are very different - with and without a bib, with pockets, simple and decorated with lace or embroidery. It all depends on the imagination of the creator.

Chapter 2. Product manufacturing technology

2.1. Designing an apron on a belt according to your own standards

Making an apron pattern, according to the developed technological map

(Annex 5)

Calculation according to my measurements

Building

Waistline

Draw a right angle at point T

bottom line

From the point T down, set aside the value of the measurement D and and put the point H

Apron width

Sat: 2+6= 29 cm

From points T and H, set aside the resulting value to the left. Set points T 1 and H 1

Location of the pocket

Constant

1. Set aside 6 cm from point H down and put point K.

2. draw a horizontal line from point K down.

3. from point K to the left set aside 7 cm and put point K 1

4. from point K1 down and to the left, set aside 15 cm and put points K 2 and K 3.

5. connect points K 1 and K 2 with a straight line.

6. from point K 2 to the left and from point K 3 down, set aside 15 cm and put K 4

Construct a square K1 K 2 K 4 K 3

The width of the belt

Set aside 6 cm from the point P upwards. Put a point P 1

Belt length

C t x 2 + 20=93 cm

Set aside 80 cm from point P1 to the right. Construct a rectangle P P 1 P 2 P 3

2.2. Manufacturing technology

Open the apron.

Before cutting the details, you need to check whether the fabric is shedding,

determine the lobar thread, the presence of weaving defects.

Technological sequence of sewing an apron (Appendix 6, 7)

Preparing cut details for basting

Image

Lay copy stitches along the side line and hem line of the main part of the apron

Transfer the location of the pocket to the other side of the part using copy stitches

Remove pins. Move the part so that the threads of the stitches are taut, cut them in the middle between the two cuts of the part

Mark with a chalk line the middle of the apron on the wrong side of the part

Lay straight running stitches along the middle line of the apron. Stitch length - 15-20 mm

Draw copy stitches along the side line, the hem line of the bottom of the pocket and along the fold line of the top allowance

Spread the pocket part so that the threads of the stitches are taut, and cut them in the middle between the two cuts of the part

On the wrong side of the pocket, mark with chalk the line of the middle of the pocket and lay straight running stitches along it. Stitch length - 10-15 mm

Patch pocket processing

Work sequence

Image

Bend the allowance for processing the upper edge of the pocket along the marked line to the front side and iron

Tuck in the top seam allowance by 1 cm and iron

Sweep and turn the corners of the pocket to the size of the allowance along the side cuts of the pocket along the laid snares

Remove the threads of the running stitch, turn the processed allowance of the upper edge of the pocket to the wrong side, straighten the corners of the pocket with a peg

Baste and stitch the folded edge of the pocket at a distance of 2 mm from the edge

Remove the note stitch threads, iron the top edge of the pocket

Sweep the bottom and side cuts of the pocket along the marked lines

Iron the pocket from the wrong side

Connecting the pocket to the main part of the apron

Work sequence

Image

Put the finished pocket on the main part of the apron along the laid copy lines, aligning the line of the middle of the apron with the line of the middle of the pocket. Pin pocket with pins

Baste pocket, remove pins

Sew the pocket onto the main piece with a finishing stitch at a distance of 2 mm from the edge. Machine backtack at the beginning and end of the finishing stitch

Remove temporary threads, iron pocket

On the upper cut of the apron, perform t machine assemblies. Assemblies are used as a way to create a shape for the bulge of the abdomen and as a finish for the product.

Processing the upper cut of the apron with a stitched belt

Work sequence

Image

Lay the belt on the front side of the main part of the apron, aligning the middle of the belt with the middle of the upper cut of the apron. Pin one section of the belt with pins

Baste one section of the belt from the side of the main part of the apron at a distance of 8 mm from the sections. Remove the pins and stitch from the side of the belt along the marked line. Delete temporary threads

Fold the waistband and seam allowances up. Bend the second section of the belt to the wrong side by 8 mm and sweep, closing the stitching seam by 2 mm

Lay a machine line from the front side of the apron into the seam of attaching the belt. Remove the note stitch threads and iron the waistband

Iron the product

2.3.Tools and fixtures

For the manufacture of my product, I need equipment, with the help of which I achieved the result, i.e. sewed an apron this:

1. Sewing machine

2. Ironing board, iron with steam humidifier, iron.

3. Cotton threads No. 45 for machine work, No. 50-60 - for estimating work.

4. Hand needle for estimating works No. 3, machine needle No. 70.

5. Measuring tape.

6. Ruler

7. Paper for patterns.

8. Scissors.

2.4 Safety

Sewing Machine Safety Rules

1. Before starting work, you must make sure that the sewing machine is in good condition. Remove hair under a scarf, fasten the cuffs of the sleeves.

