At JSC " ", in the city of St. Petersburg on March 31, 2010, the first production corvette of Project 20380 was launched. Savvy" The project was developed at the Federal State Unitary Enterprise Central Marine Design Bureau " Diamond" In building Project 20380 corvette More than 70 research and industrial enterprises of the Russian Federation took part.

The project fully meets modern trends in world shipbuilding and is the optimal combination of a high degree of ship armament with minimal displacement and high dynamic qualities. The purpose of a corvette is, in wartime, to combat enemy air attack weapons and provide artillery support for landings during amphibious assaults. In peacetime, protection of the state border and economic zone.

Corvette-class multi-purpose maritime zone ship "Steregushchy"

corvette "Steregushchy" at the celebration of Russian Navy Day in St. Petersburg

The basis for the functioning of any ship is the information system. The Project 20380 corvette is equipped with complexes that provide illumination of surface, air and underwater conditions. The air situation lighting complex includes a radar " Fourque-2» with a detection range of up to 110 km. The surface illumination complex includes target designation radar stations " Monument-A", providing information on surface targets in active mode with normal radar visibility up to 45 km, with increased visibility up to 90 km. In the presence of superdiffraction effect up to 250 km. In passive mode, the station allows you to determine the operation of operating transmitting devices surface ships depending on the frequency range and potential of radio-electronic equipment, from 50 to 500 km.

As part of the underwater lighting complex corvette « Savvy» includes hydroacoustic station (GAS) « Zarya-2"located in the nose bulb fairing with an energy detection range for submarines of up to 19 km, GAS " Vignette-M"with a flexible towed antenna, operating in passive mode to detect submarines with a range of up to 20 km, in active mode up to 60 km, search sonar station " Anapa-M"and radio-acoustic buoys of a helicopter, which is part of the air wing corvette project 20380, and allow you to detect targets in the underwater environment using anti-submarine weapons.

The most important system corvette « Savvy" is an integrated GKP formed on the basis of an automated control system " Sigma-20830", which ensures the collection and processing of information in all types of situations, both from its own sources of information and from interacting forces; assessment of the situation and development of decisions for the conduct of combat operations of both a single ship and a tactical group; ensuring tactical and information interaction with other forces; ensuring the use of weapons individually and as part of a group; tactical maneuvering and navigation safety.

The basis of combat power corvette « Savvy" is his weapon. The ship's armament includes complexes balanced by target designation sources and is represented by:

Anti-ship missile system - " Uranus"with a firing range of 130 km and 8 units of ammunition;
- anti-aircraft missile system " Kortik-M"with a missile range of 1500-8000 m, and a rate of fire of up to 3000 rounds;
- anti-aircraft artillery mount AK-630M with a caliber of 30 mm and a damage zone of up to 4000 m;
-automatic artillery mount A-190 with a caliber of 100 mm and a firing range of up to 21.3 km;
- anti-submarine weapons: 324 mm torpedo tubes and a KA-27PL helicopter;
-fight against PDSS;

As the experience of wars and conflicts without the presence of ship electronic suppression means it is not possible to effectively organize air defense, therefore the Project 20380 corvette is equipped with the TK-25-2 electronic suppression complex, which ensures the detection of operating shipborne assets and aircraft radars and heads for creating active jamming. For missiles to escape to a false target on warship a complex of fired close-range jammers “PK-10” is provided, consisting of four launchers with 89 rounds of ammunition. A special feature of this project is the provision of basing for the KA-27PL anti-submarine helicopter.

Project corvette « Steregushchiy" was developed using the most modern design technologies using " " technology. The radar signature of the ship is reduced due to the use of highly flammable fiberglass with radio-absorption properties as the superstructure material, as well as due to the architectural layout of the hull and superstructure, and the placement of the main antenna posts inside radio-transparent masts.

The design features of the new ships include a modified design of the underwater part of the hull, which made it possible to use a less powerful and at the same time lighter power plant and, as a result, led to a decrease in displacement ship up to 15 percent. The engineers also managed to minimize the noise level of the power plant mechanisms based on the technologies and principles used during the construction of the " Lada».

