OGE in literature is a good training before taking the exam in literature.

The most difficult thing in the OGE in literature is not even essays, but specific questions that require a direct answer. For ninth-graders, this is difficult, because they are used to writing “beautifully” and about nothing. For example, in the OGE in literature there is a question about why Bazarov is called a "reflexive nihilist." And schoolchildren in response write that Turgenev is a great writer, and “Fathers and Sons” is a wonderful novel. All this is “water”, which has no place in the exam.

Texts on the OGE in literature give complex ones. For example, " dog's heart» Bulgakov, Solzhenitsyn's Matrenin Dvor, Chekhov's stories.
They can give a translated text - for example, a fragment from Byron, for comparison with the text of Lermontov.

We will immediately warn those who pass the OGE in literature. This is a difficult exam, and it is not chosen in order to “pass something”. There will be a lot of work in preparation for the OGE in literature!

Usually, preparation for the OGE in literature takes place in schools as a standard. Teachers literally force ninth-graders to read the classics, saying that this material is necessary for writing the final essay. And schoolchildren prefer a brief retelling of works or collections of finished essays. At the same time, serious preparation for the OGE in literature,
that is, no one is engaged in text analysis.

And at the OGE in literature, you will receive, for example, a fragment from the ballad "Svetlana" by Zhukovsky, and for comparison - a piece from "Eugene Onegin". It is necessary to compare these texts and answer the questions: what are the similarities, what are the differences? And then write a short essay of about 200 words.

Does your school prepare for the exam in this format? Are you taught to write essays strictly on the topic? If yes, then preparation for the OGE in literature will be an excellent workout before a more serious exam - the USE.

M.: 2017. - 416 p.

The reference book presents the material of the course of literature in the amount checked at the state final certification in the 9th grade. The materials of the reference book will help to repeat the literature course of grades 5-9, in general to prepare for the main state exam and successfully complete the task of the second part of the examination paper - writing an essay. The location of the material corresponds to the codifier of the content elements and requirements for the level of training of students for the main state exam on literature. The manual is addressed to students for self-preparation for the exam and teachers as auxiliary material to organize the repetition and consolidation of the studied material.

