State tests of the second patrol ship of project 11356, built at the Kaliningrad shipyard "Yantar", part of the United Shipbuilding Corporation, began on January 30, 2016.

This decision was made by the chairman of the state commission working on board the frigate Admiral Essen. Currently, the plant's commissioning team and the ship's crew are preparing for the first trip to sea, which will take place this week. State tests will last about a month; they will take place at sea training grounds of the Baltic Fleet. The transfer of the ship to the Russian Black Sea Fleet is scheduled for April 2016.

The Admiral Essen SKR was laid down at the Yantar shipyard on July 8, 2011, launched on November 7, 2014, and factory sea trials began on October 28, 2015. Under two contracts signed with the Russian Ministry of Defense, the Yantar plant is building a series of six patrol ships of Project 11356, developed by JSC Northern Design Bureau.

The Russian fleet will manage without Ukraine >>

On June 7, 2016, the new generation surface ship frigate Project 11356 “Admiral Essen” will be accepted into the Navy. On this day, a solemn ceremony of raising the Naval Flag will take place on the ship at the berth of the Kaliningrad shipyard "Yantar".

The frigate "Admiral Essen" is capable of effectively performing a wide range of tasks, both alone and as part of diverse groups of the Navy in the near and far sea zone. This year, after completing all course tasks, the frigate Admiral Essen will make the transition to its permanent location in the Black Sea Fleet. The frigate's crew was trained at the Joint Training Center of the Navy.

Modernization of the Orlan project cruiser >>

P.S. "Admiral Essen" (serial number 01358) is the second one built at the Yantar Shipyard for the Russian Navy with a modified Project 11356 frigate under a contract dated October 28, 2010. The ship was laid down on July 8, 2011 and launched on November 7, 2014. The frigate entered factory sea trials on November 5, 2015 and began the State trials on January 30, 2016, completing them on April 19. The delivery of the Admiral Essen to the Russian Navy took place on June 7, 2016.

A photograph has appeared of the newest patrol ship "Admiral Essen" of the modified project 11356 of the Russian Navy, which is being repaired in the floating dock PD-8 of the Baltic Shipyard "Yantar" JSC in Kaliningrad.

In preparation for the transition to the Black Sea Fleet on October 10, 2016, the Admiral Essen in Baltiysk received damage to its propellers and one propeller shaft as a result of an erroneous maneuver when placing it on barrels. As a result, the planned passage to the Black Sea on October 16 was canceled, and on November 7 the ship was taken by tugs to the Yantar plant, where it was placed in the PD-8 floating dock for repairs. Repairs according to preliminary data will last until the end of December.

The nuclear submarine "Prince Pozharsky" was laid down >>

During the incident on October 10, the deputy commander of the 30th division of surface ships of the Black Sea Fleet, Captain 1st Rank Vitaly Zvyagintsev (a former Ukrainian Navy officer who transferred to the Russian Navy during the Crimean events in the spring of 2014), was on board the Admiral Essen as a senior officer. Contrary to the proposal of the frigate commander, Captain 2nd Rank Sergei Tomashkov, due to unfavorable weather conditions, to wait for tugs to put the ship on barrels, Captain 1st Rank Zvyagintsev gave the order to moor himself onto the barrels by the crew. At the same time, the commander of the frigate did not surrender control of the ship to the senior in rank, as required by Article 102 of the Ship's Charter, and both officers continued to command “jointly.” As a result of incorrect actions by the command in such conditions, the barrels were dragged under the propellers and the ship received damage to both propellers and one of the propeller shafts.

Captain 2nd rank Sergei Tomashkov, due to the circumstances of the accident, will be removed from the post of commander of the frigate, however, according to unconfirmed information, he is still listed as the ship’s commander.

The ships of the Northern Fleet set off for the shores of Syria >>

On April 28, 2017, the press service of the Southern Military District confirmed, that the second frigate of Project 11356 “Admiral Essen”, built for the Black Sea Fleet, began an inter-naval transition from the Baltic Fleet to its permanent base in Sevastopol.

