1. ANALYSIS OF OCCUPATIONAL INJURIES

1.1. Causes of industrial injuries

and methods of its analysis

To improve working conditions in production, the task is always to establish the causes and patterns of accidents and occupational diseases. This is preceded by a deviation of the production process from the normal course.

Causes of industrial injuries

Currently, the analysis identifies the following causes of industrial injuries.

1. Organizational – absence or unsatisfactory provision of instructions and training in safe work methods; lack of work design, management and supervision of work; unsatisfactory work and rest regime; improper organization of the workplace, pedestrian and vehicle traffic; absence, malfunction or non-compliance with working conditions of work clothes, personal protective equipment, etc.

2. Technical reasons are divided into three types:

a) design - non-compliance of building structures, technological equipment, transport and energy devices with safety requirements; imperfect design of mounting equipment, hand and portable power tools; absence or imperfection of protective fuses and other technical safety measures;

b) technological – incorrect choice of equipment, equipment for lifting mechanisms and mechanization; disruption of the technological process;

c) unsatisfactory technical maintenance - lack of scheduled preventive inspections, technical maintenance and repair of equipment, equipment and vehicles; malfunction of hand and portable power tools.

3. The reasons for the unsatisfactory state of the production environment are unfavorable meteorological conditions; poor lighting; increased noise and vibration levels; increased concentration of harmful substances in the air of the work area; presence of harmful radiation, etc.

4. Psychophysiological – discrepancy between the anatomorphological and psychological characteristics of the human body and working conditions; unsatisfactory psychological climate in the team; alcohol intoxication, etc.

Methods for analyzing industrial injuries

When analyzing industrial injuries in order to identify and eliminate the causes that cause them, various methods are used:

– topographic: consists of studying the causes of accidents at the place of their occurrence. All accidents are systematically marked with symbols on work plans, as a result of which the places and production areas where injuries occurred are clearly visible;

– statistical: is based on the study of the causes of injuries according to documents recording the facts of accidents that have occurred (acts in form N-1) for a certain period of time. This method allows you to obtain comparative dynamics of injury rates for individual production facilities. In-depth statistical analysis is carried out by type of work, where information about the victims (profession, work experience, gender, age, etc.) and data on the time of the incident (year, month, day of the week, shift, hour of the working day, etc.) are analyzed. . P.);

– group: based on the study of repeated accidents, regardless of the severity of the injury. The available investigation material is divided into groups in order to identify accidents that are identical in circumstances, occurred under the same conditions, and also repeat in the nature of the damage. This allows us to determine the most traumatic professions and types of work;

– monographic: includes a detailed study of the entire complex of production conditions under which the accident occurred: labor and technological processes, workplace, main and auxiliary equipment, personal protective equipment, general conditions of the production environment, etc.

Quantitative assessment of occupational injuries

A number of indicators are used to assess the level of occupational injuries.

Injury frequency rate, which is the number of accidents per 1000 workers over a certain period

Where N– the number of accidents that occurred in the organization during the period under review;

R– the average composition of employees in the organization for the period under review.

The injury severity coefficient represents the average duration of temporary disability per one accident that occurred at work

where is the total number of days of incapacity for work due to injuries for the period under review.

The fatal accident frequency rate is the number of fatal accidents per 1000 workers and is assumed to be

, (1.3)

where is the number of fatal accidents during the period under review.

Example: Calculate the frequency rate and severity rate of injuries for a construction organization with 800 people, if it is known that over five years of its work there were 6 accidents with loss of temporary working capacity with a total duration of 72 days.

Solution: To determine the coefficients of frequency and severity of injuries in an organization, we use formulas (1.1) and (1.2):

;

1.2. Risk analysis methods

Risk is a quantitative assessment of danger, which is expressed as the ratio of the number of certain adverse consequences to their possible number for the period under consideration.

In relation to production activities, the concept of occupational injury risk is used as a quantitative indicator of safety. It determines the actual measure of the probability of damage to the health or death of a worker due to exposure to hazardous production factors during the performance of his work duties. The risk of occupational injuries is largely determined by the qualifications and training of workers to act in a dangerous situation and their protection. During the analysis, the risk value is not determined for each employee. This value can be determined for a group of people characterized by the same time spent in hazardous conditions, for example, for a team of finishing workers, etc.

Risk value R can be defined as the expected value of damage n caused over a period of time Dt, attributed to a group of people of P Human:

The concept of risk always includes two elements: the frequency with which a hazardous event occurs and the consequences of the hazardous event.