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CONTENT
Introduction 6
1. Basic theoretical and literary concepts 9
1.1. Fiction like word art 9
1.2. Artistic Image 9
1.3. Folklore. Main genres of folklore 13
1.4. Literary types and genres 16
1.5. Literary trends and currents 26
1.6. The form and content of a literary work 36
1.7. The language of a work of art. Figurative and expressive means in a work of art 43
1.8. Prose and poetry. Fundamentals of versification 51
2. From Russian folklore 58
2.1. Russians folk tales(magical, everyday, about animals - one fairy tale each) 58
2.2. Epics 61
3. From ancient Russian literature 66
3.1. "The Tale of Igor's Campaign" 66
3.2. Three works of different genres: Afanasy Nikitin. “Journey beyond three seas” (fragments); Yermolai-Erasmus. "The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom"; "The Life of Alexander Nevsky" 12
4. From Russian literature of the 18th century 84
4.1. M.V. Lomonosov. “Ode to the day of accession to the All-Russian throne of Her Majesty the Empress Empress Elisaveta Petrovna. 1747".... 84
4.2. DI. Fonvizin. Comedy "Undergrowth" 88
4.3. G.R. Derzhavin. Poems "Monument", "Lords and Judges" 95
4.4. N.M. Karamzin. Tale " Poor Lisa» 98
5. From Russian literature of the first half of the 19th century 104
5.1. I.A. Krylov. Fables "Leaves and Roots", "Wolf in the Kennel", "Quartet", "Donkey and Nightingale" 104
5.2. V.A. Zhukovsky. Poems "Sea", "Inexpressible". Ballads "Svetlana", "Forest King" 111
5.3. A.S. Griboyedov. Comedy "Woe from Wit" 119
5.4. Creativity A.S. Pushkin 129
Lyrica 133
Poem "Gypsies" 160
The novel "Eugene Onegin" 163
"Tales of the late Ivan Petrovich Belkin" 179
Novel "The Captain's Daughter" 184
5.5. Creativity M.Yu. Lermontova 197
Lyrica 199
The poem "Song about Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich, a young guardsman and a daring merchant Kalashnikov" 217
Poem "Mtsyri" 221
The novel "A Hero of Our Time" 226
5.6. Creativity N.V. Gogol 239
Comedy "Inspector" 241
The story "Overcoat" 257
Poem "Dead Souls" 263
6. From Russian literature of the second half of the 19th century 287
6.1. A.N. Ostrovsky. Comedy "Own people - let's settle!" 287
6.2. I.S. Turgenev. The story "Asya" 294
6.3. F.I. Tyutchev. Poems “A kite has risen from a clearing ...”, “There is in the initial autumn ...”, “Spring thunderstorm”, “A merry day was still noisy ...”, “The Enchantress in Winter ...” 302
6.4. A.A. Fet. The poems “Evening”, “Learn from them - from the oak, from the birch ...”, “The swallows are gone ...”, “Still fragrant bliss of spring ...”, “At dawn, do not wake her ...” 307
6.5. ON THE. Nekrasov. Poems "Troika", " Railway"," Stuffy! Without happiness and will...” 312
6.6. M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin. Fairy tales “The Tale of How One Man Feeded Two Generals”, “The Wild Landowner”, “The Wise Piskar” 319
6.7. F.M. Dostoevsky. Novel "Poor people" 323
6.8. L.N. Tolstoy. The story "Childhood", the story "After the ball" 335
6.9. A.P. Chekhov. The stories "Death of an Official", "Chameleon", "Longing", "Thick and Thin" 346
7. From Russian literature of the XX century 354
7.1. I.A. Bunin. Stories "Tanka", "Mowers" .... 354
7.2. A.A. Block. Poems “Oh, spring without end and without edge ...”, “Oh, I want to live crazy”, “About valor, about exploits, about glory ...” 359
7.3. V.V. Mayakovsky. Poems "A good attitude towards horses", "An extraordinary adventure that happened with Vladimir Mayakovsky at the dacha", "Having a meeting" 364
7.4. S. A. Yesenin. Poems “Birch”, “Powder”, “Beloved land! The heart dreams ... " .... 368
7.5. M.A. Sholokhov. The story "The fate of man" .... 371
7.6. A.T. Tvardovsky. Poem "Vasily Terkin" (chapters "Crossing", "Two Soldiers", "Duel"). 376
7.7. V.M. Shukshin. Stories "Cut off", "Freak" .. 381
7.8. A.I. Solzhenitsyn. The story "Matryonin Dvor". . 386
7.9. Prose of the second half of the 20th century (works by three authors of your choice) 392
V.L. Kondratiev. The story "Sasha" 392
V.G. Rasputin. The story "French Lessons". 398
V.P. Astafiev. The story "The horse with a pink mane" 402
7.10. Poetry of the second half of the XX century 406
N.M. Rubtsov 406
A.A. Voznesensky 409
B.C. Vysotsky 412

The main state exam (OGE) in literature is a form of objective assessment of the quality of training of 9th grade students of educational organizations of various types (schools, gymnasiums, lyceums), including classes with in-depth study of the subject.
The tasks of the examination work reveal the degree of mastering by graduates of the compulsory (basic) part of the program in literature, provide information about the increased level of training, and also allow us to draw conclusions about the literary abilities of the examinee, about his readiness to study literature in the senior classes of the humanities profile.
The examination paper consists of two parts; The first part includes two options with three tasks each. Students are invited to choose one of the options: option 1 (tasks 1.1.1, 1.1.2, 1.1.3) or option 2 (tasks 1.2.1, 1.2.2, 1.2.3).
The tasks of option 1 are aimed at identifying the features of the perception of a fragment of an epic (or lyrical epic, or dramatic) work. The tasks of option 2 are to identify the features of perception of a fragment of a lyrical poem or fable.