2. It is necessary to remove foreign objects from the machine platform: thimble, scissors, etc. Check whether the needle and presser foot are firmly fixed.

3. Before grinding the product, check if there are any pins or needles left in it.

4. Do not lean low over the machine during operation.

5. Do not keep your fingers near the foot and needle, stitch thickened places at low speeds.

When using a hand needle

1. Store the needle in a specific place: needle bed, pad, etc.

2. Do not take the needle into your mouth and put it in your clothes. Sew only with a thimble.

3. Do not bite off the thread with your teeth.

Working with scissors

1. Store scissors in a specific place.

2. Do not leave scissors open.

3. Do not put the scissors near the rotating parts of the machine, pass the scissors with the sharp ends to your friend and hold them with the sharp ends up.

Iron safety rules:

1.Before connecting the iron to the mains, check the insulation of the cord and the position of the iron on the stand.

2. Turning the iron on and off is done by grabbing the plug body with your fingers, and not the cord.

3. When working with an iron, you must have a rubber mat under your feet.

4. At the end of the work, the power supply of the ironing tables must be turned off.

It is forbidden:

Allow the iron to fall, switch the wire with the formation of loops and knots, overheat the iron.

Cool the overheated iron by immersion in water or with a spray bottle.

Put the iron on the power cord.

Work with a defective iron and independently correct malfunctions of the iron and electrical wiring.

Check the heating of the iron with your fingers.

Conclusion on the second chapter

In the second chapter, I designed an apron on a belt according to my own measurements, made a drawing of an apron, the necessary fabric, studied the technological sequence of manufacturing, and repeated the safety precautions when sewing an apron.

Chapter 3 Project Business Case

3.1 Cost calculation

To be convinced of the economic feasibility of manufacturing an apron, it is necessary to calculate the required materials.

Calculation of the cost of an apron.

75 rub.

Threads

2 coils

50 rub.

Total

125 rub.

3.2 Economic evaluation

Since I sewed an apron at school, I did not take into account the cost of electricity. So, the full calculation of the cost of the product amounted to 125 rubles. It follows that tailoring an apron cost me less than buying in a store

Chapter 4. Environmental Assessment of the Project

Nowadays, one of actual problems is an environmental problem. A person should use environmentally friendly products and materials for the safety of his life. Such materials should also be used to create clothing. Now there are many different materials

The apron is made of natural fabric - the raw material for production, which is cotton fibers, that is, the material is eternal due to its constant renewal.

Making an apron on a sewing machine is an environmentally friendly production, because:

The atmosphere is not polluted.

No emissions of harmful substances for human health.

Virtually waste-free production.

Cotton during operation does not have a harmful effect on the human body and the environment. Therefore, the manufacture and further use of the apron does not entail changes and disturbances in human life.

Self-analysis of the work done

When preparing the production of an apron, I turned to historical information, learned how the apron has changed over the years. At this time, aprons protect clothes from various contaminants and are different in purpose, processing and design.

The apron is the first product that I sewed myself. In this I was helped by the knowledge that I received in the class, the recommendations and support of the technology teacher.

In the course of the project work, I performed the following tasks:

Apron functions;

History of the apron;

Apron fabrics

Apron making process

Product manufacturing sequence

Compliance with safety regulations at work

I think sewing is very interesting. In the future, I really want to sew a more complex thing, but for this I will need to get the necessary skills and knowledge that I will acquire at school in technology lessons.

List of used literature

Technology. Service Labor: Grade 5: A Textbook for Students educational institutions/ [Yu.V. Krupskaya, N.I. Lebedeva, L.V. Litikova and others]; ed. A.D. Simonenko. - 4th ed., revised, - M.: Ventana-Graf, 2009. - 192 p.: ill.

Internet resources:yandex. en

Wikipedia. org.

http :// technology . en

Appendix 1.

Fig.1. fig.2. fig.3.

