The small anti-submarine ship "Kazanets" (formerly "MPK-205") is the second ship in a series of 12 ships of Project 1331M, which was built at the Peene-Werft shipyard in Wolgast (GDR) by order of the USSR Navy. Project 1331 was developed on the basis of the IPC Project 1124 "Albatross" in the German Democratic Republic (GDR) with the help of specialists from the Zelenodolsk shipyard for the Navy of the National People's Army of the GDR and the Warsaw Pact countries, as well as for export sale. They differ from the basic project (1331) in the composition of their weapons. The ships of this project are intended for patrol duty, water area protection and anti-submarine warfare.

The Kazanets MPK was laid down as MPK-205 at the Peene-Werft shipyard in Wolgast (GDR) on January 4, 1985 (building number 374). Launched on December 28, 1985. Entered the Baltic Fleet on April 28, 1986. Board number: 02 (since 1986), 223 (since 1990), 311 (since 1998).

Main characteristics:
Standard displacement is 865 tons, full displacement is 935 tons.
Length 75.2 meters
Width 9.78 meters
Draft 2.65 meters
Full speed 24.5 knots
Cruising range 2500 miles at 12 knots
Sailing autonomy 10 days
Crew 80 people, including 9 officers

Power plant:
3x4750 hp, M-504A diesel engines, 3 fixed propellers, 1 500 kW diesel generator, 2 200 kW diesel generators

Weapons:
2 launchers of the Strela-3 or Igla-1 anti-aircraft missile system,
16 anti-aircraft guided missiles 9M32M or 9M313,
76 mm artillery mount AK-176,
six-barreled 30 mm artillery mount AK-630,
2 two-container 533 mm torpedo tubes,
2 rocket launchers RBU-6000 "Smerch-2",
96 RSL-60 reactive depth charges,
2 bomb releasers.

Today, a lot of work is going on on the small anti-submarine ship "Kazanets". The sailors are preparing it for one of the main events - the naval parade. In addition to appearance, it is necessary to put all technical equipment in order in order to appear in full dress.

NTV correspondent Alexey Korepanov observed.

On the Kronstadt pier, the small anti-submarine ship "Kazanets" stands in splendid isolation. The rest of the fleet went to the Baltic. Exercises are currently taking place there. However, the crew is not sitting idle; they are putting on the final polish before the main sailors' holiday. This year's naval parade will take place in St. Petersburg on July 29.

On deck from the very morning - general cleaning. After simple manipulations, the copper plate shines in the bright sun as if it were new. Sailors with a brush in their hands synchronously renew the paint. Over the past winter, “Kazanets” was seriously worn out: sea salt left its mark.

Rim Talipov, sailor: “It will be necessary to paint the sides in the near future, wipe off the rust from the decks and paint them again, and also, accordingly, put the guns in order.”

The ship's dining room turned into a large studio for several hours. Under the watchful gaze of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, conscripts conjure their dress uniforms. The snow-white flanks are ironed, and buttons are sewn on stitch by stitch. Dagestani Magomed removes an annoying stain with a soap solution. If the commanders don’t like the uniform before the holiday, they will have to start over.

Magomed Akhmedov, sailor: “It shouldn’t be wrinkled, it should be clean, there should be arrows and gold buttons.”

Half an hour later, you can already feel the approach of lunch in the compartments. On the menu today are traditional naval cabbage soup and pasta with liver. There is still time before the holiday. Chef Alexander promises to come up with something original. Colleagues are already asking for solyanka and seafood salad.

Alexander Shipitsin, ship's cook: “Let's consult with the guys and prepare something more interesting. Let’s make evening tea with some sweets.”

The neatly tucked bunks today are more of a demonstration for journalists. At the festival next weekend, sailor life will be shown to everyone who is curious. The ship's crew of 72 people is almost entirely new recruits. This will also be the first parade for Captain Pankov.

Yaroslav Pankov, commander of the Kazanets MPK, lieutenant commander: “We’ll show you the weapons, tell you about the ship: what tasks it performs, what it can do, what exercises it participates in and what awaits it this year.”

Sponsored by the capital of Tatarstan, the small but capable “Kazanets” will take the rap for the entire Leningrad flotilla at the parade. They promise to please the personnel in honor of the holiday. The sailors modestly admit behind the camera: they want to go ashore for at least a couple of hours. Some to the Hermitage, and some just to the cinema.