The warship perfectly combines powerful weapons and reduced displacement without compromising its performance and seaworthiness. has a number of new technical solutions that allow it to stand out qualitatively among similar ships

Lead ship this project " Steregushchiy"was laid down on December 21, 2001 at OJSC " Shipyard "Severnaya Verf"", in October 2008, entered the combat composition of the Baltic Fleet of the Russian Navy. Later, three ships of the same type were laid down on the stocks of this shipyard. Savvy» May 20, 2003 and became the first production ship project 20380, corvette « glib» July 27, 2005 and corvette « Persistent» November 10, 2006, and corvette « Perfect"was laid down on the slipway of the Amur Shipyard on June 30, 2006 in Komsomolsk-on-Amur.

New corvettes should become the basis of the Russian Navy in the near sea zone. The command of the Russian Navy assesses the fleet's need for ships of the " corvette"in 20 units.

Technical characteristics of the corvette “Soobrazitelny” project 20380:
Length - 104.5 m;
Width - 13 m;
Draft - 3.7 m;
Displacement - 2220 tons;
Power point- diesel type “16D49”;
Power - 23320 l. With.;
Speed ​​- 27 knots;
Cruising range - 4000 miles;
Autonomy - 15 days;
Crew - 99 people;
Armament:
Anti-ship missile system - "Uran" - 8 units;
Anti-aircraft missile system "Kortik-M" - 1;
Anti-aircraft artillery mount AK-630M 30 mm - 2;
Automatic artillery mount A-190 100 mm - 1;
Torpedo tubes 324 mm - 2;
Helicopter KA-27PL - 1;

FRIGATES, CORVETTES AND SLOOPS

By the beginning of the 18th century, in all coastal European countries, shipbuilding became “the business of the sovereign.” In England, France, and Spain, royal foresters marked oak trees, which in fifty years were destined to turn into keels, stems and frames of ships. Anyone who dares to bring an ax to the “sovereign trees” will face the death penalty. An all-powerful tradition demands that every ship launched from the stocks, be it an ordinary “merchant” or a multi-gun ship, is a work of art, a masterpiece, decorated with the coinage and coat of arms of His Majesty. Even ordinary cargo ships try to dress up like a commoner who has become rich. for the sea increasingly rewards the risk of those who dare to measure their strength with it.

By this time, innovations had also appeared in shipbuilding technology. More advanced hull contours made it possible to more advantageously distribute cargo in the holds and on the decks. In search of protection from the navalis-teredo woodworm, the underwater parts of ship hulls began to be sheathed with copper sheets.

The basis of the military fleets of European countries is still made up of battleships - three- and two-deck.

The first serious work on naval combat tactics appeared in 1696. Its author is Pavel Gost, a Jesuit, chaplain on the squadron of the French admiral de Tourville, and then a professor of mathematics at the Royal Seminary in Toulon. The work of Pavel Gost was translated into Russian for the first time by order of Peter I, but it seemed to him “very gloomy and inaccurate” in content and terms. Therefore, the book was ordered to be translated again. However, a new complete translation appeared only in 1764. Admiral Ivan Golenishchev-Kutuzov provided this work with a very long title: “The Art of War Fleets, or Essays on Marine Evolutions, Containing Useful Rules for Flagships, Captains and Officers, with Examples Taken from the Most Notable Incidents at Sea for Fifty Years.”