The frigate set sail for the Black Sea Fleet from Kronstadt on the evening of April 18, 2017. On April 27, the Commander of the Dutch Navy and Admiral of the Benelux, Fleet Lieutenant General Rob Verkerk, reported on his Twitter page that the Admiral Essen was in transit in the North Sea and near the Dutch coast was accompanied by the landing helicopter dock ship L 800 Rotterdam of the Dutch Navy.

Captain 2nd Rank Anton Kuprin, who previously served as senior assistant to the commander of the Project 1164 missile cruiser Moskva of the Black Sea Fleet, was appointed the new commander of the Admiral Essen.

The frigate "Admiral Makarov" began state tests >>

The lead frigate of the Russian Navy of the modified Project 11356 “Admiral Grigorovich” arrived from the Baltic to the Black Sea Fleet on June 9, 2016, becoming the first large surface combatant to join the Black Sea Fleet since 1983. Since September 2016, it has been actively used for combat service off the coast of Syria.

The third built frigate of Project 11356, Admiral Makarov, has been undergoing factory and then state testing since July 2016. It is now assumed that the ship will be delivered to the Russian Navy in May 2017, after which it will also be transferred to the Black Sea Fleet by the end of the year. According to available information, the delay in the State tests of the Admiral Makarova is due to the testing of the new 9M317MA anti-aircraft guided missile with an active radar homing head being introduced into the composition.

The patrol ship "Admiral Essen" (serial number 01358) is the second in a series of six ships of Project 11356 (code "Burevestnik", according to NATO codification - Krivak V), which is being built at the Baltic shipyard "Yantar" under two contracts that have been signed with the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. Named in honor of Admiral Nikolai Ottovich von Essen (December 11, 1860, St. Petersburg - May 07 (20), 1915, Revel), commander of the Russian Baltic Sea fleet.

The lead ship of the series is (hull number 745); on March 11, 2016, the solemn ceremony of the Russian Naval Flag took place.

The patrol ship "Admiral Essen" was laid down on July 8, 2011 on the slipway of the Yantar Shipyard in Kaliningrad (serial number 01358). April 24, 2014 on the Yantar slipway of the patrol ship. November 07, 2014. According to a report dated November 27, the Aviation Equipment holding company has a vertical launch 3S90E.1 for the Shtil-1 anti-aircraft missile system (SAM), which is in service with the ship.

At the Baltic shipyard "Yantar" on June 30, 2015, the ship was tested. Upon completion of mooring tests, the ship will move to the delivery base in the city of Baltiysk to conduct sea trials. As of August 15, it received hull number 751. On October 27, it arrived at the delivery base in Baltiysk and completed the mooring test program. On October 28, it began factory sea trials. January 30, 2016 state tests. According to a message dated March 21, as part of state tests, he arrived in Kronstadt. During the transition, representatives of the factory commissioning team, together with the ship's crew and members of the state acceptance committee, conducted maneuvering and speed tests, checked the operation of all units, systems and components, navigation and radio equipment of the TFR. According to a message dated March 23, as part of state tests, the Leningrad naval base of the Baltic Fleet and went to sea to make an inter-fleet transition to the Northern Fleet. According to a message dated April 4, as part of state tests, he arrived at the main base of the Northern Fleet in the city of Severomorsk. April 15 State tests. On June 7, in Kaliningrad at the Yantar Baltic Shipyard, a ceremonial raising of the Russian Naval Flag took place. According to the order of the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy, Admiral Vladimir Korolev, it was included in the formation of surface ships of the Black Sea Fleet based in Sevastopol.

Main characteristics: Standard displacement 3620 tons, full displacement 4035 tons. The greatest length is 124.8 meters, beam 15.2 meters, draft 4.2 meters (overall 7.5 meters). Speed ​​30 knots. Cruising range 4850 nautical miles at 14 knots. Sailing autonomy is 30 days. Crew 180 people, including 18 officers; 20 Marines.