Risk assessment includes frequency analysis, consequence analysis and a combination of both. Therefore, it is advisable to consider risk analysis as part of a systematic approach to decision-making and practical measures in solving problems of preventing or reducing danger to human life, diseases or injuries, damage to property and the environment.

Planning and organization of work;

Hazard identification;

When planning and organizing work, the reasons and problems that necessitated the risk analysis are described.

When identifying hazards, the main task is to identify (based on information about the safety of a given facility, the results of examinations and experience in operating similar systems) and clearly describe all the hazards inherent in the system.

In principle, the risk analysis process can end at the hazard identification stage. Only if necessary, after identifying the hazards, can you proceed to the other steps described above.

1.3. Hazard identification methods

Hazard identification can be done using the following basic methods:

- “failure tree”;

- “event tree”;

Equivalent.

The methods can be used individually or in addition to each other. Qualitative methods may include quantitative risk measures. A complete quantitative risk analysis may include all of these methods.

Methods “what will happen if ...?” and checklist belong to the group of qualitative hazard assessment methods. The result of these methods is a list of questions and answers about the facility’s compliance with safety requirements and recommendations for ensuring safety.

An analysis of the causes of industrial accidents shows that their occurrence, as a rule, is characterized by a combination of random local events (equipment malfunctions, human errors, etc.). To identify cause-and-effect relationships between these events, logical-graphical methods “fault tree” and “event tree” are used. When analyzing the “fault tree” method, combinations of equipment malfunctions and personnel errors leading to an industrial accident are identified. The method is used to analyze the occurrence of dangerous situations and calculate its probability (based on knowledge of the probabilities of the initial events).

To analyze the development of a dangerous situation, the “event tree” method is used. According to this method, the frequency of each accident scenario is calculated by multiplying the frequency of the main event by the probability of the final event.

Tree analysis methods are the most labor-intensive and are used to analyze projects or modernize complex technical systems and production facilities, and require highly qualified performers. Therefore, we will consider in more detail the application of the “fault tree” method, which is used in production to determine the causes of equipment failures.

The method consists in constructing and analyzing a model, which is a logical-probabilistic model of the cause-and-effect relationships of product failures with failures of its elements and other events. The basic principle of constructing a “failure tree” is to consistently pose questions and give answers for what reasons a product failure may occur. To visually represent a causal relationship using a “fault tree,” logical symbols and event symbols are used. Logical symbols connect events in accordance with their causal relationships. Symbol designations are given in table. 1.1, and event symbols in table. 1.2.

Table 1.1

Notation of logical symbols

Table 1.2

Event Symbol Designations

Schemes for the use of logical symbols and event symbols depending on the initial events 1,2,…, n in the “fault tree” diagrams are shown in Fig. 1.1. and 1.2.

Rice. 1.2. Using the logical symbol "OR"

Example 1: Identify risk R death of a person in the construction industry in our country in 1 year, if it is known that 600 people die annually, and the number of workers is 700,000 people.

Rice. 1.3. “Failure tree” for a metal-cutting machine

Solution: To determine the risk of human death, we use formula (1.4):

.

Example 2. Using the “failure tree” method, estimate the probability of failure of the drilling and boring group machine. The main movements of the machine are: the main cutting movement, i.e. rotation of the tool and the feed movement of the cutter.

Solution. Machine failure can occur due to a functional failure resulting from sudden failures of blocks, assemblies, parts of the machine, or due to a parametric failure, which will occur when technological reliability is exhausted, as shown in Fig. 1.3.

Functional failure may occur if the following foreseeable cause-and-effect hazard chains are realized and cause the machine to stop:

Motor failure;

Fuse failure;

Short circuit of the electrical wire to the housing;

Pump failure;

Safety valve spring failure;

Throttle failure;

Check valve failure;

Loss of tightness in the oil pipeline;

Failure of the limiter of the movable gears of the gearbox - machine stop;

Feed box gear failure;

Based on our reasoning, we will build a “failure tree” of a metal-cutting machine, as shown in Fig. 1.3.

In Fig. 1.3 is indicated: 1 - electric motor failure; 2 - limit switch failure; 3 - short circuit of the cable to ground; 4 - fuse failure; 5 - short circuit to the housing; 6 - pump failure; 7 - valve spring failure; 8 - throttle failure; 9 - check valve failure; 10 - failure of the safety valve; 11 - oil line leaks; 12 - main engine clutch failure; 13 - failure of the clutch of the first gearbox shaft; 14 - failure of gearbox gears; 15 - failure of the gearbox movable gear limiter; 16 - failure of the gearbox gears; 17 - failure of the clutch clutch of the gearbox gears.