All naval commanders of that time followed the dead canon of the Jesuit Gost and considered above all else the preservation of the formation of ships, regardless of the situation. The initiative of many talented admirals was completely suppressed by the strictest instructions. The British suffered the greatest damage from this. In 1744, they lost the Battle of Toulon, after which they blamed Admiral Matthews for trying to take advantage of a favorable moment and breaking the formation. In 1756, the English admiral Byng fought the French at the island. Minorca, trying to avoid the fate of Matthews, acted in accordance with the spirit and letter of the charter, did not break the formation and... also lost the battle. In 1790, the work of John Clerk was published, which made a complete revolution in the tactical methods of naval combat. There were indicated methods of attack in which the attacked cannot evade the battle, it was prescribed, if there is a need, to break the formation, since the latter in itself has no meaning. John Clerk's book "Movement of Fleets" was translated into Russian in 1803 by Captain Yu. Lisyansky

The first was lucky enough to take advantage of the Clerk's advice to the English admiral Lord Rodney. In 1772, he defeated the French at the Battle of Dominica. Since then, the maneuver of cutting through the enemy line and attacking part of his fleet with two fires has become the favorite maneuver of all famous admirals. Nelson used it twice at Aboukir in 1798 and at Trafalgar in 1805. The Russian naval commander Ushakov, even earlier than Nelson, used this maneuver in the battle of Kaliakria in 1791, completely defeating a strong Turkish squadron.

In the middle of the 18th century, a new scientific and applied discipline appeared - the theory of the ship. In 1746, a work on the theory of shipbuilding by the French scientist Bouguer was published, three years later - an extensive study by a member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, Leonhard Euler, “Marine Science”, where the doctrine of buoyancy and stability was developed, the concept of a metacenter and its position relative to the center of gravity was introduced, conditions of water resistance, issues of propulsion and maneuverability of a ship under sail.

Theoretical research has borne fruit. A universal type of warship appears - the frigate (Fig. 44) - a three-masted ship with square sails.

Rice. 44 Typical French frigate "La Flore": length - 51 m, width - 11 m, draft - 5.5 m

The term "frigate" comes from the word "fragta" - which means "open". In the Middle Ages, the Italians understood this word as small, undecked, rowing and sailing vessels that were very easy to sail. As a type of battery-deck warship, the frigate first appeared in England when shipbuilder Peter Pett launched the 32-gun Constant Warwick at Chatham in 1646. Its main dimensions were as follows: length - 28 m; width – 9 m; Hold depth is 4 m.

Like battleships, frigates were divided into ranks: 24-gun, 36-gun and 44-gun. By the beginning of the 19th century, the number of guns on frigates reached 60.

The next class of warship after the frigate was called a corvette (Fig. 45). As you can see, the corvette had neither a raised aft superstructure - a quarterdeck, nor a bow deck - a forecastle. On the open upper deck the ship carried 18–22 cannons or coronades. Often, in addition to sails, corvettes were equipped with two dozen large oars.

Rice. 45 "Hall" - English corvette: length - 30, width - 9, draft - 5 m

Sloops of war are siblings of corvettes. Until the end of the 19th century, all warships smaller in size than corvettes were called sloops. It is to them - frigates, corvettes and sloops - that mankind owes great geographical discoveries. During his circumnavigation of the world on the frigate Beagle, Darwin wrote his brilliant work, On the Origin of Species. Cook commanded the frigates Endeavor and Resolution. La Perouse's "Boussol" and "Astrolabe" were also frigates. The sixth continent of our planet was discovered by the Russian sloops of war “Vostok” and “Mirny”. The unforgettable Admiral S. O. Makarov conducted his oceanographic research on the sail-screw corvette Vityaz.

On October 28, 2016, the first ship of Project 20386 was laid down at the Severnaya Verf Shipyard OJSC. The corvettes that are to be assembled within the framework of Project 20386 are the most promising of the entire line of Project 20380. Corvette “Daring” is the first ship from the 20386 series - is a modernized warship that took the best features from the 20380 and 20385 series corvettes.

It will differ in its displacement, different hull contours, changes in the composition of the ship's radio equipment and many other improvements.

The history of the appearance of project 20386.

The history of Project 20386 began with the appearance of the earlier Project 20380. Corvettes of this series are completely new ships that are equipped with the most powerful Redut missile defense system. This system includes 9M96M missiles, as well as the S-400 MANPADS, designed specifically for the navy.

Project 20380 ships are currently part of the Baltic Fleet and are armed with one of the most powerful air defense systems. It is already very difficult to classify these warships as ordinary patrol ships, although formally they are in this class. Abroad, vessels of this type have long been classified as a separate class.

