DRINKING WATER

HYGIENE REQUIREMENTS AND CONTROLS
FOR QUALITY

GOST 2874-82

STANDARDS PUBLISHING HOUSE

Moscow

STATE STANDARD OF THE UNION OF THE SSR

Validity from 01.01.85

until 01.01.95

This standard applies to drinking water supplied by centralized drinking water supply systems, as well as centralized water supply systems that supply water for both domestic and drinking and technical purposes, and establishes hygiene requirements and control over the quality of drinking water.

The standard does not apply to water with non-centralized use of local sources without a distributing pipe network.

1. HYGIENE REQUIREMENTS

1.1. Drinking water should be epidemically safe, harmless in chemical composition and have favorable organoleptic properties.

1.2. The quality of water is determined by its composition and properties when it enters the water supply network; at the points of water intake of the external and internal water supply network.

1.3. Microbiological indicators of water

1.3.1. Water safety in epidemic terms is determined by the total number of microorganisms and the number of bacteria of the Escherichia coli group.

standard

Test method

The number of microorganisms in 1 cm 3 of water, no more

According to GOST 18963-73

The number of bacteria of the group of Escherichia coli in 1 dm 3 of water (coli-index), no more

According to GOST 18963-73

1.4. Toxicological indicators of water

1.4.1. Toxicological indicators of water quality characterize the harmlessness of its chemical composition and include standards for substances:

found in natural waters;

added to water during processing in the form of reagents;

appearing as a result of industrial, agricultural, domestic and other pollution of water supply sources.

standard

Test method

Residual aluminum (Al), mg/dm 3 , no more

According to GOST 18165-89

Beryllium (Be), mg/dm 3 , no more

0,0002

According to GOST 18294-89

Molybdenum (Mo), mg/dm 3 , no more

0,25

According to GOST 18308-72

Arsenic (As), mg/dm 3 , no more

0,05

According to GOST 4152-89

Nitrates (NO 3), mg/dm 3 , no more

45,0

standard

Test method

Hydrogen index, pH

6,0-9,0

Measured with a pH meter of any model with a glass electrode with a measurement error not exceeding 0.1 pH

Iron (Fe), mg/dm 3 , no more

standard

Test method

Smell at 20 ° C and when heated to 60°, points, no more

According to GOST 3351-74

Taste and taste at 20° C, points, no more

According to GOST 3351-74

Color, degrees, no more

According to GOST 3351-74

Turbidity according to the standard scale, mg/dm 3 , no more

According to GOST 3351-74

Note. By agreement with the bodies of the sanitary and epidemiological service, it is allowed to increase the color of the water up to 35 °; turbidity (during the flood period) up to 2 mg / dm 3.

(Revised edition, Rev. No. 1).

1.5.4. The water must not contain aquatic organisms visible to the naked eye and must not have a film on the surface.

On water pipelines with an underground source of water supply, water analysis during the first year of operation is carried out at least four times (according to the seasons of the year), in the future - at least once a year in the most unfavorable period according to the results of observations of the first year.

On water pipes with a surface source of water supply, water analysis is carried out at least once a month.

2.4. Laboratory and production control of water quality before entering the network is carried out according to microbiological, chemical and organoleptic indicators.

2.4.1. Microbiological analysis is carried out according to the indicators established in.

On water pipes with an underground source of water supply, an analysis should be carried out in the absence of disinfection:

at least once a month - with a population of up to 20,000 people;

at least twice a month -»»» up to 50,000 people;

at least once a week - »»» more than 50,000 people;

when disinfecting:

once a week - with a population of up to 20,000 people;

three times a week -»»»up to 50,000 people;

daily -»»»more than 50,000 people.

On water pipes with a surface source of water supply, an analysis should be carried out:

at least once a week and daily in the spring and autumn periods - with a population of up to 10,000 people;

at least once a day - more than 10,000 people.

Residual chlorine concentration, mg/dm 3

Required contact time of chlorine with water, min, not less than

1. Free

0,3-0,5

2. Bound

0,8-1,2

Note. In the joint presence of free and combined chlorine, with a free chlorine concentration of more than 0.3 mg / dm 3, control is carried out according to subparagraph 1, with a free chlorine concentration of less than 0.3 mg / dm 3 - according to subparagraph 2.

2.4.4. In some cases, at the direction of the sanitary-epidemiological service or in agreement with them, an increased concentration of residual chlorine in the water is allowed.

2.4.5. When ozonizing water for the purpose of disinfection, the concentration of residual ozone after the displacement chamber should be 0.1-0.3 mg / dm 3 while ensuring a contact time of at least 12 minutes.

2.4.6. If it is necessary to combat biological fouling in the water supply network, the injection sites and doses of chlorine are agreed with the bodies of the sanitary and epidemiological service.