Engines: Diesel-gas turbine power plant. Power 2x30450 hp, M7N1 gas turbine (8450 hp main gas turbine, 22000 hp afterburner gas turbine), 4 WCM-800 diesel generators of 800 kW each.

Weapons:

Radar weapons: BIUS "Trebovanie-M" or "Sigma", general detection radar "Fregat-M2M", general detection radar "Pozitiv-M1.2" (serial No. 01354-01356), navigation radar MR-212/201-1 " Vaygach-U".

Electronic weapons: Electronic warfare complex PK-10 "Smely" (4 PU KT-216), SU 5P-10 "Puma", SU MR-123-02 "Vympel", PUTS "Purga-11356".

Tactical strike weapons: UKSK "Caliber-NK".

Artillery: 1x1-100mm AU A-190.

Anti-aircraft artillery: 2x6-30mm AU AK-630M.

Missile armament: 8 anti-ship missiles ZM55 "Onyx" or 3M54 (of the "Caliber-NKE" family); UVP ZS90E.1 SAM "Shtil-1", 8x1 PU SAM "Igla-1".

Anti-submarine weapons: 8 anti-submarine missiles 91RE1 (Kalibr-NK family), 1x12 RBU-6000 RPK-8 launchers (48 90R or RGB-60 anti-submarine missiles).

Mine and torpedo armament: 2x2 533 mm DTA-53-956 (SET-65, 53-65K torpedoes).

Aviation group: 1 Ka-27PL or Ka-31 helicopter.

On July 31, 2016, he took part in festive events dedicated to Russian Navy Day in the waters of the Neva, St. Petersburg. According to a message dated August 05, to make the transition to the permanent base in the port of Baltiysk. According to a message dated September 1, Baltiysk headed for Kronstadt for subsequent participation in the events of the International Military-Technical Forum “Army-2016”. According to a message dated November 25, the screw group and the shaft line are in the dock at the Baltic Shipyard Yantar JSC.

According to a message dated April 28, 2017 from the Baltic Fleet to its permanent base. On May 05, he proceeded through the Strait of Gibraltar and into the Mediterranean Sea. May 16 business call at the port of Limassol (Cyprus). According to a message from May 23, in the Mediterranean Sea, they were practicing a convoy operation. According to a message dated May 27, together with a patrol ship, it performs tasks as part of a permanent formation of the Russian Navy in the Mediterranean Sea, where, in accordance with the planned rotation of forces, it will be replaced by a ship of the same type, which has been performing tasks as part of the group since March 2017. On the morning of September 5, sea-based cruise missiles "Caliber" were launched at targets of the ISIS terrorist group in the area of ​​the village of Deir Ez-Zor. September 22 to Sevastopol after completing tasks in the Mediterranean Sea. The crew of the new frigate under the command of Captain 2nd Rank Anton Kuprin was on a long voyage for more than two months.

According to a report dated February 15, 2018, there is a complex of missile and artillery firing at sea ranges. According to a message dated March 13 from Sevastopol to the Black Sea straits. For the crew of the warship, this is the first trip to the far sea zone this year. On May 08, he arrived on a visit to the city of Limassol (Republic of Cyprus), which was training to cover a base point from a massive air strike by a mock enemy. According to a message dated February 28, from Sevastopol and headed for the Black Sea straits. April 30 to Istanbul (Republic of Turkey) to participate in the international defense industry exhibition IDEF-2019. May 04 to Sevastopol after completing tasks in the Mediterranean Sea.

The military, who also took part in the operation against terrorists, were met in Sevastopol. The frigate Admiral Essen arrived there, using Caliber cruise missiles.

Waiting for Sevastopol, the Smetlivy and the flagship - the missile cruiser Moskva. Accompanied by tugboats, the Admiral Essen, a frigate of the newest generation, takes its place in the ceremonial formation of ships of the Black Sea Fleet. Barely holding back tears, relatives try to make out familiar faces on the huge deck.