The next round of development of Project 20380 was the warships of Project 20385, which received even more powerful weapons, even compared to the corvettes of the previous project. If we compare ships in terms of combat power, then the corvettes of Project 20385 (and the corvettes of Project 20380 too) can be put on the same level as the powerful frigates of Project 11356. Despite such high combat power, the new corvettes have half the size and displacement.

Why did Project 20386 begin to develop according to a different scenario?

Although it would seem that designers should continue to increase the armament power of new corvettes, in fact, it is not advisable to do this. A number of factors speak against this:

• Corvettes with powerful and expensive weapons are too expensive for the navy;
• The construction of such ships is extremely delayed, which leads to their obsolescence even before their official release into series;
• A construction with such powerful weapons automatically takes them out of class, since the tasks of a corvette in no way include the responsibility of being a floating air defense complex;
• The high cost prevents mass production.

In addition to these, there are many more factors that stubbornly indicate that Russian designers have chosen a fundamentally wrong development path.

That is why it was decided to make the new Project 20386 corvettes cheaper by reducing the number of weapons. In addition, after reducing the number of weapons on board the corvette, the speed and maneuverability of the vessel increased significantly. Corvettes are not at all designed to deliver powerful blows to the enemy. Their main tasks are the following functions:

• Patrolling territorial waters;
• Escort of transport and merchant ships;
• Protection against attacks on the main fleet in quick response mode.

Moreover, the Russian Navy is in dire need of ships of this particular class.

It was decided to make the new project to create a corvette as cheap as possible in order to increase the speed of their production. Although thoughts were repeatedly expressed that ready-made ships of previous projects should be used as a “base” for creation, it was decided to design a new ship from a “clean slate.” According to the technical specifications, it should have a small displacement and carry on board fairly light but balanced weapons.

What will the corvette “Daring” be like?

The first ship of Project 20386, called “Daring”, is the corvette of the future. It represents a kind of intermediate class between a patrol ship and a full-fledged frigate. As a result, although formally the ship “Daring” belongs to the class of corvettes, in its characteristics it is more similar to a full-fledged destroyer.

In accordance with the development plan, the first corvette of Project 20386 must fight not only in near waters, but also confront the enemy at the far reaches of Russian territorial waters. The designers of the new ship are faced with a truly difficult task - to create a universal combat unit that can replace warships of several classes at once. So, in accordance with the technical specifications, the corvette “Daring” must confidently cope with the following combat missions:

• New ships must protect sea communications within a 200 mile zone;
• To counter the enemy who is located both at close and long distances from the Russian fleet’s bases;
• Provide with its air defense system the protection of fleet ships from sudden enemy air raids;
• Search, find and destroy enemy submarines in the zone controlled by the corvette;
• Provide cover for the attacking landing force, both through its air defense systems and conventional fire preparation.

Naturally, a ship with such a wide range of responsibilities should differ significantly from its predecessors. The designers tried to implement in Project 20386 a ship that can act as the main strike force and at the same time have the functions of a patrol vessel.

It turns out that the designers, having built in the potential of the new warship, are again stepping on the same rake. It is unlikely that it will be possible to implement such a project in a short time, especially since the cost will be quite high.

The leadership of the Russian Navy continues to adhere to its strange tactics, which is expressed in the construction of multifunctional ships produced in very limited quantities. If this option is acceptable for the construction of several huge aircraft carriers, then at least several dozen corvettes of the same series should be immediately produced. Developing a new project each time, the military industry simply does not have time to provide the Russian Navy with the required number of modern warships.

Most major maritime powers produce ships of this class in fairly large series (the USSR also did this). For example, the famous American destroyers Oliver Perry were produced in the amount of 71 warships. The Chinese are doing the same thing, spending huge amounts of money on the defense industry in recent years. In China, over 10 years, more than 20 corvettes of type 056 were built, and their production is planned to be closed no earlier than 60-80 ships of this type are produced.

Despite all the disagreements, the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation in April 2014 signed a contract with MPKB Almaz to carry out design work.