2.5. Chemical analysis of water is carried out according to the indicators established in and (with the exception of residual amounts of reagents), as well as according to. The list of indicators and the frequency of sampling are coordinated with the bodies of the sanitary and epidemiological service, taking into account local natural and sanitary conditions.

2.5.1. Laboratory and production control over residual amounts of reagents and removed substances during water treatment in water pipes by special methods is carried out depending on the nature of the treatment in accordance with the schedule agreed with the sanitary and epidemiological service, but at least once per shift.

2.6. The organoleptic indicators indicated in are determined in the analysis of all samples (with the exception of samples for residual chlorine and ozone) taken from underground and surface sources in water pipes.

If microbial contamination is found in excess of permissible standards, to identify the causes of contamination, repeated sampling should be carried out with additional studies for the presence of bacteria-indicators of fresh fecal contamination according to GOST 18963-73, mineral nitrogen-containing substances according to GOST 4192-82 and GOST 18826-73; chlorides according to GOST 4245-72.

2.7.1. Sampling in the distribution network is carried out from street water-dispensing devices that characterize the quality of water in the main main water supply lines, from the most elevated and dead-end sections of the street distribution network. Sampling is also carried out from the taps of the internal water supply networks of all houses with pumping and local water tanks.

2.7.2. The total number of samples for analysis at the indicated locations of the distribution network must be agreed with the authorities of the sanitary and epidemiological service and comply with the requirements.

Table 6

The samples do not include mandatory control samples after repair and reconstruction of the water supply and distribution network.

What do we know about standards? With the development of trade relations, mankind is faced with the problem of quality control of any manufactured product. To do this, each state created appropriate norms and standards. With the development of international relations, these norms and quality standards were brought to uniform requirements. Currently, there are several world organizations dealing with the problems of water standardization. Documents have been published in which general and main recommendations on water quality are given. Each country also establishes additional necessary standards for the water of its area.

- World Health Organization(WHO), whose main task is to solve international problems of public health protection. In 1984, WHO issued the main quality standard - "Guidelines for the control of drinking water quality", on the basis of which standards of other states are being developed. The WHO recommendations are the result of many years of fundamental research and are based on the concept of Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI). WHO recommendations on drinking water can be found, for example, in EU Directive 98/83/EC (drinking), in Directive No. 2009/54/EC on mineral water.

PSP is the amount of a substance in food or water, based on body weight (mg/kg or mcg/kg), that can be consumed daily throughout life without appreciable risk to health. As a result of the research, PSP values ​​were obtained for the main substances potentially harmful to humans. Based on these data, using a complex system of correction factors, standards for the content of the main harmful substances in water were developed. Moreover, what is very important, when determining the recommended values ​​for water, the intake of a substance from all sources (with food, respiration, etc.) was taken into account. This approach ensures that the total daily intake of the substance from all sources (including drinking water containing concentrations of the substance at or near the recommended level) does not exceed the tolerable daily intake.

- European Community(EC) The European Community Directive (EC) concerning "the quality of water intended for human consumption" (80/778/EC) was adopted by the European Council on 15 July 1980. Better known as the Drinking Water Directive, this document formed the basis for the water legislation of the European EU member states.

The Directive regulates 66 drinking water quality parameters, divided into several groups (organoleptic indicators; physico-chemical parameters; substances whose presence in water in large quantities is undesirable; toxic substances, microbiological indicators and parameters of softened water intended for consumption). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S.EPA) The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is a U.S. government agency charged with protecting public health and protecting the environment. This agency developed the US federal drinking water quality standard. This standard includes two sections: National Primary Drinking Water Regulations is a mandatory standard that currently combines 79 parameters (organic and inorganic impurities, radionuclides, microorganisms) that are potentially hazardous to human health; National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations - a standard that is advisory in nature and includes a list of 15 parameters, exceeding the standards for which can worsen the consumer quality of water.

To date, new Directives have been developed, as indicated above. They can be found on the Internet.

State Standard of the Russian Federation(GOST). The basis of GOSTs is sanitary rules and norms (SanPiN) No. 214.1116-02, which divide bottled water into two categories - the highest and the first. Waters of the highest and first categories differ in the content of biogenic elements that determine the physical usefulness of water - calcium, magnesium, fluorine and iodine. Many manufacturers in our country work according to the Technical Specifications (TU). According to the unified classifier, waters produced according to specifications starting with the number 9185 refer to mineral waters, and from the number 0131 - bottled table drinking water (non-mineral).

The standards of the countries of the European Community, the World Health Organization differ from the approach from the Russian one in that water is classified taking into account the original source and does not affect biomedical principles important for human health when drinking this water from a specific source. Russian water standards are stricter than recommended in international documents. . Experts in this field compare their data with foreign studies. If the standards of our country are more stringent than recommended by WHO, then our standards are taken as a basis. If foreign documents require more stringent criteria - respectively.