Over the long months of waiting, the crew's relatives seem to have become one big family. The most touching gift was prepared by mothers and children. “Here is a picture of the ship on which my dad serves. We missed you very much!” - says the girl.

Some have not seen each other for seven months, and others for two and a half years, since the frigate was launched in Kaliningrad. Occasionally they spoke on the phone. The relatives only learned from the news that the crew was about to embark on a combat mission.

“I’m making dumplings, Channel One, news. And that’s it, I started crying, it’s my son who’s shooting somewhere,” recalls the serviceman’s mother, Svetlana Romanova.

“I just can’t express how worried I am for our dear men, not only for my husband, but for the entire crew. But they are nice guys, Russian sailors, real Black Sea residents, we are looking forward to seeing them on our native shore,” says the serviceman’s wife Oksana Kharlamova.

The sailors told their mothers and wives at the last moment that they would return home today - a military secret.

On the way to Sevastopol - its home port - the frigate underwent a baptism of fire. While in the Mediterranean Sea, the Admiral Essen launched Caliber cruise missiles. The launch was carried out from launch shafts or hatches. The last one was just two weeks ago. Then these images spread all over the world.

During a recent operation, six Calibers were fired from this ship. The domestically produced missiles were nicknamed “incinerators” by NATO. Two admirals - the frigates "Essen" and "Grigorovich" - together with the submarine "Krasnodar" destroyed large warehouses of weapons and ammunition of terrorists in two provinces of Syria.

In addition, the Admiral Essen carries on board the modern Shtil anti-aircraft complex, anti-submarine torpedoes, and is armed with cannons, machine guns and grenade launchers of the latest types.

“We were under close surveillance, both submarines and ships tried to follow us, but we carried out the tasks that were assigned to us, and no one could stop us,” said the commander of the frigate Admiral Essen, Anton Kuprin.

The Admiral Essen, which entered Sevastopol Bay for the first time, is greeted with an orchestra. According to naval tradition, the crew is given a loaf of bread and a roast pig. The ceremony is on deck. There is a helipad here. As the commander of the Black Sea Fleet noted, the crew coped with the assigned tasks perfectly.

Tasks and goals are defined. The Admiral Essen will not stay at its home port for long. Soon the crew will again go on combat missions to the Mediterranean Sea. And the third serial frigate of the Black Sea Fleet, Admiral Makarov, will be welcomed in Sevastopol this year.

At the Yantar shipyard in Kaliningrad, a frigate of the 11356R/M series was transferred to the Black Sea Fleet "Admiral Essen". Thus, he joined the ship of the same type "Admiral Grigorovich", together with which he now forms, although still small, but already an attack formation. And this, according to experts, is certainly necessary today in the Black Sea, where recently the NATO onslaught has been increasing before our eyes, both at sea, on land, and in the electromagnetic field of missile defense.

“The USA and the West are striving in every way for a more massive, permanent presence of NATO forces in the Black Sea,- an informed expert on naval issues noted in a conversation with +Tsargrad+, Chief Military Advisor to the Russian Ministry of Defense Admiral Ivan Vasiliev. - As NATO leadership openly proclaims, “with special emphasis on maritime capabilities.” In May, Erdogan said that the Black Sea was turning into a Russian lake, that Russia allegedly threatens the unity of NATO and the integrity of the alliance in this region. And the President of Romania says that it is necessary to create a flotilla under the auspices and leadership of NATO."

These are all elements of NATO’s long-term strategy for complete dominance in the Black Sea basin, the admiral believes: “That’s why they wanted to go to Sevastopol, that’s why they are now taking over Odessa.”