1.4. Basic hazard and risk indicators

in production

Depending on the consequences, accidents at work (occupational diseases are not considered) are usually classified as follows:

– fatal accidents;

Industrial injuries– a set of industrial injuries and accidents at work. Work injury– injury sustained by a worker at work as a result of non-compliance with safety regulations. Accident at work– sudden exposure of an employee to a hazardous production factor or environment, resulting in harm to health or death.

Industrial accidents should be considered as a signal about the unsatisfactory state of preventive work to prevent injuries on a particular ship or production site. Investigation materials and reporting data on accidents make it possible to judge the state of labor safety and serve as the basis for the development and implementation of measures to enhance preventive work to prevent injuries. The study and analysis of the causes of injuries is carried out using investigation materials, as well as monographic, topographical, statistical and economic methods.

Methods for analyzing industrial injuries.

Monographic. It consists of an in-depth and comprehensive study of a separate production, workshop, site, tool, equipment.

Topographic. Provides for the presentation of information on the number of accidents on the general plan of the enterprise, on the workshop plan. At the same time, this presentation of information allows you to clearly show the most traumatic areas. This allows the development of measures to reduce injuries to take this information into account, as well as provide the means necessary to solve these problems

Statistical

Group method. Establishes the frequency of accidents for similar cases: time of injury, qualification, gender, profession, type of work, age, day of the month, week.

Ergonomic method. Based on a comprehensive study of the human-machine-working environment (HME) system.

Monographic method explore technological processes, machines and other types of equipment; organization of workplaces, air condition, lighting and other types of production environment on ships, loading and unloading areas, ship repair areas, personal protective equipment and their use.

The purpose of the study is to identify dangerous places and hazardous working conditions. The object of the monographic method can be a ship or a group of ships of the same type. This method of study is the most advanced and effective, because it makes it possible not only to prevent the recurrence of accidents in advance, but also to reveal the causes of injuries and outline measures to eliminate them. This is its main advantage over other methods.

Monographic studies are carried out as follows. The ship (a group of ships of the same type), ship repair areas or the enterprise as a whole is subjected to a detailed examination, during which the causes of injuries are identified, as well as shortcomings in the organization of work on safety precautions and industrial sanitation. In addition, materials on injuries over the past period are used. This method of studying traumatic areas provides material for broad generalizations and carrying out various general occupational safety measures.

Topographic method allows you to study the causes of accidents on site. The location of each incident is marked with a symbol on the plan for the placement of workplaces on the ship. The dangerous area identified in this way is then studied using the monographic method and, based on the results of the study, preventive measures are carried out. Such visual topographical diagrams can be used by the ship's command staff when conducting safety briefings with newly arrived crew members.

Statistical method allows you to determine the quantitative side of injuries, as well as study the main causes and patterns of their manifestation based on a significant number of facts. This method makes it possible to analyze the degree of training and experience of the employee, the nature of the injuries, as well as determine the organizational and technical reasons during the period. The frequency coefficient characterizes the number of accidents per 1000 workers during the period under study:

The coefficients are calculated:

Frequency factor:

where T is the total number of victims at the enterprise for the period;

P – average number of employees at the enterprise for the same period.

Gravity coefficient:

G
de D – total number of days of incapacity for work;

T – number of victims.

The method is based on the study of certificates of incapacity for work, as well as acts N1 and N2 for any period of time at the enterprise. This method allows us to identify the overall picture, dynamics, connections, causes, and patterns of accidents.

Essence economic method is to determine losses from injuries and occupational diseases in order to determine the economic effect on the development and implementation of labor protection measures.

All accidents that occur at enterprises are subject to recording, which is kept in special journals. Microtraumas that caused less than one day of absence from work are recorded in the first-aid logs, which are stored in the ship's first aid stations, and on ships where there are no first aid stations, by the chief mate.

At the end of the year, the administration of the enterprise draws up a report on occupational injuries, the material for drawing up the report is an act in form N-1. Enterprises of the Ministry of Fisheries report in Form 9-T, which contains more than 20 indicators necessary for the analysis and prevention of injuries for the national economy as a whole. For example, it includes data on victims at work with loss of ability to work and transferred to light work. The report also indicates the main traumatic factors, causes of accidents, material consequences of injuries, costs of occupational safety measures, etc.