All waters that have received a certificate or product certificate must be registered in the Register of Rospotrebnadzor fp.crc.ru (it can be viewed on the Internet).

Memo according to GOSTs:

International documents regulating water quality:

Each type of water has its own GOST, since all these waters have different requirements.

Tap water cannot be made of ideal quality (due to the large amount of pollution).

Mineral water should primarily heal. And it is prepared according to its own special technology, often using carbon dioxide for disinfection, which is unacceptable for children under 7 years old. Table water often contains large amounts of individual trace elements. And also carbon dioxide.

If you choose water for drinking for every day, for a child or for special groups of citizens: pregnant women, the elderly, people with poor health, working in hazardous industries, then the basis of water quality, of course, should be taken San Ping for bottled water 2.1.4.1116-02. This San Ping was developed by scientists to control the quality of drinking fresh water for every day. According to this San Ping, children's water is considered the highest quality, then the highest category.

This is the kind of water you can ORDER we have.

You can ask us your question about water by e-mail [email protected] or by phone 8-926-011-79-76 Maria

If you have questions about water quality indicators, categories of drinking water, How to choose the right bottled water, you can read our materials on the website

DRINKING WATER

HYGIENE REQUIREMENTS AND CONTROLS
FOR QUALITY

GOST 2874-82

STANDARDS PUBLISHING HOUSE

STATE STANDARD OF THE UNION OF THE SSR

Validity from 01.01.85

until 01.01.95

This standard applies to drinking water supplied by centralized drinking water supply systems, as well as centralized water supply systems that supply water for both domestic and drinking and technical purposes, and establishes hygiene requirements and control over the quality of drinking water. The standard does not apply to water with non-centralized use of local sources without a distributing pipe network.

1. HYGIENE REQUIREMENTS

Table 1

table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Where C 1 , C 2 , C n are the detected concentrations, mg/dm 3 . (Revised edition, Rev. No. 2).

2. WATER QUALITY CONTROL

when disinfecting:

Once a week - with a population of up to 20,000 people; three times a week - » » » up to 50,000 people; daily - » » » more than 50,000 people. On water pipelines with a surface source of water supply, an analysis should be carried out: at least once a week and daily in the spring and autumn periods - with a population of up to 10,000 people; at least once a day - more than 10,000 people. 2.4.2. When monitoring the disinfection of water with chlorine and ozone in water pipes with underground and surface water sources, the concentration of residual chlorine and residual ozone is determined at least once per hour according to GOST 18190-72 and GOST 18301-72. 2.4.3. The content of residual chlorine in water after clean water tanks should be within the limits indicated in Table. five.

Table 5

Table 6

INFORMATION DATA

drinking water. General requirements

for organization and quality control methods

OKS 13.060.20

Introduction date 1999-07-01

Foreword

1 DEVELOPED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TK 343 "Water Quality" (VNIIstandart, MosvodokanalNIIproekt, GUP TsIKV, UNIIM, NIIECHGO named after A.N. Sysin GITsPV)

INTRODUCED by the Department of Agrolight Industry and Chemical Products of the State Standard of Russia

3 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

1 area of ​​use

This standard applies to drinking water produced and supplied by centralized drinking water supply systems and establishes general requirements for the organization and methods of drinking water quality control.

The standard applies in terms of requirements for control methods and for drinking water of non-centralized and autonomous water supply systems.

The standard is also used when carrying out certification work.

GOST 8.315-97 GSI. Standard samples of the composition and properties of substances and materials. Key points

GOST 8.417-81 GSI. Units of physical quantities

GOST R 8.563-96 GSI. Measurement techniques

GOST 3351-74 Drinking water. Methods for determining taste, smell, color and turbidity

GOST 4011-72 Drinking water. Methods for measuring the mass concentration of total iron

GOST 4151-72 Drinking water. Method for determining the total hardness

GOST 4152-89 Drinking water. Method for determining the mass concentration of arsenic

GOST 4192-82 Drinking water. Methods for the determination of mineral nitrogen-containing substances

GOST 4245-72 Drinking water. Methods for determining the content of chlorides

GOST 4386-89 Drinking water. Methods for determining the mass concentration of fluorides

GOST 4388-72 Drinking water. Methods for determining the mass concentration of copper

GOST 4389-72 Drinking water. Methods for determining the content of sulfates

GOST 4974-72 Drinking water. Methods for determining the content of manganese

GOST 4979-49 Water for household and industrial water supply. Methods of chemical analysis. Sampling, storage and transportation of samples

GOST 18164-72 Drinking water. Method for determining the content of dry residue

GOST 18165-89 Drinking water. Method for determining the mass concentration of aluminum

GOST 18190-72 Drinking water. Methods for determining the content of residual active chlorine