Design features of the new cruiser "Daring"

Since the new corvette “Daring” is a multifunctional combat ship, its design will have many non-standard solutions:

• It is planned to use the latest gas turbine unit as a power plant, which will be partially powered by electricity. This is a whole complex consisting of two Russian gas turbine diesel engines, each of which will develop up to 27,500 l/s. In addition, each of these engines will be assisted by a specially designed electric motor that develops power up to 2,200 hp. Such power plants have been used in the automotive industry for a long time. They are known as hybrid engines;
• The superstructure of the new military corvette of the Russian Navy is planned to be made of durable polymer-composite materials of the new generation, which will significantly lighten the weight of the warship;
• Fundamentally new cargo hatches will appear, which will be located in the surface parts of the sides. This will help the ship realize the full potential of the technology. Already now the ship is often called a “ghost corvette”;
• The ship will receive completely new hydraulic systems, a new control system, life support and electrical equipment.

The corvette "Daring" received new hull lines, which allowed it to improve its seaworthiness. The ship turned out to be very stable. It does not “climb” the wave, but cuts it, so it can go out into the open sea with waves up to 5 points.

Armament of the first corvette of project 20386.

The armament of the corvette “Daring” significantly exceeds the potential of its foreign “colleagues”. For example, the American USS Montgomery, which is considered the newest ship of the same class, has a significantly weaker combat potential. If these two ships had met one on one, the American ship would have had little chance of surviving.

The first corvette of Project 20386 will be equipped with the following weapons:

• A universal automatic artillery mount A190 of 100 mm caliber, which will be installed in a new flattened turret;
• On board the ship will be installed two Uran or Uran-U missile systems, which are intended to destroy enemy ships at a distance of 130 to 260 km. It is possible that this will be the Caliber missile system, whose missiles are capable of hitting surface ships at a distance of up to 375 km. In order to reduce the visibility of these complexes, they are hidden in the stowed position of the ship behind special shields, which are located in the central part of the ship's superstructure;
• The Redut air defense system launchers are located in the bow of the corvette. They serve to destroy air targets, both at medium and short distances;
• In the middle part of the hull, special launchers of the Package-NK complex will be installed on board. This complex is designed for anti-torpedo protection of a corvette;
• At the stern, on both sides of the sides, there will be automatic six-barreled artillery mounts designed to repel attacks by pirates, saboteurs, and also shoot floating mines.

Although the exact composition of the armament of the Derzkiy corvette is unknown, the designers have repeatedly stated that the principle of modular configuration will be implemented on the warship. A special compartment designed for modules will contain containers with a variety of weapons and equipment.

In addition, the ship’s KA-27 helicopter and several unmanned aerial vehicles of the Horizon helicopter type will be placed on board the Derzkiy corvette.

Radio equipment of the corvette "Daring"

At the moment, it is planned to install on the Derzkiy corvette radio equipment identical to that located on the Project 20385 corvettes. Since these systems can be improved over the course of several years, it is possible that more advanced radio equipment will be installed on the new corvette. Now the proposed set of radio weapons looks like this:

• Combat information and control system "Sigma";
• Radar station "Furke-2";
• Target designation radar;
• Two navigation type radars;
• Navigation aids;
• Communication complex "Ruberoid";
• Electronic warfare equipment;
• OGAS "Anapa-M";
• Station "Minotaur-M".

To protect against standard means of detecting the enemy and his anti-ship missiles, the “Brave” complex of fired jammers is used. The operation of this complex reduces the chances of hitting a ship by 70%.

After images of the Daring ship appeared in the public domain, many were struck by its external similarities with the American Freedom-class littoral combat ship, which is also equipped with a modular weapons system. In a few years, it will be possible to compare the characteristics of these two ships and check which country has a more promising corvette.