The study of industrial injuries, identifying the causes and prerequisites for servicing industrial fishing gear can be carried out in two main directions. The first of them is to build predictive risk models that link the likelihood of personnel exposure to hazardous and harmful production factors with the technical characteristics of fishing gear and its maintenance processes, and other mechanisms. The second is the identification of the causes of injury, associated with the analysis of factual data obtained during the investigation of registered accidents.

The objectivity and depth of information obtained during the investigation are determined by its quality, which depends on the level of training of the persons participating in the investigation and on the content of the guidance documents used.

Accidents are the result of the combined effects of several simultaneous factors, which may be physical, but may result from human errors, i.e. psychological. All of them arise due to errors in the design and operation of production facilities. When investigating, it is necessary to take into account random factors and constant factors.

Analysis of industrial injuries allows us to detect the causes and determine the patterns of their occurrence. Based on such information, measures to prevent occupational injuries are developed. To analyze industrial injuries, the following basic methods are used: statistical, topographical, monographic, economic, survey method, expert assessment method

Statistical method is based on the study of injuries using documents: reports, acts, registration logs. This allows you to group injury cases according to certain criteria: by profession of the victims, by workplace, workshop, length of service, age, causes of injury, equipment that caused the injury.

To assess the level of injury, the coefficients of its frequency and severity are calculated:

K h =A*1000/T

where K h is the injury frequency rate;

A - the number of injury cases at the enterprise during the reporting period;

T - average number of employees at the enterprise for the same reporting period,

K t - injury severity coefficient,

D - number of days of disability for victims (in working days).

The injury frequency rate, in fact, shows how many cases of injury during the corresponding period (six months, year) there are per 1000 average employees at the enterprise, and the injury severity coefficient shows how many days of disability there are on average per one injury case for the corresponding period.

The coefficients K h and K t allow one to study the dynamics of injuries at an enterprise (over 4-5 years) and compare it with other enterprises.

Monographic method consists of a detailed examination of the entire complex of working conditions, technological process, equipment, workplace, work methods, sanitary and hygienic conditions, collective and individual protective equipment. In other words, this method consists of analyzing dangerous and harmful production factors that are unique to a particular production area, equipment, or technological process. According to this method, all the circumstances of the accident are examined in depth, and if necessary, appropriate research and testing is performed. The subjects to be investigated are the workshop, site, technological process, main and auxiliary equipment, labor practices, personal protective equipment, working environment conditions, meteorological conditions in the premises, lighting, gas contamination, dust, noise, vibration, radiation, causes of accidents that occurred previously at this workplace. Thus, the accident is studied comprehensively.

Topographic method is based on the fact that the places where accidents occurred are marked on the plan of the workshop (enterprise). This allows you to clearly highlight areas of increased danger that require careful examination and preventive measures. The repetition of accidents in certain places indicates the unsatisfactory state of labor protection at these facilities. Special attention is paid to these places and the causes of injuries are studied. Through an additional examination of the mentioned places, the reasons that caused the accidents are identified, and current and future measures to prevent accidents are formed for each individual object.

Economic method consists of studying and analyzing losses caused by industrial injuries.

Questionnaire method. Questionnaires for workers are being developed. Based on personal data (answers to questions), preventive measures are developed to prevent accidents.

Expert assessment method is based on expert conclusions (assessments) of working conditions, on identifying the compliance of technological equipment, devices, tools, technological processes with the requirements of standards and ergonomic requirements related to machines, mechanisms, equipment, tools, control panels.

Under the influence of harmful factors at work, workers may experience acute occupational or chronic poisoning and diseases.

However, the impact of production factors is not limited to their role as a cause of occupational diseases. It has long been noticed that people who work with toxic substances are more likely to suffer from general diseases (flu, digestive disorders, pneumonia, etc.), that these diseases are more severe for them, and the recovery process is slower. Therefore, in addition to indicators of the frequency and severity of occupational diseases (defined similarly K h And K t), It is also important to determine indicators of the level of general morbidity. For this purpose, the incidence rate of diseases and the rate of days of disability per 100 workers are calculated.

The most accurate and comprehensive picture of the causes of accidents at work is provided by monographic method analysis. It consists of a comprehensive study of all factors that can, individually or in combination, lead to an accident. Labor and technological processes, main and auxiliary equipment, processed materials, general conditions of the production environment, workplaces, trajectories of movement of equipment and objects, protective equipment, clothing and work characteristics, work and rest schedules, psychological factors, etc. are studied. accidents that occurred without causing harm to human health. When studied, hidden dangerous factors are revealed.