They were developed on the basis of the small anti-submarine ship Project 1124 "Albatross" in the German Democratic Republic (GDR) with the help of specialists from the Zelenodolsk shipyard. The main observer from the Navy for this project was Captain 2nd Rank O.K. Korobkov. The ships were intended to search and destroy enemy high-speed submarines, guard warships and convoys in the coastal zone. It was supposed to build ships for the Navy of the National People's Army of the GDR, for other countries of the Warsaw Pact Organization and for export.

The ship's hull is steel, smooth-deck, with a sheer bow and a widened bow superstructure that occupies the entire width of the hull. The ship was built using a longitudinal casting system and had upper and lower decks, a platform, a hold and a second bottom. The bow and stern superstructures, internal enclosures and part of the foundations were made of aluminum-magnesium alloys to reduce displacement. The mast is represented by a four-legged foremast and a tower-like mainmast of square section made of light alloys. The ships were equipped with year-round cooling and air conditioning systems in residential, service areas and combat posts, which made it possible to maintain normal temperature, humidity, cleanliness and air changeability in the ship's premises. The ships are also equipped with a space heating and ventilation system, emergency cooling systems for the main engines and sea water supply, utility steam pipeline systems and a fresh water system. The ships were distinguished by exceptionally good quality of construction, good quality and reliability of equipment.
The ship's unsinkability was ensured by dividing the hull into 12 compartments by waterproof bulkheads.
According to calculations, the ship should remain afloat when any three adjacent compartments are flooded, while the initial metacentric height and freeboard remain positive.

The anchoring device consisted of two Hall anchors and two high-strength anchor chains, with spacers (buttresses), chain stoppers, deck and anchor fairleads, and chain boxes under the forepeak platform. The anchor-mooring capstan is located in the bow and provided anchorage and etching of the anchor and anchor chain. The spire was controlled from the wheelhouse and from a local post.

Life-saving equipment included 1 six-oar yawl, 12 PSN-6 life rafts (for 6 people each), life buoys and individual life jackets.

The power plant is mechanical, three-shaft, with three M-504A diesel engines of 4,750 hp each. each, which worked through reverse gearboxes on three three-blade fixed-pitch propellers (FP). Diesel M-504A with a rotation speed of 1,950 rpm. and power take-off flange rotation speed 522 rpm. had a service life of 3,500 hours before the first complete overhaul and a weight of no more than 7.5 tons. The main engines are controlled from the control panel using an automated remote control system. The ship's full cruising speed under three diesel engines was 24.5 knots.

The AC electrical power system of 380 V, 50 Hz was powered by three DG-300 diesel generators with a power of 300 kW each. Electricity distribution was carried out through the main switchboard.

The ships' armament consisted of:

1. From 1 twin 57-mm universal turret gun mount AK-725 with a barrel length of 75 calibers. The gun mount was located in the stern of the ship. The turret is unarmored and made of 6 mm thick duralumin with an internal surface covered with polyurethane foam to prevent fogging. The rate of fire of the AU was 100 rounds per barrel, continuous cooling with sea water, unitary belt ammunition supply for 550 rounds per barrel in the turret space. The barrels were loaded automatically using recoil energy, and loaded into the receiver manually. The calculation included 2 people. Using an electric servo drive, the ESP-72 AU rotates left or right at an angle of up to 200° from the stowed position, and the vertical guidance angle ranged from -10° to +85°. The initial velocity of the projectile reached 1020 m/s, and the firing range at a sea or coastal target was up to 8.5 km using shipborne target detection equipment and the maximum ceiling was up to 6.5 km. The AU has a mass of 14.5 tons. The artillery mount is aimed automatically and semi-automatically using remote control. For automatic fire control of 57-mm artillery, a fire control system is installed combined with the MR-103 "Bars" radar, and for semi-automatic control - a remote control panel with a "Column" type ring sight.
2. From 1 twin 30-mm AK-230 assault rifle with a barrel length of 71.3 calibers, located on the tank. The installation was used to destroy boats, air and low-flying targets, as well as to destroy detected mines. The rate of fire of the installation was 1000 rounds/min. on the trunk. The vertical guidance angle is from -12 to +87°, and the horizontal guidance is up to 180°. The initial projectile speed is 1060 m/s, the firing range is up to 5 km. The machine guns are powered by a belt, each barrel contains 500 rounds of ammunition. Firing is carried out in bursts of up to 100 shots per barrel, after which cooling is required for 15-20 minutes. Shooting is allowed until the ammunition is used up (500 rounds) with breaks every 100 shots for 15-20 seconds. After this, the barrel needs to be replaced and the machine repaired. The crew of the gun included 2 people. The machines had a remote control system from a “Column” type sighting post. Installation weight 1,926 kg.
3. Of 2 pedestal quad launchers MTU-4US for the Strela-3 MANPADS, located sideways on the aft end of the bow superstructure. As soon as the head of the rocket leaves the launch tube, the rudders open under the action of springs. Then the stabilizers are folded back and the main engine fires at a distance of 5-6 m from the launcher. At the beginning of the operation of the main engine, under the influence of inertial forces, a special inertial stopper is turned off, which prepares the explosive device for arming. At a distance of 80-250 m from the launcher, the second stage of protection is activated - the pyrotechnic fuses completely burn out, and the preparation of the explosive device is completed. In flight, the homing head constantly controls the direction to the target: regardless of the position of the longitudinal axis of the missile, the head monitors the target and adjusts the missile's course until it meets the target. In case of a miss, after 14-17 seconds from the moment of launch, the self-destruct device is activated and the missile is destroyed. The speed of the 9K36 homing anti-aircraft missile is 670 m/s, the firing range is from 500 meters to 4.5 km, the ceiling is from 30 meters to 3 km with a target speed of up to 310 m/s. Control system: passive infrared homing head. The transfer time from traveling to combat position is no more than 10 s. Weight (complex): 16 kg.