Rice. 4 fig.5 fig.6

fig.7 fig.8 fig.9

Fig.10 Fig.11 Fig.12

Appendix 2

Model #1

Cotton apron

with a printed pattern, with gathers from the top cut and pockets in a figured undercut along the bottom line. The model is recommended for housework

Model #2

Apron in dyed cotton with ruffles at the top and patch pockets. The pockets and bib are trimmed with braid, which emphasizes their original shape.

Model #3

Apron in linen fabric with a one-piece bib and pockets in embossed seams. Appliqués are offered as trim on the pockets and bib.

M model no. 4

Apron in printed cotton weave with soft pleats at the top, insert pockets in trim fabric. The upper section is finished with a stitched belt, the lower section is finished with a hem seam with a closed section.

Model No. 5

Apron made of plain-dyed cotton fabric with patch pockets and a figure-shaped clip-on bib. As an apron finish, a frill is offered along the pockets, straps and bottom. The model is recommended for culinary work

Appendix 3

Appendix 4

Materials used in the manufacture of the apron

Samples of thread for making an apron

Appendix 6

Progress Report

Making an apron on a belt

Step-by-step production of an apron on a belt

Prepare fabrics for cutting

Cut out the base of the apron, mark the middle, outline the folds

Carve out a pocket

Iron the edges of the pocket on the reverse side.

Sweep all pocket edges and sew machine stitch along the top edge of the pocket.

Sweep the sides of the apron with a closed-hem hem seam, then machine stitch

Sew a pocket onto the base of the apron

Baste the prepared belt to the upper cut of the apron and sew on the machine.

Remove all running stitches. Perform wet-heat treatment of the apron

The apron is ready!

Annex 7

The terminology of manual, machine stitches, WTO used in the manufacture of an apron,

Graphic image

Copy stitches - snares are used to transfer lines to identical, paired parts after cutting the product or to transfer from the right side to the left symmetrical lines changed when trying on.

tack or baste- connect two parts of the product with hand stitches, putting one part on top of the other, the stitches are removed after machine stitching

grind -

grind -connect two parts along the contour with a straight line

scribble- Lay a line, overlaying one part on another

7

Turn - Connecting two parts with a machine stitch along the edge, followed by

stitch up - lay a line along the folded edge of the part (stitch the bottom of the skirt);

Iron - process the stitching seam with a hot iron

Iron - treat a section of the product with a hot iron, aligning the parts and reducing the thickness of the seams;-

Iron -

work the seam with a hot iron, directing the seam allowances in one direction

Parshina Alina

creative project"Apron" Designed for students of grade 5 under the program of V. D. Simonenko. Contains a brief history apron, technological map, economic and environmental justification. May be useful for 5th grade students when doing a project.

Download:

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Municipal educational institution

"Bolsheelkhovskaya secondary school"

Lyambirsky municipal district of the Republic of Mordovia

Explanatory note to the creative project

Completed by: student of 5 "A" class

Parshina Alina

Leader: technology teacher

Parshina L.M.

with. B. Elkhovka

2011

Introduction……………………………………………………………………………….3

Chapter 1 Product Design…………………………….....................................7

1.1. Justification for the choice of the project……………………………………………………….7

1.2. Justification for the choice of materials………………………………………………….11

1.3.Decorative design……………………………………………………………………………………………. .......12

……………………………………..13

2.1. The choice of manufacturing technology…………………………………………………..13

2.2. Tools and fixtures………………………………………………….15

2.3. Safety precautions………………………………………………………………15

Chapter 3 Project Business Case…………………………………..17

3.1. Cost calculation……………………………………………………………….17

3.2.Economic assessment……………………………………………………………….17

…………………………………………..18

Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………….19

List of used literature……………………………………………….. 20

Appendix

Introduction

An apron (or apron) is a widespread and almost unchanged part of clothing from ancient times to the present day. Its history begins with Ancient Egypt. Already in the early period of the existence of this country, men in the public service used primitive drapery. It was attached in front to a belt, which was a narrow strip of leather or connected (woven) reed stems.

Over time, the apron has become a ubiquitous type of clothing. It was a piece of fabric, the middle part of which, gathered into folds, was applied to the body from the front, the rest was wrapped around the body and fastened with a free end tucked into the middle part. The apron was held with a belt. The middle part of it had a trapezoid, triangular or fan-shaped shape.

This piece of clothing played a very important role in the ceremonial attire of the rulers, as evidenced by numerous monuments.

The apron was also part of the clothing of other ancient Eastern peoples. So, for example, it was widespread in Western Asia.