GOST 18293-72 Drinking water. Methods for determining the content of lead, zinc, silver

GOST 18294-89 Drinking water. Method for determining the mass concentration of beryllium

GOST 18301-72 Drinking water. Methods for determining the content of residual ozone

GOST 18308-72 Drinking water. Method for determining the content of molybdenum

GOST 18309-72 Drinking water. Method for determining the content of polyphosphates

GOST 18826-73 Drinking water. Methods for determining the content of nitrates

GOST 18963-73 Drinking water. Methods of sanitary-bacteriological analysis

GOST 19355-85 Drinking water. Methods for the determination of polyacrylamide

GOST 19413-89 Drinking water. Methods for determining the mass concentration of selenium

GOST 23950-88 Drinking water. Method for determining the mass concentration of strontium

GOST 24481-80 Drinking water. Sample selection

GOST 27384-87 Water. Standards of measurement error of indicators of composition and properties

GOST R 51000.1-95 GSS. Accreditation system in the Russian Federation. System of accreditation of certification bodies, testing and measuring laboratories. General requirements

GOST R 51000.3-96 General requirements for testing laboratories

GOST R 51000.4-96 GSS. Accreditation system in the Russian Federation. General requirements for accreditation of testing laboratories

GOST R 51209-98 Drinking water. Method for determining the content of organochlorine pesticides by gas-liquid chromatography

GOST R 51210-98 Drinking water. Boron content determination method

GOST R 51211-98 Drinking water. Methods for determining the content of surfactants

GOST R 51212-98 Drinking water. Methods for determining the content of total mercury by flameless atomic absorption spectrometry

3 General

3.1 This standard is used in the organization of production control and the choice of methods for determining the quality indicators of drinking water and water source water, in assessing the state of measurements in laboratories, in their certification and accreditation, as well as in the implementation of metrological control and supervision of the activities of laboratories that carry out quality control ( determination of the composition and properties) of drinking water and water source.

3.2 The quality of drinking water must comply with the requirements of the current sanitary rules and regulations approved in the prescribed manner.

3.3 Production quality control of drinking water is organized and (or) carried out by organizations that operate water supply systems and are responsible for the quality of drinking water supplied to the consumer.

3.4 The organization of the work of production control should provide measurement conditions that allow obtaining reliable and timely information about the quality of drinking water in units of quantities established by GOST 8.417, with a determination error not exceeding the standards established by GOST 27384, using measuring instruments entered in the state register of approved types of measuring instruments and verified. Methods used to determine drinking water quality indicators must be standardized or certified in accordance with the requirements of GOST R 8.563; to determine biological indicators, it is allowed to use methods approved by the Ministry of Health of Russia.

3.5 Laboratories are subject to assessment of the state of measurements according to and (or) accreditation in accordance with GOST R 51000.1, GOST R 51000.3, GOST R 51000.4.

3.6 Water control for the presence of pathogenic microorganisms is carried out in laboratories that have permission to work with pathogens of the corresponding pathogenicity group and a license to perform these works.

3.7 Production quality control of drinking water includes:

Determination of the composition and properties of water from a water supply source and drinking water at water intake points, before it enters the water supply network, distribution network;

Input control of the availability of accompanying documentation (technical specifications, certificate of conformity or hygienic certificate (hygienic conclusion) for reagents, materials and other products used in the water treatment process;

Input selective control of products used in the process of water treatment for compliance with the requirements and regulatory documentation for a specific product;

In accordance with the technological regulations, step-by-step control of the optimal doses of reagents introduced for water purification;

Development of a control schedule agreed with the territorial bodies of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision of Russia and (or) departmental sanitary and epidemiological supervision in the prescribed manner, which should contain controlled indicators; the frequency and number of samples taken; points and dates of sampling, etc.;

Emergency notification of sanitary and epidemiological supervision centers about all cases of drinking water quality control results that do not meet hygienic standards, first of all, excesses in microbiological and toxicological indicators;

Monthly informing the centers of sanitary and epidemiological supervision about the results of production control.

3.8 When making administrative decisions on assessing the excess of the results of determining the content of the controlled indicator in relation to the hygienic standard for the quality of drinking water, the results of determining the content of the controlled indicator without taking into account the values ​​of the error characteristic are taken into consideration. In this case, the determination error must comply with the established standards.

3.9 To determine the quality of drinking water, laboratories accredited in accordance with the established procedure for technical competence in performing drinking water quality tests may be involved on a contractual basis; when conducting arbitration and certification tests - for technical competence and legal independence.

3.10 Laboratories must comply with safety, fire safety and industrial hygiene requirements.

4 Production control

4.1 Production control of water quality is carried out at the places of water intake from the water supply source, before it enters the distribution water supply network, as well as at the points of the distribution network.

Water quality control at various stages of the water treatment process is carried out in accordance with the technological regulations.