The reference book is addressed to students of the 9th grade to prepare for the GIA in literature. The manual contains detailed theoretical material on all topics tested by the exam, as well as training tasks in the form of a GIA. Answers are provided at the end of the handbook.
The publication will be useful to teachers of literature, parents for the effective preparation of students for the GIA.

Fiction as the art of the word.
Fiction, along with music, painting, etc., is one of the art forms. The word "art" is ambiguous, in this case it refers to the actual artistic activity and what is its result (work). AT different types In art, the same law operates: contentless material is organized by the artist into a life-like form that expresses a certain ideological and aesthetic content. At the same time, each type of art uses “its own” material: music - sound, painting - paints, architecture - stone, wood, metal, etc. The specificity of fiction lies in the fact that words and constructions of human language are used as the only material. Thus, literature is the art of the word.

It is hardly possible to exaggerate the influence of literature on the formation of personality. The art of the word has long been a part of the social and cultural environment in which each person develops. Literature preserves and transmits universal spiritual values ​​from generation to generation, referring directly to the human consciousness. The relationship between speech and thinking has been studied for a long time and is beyond doubt: the word is the result of thought and its tool. With the help of words, we not only express what we think: the thought process itself has a verbal (verbal) basis and is impossible outside of speech. And if the word forms the thought, it means that the art of the word can influence the way of thinking. In the history of literature one can find many examples confirming this. Often, the art of the word was directly used as a powerful ideological weapon, literary works became an instrument of agitation and propaganda (for example, works of Soviet literature). Of course, these are extreme manifestations, but literature does not directly claim the role of an agitator and mentor, it conveys to a person ideas about certain norms, rules, only offers him a certain way of seeing the world, forms his attitude to the information that a person receives daily.