The Black Sea countries began to be increasingly drawn into NATO, although it was hardly possible to assume in the late 1990s - early 2000s that Russia could ever become a threat in the region even to Bulgaria or Romania, not to mention Turkey, whose The fleet was many times larger than the Russian Black Sea Fleet. Back in Soviet times, the latter was given the nickname “chi navy, chi no navy,” and in Russian it simply began to be called the home of orphans and the elderly. And even such remnants of former poverty in the future were locked up in the inconvenience of Tsemes Bay in Novorossiysk (with the simultaneous stripping of the Russian budget for equipping the fleet base from scratch). And Russia even agreed to this! In Novorossiysk, immensely costly work has actually begun to create a new fleet base, which in the future will sooner or later be withdrawn from Sevastopol.

The ceremony of handing over the frigate "Admiral Essen" to the Navy in Kaliningrad. Photo: Vitaly Nevar/TASS

Unfortunately for our “partners” from NATO, the political “roof” of this military bloc in the person of US politicians was too hasty. For some reason, the “green whistle” for the coup in Kyiv sounded early. And the coup itself was carried out crudely, with violence spilling onto the streets from crowds in Nazi exaltation. Ukrainian politicians were also rude and frank, and therefore NATO’s plans for a “clean takeover” of Sevastopol were even voiced with enthusiasm.

This has generally turned out to be a big problem for the West, as political scientists have pointed out more than once - its reliance on seemingly useful, but marginal “native” politicians. If Saakashvili had not launched a punitive expedition against South Ossetia in Georgia in 2008, if the “Svidomo” in Kiev had not reached the Nazi coup that tore Ukraine apart, - from a purely military point of view, the Black Sea would confidently turn into a “NATO lake” in the future, and the entire military Russia's maritime infrastructure in its basin was squeezed into the flimsy breakwaters of Tsemes Bay.

“NATO’s active penetration into the Black Sea is one of the elements of the Cold War, and a very dangerous one at that,”- Admiral Vasiliev emphasizes. - For the sea, unlike land, where there are borders between countries, is a zone of direct contact with a potential enemy. Literally within sight. Therefore, the emergence of a conflict situation becomes more likely, and most importantly, more dangerous, because it can immediately go into a “hot” phase.”

It is from such a “phase transition” that the small - 4035 tons of displacement - but mobile and “toothed” frigates from the “admiral” series should be protected. With a crew of 180 people (plus 20 marines), the Admiral Essen is armed with 8 anti-submarine or anti-ship missiles "Caliber-NK", 2 anti-aircraft missile and artillery modules "Dirk" or "Broadsword" for 6 thousand rounds and 64 missiles, anti-aircraft missiles complex (SAM) "Shtil-1" (another 36 missiles), 8 SAM "Igla-1", an artillery mount with a caliber of 100 millimeters, 48 ​​anti-submarine missiles, torpedo launchers and a helicopter.

"Complex ship,- Admiral Vasiliev described this magnificence. - His striking power is decent. One Caliber missile today is guaranteed to destroy any surface ship. A "Caliber" salvo is a guaranteed destruction of an aircraft carrier. Of course - if the warhead is 220 kilograms of “marine mixture”! In addition, there is powerful air defense and powerful anti-submarine weapons."

At the same time, the military expert added, it is known that the Caliber missile is difficult to shoot down: not only does it lock onto a target at a distance of 60 kilometers, that is, without entering the missile defense zone of an enemy ship, but it also has 15 maneuver correction points.

And a total of 6 such ships will be delivered to the Black Sea Fleet, representatives of the Navy note - the entire “admiral” series. It would even be interesting to look at - conditional, of course! - a battle between the Essen and an American destroyer that had just passed through the straits "Porter"(Porter). He will take part in the exercises of the Black Sea NATO countries. The speed reaches 32 knots - 2 more than our frigate, 90 Aegis missiles, easily replaced by Tomahawk cruise missiles, 74 Standard-2 anti-aircraft missiles, 2 installations of Harpoon anti-ship missiles, anti-submarine weapons are also at the same level. And there is a helicopter too.