4.2 The number of points for sampling water and their location at the water intake, in clean water tanks and pressure conduits, before entering the distribution network, are established by the owners of the water supply systems (external and internal) in agreement with the bodies of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision of Russia and (or) departmental sanitary epidemiological surveillance. Water sampling from the distribution network is carried out from street water-dispensing devices on the main main lines, on its most elevated and dead-end sections, as well as from the taps of the internal water supply networks of houses.

It is allowed to take samples from the taps of pipelines introduced into the production laboratory from the main control points of water sampling, if this ensures the stability of the water composition at the stage of its transportation through the pipeline to the laboratory.

4.3 Selection, conservation, storage and transportation of water samples is carried out in accordance with GOST 4979, GOST 24481, as well as in accordance with the requirements of standards and other applicable regulatory documents for methods for determining a specific indicator, approved in the prescribed manner.

4.4 In terms of metrological support, laboratories must meet the following conditions:

Application of verified measuring instruments;

Use of state and interstate standard samples (GSO);

Use of standardized and (or) certified methods of definitions, as well as methods approved by the Ministry of Health of Russia;

Availability of updated documents on control indicators and analysis methods;

Permanent intralaboratory quality control of the results of determinations;

The system of advanced training of laboratory personnel.

4.5 To control the quality of drinking water, use the methods of determination specified for:

Summarized indicators in Table 2;

Some inorganic substances in table 3;

Some organics in table 4;

Some harmful chemicals that enter and form in the process of water treatment, in table 5;

Organoleptic properties of drinking water in table 6;

Radiation safety of drinking water in table 7.

Table 2 - Methods for determining generalized indicators of drinking water quality

Table 3 - Methods for determining the content of certain inorganic substances in drinking water

Table 4 - Methods for determining the content of certain organic substances in drinking water

Table 5 - Methods for determining harmful chemicals entering and forming in the process of water treatment

Table 6 - Methods for determining the organoleptic properties of drinking water

Table 7 - Methods for determining the radiation safety of drinking water

It is allowed to use other methods of determinations that meet the requirements of 3.4.

For indicators not included in tables 3 and 4, methods are used that meet the requirements of 3.4, and in their absence, the methodology is developed and certified in the prescribed manner.

4.6 For the methods given in the state standards indicated in tables 2, 3, 5, 6, which have insufficient information about the error characteristic (and its components), the required values ​​​​of the error characteristic (and its components) are calculated in accordance with Appendix A.

4.7 When choosing certified methods, the following are taken into account:

Measurement ranges;

Characteristics of the error;

Availability of measuring instruments, auxiliary equipment, standard samples, reagents and materials;

Assessment of influencing factors;

Personnel qualification.

4.8 Methods should contain metrological characteristics and the corresponding control standards, interconnected with the assigned (permissible) characteristics of the error of the analysis results or its components.

4.9 The measurement error should not exceed the values ​​established by GOST 27384.

4.10 The control method used should have a lower limit of the range of determined contents of not more than 0.5 MPC.

4.11 The introduction of determination methods into the practice of the laboratory is carried out after confirming its metrological characteristics by conducting internal operational control (IQA) of the quality of the determination results (convergence, reproducibility, accuracy) in accordance with the requirements specified in the procedure. In the absence of error characteristics in the RD for the methodology, as well as the algorithms of the FQA standards, the implementation of the methodology is carried out according to the following scheme:

Approbation using distilled water with the addition of an indicator to be determined, prepared from the corresponding GSO;

Determination of the indicator using a real (working) water sample;

Determination of the indicator using a real water sample with the addition of the indicator to be determined (hereinafter referred to as the "coded sample"), prepared from the corresponding GSO.

Conclusions about the implementation of the methodology are made in accordance with the control algorithms given in Appendix B.

The implementation of the methodology is formalized in the manner established by the organization.

Note - If for the methodology of determinations the calculated value of the error characteristic is set and during the implementation of the methodology it is established that it is impossible to obtain satisfactory results of the FQA, then another calculated value of the error characteristic should be set or another determination method should be used for these purposes.

4.12 Used standard samples (RM) must comply with the requirements of GOST 8.315, have, as a rule, the rank of state (interstate) and, upon admission to the laboratory, be accompanied by a passport.

If there is no RM in the state register, it is allowed to use mixtures certified in the prescribed manner. Certification of mixtures - according to .

4.13 It is allowed to control drinking water quality indicators with automatic and automated measuring instruments (analyzers) entered in the state register of approved types of measuring instruments.

4.14 When obtaining the results of determining less than the lower limit of the measurement range according to the applied methodology and when presenting these results, it is not allowed to use the designation "0"; record the value of the lower limit of the measurement range with a sign less.