CONTENT
1. BASIC THEORETICAL AND LITERARY CONCEPTS
1.1. Fiction as word art 7
1.2. Artistic image 8
1.3. Folklore. Genres of folklore 9
Genres of folklore 10
1.4. Literary types and genres 12
1.5. Main literary movements: classicism, sentimentalism, romanticism, realism 13
Classicism 13
Sentimentalism 15
Romanticism 16
Realism 19
1.6. The form and content of a literary work: theme, idea, problems, plot, composition; stages of action development: exposition, plot, climax, denouement, epilogue; lyrical digression; conflict;
system of images, image of the author, author-narrator, literary hero, lyrical hero 22
The form and content of a literary work 22
Stages of development of action 24
The system of images in the work 25
1.7. The language of a work of art. Figurative and expressive means in a work of art: epithet, metaphor, comparison. Hyperbola. Allegory 26
1.8. Prose and poetry. Fundamentals of versification: meter, rhythm, rhyme, stanza 29
Prose and poetry 29
Fundamentals of Versification 30
Poetic size (meter) 31
Rhyming system 32
Training test tasks for section 1 33
2. FROM RUSSIAN FOLKLORE
2.1. Russian folk tales (magic, everyday, about animals - one fairy tale each) 35
Fairy tale "Marya Morevna" 35
2.2. One epic of your choice 37
Epic "Dobrynya and the Serpent" 37
Training test tasks for section 2 40
3. FROM OLD RUSSIAN LITERATURE
3.1. "The Tale of Igor's Campaign" 42
3.2. Three works of different genres of your choice 46
"The Tale of Bygone Years" 46
Training test tasks for section 3 49
4. FROM THE RUSSIAN LITERATURE OF THE 18TH CENTURY
4.1. M. V. Lomonosov. "Ode on the day of accession to the All-Russian throne of Her Majesty the Empress Empress Elisaveta Petrovna, 1747" 50
Lomonosov Mikhail Vasilyevich (1711 -1765) 50
"Ode on the day of accession to the All-Russian throne of Her Majesty the Empress Empress Elisaveta Petrovna, 1747" 51
4.2. D. I. Fonvizin. Comedy "Undergrowth" 54
Fonvizin Denis Ivanovich (1744-1792) 54
Comedy "Undergrowth" 55
4.3. G. R. Derzhavin. Poems "Monument", "Lords and Judges" 57
Derzhavin Gavrila Romanovich (1743-1816) 57
Poem "Monument" 58
"To Rulers and Judges" 64
4.4. N. M. Karamzin. The story "Poor Lisa" 67
Karamzin Nikolai Mikhailovich (1766-1826) 67
The story "Poor Lisa" 68
Training test tasks for section 4 70
5. FROM THE RUSSIAN LITERATURE OF THE FIRST HALF OF THE XIX CENTURY
5.1. I. A. Krylov. Fables "Leaves and Roots", "Wolf in the kennel", "Quartet", "Donkey and Nightingale" 72
Krylov Ivan Andreevich (1769-1844) 72
"Leaves and Roots" 73
"Wolf in the kennel" 74
Quartet 75
"Donkey and Nightingale" 76
5.2. V. A. Zhukovsky. Poems "Sea", "Unspeakable" 77
Zhukovsky Vasily Andreevich (1783-1852) 77
"Sea" 78
"Unspeakable" 79
5.3. V. A. Zhukovsky. Ballads "Svetlana", "Forest King" 81
"Forest King" 79
"Svetlana" 83
5.4. A. S. Griboyedov. Comedy "Woe from Wit" 84
Griboyedov Alexander Sergeevich (1795-1829) 84
Comedy "Woe from Wit" 85
5.5. A. S. Pushkin. Poems: “To Chaadaev”, “Song of the Prophetic Oleg”, “To the Sea”, “Nanny”, “K ***” (“I remember a wonderful moment ...”), “October 19” (“The crimson forest drops your dressing..."),
"AND. I. Pushchin”, “The Prophet”, “Winter Road”, “Anchar”, “On the hills of Georgia lies the darkness of the night ...”, “I loved you: love still, perhaps ...”, “Winter morning”, "Demons", "Cloud",