"No, these are dangerous ships,- Defense Ministry adviser Ivan Vasiliev rejects “militant” fantasies. - And it’s not for nothing that they are being tested in the Black Sea, the composition is being selected to create a united NATO flotilla. He has decent striking power."

But the main danger, according to the expert, lies elsewhere. American and NATO strategists have not abandoned and are not abandoning their plans for total control over the Black Sea. After the return of Crimea to Russia, the most important diamond of the Black Sea naval global strategic “crown” left the predatory fingers of Washington.

“But NATO countries are now interested in gaining a foothold in the Black Sea with the help and support of Ukraine,- Admiral Vasiliev is convinced. - And the entry of the American guided-missile destroyer Porter is a very serious matter. Americans are participating in the creation of maritime and coastal infrastructure in Ukraine."

And for this, it is enough for Ukraine, the sailors say, to have even such light, “mosquito” boats with a displacement of 50 tons, like Gyurza-type boats. They can only signal their supposed national presence by making their ports and shores available to NATO ships on a “bilateral basis.”

The history of the construction of patrol ships in Russia has glorious and strong roots. Most of the ships in service with the Soviet Navy were ships of this particular class. The duties of protecting the economic maritime zone of the USSR and defending coastal sea borders fell on the shoulders of the patrolmen. No less important functions and tasks are faced by ships of this class in our time. Project 11356 patrol ships remain today the most modern and combat-ready vessels that are coming off the stocks of domestic shipyards. Now it is no longer patrol boats, but frigates of Project 11356 that proudly fly the St. Andrew’s flag on the southern borders of Russia and make up a significant part of the navies of other countries.

The new frigates “Admiral Grigorovich” and “Admiral Essen” have joined the ranks of the Black Sea Fleet, significantly strengthening the Black Sea Fleet with their appearance. The construction of four other ships of this type is at the final stage, which will also soon take their place in the combat ranks of the Russian Black Sea Fleet.

The appearance of frigates in the domestic fleet

In the Soviet Union, unlike the fleets of other countries, the main tactical core of the fleets was patrol ships. This class of warships is a Soviet invention, despite the fact that in the West ships with similar characteristics have long been classified as frigates. With the collapse of the USSR, the classification of warships in the Russian Navy also changed. In accordance with the new Russian naval doctrine, all patrol ships, old and those built at domestic shipyards, were transferred to the class of frigates.

For the Russian fleet, such a change was not new. In terms of their tactical and technical characteristics, the patrol boats fully corresponded to the combat missions that the frigate is capable of accomplishing. Moreover, the construction of frigates under export contracts was in full swing at Russian shipyards. The main buyer of Russian ships of this class was the Indian Navy. Since 2000, 6 Talwar-class frigates have been built and entered the Indian Navy.

It was the Indian order that became the basic platform, thanks to which it was possible not only to keep the entire domestic shipbuilding industry in working order, but also to gain experience in the construction of ships of this class to equip domestic fleets. Russian designers have finalized the basic design of the Talvar-class frigates, creating an improved version of warships of this project. The frigate "Admiral Grigorovich" of project 11356 was laid down on the stocks of the Yantar shipyard until the end of 2012. The lead ship of the project marked the beginning of a new series of domestic frigates of 6 units intended to equip the Black Sea Fleet.

The ships of the project received the code “Burevestnik”. In Western countries, new Russian frigates received the code “Krivak V”.

History of frigates of project 11356

The description of the history of the emergence of project 11356, as always, is connected with the fact that a successful project could again be unsuccessful. Back in the Soviet Union, there was a fierce struggle between specialists and military experts who supported the construction of a new generation of patrol aircraft. According to military sailors, the new ships were supposed to become universal combat units capable of solving a wide variety of combat missions. It was in this spirit that the design documentation was developed. The concept of implementing two projects at once, Project 22350 patrol ships and Project 11356 ships, that existed at that time, turned out to be erroneous. The fleet could receive different types of ships, the maintenance of which could cause certain difficulties and economic difficulties in the future.