5 Internal operational control

5.1 Internal operational quality control of the results of determinations (WQA) is carried out in order to prevent the receipt in the laboratory of false information on the composition of drinking water and water source.

5.2 Requirements for the organization and conduct of the EQA are given in.

5.3 Carry out an EQA for the convergence, reproducibility and accuracy of the results of the determinations.

5.4 WQA of accuracy is carried out, as a rule, using the method of adding standard samples, certified mixtures to working samples of drinking water.

5.5 Algorithms for conducting an EQA of the quality of the results of determinations are given in the methods for determining, and if not in the methods, in and in Appendix B.

5.6 To assess the real quality of the results of determinations and to effectively manage this quality, the WQA should be supplemented with internal statistical control in accordance with.

5.7 For accredited laboratories, the EQA system is agreed with the accreditation body and established in the quality manual of the accredited laboratory.

APPENDIX A

(reference)

Calculation of the error characteristic and its components based on the data,

given in the regulatory documents on methods for determining the content of the indicator

APPENDIX B

(reference)

Algorithms for conducting internal operational control

quality of the results of determinations in accordance with

B.1 Operational quality control of the results of determinations is carried out once during the period of time in which the conditions for conducting determinations are assumed to be stable. The volume of samples for conducting an EQA of the quality of the results of determinations - controls also depends on the established plans for statistical control (see, for example, in).

B.2 Algorithm for real-time control of accuracy

B.2.1 During operational control of accuracy, the means of control is a specially selected working sample from among those analyzed earlier with the addition of a standard sample or a certified mixture. It is recommended that the interval of the content of the component in the working sample be in the region of the most typical (average) values ​​for working samples. The content of the added additive should be comparable in value with the average content of the measured component in the working samples and correspond to the range of determined contents according to the method used. The additive is introduced into the sample before the preparation of the sample for analysis in accordance with the procedure.

In the case when it is technically difficult to use working samples with additives as a means of control, then solutions of standard samples or certified mixtures are used as a means of control.

B.2.2 The decision on the satisfactory accuracy of the results of the determinations and on their continuation is made on the condition that:

(B.1)

where is the content of the determined component in the sample with the additive;

The content of the determined component in the sample without additive;

The content of the component to be determined in the introduced additive, calculated on the basis of the certified value of its content in the standard sample or certified mixture;

Operational accuracy control standard.

(B.2)

where is the characteristic of the error corresponding to the content of the component in the sample with the additive;

Characteristic of the error corresponding to the content of the component in the sample without additive.

B.2.3 If the laboratory determines the composition of pure natural and drinking waters and it is known that the content of the controlled component in the working sample is negligible, then the decision on the satisfactory accuracy of the determination results is made on the condition

At the same time (B.3)

where is the characteristic of the error corresponding to the content of the component in the standard sample or in the certified mixture.

The same condition is applied when using solutions of standard samples or certified mixtures as a means of control.

B.2.4 If the WOK accuracy standard is exceeded, the determination is repeated. If the specified standard is repeatedly exceeded, the determination is suspended, the reasons leading to unsatisfactory results are clarified, and they are eliminated.

B.3 Algorithm for conducting internal operational control of convergence

B.3.1 Operational control of convergence is carried out if the technique provides for parallel determinations.

B.3.2 The EQA of the convergence of the results of the analysis is carried out at the receipt of each result, which provides for parallel determinations.

B.3.3 WQA of convergence is carried out by comparing the discrepancy between the results of parallel determinations obtained in the analysis of the sample with the standard WQA of convergence given in the certified method.

The convergence of the results of parallel determinations is considered satisfactory if

(B.4)

where is the maximum result from n parallel definitions;

The minimum result of n parallel definitions;

WOK convergence standard given in the analysis procedure.

If there is no WQA convergence standard in the methodology, then it is calculated by the formula

(B.5)

where at , ;

() - indicator of convergence (characteristic of the component of the random component of the error, corresponding to the content of the indicator in the sample).

B.3.4 If , then the convergence of the results of parallel determinations is recognized as satisfactory, and the result of determining the content of the component in the working sample or in the control determination can be calculated from them.

B.3.5 If the WOK convergence standard is exceeded, the determination is repeated. If the specified standard is repeatedly exceeded, the determination is suspended, the reasons leading to unsatisfactory results are clarified, and they are eliminated.

B.4 Algorithm for conducting internal operational control of reproducibility

B.4.1 Operational control of reproducibility is carried out using a working sample, which is divided into two parts and issued to two analysts or the same analyst, but after a certain period of time, during which the conditions for the determination remain stable and correspond to the conditions for the first control determination.

When the determination is carried out by the same analyst, the conditions for the analysis and the composition of the controlled sample, which is issued necessarily "encrypted", must remain unchanged.