A computer should be used to collect information on injuries and identify psychological causes of accidents. There are programs that allow you to assess the significance of the personal factor based on an analysis of the victim’s answers to the questions posed; Moreover, each subsequent question depends on the answer to the previous one. An important tool for monographic analysis can be the study of biographies of those responsible for accidents.

The monographic method of analysis is expensive because it requires the involvement of a large number of specialists and takes quite a lot of time. It is advisable to use it in industries with a large number of workers engaged in the same or similar activities. Therefore, in small enterprises or large industries that unite workers of many professions, simpler methods of analysis are more often used.

One of the most common is the statistical method of analyzing the state of injury. With this method, a predetermined limited number of accident indicators are analyzed. This method requires the collection of a large statistical array of data on all indicators being studied. With the help of statistical analysis, it is possible to detect patterns inherent in these indicators, to study the peculiarities of the occurrence of accidents in certain professions, at certain production sites among certain categories of workers. The strength of this approach is its predictive ability.

Statistical approach aimed at identifying general patterns of injury manifestations. Injury rates are considered as a function of various variables. Identifying the most significant of these variables and the nature of their influence on injury is the main goal of this approach. With its help, it is impossible to develop any specific recommendations for the prevention of individual accidents - it is aimed at identifying general ways to combat certain types of injuries.

One of the sources of statistical data are documents in which accidents are registered (N-1 forms, certificates of incapacity for work, etc.). With their help, you can determine two statistical indicators - the frequency coefficient and the severity coefficient of accidents.

The frequency coefficient Kh is equal to the number of accidents per 1000 workers for a certain calendar period (month, quarter, year):

K h = 1000 * n/r,

where n is the number of accidents taken into account, i.e. cases with loss of ability to work for three days or more;

p - the payroll of employees in the reporting period, including all workers and employees of the enterprise.

The severity coefficient Kt characterizes the average duration of disability per accident:

where D is the total number of days of incapacity for work for all working days.

The severity coefficient does not take into account fatal and severe accidents resulting in disability. Therefore, to characterize the state of injury, such cases should be specifically indicated.

The product of the frequency and severity coefficients is called loss factor K p:

K p = K h * K t = 1000 * D/r

Often, injury analysis is limited to considering only the above coefficients. But such a simplified, formal approach to statistical analysis does not provide a sufficient understanding of the state and dynamics of injuries. Based on these coefficients, it is impossible to detect any patterns and connections and make an accurate forecast. The main reason is that accidents recorded in forms N-1, certificates of incapacity for work, etc., are many times less than the total number of injury cases. Most of the accidents that occur do not have serious consequences and are usually not documented. Meanwhile, strict accounting of absolutely all accidents, as well as dangerous incidents that did not result in injuries, allows us to obtain rich statistical material for analysis.

One of the varieties of the statistical method is group method studying traumatism. According to this method, accidents are grouped according to individual homogeneous characteristics: time of injury, qualifications and specialty of victims, type of work, age, etc. Identification of the most significant signs allows the development of appropriate preventive measures.

Topographic method serves to identify dangerous points with a high frequency of accidents. To accumulate statistics about dangerous points, a plan of the enterprise (workshop, site) is used, on which the locations of incidents, causes and damaged body parts are marked with symbols. The degree of danger of these points is assessed not only by the frequency of accidents, but also by their severity.

Economic method injury analysis is to determine the losses caused by it, as well as to assess the socio-economic effectiveness of measures to prevent accidents.

Severe injuries to people at work resulting from accidents are considered irreparable by society. At the same time, the material consequences of all these cases at enterprises are fully taken into account. The report on an industrial accident in form N-1 provides for accounting for these losses in the following amount:

Number of days of incapacity;

Payment for sick leave;

The cost of damaged equipment and tools, materials and the cost of destroyed buildings and structures.

The listed volume of losses includes mainly losses caused directly by the accident. In reality, these losses are greater. Material losses (consequences) caused to society due to an employee’s incapacity for work due to injury are made up of the following costs and losses:

P 1 - payment to the victim on a certificate of incapacity for work;

P 2 - the amount of the pension assigned to the victim in connection with the injury;

PZ - the same, to close relatives of the victim in connection with the injury;

P 4 - payment of benefits for the temporary transfer of workers to another job due to injury;

P 5 - compensation for damage to a worker in case of partial loss of ability to work;

P 6 - costs of enterprises for professional training of workers hired instead of those who left due to injury;

P 7 - other losses that are not taken into account in most cases, although sometimes they can be significant.