The modern naval doctrine of Russia was based on a policy of standardization, so it was decided to continue work on Project 11356, which had already been mastered by the shipbuilding industry. It would be appropriate to recall here that the new frigates are the result of a deep modernization of the Burevestnik class patrol ships, which were built in large numbers in previous years.

Soviet patrol ships of projects 1135 and 1135M turned out to be successful ships. It was the “Petrel” that became the workhorses on whose shoulders fell all the main work on the defense of the maritime borders of our Motherland. A total of 28 ships of this class were built, of which 2 ships, the Pytlivy SKR and the Ladny SKR, still remain in the active Black Sea Fleet. Russian designers took into account the combat experience and practical operation of ships of projects 1135 and 1135M and SKR of project 11351. As a result of painstaking work, a completely new ship appeared.

It should be noted that the new project was successfully implemented during the execution of the Indian contract. Six frigates for India, built at the Baltic Shipyard and at the Yantar Shipyard, have successfully passed all stages of testing and continue to successfully serve in the Indian Navy. However, unlike the export version, Russian ships of Project 11356 will have to receive a completely different filling. In other words, the design of the ship is the same, but the equipment and weapons systems on Russian frigates will be radically different from the Indian project.

The implementation of Project 11356 is primarily aimed at the construction of warships for the Black Sea Fleet, which is in dire need of replenishment with new combat units. The characteristics of the new frigates fully meet the goals and objectives that the ships face in the Black Sea theater.

Construction of Project 11356 frigates

All the main work on developing the project fell on the shoulders of SKB. The basic technical material was the documentation of export contract 1135.6. The main task assigned to the designers was to create a project optimally adapted to the capabilities of domestic shipbuilders. It was necessary to transfer new ships to the fleet as quickly as possible, capable of increasing the defense capability of the southern borders. The lead ship of the Admiral Grigorovich series was laid down in 2010, when the fifth frigate for the Indian Navy was still being completed at the shipyards. Then, with a difference of one year, four more ships were laid down at the facilities of the Kaliningrad shipyard "Yantar": "Admiral Essen", "Admiral Makarov", "Admiral Butakov" and "Admiral Istomin", which received names in honor of famous admirals of the Russian fleet.

The lead ship received a fast steel hull with an elongated forecastle. The bow end of the ship and the contours of the underwater part of the hull have optimal hydrodynamic parameters, increasing the seaworthiness of the ship and the stability of the vessel. The superstructure on the frigate is divided into three separate blocks. A characteristic feature of the project is the presence on the ships of structural elements built using Stealth technology. This was done to increase the stealth of the ship and increase its protection from attacks by anti-ship missiles and aircraft.

During construction, particular importance was attached to the power plant, which was supposed to provide the ships with a long cruising range and high speed. The result of the design work and subsequent construction was the installation of a combined two-shaft gas turbine unit of the COGAG type. The propulsion system consisted of two main gas turbine engines driving two fixed-pitch propellers. In addition, the ship was equipped with two forced engines, providing a rapid increase in speed. The total power of the ship's propulsion system was 56 thousand hp, thanks to which the frigate could reach speeds of up to 30 knots. The ship's energy supply system was provided by four diesel generators with a total power of 3200 kW.

The ship's cruising range at economic speed (14 knots) is 4,500 km. At the same time, the autonomy of the frigates of the new series has been increased to 30 days.

Unlike ships of previous projects, modern ships have new weapons and modern electronic components. The frigates not only had a landing pad for a helicopter, but were also equipped with a hangar for an aircraft. All ships were equipped with Ka-27 helicopters, which performed the role of aerial reconnaissance aircraft. The ship's combat equipment and controls are designed to perform various combat missions, including countering enemy surface ships, repelling air attacks, and searching and destroying submarines.