From the East, the apron "migrated" to Europe. In Crete and Mycenae in the Bronze Age (XIX-XVIII centuries BC), men wore a wide leather belt, with which an apron was attached around the hips. It was worn in such a way that it fell at an angle in front, and its vertical edge ran obliquely from the hip to the knee of the other leg. The fabric of the apron was decorated with a woven color pattern.

And it is also known that in ancient Greece, men at first also wore an apron tied around their hips, and over it they put on horseradish (a large woolen scarf). Later, the apron was tied over the tunic.

The apron was a characteristic accessory of men's clothing among the Etruscans. In appearance, it resembled Cretan, but it was worn over a blouse with sleeves. And among the Romans, the apron is known only as part of the clothing of the priests, soldiers of some auxiliary types of troops and gladiators.

Since the Middle Ages, the apron has become an almost permanent accessory to work clothes. Casual dress during work should be covered with something. The apron was worn by blacksmiths, shoemakers, cooks... Workshop craftsmen considered the apron an integral part of their professional clothing.

The women's apron eventually became the accessory of a married woman's toilet. In the XVI century. two aprons made up a skirt. He also adorned the wives of eminent citizens. In Germany, burgher wives wore aprons (white or colored), sometimes even double (front and back).

The apron periodically comes into fashion among the upper strata of the population. French women during the reign of Louis XIV (1660-1710) at home and on a walk tied a small apron with a rich trim around the edge. Sometimes, however, wanting to pay tribute to fashion, women did not at all think about how comical it looks. Following the example of the city nobility, peasant girls began to embroider and decorate their aprons in every possible way. Cunning for fiction, European fashion invented several types of aprons for different occasions. So, for example, a self-respecting European woman, when she went to the table, was obliged to cover her dress with a large napkin. So there was a special apron - table (from the French word "table"). Another type of apron with a similar name is the tablion, but completely different in purpose. This is an apron for special occasions, sewn to the front and back of the cloak. It was borrowed from ceremonial Byzantine clothing and for the emperor was made of silk brocade with a pattern, and for the courtiers it was made of smooth, one-color matter, but then he got used to the new role of a fashion accessory.

Over time, the apron became part of the festive folk costume. In some areas of Germany, a wide apron was worn only on especially solemn occasions. In Moldova, a distinctive feature of folk clothes were two aprons, covering the body in front and behind, not converging on the sides, with a rich color pattern.

The traditional Russian apron was made of checkered homespun fabric with trimmed edges and red ties. In the North, the apron was embroidered and could have sleeves.

An apron of the late 19th century is interesting. from the city of Kargopol, Olonets province. The intricate patterns embroidered on it are nothing but ancient agricultural calendars. Six petals and six sprouts of the circle designate 12 months, and the conditional icons outside are the most important milestones of the annual circle of field work. Similar calendars were also embroidered on the hem of shirts and towels. You can understand how they valued these things, carefully passing them from generation to generation by inheritance. It is characteristic that in some regions of Russia (for example, in Transbaikalia), the traditional apron was preserved as part of the festive attire until the middle of the last century.

During the First World War, the apron proved to be an indispensable part of clothing. Many women had to do men's work: they became road workers, mechanics, and so on. At this time, the "maid's clothes" apron turns into women's work clothes. Perhaps, it was from this time that it ceased to exist as a purely decorative element and became an accessory for household clothing for work at home, as well as industrial clothing.

However, nowadays the apron is gradually losing this function. To protect against harmful production factors, new special clothing is being developed - these are dressing gowns and overalls. The apron also disappears from the wardrobe of housewives.

After studying the history of the apron, I decided to try my hand at creating my own creative project "Apron".

I set a goal: to make an apron for homework.

Formulated tasks:

• Design a cotton apron;
• Based on the technologies studied, develop a simple process for making an apron;
• Produce the product on time.

Chapter 1 Product Design

1.1 Rationale for project selection

I started by analyzing existing models. The apron consists of several parts: a bib, a belt, straps, a lower part and pockets, but it can also be without a bib. My apron will be with a bib.

First, I took measurements.

Then I completed the drawing, according to the developed technological map

Built a drawing in M ​​1: 4

Performed modeling according to the selected sketch.

The pattern of the apron detail was obtained on the basis of the basic drawing by modeling.

From point T 1 laid down 10 cm.

Through points B, B 1, T, T 1, T 2, T 3 built a new line of upper, side cuts of the apron.

Using the pattern of half of the apron part, I built the main part of the product in full size on paper.

