Bitumen production plant - equipment that allows you to get bitumen and bitumen emulsions from fuel oil and tar by pre-treatment and subsequent oxidation. In this case, the most suitable raw materials are highly resinous low-paraffin oil products. Conversely, highly paraffinic oils are not recommended as raw materials. The fact is that as a result of oxidation, asphaltenes and carbenes are formed in such oil products, which reduce the strength and elasticity of bitumen.

A standard bitumen production plant consists of oxidizing reactors, a furnace, bitumen pumps, a gearbox, an electric motor and a control panel. With the help of pin couplings, the transmission is carried out between the pump and the gearbox and, accordingly, between the gearbox and the electric motor. Also, the bitumen production plant is equipped with rotating parts covered with protective covers.

If the bitumen production plant is used in industries with increased explosion hazard, the equipment must be equipped with pumps with mechanical seals. In addition, only bitumen plants with explosion-proof motors may be used under these conditions.

It is worth noting that in modern models of equipment, the release of hot bitumen vapors into the surrounding atmosphere is excluded, which means that the bitumen production unit does not violate environmental safety cities.

What products can be obtained with a bitumen production plant?

• road bitumens, which are widely used in road construction. This product, "born" in a bitumen plant, the best way suitable for preparing asphalt mixes.
• roofing bitumen, indispensable in the manufacture of various roofing coatings.
• insulating bitumens, which are used to protect pipelines from corrosion.
• the bitumen plant also makes it possible to obtain in large numbers construction bitumen, performing many useful functions. In particular, building bitumens provide excellent foundation waterproofing.
• Finally, a bitumen plant is required for the production of bituminous mastics.

How is the finished product obtained in a bitumen plant?

There are three methods for the production of road, roofing, insulating and other types of bitumen: vacuum distillation, oxidation of petroleum products at high temperature and bitumen compounding.

As a result of deep vacuum distillation, residual bitumen is obtained.

Oxidation of oil products with air, taking place at high temperatures, allows the production of oxidized bitumen.

The latter method involves compounding both residual and oxidized bitumen.

What are the advantages of a bitumen plant?

Provided that the right raw materials are used for the manufacture of the final product, the bitumen production plant - whether it be foreign or domestic equipment, allows you to obtain and sell bitumen of exceptional quality without serious time and energy costs. Today we work both on the territory of Russia and in the CIS countries.

The bitumen plant is the optimal solution if you need a mobile mini-plant. If the plant is available, it is possible to manufacture bitumen and bituminous mastics directly in washing and steaming stations, fuel oil storage facilities and in other places where oily residues are stored or disposed of.

The production of bitumen is a complex technological process, where different grades of oil are used. And all technological operations are carried out in the territory of oil refineries.

Bitumen production technology

The oil refining process includes fractional distillation, as a result of which light oil products such as gasoline, kerosene and naphtha, lubricating oils, etc. are obtained. After the selection of fractions lighter in mass (tar, cracking), oil residues are formed, which are subsequently used to obtain oil bitumen with desired properties.

AT modern conditions bitumen can be produced in one of the following ways:

• concentration of oil residues by distillation under vacuum. In this case, an inert gas or water vapor is used. For the production of residual bitumen from asphalt-resin oils, atmospheric distillation is used;
• oxidation of various oil residues air oxygen at a temperature of 180-300ºС. Such residues can be semi-tars, tars, fuel oils, deasphalting asphalts, cracked residues, or mixtures thereof;
• tar deasphalting selective solvents;
• mixing (compounding) oil residues with distillates, as well as with oxidized or residual bitumen.

In practice, various combinations of the methods listed above have also found application.

Unoxidized bitumen is produced by vacuum distillation of oil residues and heavy oils. The feedstock must have a high concentration of tar-asphaltene substances.

Oxidized bitumens make up 75-80% of the total amount of this building material produced in the world. The production of oxidized bitumen is carried out in batch cubes and coil-type reactors.

Unoxidized and compounded bitumens have a high content of heavy aromatics, resins and are characterized by good adhesion characteristics, high extensibility, but a higher brittleness temperature.

Studies show that the crack resistance of asphalt concrete pavements created using non-oxidized and compounded bitumen is significantly higher than that of compositions of the same composition, but containing oxidized bitumen.

Non-oxidized and compounded bitumen after heat treatment are characterized by high values ​​of residual penetration, extensibility and adhesion, that is, the performance properties of bitumen remain at a high level, and the difference in the ratio of indicators between oxidized and non-oxidized bitumen increases even more.

Raw material for bitumen production

Most often, the main raw material for the production of bitumen is tar or deasphalting asphalts (resinous asphaltene substances). In some literary sources, they are found under the name "precipitated bitumen". Note that sometimes extracts of selective oil refining, thermal cracking residues or pyrolysis resins can be used to produce bitumen.