CORVETTE (French corvette, from Latin corbita - ship),

1) a ship of the sailing fleet of the 17th-19th centuries, intended for reconnaissance, messenger service, and sometimes for cruising operations. Corvettes became famous mainly due to geographical discoveries (expeditions of J. Cook, J. F. La Perouse, J. Dumont-D'Urville, I. F. Krusenstern, etc.). Initially, a corvette was a single-masted boat with a displacement of 150-200 tons; in the 1st half of the 18th century - a two-masted, and then a three-masted ship with square sails, a displacement of 400-600 tons. It had a lightweight design with one deck for guns (up to 30 pieces); in size and armament it occupied an intermediate position between a frigate and a brig. In Russia, sailing corvettes appeared in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. In total, 31 ships of this class were built at domestic shipyards.

2) A medium-displacement warship during the transition from sailing to steam fleet. In the middle of the 19th century, wheeled and then screw corvettes with a steam engine appeared, with a displacement of 800-3500 tons, with a speed of up to 14 knots (26 km/h), with open (20-32 guns) or closed (14-24 guns) batteries . The construction of Russian screw corvettes with wooden hulls began in 1855. As an auxiliary propulsion, they carried a lightweight mast with a straight sail. Since the 1860s, the construction of corvettes with iron hulls began. Ships with armor protection belonged to the class of armored corvettes. A total of 32 screw and armored corvettes were built (1 of them in France), 1 wheeled steamship corvette was purchased in the United States. With the introduction of a new classification in 1892, the class of corvettes was abolished, and all ships remaining in service were assigned to the subclass of 1st rank cruisers. In the Russian fleet, steam corvettes were also used as research vessels (expeditions of E.V. Putyatin, N.N. Miklouho-Maclay, S.O. Makarov, etc.).

3) A specially built escort ship that appeared in the US and British Navy during the 2nd World War. Displacement 500-1600 tons, speed 16-20 knots (30-37 km/h). Armament: artillery mounts of 76-102 mm caliber and anti-aircraft guns of 20-40 mm caliber, bomb throwers and depth charges, equipped with radar and hydroacoustic means of air and underwater surveillance.

4) A modern multi-purpose close-sea combat ship of medium displacement (up to 2 thousand tons), equipped with automatic artillery installations, strike missile systems, close-in and short-range anti-aircraft and anti-boat defense systems. It is in service with the navies of most states. In the Russian Federation, serial construction of a new generation of corvettes of Project 20 380 is underway, designed to combat surface ships, submarines, patrol, artillery support for amphibious landings and other tasks. The lead ship Steregushchy was handed over to the Russian Navy in February 2008.

Lit.: History of domestic shipbuilding. M., 1994-1996. T. 1-2; Chernyshev A. A. Russian sailing fleet: Directory. M., 2002.T. 2; Berezhnoy S.S. Cruisers and destroyers: Directory. M., 2002.

The ship under the loud name “Rattling” is a Project 20385 corvette, which was preparing to be laid down in February 2012. In parallel, the development of an analogue of the “Agile” was carried out. The process began at the location in St. Petersburg. The ceremony was attended by high ranks of the Russian armed forces. This project is directly focused on the construction of military vessels, the arsenal of which includes the most modern offensive and defensive weapons.

Development and construction

The project 20385 corvette is an improved version of a similar design under the designation 20380, with the introduction of fundamentally new technological and design solutions. in St. Petersburg signed a contract to create four ships of this category, two of which are already ready. In parallel, work is being carried out in Komsomolsk-on-Amur. The new ships must become as reliable as possible in terms of attack, including the use of the latest air defense systems.

The corvette of Project 20385 (“Thundering”) was developed by the Almaz design bureau. The predicted home port of the ships after completion is the Northern Fleet. The project under consideration is significantly more advanced than its predecessor. This is especially true for tactical and technical parameters, weapons, combat and maneuvering capabilities. In theory, manufacturers plan to build ten similar corvettes for the Russian Navy. This will make it possible to significantly increase defense capability in terms of protecting the maritime border. It is worth noting that composite materials are used in the production of ships, and the cost of their production and delivery amounted to at least half a million rubles.