1.2 Rationale for the choice of materials

For the apron, I chose cotton fabric - chintz. This fabric has a beautiful appearance at a low cost. Good hygienic properties of this fabric (high hygroscopicity, medium dust capacity) provide a person with comfort in such clothes. In addition, chintz is quite durable and does not require any special conditions when washing. And the good technological properties of cotton fabrics (medium fraying, low slip, medium shrinkage) allow even a novice seamstress to sew neat and beautiful things.

The disadvantages of this fabric include strong wrinkling, low abrasion resistance, which leads to the fact that the fabrics lose their beautiful appearance when worn.

Fabric consumption: with a fabric width of 80 cm, you will need 60 cm of printed cotton fabric.

As a decorative design, I chose a red bias tape. She processed the sections of the apron and pocket.

Chapter 2. Product manufacturing technology

2.1. The choice of manufacturing technology

Made an apron cut.

Before cutting the details, I first checked whether the fabric was shedding.

Then I decanted the fabric, determined the lobar thread and the presence of weaving defects.

The layout of the details of the apron on the main fabric was made according to the following scheme:

Technological sequence of sewing an apron with a one-piece bib.

1. Preparation of cutting details for processing.
2. Connection of all parts of the apron with the main part.
3. Processing the apron with oblique trim.
4. Processing the bib with oblique trim and making ties.

1. Tools and fixtures

For the manufacture of my product, I need equipment, with the help of which I achieved the result, i.e. sewed an apron and a scarf is:

1. Sewing machine

2. Ironing board, iron with steam humidifier, iron.

3. Cotton threads No. 45 for machine work, No. 50-60 - for estimating work.

4. Hand needle for estimating works No. 3, machine needle No. 70.

5. Measuring tape.

6. Line cutter.

7. Paper for patterns.

8. Scissors.

2.3 Safety

Iron safety rules:

• Before connecting the iron to the mains, check the insulation of the cord and the position of the iron on the stand.

• Turn the iron on and off by grasping the plug body with your fingers, and not the cord.
• When working with the iron, you must have a rubber mat under your feet.
• At the end of work, the power supply of the ironing tables must be turned off.

It is forbidden:

• Allow the iron to fall, switch the wire with the formation of loops and knots, overheat the iron.
• Cool the overheated iron by immersion in water or with a spray bottle.
• Put the iron on the power cord.
• Work with a defective iron and independently correct malfunctions of the iron and electrical wiring. Consumption

  Total

  Textile

  35 rub.

  35 rub.

  Threads

  5 rub.

  Bias binding

  3 rub.

  15 rub.

  Total

  55 rub.

  3.2 Economic evaluation

  Since I sewed the apron in the school workshop, I did not take into account the cost of electricity, did not pay rent for the premises, and did not pay myself a salary. So, the full calculation of the cost of the product amounted to 55 rubles. It follows that tailoring an apron cost me less than a similar one in a store.

  Chapter 4 Environmental Assessment of the Project

  Nowadays, one of the urgent problems is the problem of ecology. A person should use environmentally friendly products and materials for the safety of his life. Such materials should also be used to create clothing. Now there are many different materials

  The apron is made of natural fabric - the raw material for production, which is cotton fibers, that is, the material is eternal due to its constant renewal.

  Making an apron on a sewing machine is an environmentally friendly production, because:

  1. The atmosphere is not polluted.
  2. No emissions of harmful substances for human health.
  3. Virtually waste-free production.

  Cotton during operation does not have a harmful effect on the human body and the environment. Therefore, the manufacture and further use of the apron does not entail changes and disturbances in human life.

  Conclusion

  I did a great job, showing creativity, skill, diligence and skill, even if not the most perfect. My apron will please the eye of every housewife, and the male half will be pleased to see me in an attractive apron. Beauty and usefulness, beauty and expediency are thus intertwined in my work.

  List of used literature

  1. Technology. Service labor: Grade 5: a textbook for students of educational institutions / [Yu.V. Krupskaya, N.I. Lebedeva, L.V. Litikova and others]; ed. A.D. Simonenko. - 4th ed., revised, - M.: Ventana-Graf, 2009. - 192 p.: ill.