The fire control system of the universal 57-mm artillery "Bars-1331" consisted of:

• From the “Bars” artillery fire control device (FACD), which included:
  • a central firing machine (calculating device), which, based on incoming data from the MP-103 "Bars" control radar, controlled 1 twin 57-mm caliber installation, issuing data for firing at air, surface and coastal targets, taking into account the movement of its ship.
• Anti-interference equipment.
• The target designation tool is the MP-302 Rubka general detection radar.
• After receiving target designation, the target was automatically taken for tracking by the MR-103 Bars firing radar.

The MP-103 "Bars" fire control radar is designed to control the fire of automatic gun mounts (AU) of 57 mm and 76 mm calibers. The station allows you to track surface, air and coastal targets and controls the firing of one universal 57-mm caliber gun. A radar with an antenna post automatically tracks a target at a range of up to 40 km without interference and 30 km if there is interference. The station has an azimuth viewing sector of 180°, and lighting of the situation and reflection of current information is carried out on a CRT indicator.

The ships were equipped with the MR-302 "Rubka" general detection radar, the "Don" navigation radar, state identification equipment, the MG-322 "Argun" underwater sonar, the MG-339 "Shelon" lowered sonar, and the ARP-50R radio direction finder.

The MP-302 Rubka general detection radar is designed to detect air, surface and coastal targets, as well as provide target designation to artillery and anti-aircraft missile weapons. The UHF station operated in active and passive modes. The antenna post located at the top of the foremast provided modes of active target detection ("A") and passive target detection ("P"). The radar is all-weather and can be operated in various climatic zones. In active mode, the detection range of a surface target was up to 25 km. In passive mode, the station provides detection of radiation from operating transmitters, depending on the altitude, frequency range and power of radio-electronic equipment up to 98 km. The station preparation time for operation was 6 minutes, and the continuous operation time was 24 hours.

The Don navigation radar of the 3-centimeter wave range was intended to illuminate the navigation situation and solve navigation problems and made it possible to determine the range to a cruiser-type target of up to 25 km and to an air target of up to 50 km in a circular view. The radar antenna post is located on the mast.

The state identification system is represented by the requester and the respondent. It allows identification of surface and air targets to determine their belonging to their armed forces. The antennas are located on the mast.

The lowered sonar MG-339 "Shelon" with an antenna located in the lifting-lowering device (LOD) was located in the aft superstructure and operated in echo and noise direction finding modes, providing search for an underwater target on the foot. The GAS descended to a depth of 100 meters and was capable of detecting a submarine traveling at a depth at a distance of 2 to 50 km. When a boat was detected on the foot at the point of the ship's anti-submarine patrol (KPSD), the ship at full speed with the MG-339 "Shelon" station raised, went to the rendezvous point with the boat, followed by searching for it and attacking it using the underbody sonar MG-322 "Argun" .

The under-keel sonar MG-322 "Argun" with an antenna located in the under-keel fairing operated only in echo direction finding mode at ship speeds of 14 and 25 knots. The station had a detection range for underwater targets from 2 to 10 km. The time to prepare the station for operation did not exceed 5 minutes, and the time of continuous operation was up to 4 days.

The lead MPK entered service with the GDR Navy in 1981.

A total of 16 small anti-submarine ships were built from 1981 to 1986.