The first two ships of the Admirals Grigorovich and Essen series were laid down in accordance with the conditions and operation of the first batch of one large contract. The third ship of the first batch should be the frigate Admiral Makarov. The total cost of building six frigates of Project 11356 is 80 billion rubles. Following the first batch, consisting of three ships, construction began on the second batch, which included the frigates Admiral Butakov, Admiral Istomin and Admiral Kornilov. The last ship has so far only been presented as part of a working project and is awaiting its laying.

All ships of the series were laid down, built and launched at the facilities of the Yantar plant. The ships of the first batch, Admiral Grigorovich and Admiral Essen, managed to receive full equipment, and were put into operation in a timely manner. Some delays occurred on the frigate Admiral Makarov, which received the main gas turbine engine late. Subsequent frigates are waiting their turn to be supplied with propulsion systems. The cessation of supplies of gas turbine engines from Ukraine slowed down the commissioning of combat vessels.

Armament of Russian frigates of project 11356

Relying on the versatility of the new ships, the High Naval Command set the designers the task of equipping the ship with currently existing types of weapons.

The main armament of the frigates of the new project is the Kalibr anti-ship missile systems. The launchers are vertical and can be used simultaneously for both Onyx and Caliber missiles.” The launchers were created on the basis of the export version, the Club-N missile system. The strike missile system is designed to destroy surface ships and submarines of all types and classes, as well as to strike coastal targets to tactical depth. The frigates Admiral Grigorovich, Admiral Essen and Admiral Makarov are equipped with Kalibr-NK anti-ship missiles, capable of inflicting fire on naval targets at a distance of up to 400 km. The ZM-14 missile can be re-equipped to fire at ground targets. The firing range for missiles of this modification is 2000-2500 km.

There are currently no analogues to the Club-N missile system among foreign anti-ship systems. All work on guidance and pre-launch preparation is carried out automatically.

Traditionally, ships are armed with artillery. The new AU A-190 artillery system is represented by an automatic 100 mm gun capable of effectively firing at air, sea and ground targets. The gun system was successfully tested on frigates built for the Indian Navy. Effective fire can be fired from the gun at a distance of up to 20 km. The new gun mount has a lightweight design, which was specially created to equip ships with small displacement.

The ships' anti-submarine armament consists of two twin torpedo tubes for launching 533-mm torpedoes. Launchers of the Club-N system can be used to launch the anti-submarine modification of the Caliber missiles. In addition to them, the frigates are equipped with RBU-6000 rocket launchers.

To repel an air attack, new Russian ships are equipped with the Shtil-1 multi-channel air defense system. This weapon is capable of providing all-round defense of the ship against air attacks. As an auxiliary tool for combating low-flying targets, the ship is equipped with the Kashtan missile and artillery system. The system includes guided missiles and two six-barreled AO-18K guns. The system is capable of effectively combating cruise missiles and low-flying small targets.

As for the electronic content of Project 11356 frigates, all the latest developments were implemented here. Fire control is carried out through the Puma fire control system, which is capable of providing long-range search, target acquisition and tracking. The ship's control system is represented by the new Rebovanie-M complex, through which all information coming from the ship's posts passes. Automation completely controls the combat use of weapons, based on an assessment of the current situation and the level of probable danger.

All ship systems are controlled and maintained by a crew of 180 people. For the first time, a marine corps unit of 18 soldiers will be stationed on ships of the Russian fleet.

Epilogue

The new Russian frigates have become a real godsend for the naval command. Project 11356 ships promptly entered service with the Black Sea Fleet, significantly enhancing the combat power and tactical capabilities of the formation of surface ships on the southern flank.

The aggravated situation in the Black Sea maritime theater and the unpredictability of the situation in Syria pose new tasks for new ships. Powerful and high-speed ships are capable of ensuring control of the situation throughout the Black Sea basin. Strike weapons installed on ships are capable of delivering tactical strikes against targets located far beyond the area of ​​responsibility of the Russian Navy.

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