  Internet resources: yandex. en

  • wikipedia.org.
  • http://technologia.ru

Project theme: MANUFACTURE OF AN APRON

Goals and objectives: make an apron for cooking. a gift to a mother (grandmother, sister, girlfriend) or for realization, as well as in order to consolidate the acquired knowledge, skills and abilities in its implementation; improve the skills and techniques of working with fabric, with sewing machine, to deepen knowledge on the technology of processing materials, in the section "materials science"; prepare students for independent living, economical, reasonable housekeeping; prepare students for professional self-determination, taking into account their abilities and interests; to develop creative initiative, a creative approach to work, to instill in students the elements of entrepreneurship.

1. Materials science.

2. Machine learning

3.Artistic processing fabrics.

4. Design.

5. Modeling.

6. Technological sequence of processing.

7. Economy, entrepreneurship.

Sections of programs necessary for the implementation of the project.

Materials Science.

Engineering.

Artistic processing of fabric.

Design.

Modeling.

Technological sequence of product processing.

Organization of project implementation.

1. Justification of the problem and need.

2. model selection,

3. Choice of fabric.

4. Choice of equipment.

5. Product design and modeling.

6. Open products.

7. Technological sequence of product manufacturing.

8. Product cost.

9. Evaluation of the quality and complexity of the project.

10. Project protection.

The main problems of project implementation

AT model selection

For this project, we have chosen an apron for cookingx works.

Model No. 1

Description appearance models . Apron - detachable along the waistline, with a bib, patch pockets.The lower part of the apron and oval pockets. The upper section of the bib, the lower and side sections of the apron are trimmed with lace. On bib and pockets- embroidery.

Fabric consumption. The apron is made of 1 m of white cotton fabric. It took 2.5 m of lace to finish the apron.

Model № 2

Cooking set consisting of an apron, towels and potholders. Apron - detachable along the waistline, with a bib, patch pockets. The lower part of the apron, the lower sections of the pockets are made at an angle, figured belt. Bib, belt, pockets,the lower part of the apron, the towel, the pot holder are embroidered.

The apron can be made of light cotton, linen, waffle. Towel and potholder can be made of linen and waffle (or terry cloth if the finish is appliqué). Instead of embroidery, you can make an appliqué by cutting a ready-made flower design from a printed fabric..

Model №3

Cooking set consisting of an apron, towels and potholders. Cutting apron along the waist line. Bib and oval pockets. The lower cut of the apron is made at an angle. The bib, pockets, side and lower sections of the lower part of the apron are trimmed with lace and "heart" appliqué. The bib has an appliqué depicting air balloons in the shape of hearts, at the point of intersection of the threads extending from the balls, a narrow satin ribbon is sewn, tied into a bow. On a towel and potholder there is also an application "Hearts". Application colors vary. The appliqué can be made from plain dyed fabric and fabric with small prints.pattern (small peas, small cell).

Model No. 4

Model No. 5 (a, b).

Apron for culinary works, detachable along the waist line. The lower part of the apron is rectangular in shape. The upper section of the bib and the lower section of the lower part of the apron are trimmed with facing fabric and lace. Straps are also trimmed with lace. On the bottom of the apron there is an applique of a teapot and a cup. Model 5a finished with polka dot fabric. Model 56 can be finished with any color of fabric, and the teapot and cup can be appliquéd with flowers cut out of printed fabric.

Model No. 6.

Kit forculinary work, consisting of an apron, towels and potholders. The lower part of the apron is rectangular in shape. The upper section of the bib, the lower section of the lower part of the apron are trimmed with a facing made of the same fabric from which the "Cherry" appliqué was made - on the bib, along the bottom of the lower part of the apron, on a towel and on a pot holder. The applique can be made from fabric of any color.

Choice of fabric.

For this model of the project, we chose white cotton fabric, as it is durable, light, soft, has good hygienic properties: it easily absorbs moisture, dries quickly, passes air well, is easy to wash and iron. Cotton fabric is produced from cotton fiber - an environmentally friendly product.

Cooking kit can be made from linen, waffle, piqué (a two-tone fabric with a raised pattern resembling machine stitching), poplin (a grosgrain weave made up of very fine warp and finer weft threads), twill (coarse cotton fabric) and satin.

Selection of equipment, tools, accessories.

White cotton fabric was chosen for this model of the project, as it is durable, light, soft, has good hygienic properties: it easily absorbs moisture, dries quickly, passes air well, is easy to wash and iron. Cotton fabric is produced from cotton fiber - an environmentally friendly product.