In order to obtain highly plastic bitumen, characterized by high thermal stability and good binding properties, it is necessary to use raw materials of a certain and constant quality.

Tars of heavy oils, which contain many resinous-asphaltene substances, usually have the necessary properties. In the general case, the following statement is true: the greater the asphaltene:resin ratio, the better the properties and structure of the produced bitumen. In grades of heavy oils, this ratio is 1.0-1.3.

In countries with small reserves of such oils, it is necessary to use mass-produced raw materials, which leads to a discrepancy between the properties of the resulting product and the established quality standards.

Production of residual bitumen

The production of residual bitumen is the simplest and most economical technology. To determine the suitability of a particular grade of oil for use in obtaining residual bitumen, it is necessary to evaluate the yield of a binder from it with a needle penetration depth at 25ºС 100 per 0.1 mm.

The production of residual bitumen can be considered economically justified in the case when the yield of the finished product is at least 10-20%. To obtain such bitumen, vacuum distillation raw materials are used, consisting of organic and heterogeneous compounds, most often fuel oil.

The qualitative characteristics of residual bitumen can be controlled by changing the modes of the vacuum column. To a greater extent, the efficiency of the process is influenced by the depth of vacuum in the vacuum column feed zone, as well as the presence of contact devices with low hydraulic resistance, which provide a pressure drop over the column height of not more than 15-20 mm Hg. At the same time, a pressure of no more than 20 mm Hg is maintained at the top of the vacuum column.

The production of residual bitumen is characterized by a significant decrease in the content of paraffin-naphthenic hydrocarbons, which is due to their higher volatility compared to other substances of the same group. Superheated steam is needed to reduce the content of paraffin-naphthenic hydrocarbons in bitumen and to reduce the distillation temperature of the residues. This makes it possible to obtain residual bitumen with a high softening point.

But this approach has certain disadvantages, which are expressed in the presence of additional costs and corrosion of the materials from which the equipment is made. This led to the emergence alternative way, consisting in the so-called "dry" vacuum distillation of fuel oil, which requires highly efficient systems to create a vacuum. In general, vacuum technologies have good prospects for the production of residual bitumen, as they allow for deeper oil refining.

Highly resinous heavy sour oil with a high content of asphalt-resinous substances can serve as a raw material for obtaining residual bitumen.

During vacuum distillation, it is very important at the initial stage to extract distillate fractions from oil in order to obtain motor fuel. A by-product of this process, tar, can later be used as a feedstock in the production of bitumen.

With the help of processes for obtaining residual bitumen, it is very difficult to ensure the release of refractory bitumen, which is a significant drawback.

World production of bitumen

Demand for bitumen and bituminous materials is driven by funding for road construction. It is also affected by factors such as the economics of alternative road surfaces, the availability of new types of road surfaces, the price of oil, and the ability to transport material. The supply is mainly influenced by the volume of refined oil.

To date, the world bitumen market is estimated at 100 million tons per year, of which one third falls on the countries of the Asia-Pacific region, one third - on North America. Europe produces 18% of the world's bitumen. stable demand for road surfaces, arranged with the help of bitumen, is observed in the Middle East and Africa. In Western Europe and North America, there is a downward trend in demand for this construction material. The peak of bitumen consumption in China was recorded in 2012 and so far there are no prerequisites for an increase in volumes.

In total, about 20 million tons of bitumen are produced annually in the European Union. The largest consumption was recorded in Germany and France (2 million tons), as well as the UK (1.3 million tons). Demand for bituminous materials is declining in countries such as the Netherlands, Belgium and Ireland. Poland and Germany, on the contrary, consume more bitumen.

The largest exporters among the North African and Middle Eastern countries are Algeria and Turkey. And even Tunisia exports bitumen, albeit in small volumes.

In summer, there is an increased demand for bitumen, which explains the rise in prices to $50-70 per ton. At the same time, in Africa, they ask for $80 per ton for a similar product.

Modified Bitumen Plants from GlobeCore

Equipment performance from the company GlobeCore , for the production of modified bitumen, from 4 m3 to 22 m3 per hour:

Installation of bitumen modification with polymers - (PBV) USB-2M, 4-7m3/hour

Bitumen production plant - equipment that allows you to get bitumen and bitumen emulsions from fuel oil and tar by pre-treatment and subsequent oxidation. In this case, the most suitable raw materials are highly resinous low-paraffin oil products. Conversely, highly paraffinic oils are not recommended as raw materials. The fact is that as a result of oxidation, asphaltenes and carbenes are formed in such oil products, which reduce the strength and elasticity of bitumen. Today we work both on the territory of Russia and in the CIS countries.