“I have erected a monument to myself not made by hands...”, “Do not sing, beauty, with me...”, “Bacchic song” 90
Pushkin Alexander Sergeevich (1799-1837) 90
"To Chaadaev" 95
"To the Sea" 96
"The Song of the Prophetic Oleg" 98
"Nanny" 100
"Bacchic Song" 101
"Winter Road" 102
"Don't sing, beauty, with me..." 103
"K***" ("I remember a wonderful moment") 104
"October 19" ("The forest drops its crimson dress") 106
"AND. I. Pushchin» 110
"Prophet" 111
Anchar 113
“Night lies on the hills of Georgia” 114
"I loved you..." 115
"Winter Morning" 116
"Demons" 118
“I erected a monument to myself not made by hands...” 120
5.6. A. S. Pushkin. Poem "Gypsies" 121
5.7. A. S. Pushkin. The novel "Eugene Onegin" 123
5.8. A. S. Pushkin. Belkin's Tales 129
5.9. A. S. Pushkin. Novel "The Captain's Daughter" 133
5.10. M. Yu. Lermontov. Poems: “Sail”, “Death of a Poet”, “Borodino”, “When the yellowing field is agitated ...”, “Duma”, “Poet” (“My dagger shines with gold trim ...”),
“Three palm trees”, “Prayer” (“In a difficult moment of life ...”), “It’s both boring and sad”, “No, I don’t love you so passionately ...”, “Motherland”, “Prophet”, “ Clouds”, “Leaflet”, “Angel” 138
Lermontov Mikhail Yurievich (1814-1841) 138
"Sail" 140
"Death of a Poet" 141
Borodino 142
"Duma" 144
"When the yellowing field is agitated..." 145
"Angel" 146
Leaflet 147
"No, it's not you that I love so passionately..." 149
"Poet" 150
"Three Palms" 152
"Prayer" 153
"And boring and sad..." 154
"Motherland" 155
"Prophet" 156
"Clouds" 158
5.11. M. Yu. Lermontov. The poem "Song about Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich, a young guardsman and a daring merchant Kalashnikov" 159
5.12. M. Yu. Lermontov. Poem "Mtsyri" 162
5.13. M. Yu. Lermontov. The novel "A Hero of Our Time" 164
5.14. N. V. Gogol. Comedy "Inspector" 169
Gogol Nikolai Vasilyevich (1809-1852) 169
"Inspector" 171
5.15. N. V. Gogol. The story "Overcoat" 175
5.16. N. V. Gogol. Poem "Dead Souls" 179
Practice Tests for Section 5 188
6. FROM THE RUSSIAN LITERATURE OF THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX CENTURY
6.1. A. N. Ostrovsky. One piece of choice 193
Ostrovsky Alexander Nikolaevich (1823-1886) 193
Drama "Dowry" 194
6.2. I. S. Turgenev. One story of choice 199
Turgenev Ivan Sergeevich (1818-1883) 199
The story "Asya" 200
6.3. F. I. Tyutchev. Poems “A kite has risen from a clearing ...”, “There is in the initial autumn ...”, “Spring thunderstorm”, “A cheerful day was still noisy ...”, “Winter enchantress ...” 203
Tyutchev Fedor Ivanovich (1803-1873) 203
"There is in the autumn of the original ..." 204
"... A kite has risen from the clearing..." 205
"I love a thunderstorm in early May..." 206
"The merry day was still noisy..." 207
"Winter Enchantress..." 208
6.4. A. A. Fet. The poems “Evening”, “Learn from them - from the oak, from the birch ...”, “The swallows are gone ...”, “Still fragrant bliss of spring ...”, “Do not wake her at dawn ...” 209
Fet Afanasy Afanasyevich (1820-1892) 209
"Evening" 210
"Still fragrant bliss of spring..." 211
"The swallows are gone..." 212
"At dawn, don't wake her up..." 214
"Learn from them - from the oak, from the birch..." 215
6.6. M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin. Fairy tales “The Tale of How One Man Feeded Two Generals”, “The Wild Landowner”, “The Wise Piskar” 216
Saltykov-Shchedrin Mikhail Evgrafovich (1826-1889) 216