Cooking kit can be made from linen, waffle, piqué (a two-tone fabric with a raised pattern resembling machine stitching), poplin (a grosgrain weave made up of very fine warp and finer weft threads), twill (coarse cotton fabric) and satin

Selection of equipment, tools, accessories

1. Sewing machine "Seagull".

2. Overlock 51-A class.

3. Steam iron, ironing board, iron.

4. Cotton threads No. 40 - for machine work; No. 50, No. 60 - for handmade temporary appointment; No. 45 cotton with lavsan - for sewing on appliqués.

5. Hand needle No. 3, machine needle No. 90, pins, scissors, thimble.

6. Ruler, measuring tape.

Auxiliary materials: paper for patterns and applications, an album with drawings, fashion magazines.

Open the apron.

Cut the apron, taking into account the direction of the shared thread, the front side, allowances for seams, and the economical arrangement of cut details on the fabric.

Construction of an apron drawing.

Note: look at modeling an apron in a technology textbook for grade 5.

Technological sequence of apron processing.

Preparation of cutting details for processing.

1. Lay with straight stitches the lines of the middle of the bib, the bottom of the apron, belt, pockets,

2. Sew straight copy stitches at the pocket locations.

Performing embroidery on the bib.

1. A cup and a spoon can be made with a chain stitch.

2. Flower petals, leaves can be embroidered with a loop stitch.

3. The core of the flower can be decorated with beads or small beads (sew on) or double-sided satin stitch.

4. The embroidery can be positioned so that its middle (or axis of symmetry) coincides with the middle of the bib.

Embroidering on pockets.

1. Flowers in the embroidery pattern can be sewn with a loop-attached stitch.

2. Sew a bead into the core of the flower, or make a double-sided satin stitch.

3. Branches of the Christmas tree to perform a seam "broken Christmas tree".

4. Fill the balls with double-sided stitch.

5. The embroidery on the pocket must be positioned so that the axis of symmetry of the embroidery pattern coincides with the middle of the pocket.

Construction of an apron drawing.

Note: see apron modeling in the technology textbook for grade 5.

Processing of the bib.

1. Process the side cuts of the bib with a seam in the hem with a closed cut.

2. Put the finished straps on the wrong sidesidebib (seams to the middle), pin and tack to the wrong side of the bib. Over the straps, put the facing down. Equalize the upper cuts of the bib and facings. Sweep the side cuts of the facing to the wrong side and iron, baste and stitch the facing with a seam width of 0.7 cm.

3. Bend the facing to the front side of the bib and sweep the seam.

4. Bend the lower edge of the facing by 0.5-0.7 cm to the wrong side.

5. Insert lace under the bottom edge of the facing. Baste and topstitch 0.2-0.3 cm from the folded edge of the facing.

6. Hem the ends of the facing and lace with small oblique stitches.

Processing the bottom of the apron. Lace preparation.

1 Loosen the upper thread tension, set the maximum stitch length to 0.4 cm.

2. On the front side of the lace, at a distance of 0.3-0.5 cm from the cut (edge) of the lace, lay two parallel lines.

3. Tighten the bobbin thread, evenly distributing the gathers.

Compound lace with the lower part of the apron with a stitched seam.

1. Apply lace with the front side to the front side of the apron, aligning the cuts, baste the lace to the apron.

2. Stitch lace.

3. Overcast the stitching seam, fold it towards the apron and secure it in this position with running stitches.

4. Stitch the seam allowances to the apron on the front side at OD - 0.2 cm from the fold.

Pocket processing.

1. Tuck the allowance of the top edge of the pocket to the front side. Sweep along the line of the top edge of the pocket

2. Overstitch the top pocket allowance on the sides.

3. Turn the hem inside out, straighten the corners, iron.

4. Lay a line for tightening along the rounded corners of the pocket, retreating slightly inward from the intended line.

5. Make allowances on the wrong side and iron.

Connected no pockets with the lower part of the apron with a patch seam.

1. Overlay and pin pockets, lining up the sides with copy stitches.

2. Baste and topstitch pockets. Fasten at the top corners.

The connection of the belt, bib with the lower part of the apron.

1. Lay two parallel lines along the upper cut of the lower part of the apron to form gathers.

2. Pull the lower threads at the same time, evenly distributing the gathering.

3. Fold the bib with the lower part wrong sides inward, combining the middle parts, and, having equalized the cuts, chop off.

4. Put a belt on the bib with the front side to the front side of the bib, combining and equalizing the sections of the parts, baste, stitch.