Small anti-submarine ships of Project 1331M

The ships' armament consisted of:

1. From 1 single-barrel 76-mm universal turret gun mount AK-176 with a barrel length of 54 calibers. The gun mount was located at the stern. The tower has a lightweight version, made of aluminum-magnesium alloy Amr61, 4 mm thick, with streamlined rounded shapes. The rate of fire of the AU is 75 rounds with a break of 30 minutes, the barrel is cooled continuously with sea water, and the ammunition capacity includes 152 rounds. Loading of the barrel is automatic, continuous on both sides, clip-on. The feed system consists of a platform on which there are 2 horizontal conveyors with 2 clips of 76 shots each, 2 chain elevators with receivers and 2 pendulums driven by a common electric motor. Manual feeding is possible. The survivability of the barrel is 3000 shots. The calculation includes 2 people. Using a remote electric drive, the ESP-221 AU rotates to the left or right at an angle of up to 175° from the stowed position, and the vertical pointing angle ranges from -15° to +85°. The initial velocity of the projectile reaches up to 980 m/s, and the firing range at a sea or coastal target is up to 15 km using ship-based target detection equipment and the maximum ceiling is up to 8 km. The AU has a mass of 13.1 tons. Aiming of the gun mount is carried out automatically and semi-automatically using remote control and manually using the VD-221 backup sights located in the turret mount itself. To control the fire of 76-mm artillery, a control system was installed combined with the MR-123/176 Vympel-A radar.
2. From 1 six-barreled 30-mm AK-630M assault rifle with a 54-caliber long barrel, located in the bow of the ship. A turret-type artillery mount with a rotating block of barrels in a casing with a longitudinal piston bolt, which ensures forced firing of the shot and extraction of the cartridge case. The rate of fire of the installation is 4000-5000 rounds/min. The vertical guidance angle is from -12 to +88°, and the horizontal guidance is up to 180°. The initial projectile speed is 960 m/s, the firing range is up to 8.1 km. The machine is fed by a belt; the 2000-round belt is located in a round magazine. The crew of the gun includes 2 people. The weight of the installation is 1,918 kg. The machines have a remote control system from the MP-123/176 Vympel-A radar.
3. Of the 2 pedestal quad launchers MTU-4US for the Strela-3 MANPADS, they were located side by side on the aft sections of the bow superstructure. As soon as the head of the rocket leaves the launch tube, the rudders open under the action of springs. Then the stabilizers are folded back and the main engine fires at a distance of 5-6 m from the launcher. At the beginning of the operation of the main engine, under the influence of inertial forces, a special inertial stopper is turned off, which prepares the explosive device for arming. At a distance of 80-250 m from the launcher, the second stage of protection is activated - the pyrotechnic fuses completely burn out, and the preparation of the explosive device is completed. In flight, the homing head constantly controls the direction to the target: regardless of the position of the longitudinal axis of the missile, the head monitors the target and adjusts the missile's course until it meets the target. In case of a miss, after 14-17 seconds from the moment of launch, the self-destruct device is activated and the missile is destroyed. The speed of the 9K36 homing anti-aircraft missile is 670 m/s, the firing range is from 500 meters to 4.5 km, the ceiling is from 30 meters to 3 km with a target speed of up to 310 m/s. Control system: passive infrared homing head. The transfer time from traveling to combat position is no more than 10 s. Weight (complex): 16 kg.
4. Of 2 twin-pipe 533-mm rotary torpedo tubes DTA-53-1124 with a remote automatic device ATU-1 for inserting the current angle into the torpedoes. Before firing, torpedo tubes are rotated to a fixed angle of 27°. Tube devices provided a more favorable microclimate for SET-53M homing anti-submarine torpedoes. The torpedo has a warhead weight of 92 kg, a speed of 29 knots, a range of up to 14 km and can hit targets at depths from 20 to 200 meters. The active-passive acoustic homing system of the torpedo in active mode had a response radius for the submarine of 600 meters.
5. Of 2 rocket launchers RBU-6000 "Smerch-2" of 212 mm caliber with 12 barrels from the Burya PUSB, located in the bow of the hull. Firing was carried out with one or two installations, both single shots and volleys. The supply of RSL-60 depth charges was located in the cellar, and the barrel package was loaded using a remotely controlled device, into which bombs from the cellar were supplied by a special lift. After loading the last barrel, the RBU-6000 automatically switches to the guidance mode, and after all the bombs are used up, it goes back to the loading mode: the package of barrels is lowered to an angle of 90° and rotated to load the next stock along the heading angle. RBU-6000 receives target designation from the ship's MG-322 Argun sonar system. The RBU-6000 is aimed horizontally and vertically, and the driving devices are electric drives. The range of the installation is from 300 to 5800 meters, and the depth of destruction of the target is from 15 to 450 meters. The radius of destructive impact on a submarine is up to 7 meters. The rate of fire of the RBU-6000 is 2.4 rounds/min, and the diving speed is 11.6 m/s. The weight of the installation was 3.1 tons.
6. Of 2 stern bomb releasers and 12 depth charges BB-1. The total weight of the large depth charge was 165 kg, and the weight of TNT was 135 kg with a length of 712 mm and a diameter of 430 mm. The immersion speed reached 2.5 m/s, and the damage radius ranged from 8 to 20 meters. The bomb provided an explosion depth setting from 10 to 210 meters.
7. From 2 launchers of shot jammers (KL-101) of the PK-16 jammer complex of 82 mm caliber with a package of 16 guide tubes. Designed to set radar and thermal distracting and deceptive false targets to counter guided weapons with radar and thermal guidance (homing) systems. The shells are manually installed into the launcher guides and then the firing process occurs automatically or semi-automatically. The rate of fire was 2 salvos/s. for any given sequence of shells, the range for setting false radar targets is from 500 meters to 3.5 km, and for false thermal targets - from 2 to 3.5 km. The method of firing is automatic, remote, in volleys, and semi-automatic, remote, with single shots. Bringing a charged installation into combat readiness is carried out without personnel going to the upper deck and consists of setting the specified firing mode on the remote control and opening the front cover. Combat maintenance of a charged installation is carried out by one number. Type of jamming projectiles RUMM-82 (TSP-60). The mass of the unloaded launcher was 400 kg.