Features and usage

20385 is a project of a new generation corvette intended for multi-purpose use. Its main task is to detect and destroy enemy surface ships or submarines. The combat vessel also serves for landing troops, protecting the coastal zone, and escorting other ships.

In addition to artillery and missile weapons, there are radar and sonar systems on board. The installation of a hangar for the Ka-27 helicopter expands the capabilities of the warship. This significantly increases the combat effectiveness of the vessel, allowing timely detection of enemy targets. Additional protection against detection of the Project 20385 corvette is the use of special technologies in the design that minimize their radar detection. Reliability and maneuverability in any conditions are guaranteed by composite components from FSUE Prometey, which have proven their importance in previous similar developments.

Technical indicators

Below are the characteristics of the Project 20385 corvette:

• Length/width of the ship - 104/13 m.
• The displacement is 2200 tons.
• Speed ​​threshold - 27 knots.
• The vessel's autonomy indicator is 15 days.
• The distance covered is 5600 km.
• Power units - diesel engines 1DDA-12000.
• The number of crew members is 99 people.

The artillery weapons on board are represented by the A-190-01 installation (100 mm caliber). There is a universal missile system "Caliber", machine guns, anti-aircraft guns of the "Redut" type, acoustic and radar bases, anti-submarine weapons "Package" and reinforcement in the form of a Ka-27 helicopter.

Hull and superstructure

The Gremyashchiy corvette is the lead ship in the newest project 20385. Its hull is predominantly made of steel and has a smooth deck. Innovative design solutions have improved resistance to oncoming water by 25 percent and reduced loads on the main electrical installation.

The new design of the underwater part of the hull allows the use of a power plant with less weight, and this frees up the displacement parameter by about 20 percent. In this regard, the ship’s combat equipment can be significantly strengthened. An additional advantage is the increase in speed by two knots.

The superstructure of the swimming combat vehicle is made of non-flammable composite components. They include fiberglass and carbon fiber-based polymers. This system makes it possible to achieve a small detection radius by location stations and systems. The stern is equipped with a special hangar and platform for the placement and take-off of the Ka-27 helicopter. Its fuel reserve is about 20 tons. Project 20380 and Project 20385 corvettes are strikingly different in equipment and armament in favor of the latter option.

Power plant

Previously, the main power unit was supposed to be German MTU type engines. Subsequently, following countermeasures for import substitution, it was decided to use domestically produced engines. The order was sent to specialists from JSC Zvezda and the Kolomna plant. As a result, the Project 20385 corvette was equipped with a pair of DDA-1200 diesel units.

Each unit includes two motors and a reversible gearbox. They have an automatic control system and microprocessors. The characteristics of the power plants are given below:

• Working life - at least 15 thousand engine hours.
• The average cruising range, taking into account a speed of 14 knots, is 4,000 nautical miles.
• The material of the piston base is heat-resistant steel type EI-415.
• The basis of the power units is AK-6 aluminum alloy.
• The power rating of each generator is 630 kW.
• Current requirement - 50 Hz (380 watts).

These installations make it possible to provide a high percentage of power with a minimum of fuel and oil consumption, while reducing the hydroacoustic signature of the ship.

Ship radio equipment

The project 20385 corvette "Gremyashchiy" has the following radio equipment:

• System "Sigma" (BIUS).
• Automatic communication unit "Ruberoid".
• Targeting complex "Monument".
• General detection station "Furke-2".
• OGAS node "Anapa-M".

These devices make it possible to reduce the probability of detecting a vessel by three times and operate in a mode from 64 to 2000 MHz. They are able to identify over two hundred intended targets, and also counter enemy missile systems, providing protection to the ship. This is facilitated by four launchers for neutralizing interference of the “Bold” type. Coordination actions to control the helicopter are carried out using a special navigation tower OSP-20380.