5. Finish the ends of the belt with a seam.

6. Baste the belt.

7. Bend the free section of the belt towards the front side of the lower part of the apron, iron the sewing seam towards the bib.

8. Bend the free section of the belt 1 cm inward, baste and stitch the belt 1-2 mm from the folded edge.

9. Remove running stitches, perform WTO.

Product cost

№

p/p

The cost of an apron for culinary work was 235 rubles. The cost of the product does not include the cost of tailoring, as the apron was made independently. Therefore, project work is economically feasible and brings savings to the family budget.

Quality control.

The apron produces a positive emotional effect, is made taking into account the direction of fashion and design, is reliable and easy to use. Subject to all the requirements for the quality of the finished product, you can get a competitive product if you want to do business.

Project protection.

The student must determine the complexity of the completed project, identify its positive and negative sides and indicate what can be changed in the technological sequence of its manufacture in case of re-execution of the product, name the mark that she deserves for doing this work.

MBOU "Alovskaya secondary school"

CREATIVE PROJECT

"Apron on the belt"

Performed: 5th grade student

Pelageykina Nastya

Supervisor: Sorokina P.N.

village of Alovo, 2015

PROJECT PLAN

Study

CONCLUSION: In order to accurately

present process

design, it is necessary

draw up a plan

project execution.

Need

There are people who determine how we will be

look like we will be perceived

surrounding. Everything is very simple - after all

"Meet by clothes."

And this same clothes from various

materials are sewn by a person with the profession of "tailor".

I also love to sew and embroider.

Thanks to my teacher Sorokina Polina Nikolaevna,

I have acquired some sewing skills. Together with her

technology lessons, we learned to cross-stitch,

crochet, learned many types of hand

decorative seams.

In the new school year, we decided to sew an apron.

The apron is a symbol

home clothes, it symbolizes purity

and neatness. A new apron will also come in handy

in labor lessons.

I'm sure I can make my own apron!

Task

Design and manufacture an apron.

Study:

Goethe's color wheel.

Conclusion:I explored colors
and

decided fit White color,

if I want to make a contrast trim,

then I will take the cold shades of braid and

applications.

Design specification.

Apron cut details

on the belt.

1. Bottom part of apron, 1 piece

with a fold

2. Pocket, 1 piece with fold

3. Belt, 2 parts

Process sequence

making an apron

on the belt.

Prepare cut details for basting

Finish the patch pocket

Connect the pocket to the bottom of the apron

Process the bottom cut, side cuts

apron

Finish the top cut

Process the belt

Treat the upper cut of the apron with an inlet

belt

Cost calculation.

With and = With 1 + With 2 + With 3

With 1 = material cost = 50 rubles

With 2 = electricity cost

1 kW/h=5 rub

With 3 = student labor costs 1 hour / 5 rubles

(10h * 5rub=50)

Conclusion:apron cost = 105 rubles

Evaluation of the

work.

I have always loved making clothes for dolls.

And finally, I tried to sew for myself.

With the help of the knowledge gained in the lessons of labor training,

I made an apron. Carried out in accordance with their

individual features and requirements of all

technological process. I sewed a simple model

apron, purchased necessary knowledge and skills. learned

apply the acquired knowledge on modeling, selection

colors, according to the artistic design of clothes. I received

great pleasure from the quality of the work done -

machine stitches are straight, even along the entire length, all

temporary lines, the same width of the pocket and waistband

the entire length, wet-heat treatment was performed.

In the future, I plan to design and sew more

a complex apron, but not for myself, but as a gift to my mother. After all

she has been such an inspiration to me all this time. Thanks to her and mine

teacher, I bought my piece

"WOMEN'S HAPPINESS".

Apron self-assessment.

Product made:

• Looks nice

Mom's score.

Raising a child is not only

point out his mistakes

and be sure to encourage him,

if he succeeded.

Kind words encouraging and approving,

make the child stronger emotionally and more self-confident.

These words do not need to be saved - only praise

right, from the heart!

Now I want to praise my daughter for the work done,

which brought new knowledge, skills, emotional

self-satisfaction. I really liked Nastya's sewn apron.

Now she often uses it for its intended purpose.

Assessing my daughter's work

excellent and I wish you new success in achieving your goals!

Practical work

Pedagogy and didactics

Technical sequence First, we took measurements, then drew parts of the apron measuring 1x4 in a notebook in real size with special pins attached to the fabric. Soon we sewed the pockets and bottom of the apron.