"The Tale of How One Man Feeded Two Generals" 217
"Wild landowner" 219
"Wise Scribbler" 220
6.7. F. M. Dostoevsky. One story of choice 221
Dostoevsky Fyodor Mikhailovich (1821 - 1881) 221
The story "White Nights" 222
6.8. L. N. Tolstoy. One story of choice 225
Tolstoy Lev Nikolaevich (1828-1910) 225
The story "Youth" 226
6.9. L. N. Tolstoy. The story "After the ball" 229
6.10. A. P. Chekhov. The stories "Death of an Official", "Chameleon", "Longing", "Thick and Thin" 231
Chekhov Anton Pavlovich (1860-1904) 231
"Death of an official" 233
"Chameleon" 234
"Tosca" 236
"Thick and thin" 236
Practice Tests for Section 6 238
7. FROM THE RUSSIAN LITERATURE OF THE XX CENTURY
7.1. I. A. Bunin. Stories "Mowers", "Tanka" 240
Bunin Ivan Alekseevich (1870-1953) 240
The story "Tanka" 241
The story "Mowers" 242
7.2. A. A. Blok. Poems "Oh, spring without end and without edge ...", "Oh, I want to live insanely ...", "About valor, about exploits, about glory ..." 244
Blok Alexander Alexandrovich (1880-1921) 244
"Oh, spring without end and without edge..." 245
"Oh, I want to live crazy..." 246
"About valor, about exploits, about glory..." 248
7.3. V. V. Mayakovsky. Poems "An extraordinary adventure that happened with Vladimir Mayakovsky in the summer at the dacha", "A good attitude towards horses", "Passed" 249
Mayakovsky Vladimir Vladimirovich (1893-1930) 249
"An extraordinary adventure that happened with Vladimir Mayakovsky in the summer at the dacha" 250
"Good attitude towards horses" 252
"Passed" 253
7.4. S. A. Yesenin. Poems “Birch”, “Powder”, “Beloved land! The heart dreams...» 254
Yesenin Sergey Alexandrovich (1895-1925) 254
"Birch" 255
Powder 256
"Lovely land! The heart dreams...» 257
7.5. M. A. Sholokhov. The story "The fate of man" 258
Sholokhov Mikhail Alexandrovich (1905-1984) 258
"The fate of man" 259
7.6. A. T. Tvardovsky. Poem "Vasily Terkin" (chapters: "Crossing", "Two Soldiers", "Duel") 261
Tvardovsky Alexander Trifonovich (1910-1971) 261
Poem "Vasily Terkin" 262
7.7. V. M. Shukshin. Stories "Cut off", "Freak" 265
Shukshin Vasily Makarovich (1929-1974) 265
The story "Cut off" 266
The story "Freak" 268
7.8. A. I. Solzhenitsyn. The story "Matryona Dvor" 270
Solzhenitsyn Alexander Isaevich (1918-2008) 270
The story "Matryona yard" 271
7.9. Prose of the second half of the XX century. F. A. Abramov, Ch. T. Aitmatov, V. P. Astafiev, V. I. Belov, V. V. Bykov, F. A. Iskander, Yu. P. Kazakov, V. L. Kondratiev, E. I. Nosov, V. G. Rasputin, A. N. and B. N. Strugatsky,
V. F. Tendryakov, V. T. Shalamov. (Works by at least three authors, optional) 274
7.10. Poetry of the second half of the XX century. I. A. Brodsky, A. A. Voznesensky, V. S. Vysotsky, E. A. Evtushenko, B. Sh. Okudzhava, N. M. Rubtsov. (Poems by at least three authors, optional) 277
Practice Tests for Section 7 270
8. FROM FOREIGN LITERATURE
8.1. Homer. "Iliad", "Odyssey" (fragments) 281
Homer (ca. 8th century BC) 281
Iliad, Odyssey 282
8.2. W. Shakespeare. Tragedies "Romeo and Juliet", "Hamlet" 286
William Shakespeare (1564-1616) 286
Romeo and Juliet 287
"Hamlet" 290
8.3. Jean-Baptiste Molière. One Comedy Choice 293
Jean-Baptiste Molière (1622-1673) 293
"The tradesman in the nobility" 294
8.4. I.-V. Goethe. Faust (fragments) 298
Johann Wolfgang Goethe (1749-1832) 298
"Faust" 298
Practice Tests for Section 8 302.