A standard bitumen production plant consists of oxidizing reactors, a furnace, bitumen pumps, a gearbox, an electric motor and a control panel. With the help of pin couplings, the transmission is carried out between the pump and the gearbox and, accordingly, between the gearbox and the electric motor. Also, the bitumen production plant is equipped with rotating parts covered with protective covers.

If the bitumen production plant is used in industries with increased explosion hazard, the equipment must be equipped with pumps with mechanical seals. In addition, only bitumen plants with explosion-proof motors may be used under these conditions.

It is worth noting that in modern models of equipment, the release of hot bitumen vapors into the surrounding atmosphere is excluded, which means that the bitumen production unit does not violate the environmental safety of the city.

What products can be obtained with a bitumen production plant?

• road bitumens, which are widely used in road construction. Born in a bitumen plant, this product is best suited for the preparation of asphalt mixes.
• roofing bitumen, indispensable in the manufacture of various roofing coatings.
• insulating bitumens, which are used to protect pipelines from corrosion.
• The bitumen production plant also makes it possible to produce construction bitumen in large quantities, which perform many useful functions. In particular, building bitumens provide excellent foundation waterproofing.
• Finally, a bitumen plant is required for the production of bituminous mastics.

How is the finished product obtained in a bitumen plant?

There are three methods for the production of road, roofing, insulating and other types of bitumen: vacuum distillation, oxidation of petroleum products at high temperature and bitumen compounding.

As a result of deep vacuum distillation, residual bitumen is obtained.

Oxidation of oil products with air, taking place at high temperatures, allows the production of oxidized bitumen.

The latter method involves compounding both residual and oxidized bitumen.

What are the advantages of a bitumen plant?

Provided that suitable raw materials are used for the manufacture of the final product, the bitumen production plant - whether it is equipment of foreign or domestic production, allows you to obtain and sell bitumen of exceptional quality without serious time and energy costs. Today we work both on the territory of Russia and in the CIS countries.

The bitumen plant is the optimal solution if you need a mobile mini-plant. If the plant is available, it is possible to manufacture bitumen and bituminous mastics directly in washing and steaming stations, fuel oil storage facilities and in other places where oily residues are stored or disposed of.

Bitumens on diesel fuel or liquefied gas

Highly efficient, no smoker
on diesel fuel (version 1) or liquefied gas (version 2)
for heating viscous materials.

database

Bitumen is designed to heat viscous materials (bitumen, resins, etc.) and fill loading cracks.

It is used in the construction of buildings, roads, roof repairs, etc.

specifications:

The main advantages of bitumen welding:

• Completion of combustion - no smoke.
• It is simple and reliable in operation.
• The presence of thermal insulation of the body.
• Autonomy.

Bitumen production: technologies, raw materials and equipment

Electric bitumen cooker with agitator

Electric bitumen cooker with a stirrer and a heat-insulated body is designed for soft heating and maintaining the temperature of bitumen, preparing mastics and similar products. physical and chemical properties liquid and amorphous media, as well as for their mixing during repair, construction and waterproofing works at a temperature environment from minus 20°С to plus 45°С.

BEMT	BEMC

Technical haCharacteristics:

Technical description:

The bitumen cooker consists of a horizontally located cylindrical tank with a loading hatch, equipped with electric heating elements, an agitator with a gear motor or an electric motor, a drain device and a control unit.
The control unit allows you to set the temperature on the heating elements, inside the tank, block their installation, as well as turn on and off the electric motor of the agitator.

The mixing device for bitumen cookers is made in the form:

Horizontally positioned paddle agitator with geared motor;

2. Vertically positioned centrifugal agitator with fixed or variable speed motor.

Oil road bitumen, viscous

Oil road bitumens are divided into viscous and liquid. Viscous bitumens differ: BND (oil road bitumen) and BN (oil bitumen). Viscous oil road bitumens are produced in five grades: BND 40/60, ...

Methods for the industrial production of petroleum bitumen

Liquid petroleum road bitumen

Liquid petroleum road bitumen, having a fluid state at positive temperatures, is used as a binder in asphalt concrete mixtures used both in cold (with a temperature of ...

Roofing bitumen

Roofing bitumens are used for the manufacture of roofing and waterproofing materials grades according to GOST 9548: BNK 40/180 - impregnating; BNK 45/190 - for impregnation and production of coating bitumen;…

Construction bitumen

Oil construction bitumens are obtained by oxidation of the residual products of direct distillation of oil and their mixtures with asphalts and oil production extracts. Sometimes construction bitumen is obtained by compounding (mixing) oxidized and non-oxidized ...