The results are considered satisfactory if the condition is met

(B.6)

where is the standard for internal operational control of reproducibility;

The result of the first quantitative determination of the indicator;

The result of the repeated quantitative determination of the indicator;

The result obtained during the control determination.

B.4.2 If there is no standard for internal operational control of reproducibility in the methodology, then it is calculated by the formula

or , (B.7)

where is the reproducibility indicator (characteristic of the random component of the error corresponding to the content of the component in the sample):

(B.8)

where at , ;

B.4.3 If the WQA standard for reproducibility is exceeded, the determination is repeated. If the specified standard is repeatedly exceeded, the reasons leading to unsatisfactory control results are found out and eliminated.

APPENDIX B

(reference)

MUK 4.2.671-97 Guidelines. Control methods. Biological and microbiological factors. Methods of sanitary-microbiological analysis of drinking water. Approved by the Russian Ministry of Health. M., 1997

ISO 8467-93 Water quality. Determination of the permanganate index.

Guidelines for the implementation of the new GOST 2761-84 "Sources of centralized domestic drinking water supply. Hygienic, technical requirements and selection rules". Approved by the Ministry of Health of the USSR. M., 1986

RD 52.24.476-95 Guidelines. IR-photometric determination of oil products in waters. Approved by Roshydromet

RD 52.24.488-95 Guidelines. Photometric determination of the total content of volatile phenols in water after steam stripping. Approved by Roshydromet.

ISO 6439-90 Water quality. Determination of the phenol index with 4-amino-antipyrine. Spectrometric methods after distillation

RD 52.24.377-95 Guidelines. Atomic absorption determination of metals (Al, Ag, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, V, Zn) in land surface waters with direct electrothermal atomization of samples. Approved by Roshydromet

ISO 11885-96 Water quality. Determination of 33 elements by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry

UMI-87 Unified methods for the study of water quality. Part 1, book. 2, 3. Methods of chemical analysis of waters. SEV, M., 1987

ISO 9390-90 Water quality. Definition of borate. Spectrometric method using azomethine-H

MUK 4.1.057-96 Collection of guidelines MUK 4.1.057-96 - MUK 4.1.081-96. Control methods. chemical factors. Measurement of the mass concentration of substances by luminescent methods in environmental objects. Approved by the Ministry of Health of Russia, M., 1996

RD 52.24.436-95 Guidelines. Photometric determination of cadmium with cadion in water. Approved by Roshydromet

ISO 5961-94 Water quality. Determination of cadmium by atomic absorption spectrometry.

ISO 8288-86 Water quality. Determination of the content of cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium and lead. Spectrometric method of atomic absorption in a flame.

RD 52.24.377-95 Guidelines. Atomic absorption determination of metals (Al, Ag, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, V, Zn) in land surface waters with direct electrothermal atomization of samples. Approved by Roshydromet

ISO 8288-86 Water quality. Determination of the content of cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium and lead. Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Method

MUK 4.1.063-96 Collection of guidelines MUK 4.1.057-96 - MUK 4.1.081-96. Control methods. chemical factors. Measurement of the mass concentration of substances by luminescent methods in environmental objects. Approved by the Ministry of Health of Russia, M., 1996

RD 52.24.371-95 Guidelines. Method for performing measurements of the mass concentration of copper, lead and cadmium in the surface waters of the land by the stripping voltammetric method. Approved by Roshydromet

RD 52.24.378-95 Guidelines. Inversion voltammetric determination of arsenic in waters. Approved by Roshydromet

RD 33-5.3.02-96 Water quality. Quantitative chemical analysis of waters. Method for measuring the mass concentration of arsenic in natural and treated wastewater by the titrimetric method with a lead salt in the presence of dithizone

RD 20.1:2:3.19-95 Methods for performing measurements of beryllium, vanadium, bismuth, cadmium, cobalt, copper, molybdenum, arsenic, nickel, tin, lead, selenium, silver, antimony in drinking natural and waste water

RD 52.24.494-95 Guidelines. Photometric determination of nickel with dimethylglyoxime in land surface waters. Approved by Roshydromet

RD 52.24.380-95 Guidelines. Photometric determination of nitrates in water with the Griess reagent after reduction in a cadmium reducer. Approved by Roshydromet

ISO 7890-1-86 Water quality. Determination of nitrate content. Part 1. Spectrometric method using 2,6-dimethylphenol.

ISO 7890-2-86 Water quality. Determination of nitrate content. Part 2. Spectrometric method using 4-fluorophenol after distillation.

ISO 7890-3-88 Water quality. Determination of nitrate content. Part 3. Spectrometric method using sulfosalicylic acid

ISO 10304-1-92 Water quality. Determination of dissolved fluoride, chloride, nitrite, orthophosphate, bromide, nitrate and sulfate by liquid ion chromatography. Part 1. Method for waters with small degrees of pollution.