Armament

The vessels in question are equipped with several types of weapons. Among them:

1. A pair of combat anti-ship installations with four launch systems and 8 missiles. The launch containers are located in the middle part of the body (longitudinally along the diameter of the platform). The maximum target engagement range is 260 km.
2. Anti-aircraft weapons, which consist of the Redut system with three modular installations, the Igla mobile complex, thirty-millimeter guns with six barrels (mounted on the stern).
3. Complex "Rubezh".
4. A pair of 330 mm caliber guns against torpedoes (Packet-N system).
5. 100-mm artillery mount A-190. Its rate of fire is about 80 launches per minute. The Puma control system allows you to control aiming and shooting itself.
6. Anti-submarine helicopter Ka-27.

The Project 20385 corvette, the photo of which is shown below, can launch projectiles aimed at hitting not only enemy submarines and surface vessels, but also oncoming torpedoes.

Seaworthiness parameters

The ship in question has increased seaworthiness compared to its analogues and predecessors. In this case, the load on vibrations during lateral motion does not matter. This opportunity gives the right to freely use all ammunition even in sea conditions of up to 5 points.

The designers paid special attention to the survivability of the ship. The developers used the latest technologies and composite materials. This made it possible to significantly reduce the radar signature of the ship. The Gremyashchiy corvette of Russian corvette project 20385 is the first of its kind, equipped with polymer materials with high absorption of radio impulses and non-standard architectural design.

As a result, the detection and circular dispersion factor decreased by almost three times (compared to analogues). Additional protection is provided by complexes aimed at blocking enemy attack weapons.

What modifications were developed?

According to the initial plan, it was planned to develop and build four main corvettes of Project 20385. “Gremyashchiy,” the photo of which is presented above, became the flagship and a single vessel, the construction of which continued in this direction. In addition, the following modifications were designed:

1. Border patrol corvette (20380P).
2. Export version equipped with minimal weapons. It was supposed to have the option of changing ammunition to foreign analogues.
3. "Prompt". It was purposefully prepared for the Black Sea Fleet and had improved equipment and weapons.
4. An upgraded version with the ability to mount the Horizon combat mount.

The names of the ships are no less sonorous: “Zealous” and “Strict”.

Project 20385 corvette “Provorny”

This vessel is assigned serial number 1006. It is the second hull of the project under consideration. The laying of the series also took place at the Northern Shipyard of the shipbuilding plant in St. Petersburg.

The event was attended by Admiral Vysotsky, fleet commanders of all levels, as well as other high-ranking officials and honored guests. The development of this project began in the spring of 2013. The Provorny differs from previous models in its large displacement (2200 tons) and dimensions. The length of the ship is 105 meters, and the beam and draft are 13 and 8 meters, respectively. The equipment in the weapons is also an order of magnitude different from its predecessors, thanks to the possibility of installing the Caliber-NK systems, Redut and Package complexes. It is planned to be based on the deck of a Ka-27PL helicopter.

Peculiarities

A very important difference between the ship in question is the presence of an optocoupler-type mast, which serves to control radar devices and increases the ability to detect enemy targets, and also helps to strengthen the combat caravan, guaranteeing the escort and identification of ships and aircraft. A significant role in this is played by the radar and control unit of the Puma type.

Judging by the commentary of the leading engineer of the Almaz central design bureau, K. Golubev, development in terms of new naval ship construction is also being carried out according to an improved program under the index 20386. The project is focused on the maximum provision of domestic weapons, although the details of the construction still remain secret.

As stated by Deputy Minister of Defense of Russia Yu. Borisov, by 2020 it is planned to produce at least 16 corvettes of the class in question. The main production facilities are concentrated at the shipyard in St. Petersburg and the Amur Shipbuilding Plant.

Experts think that the main problem in the construction of such ships is the compatibility of the latest weapons in large quantities and the cost of the final version. Designers continue to work to bring this figure to the optimal level.

Bottom line

The Project 20385 corvette, the characteristics of which are given above, has the most modern weapons and a multifunctional focus. As part of this event, the construction of only one of the representatives (“Thundering”) continues. The remaining vessels are being developed according to an updated design. This is due to the rise in cost of the ship, which is not always justified by the presence of various types of heavy weapons. The developers, despite the delay in replacing foreign power plants with domestic analogues, say that all planned work is being carried out according to the planned schedule.