Insulating bitumen

Oil insulating bitumen grades: BNI-IV-Z, BNI-IV and BNI-V are used to isolate pipelines from soil corrosion. Insulating bitumens are obtained by oxidation of the residual products of direct distillation of oil ...

Special oil bitumen

Special oil bitumen grades B, V, G are obtained by oxidation of heavy residues of atmospheric-vacuum distillation of highly resinous oils and are used mainly in the paint and varnish industry.

They have …

The use of petroleum bitumen in road construction

The choice of bitumen is determined by the area of ​​application, the accepted technology for the production of works and the technical and economic requirements for the structure being constructed. Technological conditions the use of bitumen at the stage of preparation of asphalt concrete mixtures largely depends on the grade ...

The following methods for producing petroleum bitumen are used: atmospheric-vacuum distillation of crude oil to obtain a residue called tar, which, during the processing of highly resinous oils, is residual bitumen; oxidation of oil residues - with tar, cracking residues with atmospheric oxygen, while obtaining oxidized bitumen; mixing of residues resulting from oil refining, deasphalting bitumen with extracts from the purification of oil fractions - the process of obtaining bitumen compounding.

There are also combinations of the above methods.

Production of residual bitumen. Residual bitumens have a number of positive properties and their production is widespread in many countries.

The raw materials for them are fuel oil, tars, as well as other resinous residues formed during distillation. At atmospheric-vacuum membrane of highly resinous oil, residual bitumen is obtained as a residue after the selection of fuel and oily fractions.

During the distillation of oil with a lower content of resinous substances, a less viscous residue is obtained, the properties of which meet the requirements for liquid road bitumen grades MG 70/130, MG 130/200.

Production of oxidized bitumen. The production of bitumen by oxidation is one of the most common methods.

This method can be used in the processing of both resinous and low-resin oils and obtain high-quality road, construction and special bitumen. Unlike other methods (distillation extraction), when asphalt-resin components hardly change, significant changes in their qualitative and quantitative compositions occur during oxidation.

Oxidation is an exothermic process.

The main factors influencing the process of tar oxidation are the initial tar softening temperature, as well as the temperature and duration of oxidation, and air consumption. Oxidized bitumen is obtained mainly from plants using oils rich in light fractions. In this case, methods of periodic oxidation or continuous oxidation in tubular coils are used. Crude oil is subjected to fractional distillation in an atmospheric-vacuum tubular installation.

The resulting residue (tar) with a softening point of 32 - 40 ° C enters the oxidizing bitumen plant.

In the process of oxidation, oxygen interacts with the tar to its components - a dehydro-polycondensation reaction occurs, leading to the formation of high-molecular components.

With an increase in the oxidation temperature from 210 to 250°C, the extensibility of bitumen and the depth of penetration of the needle increase, and above 250°C, these indicators decrease accordingly.

Thus, by changing the oxidation temperature and its duration, it is possible to control the properties of the resulting bitumen.

Depending on the raw material, temperature and the required grade of bitumen, oxidation is carried out within 4-60 hours. To intensify the process, the oxidation method is used with stirring or in the state of foam, emulsion.

A large oxidation surface, a high degree of air contact with a lower residence time of the mixture at a high temperature (250 - 300 ° C) change the nature of the oxidation process.

There is also a method for obtaining oxidized bitumen by batch or continuous bitumen oxidation. The feedstock at a temperature of 170-210°C enters the sections of the reactor, in which turbines - dispersers rotating in the feedstock - are installed, which suck in and spray air in the oxidized product.

The following catalysts are used to accelerate the oxidation process: chlorides of zinc, copper, iron, aluminum; phosphorus pentoxide, sulfuric acid, sulfides and a number of others.

Obtaining bitumen by mixing (compounding). Mixing or compounding of bitumen is a secondary process of their processing, which is carried out at refineries or at the point of consumption.

Bitumen or resinous residue obtained by distillation, oxidation, extraction does not always meet the requirements for all indicators for road bitumen. In this case, by mixing bitumen with other resinous residues.

To obtain bitumen of the required properties, their mutual mixing or mixing with other resinous residues formed during the processing of oil and oil products is used.

When mixing bitumen of different properties and origin, it is necessary that the mixed components be close in surface tension. Mixing bitumen with tar is possible in a limited amount (15 - 20%).

The uniformity of mixing is checked by the softening temperature of the mixture, which should correspond to the weighted average of the softening temperatures of the constituent components.

The technology for the preparation of mixed bitumens is reduced to heating them to a liquid consistency and mixing. Most liquid bitumen is prepared by mixing.

AT recent times Large road-building organizations use various wastes obtained in the production of coal tar and polymers (bottom residues of polystyrene, coumarone resins), waste from the regeneration of used lubricating oils as additives to bitumen.