ISO 10304-2-95 Water quality. Determination of dissolved bromide, chloride, nitrate, nitrite, orthophosphate and sulfate by liquid ion chromatography. Part 2. Method for polluted waters

ISO 6777-84 Water quality. Determination of nitrites. Molecular absorption spectrometric method

MUK 4.1.065-96 Collection of guidelines MUK 4.1.057-96 - MUK 4.1.081-96. Control methods. chemical factors. Measurement of the mass concentration of substances by luminescent methods in environmental objects. Approved by the Ministry of Health of Russia, M., 1996

PND F 14.1:2:4.41-95 Methodology for measuring the mass concentration of lead by the cryoluminescent method in samples of natural, drinking and waste water on the Fluorat-02 liquid analyzer. Approved by the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia

MUK 4.1.067-96 Collection of guidelines MUK 4.1.057-96 - MUK 4.1.081-96. Control methods. chemical factors. Measurement of the mass concentration of substances by luminescent methods in environmental objects. Approved by the Ministry of Health of Russia, M., 1996

RD 52.24.377-95 Guidelines. Atomic absorption determination of metals (Al, Ag, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, V, Zn) in land surface waters with direct electrothermal atomization of samples. Approved by Roshydromet.

ISO 9174-90 Water quality. Determination of total chromium content. Spectrometric methods of atomic absorption

RD 52.24.446-95 Guidelines. Photometric determination of chromium (VI) in water with diphenylcarbazide. Approved by Roshydromet

MUK 4.1.062-96 Collection of guidelines MUK 4.1.067-96 - MUK 4.1.081-96. Control methods. chemical factors. Measurement of the mass concentration of substances by luminescent methods in environmental objects. Approved by the Ministry of Health of Russia, M., 1996

ISO 6703-1-84 Water quality. Determination of cyanide content. Part 1. Determination of total cyanide content.

ISO 6703-2-84 Water quality. Determination of cyanide content. Part 2. Determination of easily emitted cyanides.

ISO 6703-3-84 Water quality. Determination of cyanide content. Part 3: Determination of cyanogen chloride content

MUK 4.1.058-96 Collection of guidelines MUK 4.1.057-96 - MUK 4.1.081-96. Control methods. chemical factors. Measurement of the mass concentration of substances by luminescent methods in environmental objects. Approved by the Ministry of Health of Russia, M., 1996

RD 52.24.373-95 Guidelines. Method for performing measurements of the mass concentration of zinc in surface waters of land by stripping voltammetric method. Approved by Roshydromet

RD 52.24.438-95 Guidelines. Method for performing measurements of the mass concentration of dicotex and 2,4-D in surface waters of land by gas chromatography. Approved by Roshydromet

MUK 4.1.646-96 Collection of guidelines MUK 4.1.646-96 - MUK 4.1.660-96. Control methods. chemical factors. Guidelines for determining the concentrations of chemicals in the water of the centralized utility and drinking water supply. Approved by the Ministry of Health of Russia, M., 1996

RD 52.24.473-95 Guidelines. Gas chromatographic determination of volatile aromatic hydrocarbons in waters. Approved by Roshydromet.

MUK 4.1.650-96 Collection of guidelines MUK 4.1.646-96 - MUK 4.1.660-96. Control methods. chemical factors. Guidelines for determining the concentrations of chemicals in the water of the centralized utility and drinking water supply. Approved by the Ministry of Health of Russia, M., 1996

RD 52.24.440-95 Guidelines. Determination of the total content of 4-7-nuclear polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in waters using thin-layer chromatography in combination with luminescence. Approved by Roshydromet

RD 52.24.482-95 Guidelines. Gas chromatographic determination of volatile chlorine-substituted hydrocarbons in waters. Approved by Roshydromet

RD 52.24.492-95 Guidelines. Photometric determination of formaldehyde in water with acetylacetone. Approved by Roshydromet

PND F 14.1:2:4.120-96 Methodology for measuring the mass concentration of formaldehyde by the fluorimetric method in samples of natural, drinking and waste water on the Fluorat-02 liquid analyzer. Approved by the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia

RD 52.24.432-95 Guidelines. Photometric determination of silicon in the form of a blue (reduced) form of molybdosilicic acid in land surface waters. Approved by Roshydromet.

RD 52.24.433-95 Guidelines. Photometric determination of silicon as a yellow form of molybdosilicic acid in land surface waters. Approved by Roshydromet

ISO 7027-90 Water quality. Turbidity determination

ISO 9696-92 Water quality. Measurement of "large alpha" activity in non-mineralized water. Concentrated Source Method

ISO 9697-92 Water quality. Measurement of "large beta" activity in non-mineralized water

Keywords: drinking water, determination methods, production control, drinking water quality

Table of maximum permissible concentrations

If the characteristics of your water do not meet the standards, contact a water treatment specialist.