A large catalog of books with tasks for preparing for the OGE 2020, with publications from previous years (2017, 2016, 2015). Very handy selection educational literature for training testing and monitoring the development of material for grade 9, it will be useful both in courses and in classes with tutors.

There are no changes in the structure and content of KIM compared to 2019.

Foreign languages ​​This year, clarifications were made to the assessment criteria for completing task 33 “Personal writing”.

The literature clarified the criteria for checking and evaluating the performance of tasks with a detailed answer: corrections were made to the evaluation of tasks 1.1.1 and 1.1.2, 1.2.1 and 1.2.2 (the wording of criterion 1 was clarified with a description of the requirements for an answer by 2 points); tasks 2.1–2.4 (in criterion 4, the count of logical errors was added).

Exam schedule for 2020 will be updated in September 2019

early period

Main period

Additional period (September terms)

More detailed selections by subjects:

Tasks 1.1.3, 1.2.3 and criteria for their verification and

evaluation

The last task of part 1 (1.1.3 or 1.2.3) is a task of an increased level of complexity and requires writing, based on the texts given in the work, a detailed connected answer of 5–8 sentences (an indication of the volume is conditional).

The task involves comparing two texts (text fragments) in the indicated direction, independently extracting information from the material proposed for comparison, finding grounds for building a comparative analysis within the framework of the perspective specified in the task.

Before completing this task, it is necessary to carefully read the text proposed for comparison, to understand its connection with the main text. Task 1.1.3 (1.2.3) aims the examinee at a transformative reproduction or some interpretation of the information contained in the texts.

The fulfillment of task 1.1.3 (1.2.3) is evaluated according to the following universal generalized criteria, which do not depend on the content of specific texts.

Criteria for checking and evaluating the performance of comparative tasks 1.1.3 and 1.2.3, requiring writing a coherent answer of 5–8 sentences

Indication of the volume is conditional; the assessment of the answer depends on its content (with deep knowledge, the examinee can answer in a larger volume; with the ability to accurately formulate his thoughts, the examinee can answer quite fully in a smaller volume). If, when checking the task of the specified group, the expert gives 0 points according to the first criterion, the task is considered not completed and is not evaluated according to other criteria (0 points are given in the protocol for checking answers).

Thus, the graduate should be able to:

1. Compare texts bythe direction indicated in the assignment analysis.

2. Build a comparative characteristic.

3. Know the content and problems of the work as a whole (or the features of the poet's work).

4. Understand the problems of the text proposed for comparison.

5. Give a meaningful justification for comparison.

6. Give convincing arguments.

8. Formulate your own justified position (if required by the specifics of a particular task).

9. Do not replace reasoning with a retelling of the text.

10. Own theoretical and literary concepts.

11. Make out the answer in accordance with speech norms.

Examples of task formulations 1.2.3.

1. Compare the poem "Sea" by V.A. Zhukovsky with the poem by F.I. Tyutchev "Sea and cliff". What is the differenceimage of the seain these works?
2. Compare the poem by A.S. Pushkin "To the Sea" with a poem by A.N. Apukhtin "Farewell to the village", given below. In both works it sounds farewell theme. What is the difference between these farewells?
3. Compare the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov “No, I don’t love you so passionately ...” with the poem by A.K. Tolstoy "With a gun behind his shoulders, alone, by the moon ...". What kindmotives and images bring togethert these poems?
4. Compare the poem by A.S. Pushkin "To Chaadaev" with a poem by M.Yu. Lermontov "Farewell, unwashed Russia ...". What do you seedifferences in the mood of lyrical heroesthese works?
5. Compare the fable of I.A. Krylov "Donkey and Nightingale" with the poem below by A.S. Pushkin "The Poet and the Crowd". Whichissues uniteboth works?
6. Compare the poem by V.A. Zhukovsky "The Unspeakable" with a poem by F.I. Tyutchev "Silentium". What kind ideas bring together these poems?
7. Compare the poems of M.Yu. Lermontov "Death of a Poet" and F.I. Tyutchev "January 29, 1837", dedicated to the death of A.S. Pushkin. Howcomprehension differstwo poets of the essence of the tragedy that happened?

The main theoretical and literary concepts:

theme, problem, idea, comprehension, representation of the author; motive, image; lyrical hero, state of mind of a lyrical hero, mood of a lyrical hero.

Work algorithm

1. Read the assignment carefully.
2. Highlight the key words in the sentence.
3. Remember the literary concepts that are required to complete the assignment.
4. Find grounds for comparison in the texts.
5. Build a comparison.

Example.

Compare the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov "Poet" with the following poem by F.I. Tyutchev "Poetry". What is the difference between the authors' ideas about the purpose of the poet and poetry?