As a result, the total material losses, rubles, will be:

M p = P 1 + P 2 + P Z + P 4 + P 5 + P 6 + P 7

The aggregated calculation of total material losses based on the above formula is determined from the relationship:

M p = D in * Z * j,

where D in - loss of working time for victims with loss of ability to work for one or more working days, whose temporary disability ended in the reporting period (for the period of time under study), days;

W - average daily wage of one worker, rub.;

J is a coefficient that takes into account all elements of material costs (payments for sick leave, pensions, etc.) in relation to wages (j=l.5, 2.0).

The most complete and objective results are obtained by complex methods that combine several of the methods discussed above.

Methods for injury analysis

Trauma, as a cause of an investigative phenomenon, is characterized by a combination of separately influencing factors. All existing analysis methods can be divided into 3 groups:

1. Technical.

2. Statistical.

3. Probabilistic.

Technical methods for injury analysis.

The purpose of technical analysis is to establish the causes and relationships of technical factors that led to accidents and to develop technical recommendations for the prevention of accidents and accidents. At the root of technical methods of analysis is the use of the laws of technical sciences. Technical analysis should establish a qualitative picture of the development of events and a full assessment of the determining factors. A full assessment makes specific technical recommendations. Technical analysis of n/s begins with the study of the circumstances preceding it. Information is obtained based on interviewing witnesses, studying recommendations and inspecting the scene of the incident. The situation on the spot is studied, which is sometimes the only way to reconstruct the development of events before the attack. Exceptions are allowed only in cases of extreme urgency.

Monographic method of analysis is a type of technical analysis. The task of the monographic analysis is to identify the dangers associated with the use of an object in the labor process, to determine the causes and to develop measures to eliminate them. The purpose of the analysis is to ensure working conditions when using this technological process.

The result of implementing the conclusions of the monographic analysis is the creation of the safest facilities possible, the development of instructions and recommendations for their safe operation. The monographic method is used at the design stage when deficiencies are easily eliminated.

Statistical methods are based on statistical material (acts in form N-1).

The goal is a generalized assessment of the degree of safety of existing conditions at a site, mine, industry, etc. The accuracy of the analysis method depends on the perfection of the mathematical apparatus used and the reliability of the source data. The following types of statistical analysis are distinguished:

1. Tabular.

2. According to the injury rate.

3. Topographical.

4. Correlation.

Tabular analysis of injuries consists of grouping scientific research according to certain indicators in the form of tables.

After this, an injury analysis is performed. Tabular analysis allows us to determine the most dangerous causes, factors, places of injury, as well as changes in the specific gravity of injuries over time.

Analysis by injury rate. There are a number of injury rates, of which the frequency and severity rate are the most commonly used. Frequency factor- represents the number of victims over a period of time per 1000 people.

Kch = 1000*n/N,

where n is the number of victims, N is the payroll of the enterprise’s workers. The coefficient can be established both by the total number of employees and by individual groups of employees.

K’ch =1000000 *n/D,

where D is the daily production of the mine.

Injury severity coefficient- characterizes the average severity of a disability over a certain period of time based on the number of days of disability.

Kt = 100*N/N,

where N is the number of days of labor loss, Kt = N/n - total Kt.

Topographic method of analysis. The goal is a visual representation of injury characteristics.

They take a mining plan and mark the locations of accidents and accidents. The advantages are its clarity, but the analytical capabilities of this method are limited. Used as an addition to other methods.

Correlation method of analysis. It is used to establish quantitative relationships between injury rates and determining traumatic factors. Since injuries and the factors that determine them are random, the relationship between them is not unambiguous, but is of a statistically averaged nature.
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Methods of correlation analysis are based on correlation methods. The final goal is to obtain correlation dependencies or correlation equations between the injury rate and the analyzed factors ft = 2.052*10¯³ - 7.883*10¯ *Te+1.948*10¯ *Te

Probabilistic method of analysis. This method uses the concept of probability and the apparatus of probability theory to assess occupational safety. It is based on the idea of ​​traumatism as a random process.

Areas of application of existing methods of injury analysis.

1. The technical method is widely used in the investigation of individual problems and the development of measures to eliminate them.

2. Monographic - used in design.

3. Statistical - used in official statistical reporting at all levels.

4. Probabilistic - used when designing production based on the safety factor and comparing technical safety solutions. It is used in conjunction with the correlation method.

Methods for analyzing injuries - concept and types. Classification and features of the category "Methods of injury analysis" 2017, 2018.