The fire control and control system for the universal 30-mm and 76-mm artillery "Vympel-A" consists of:

• From the artillery fire control device (AUAO) "Vympel-A" which includes:
  • central firing machine (calculating device), which, based on incoming data from the MP-123/176 Vympel-A control radar, controls 1 76-mm caliber installation and 1 30-mm caliber installation, simultaneously providing data for firing from taking into account the movement of his ship, and also enters corrections for mistakes during shooting.
• Equipment for selection of moving targets and noise protection.
• The target designation tool is the MP-352 Positive general detection radar.
• After receiving target designation, the target is automatically tracked by the MR-123/176 Vympel-A radar.

The MP-123/176 Vympel-A fire control radar is designed to control the fire of automatic gun mounts (AU) of 30 mm and 76 mm calibers. The station allows you to track surface, air and coastal targets and controls the firing of one universal 76-mm caliber gun and 1 30-mm caliber machine gun. The decimeter wave radar automatically tracks air targets at speeds of up to 600 m/s at a range of up to 40 km and in the presence of interference at a range of up to 30 km, and surface targets such as a torpedo boat up to 4 km.

The ships were equipped with the MR-352 "Positive" general detection radar, the "Don-2" navigation radar, the "Vympel-R2" electronic warfare radar, the "Nichrom" state identification equipment, the MG-335 "Platina" underbody sonar, the MG-349 "Ros" lowered sonar -K", infrared night vision equipment "Khmel-2", radio direction finder ARP-50R.

The MP-352 "Positive" general detection radar is designed to detect air, surface and coastal targets, as well as issue target designations to artillery weapons. The UHF station operated in active and passive modes. The antenna post in a radio-transparent radome was located at the top of the foremast and provided active target detection ("A") and passive detection ("P") modes for up to 8 targets. The radar is all-weather and can be operated in various climatic zones. In active mode, the target detection range was up to 45 km, and in passive mode up to 128 km. The station preparation time for operation was 3 minutes, the viewing area in azimuth was up to 360°, and in elevation up to 40°.

The Don-2 navigation radar of the 3-centimeter wave range was intended to illuminate the navigation situation and solve navigation problems. The all-round viewing station had an antenna post, which was located on the mast.

The electronic warfare (EW) radar "Vympel-R2" is designed to detect radiation from operating ship and aircraft radars, as well as missile homing heads (GOS) and create active interference for them. The complex has 2 radiation detection antenna posts located on the sides of the navigating bridge wings and 2 active counteraction antenna posts located on the sides of the mast.
The electronic warfare complex provides:

• automated reconnaissance and identification of radar emissions of various types;
• automated creation of active jamming and control of passive jamming;
• solving electronic warfare problems, coordinated with solving problems of air defense and missile defense fire systems of a surface ship.

The state identification system is represented by two RAS - the interrogator "Nickel" and the responder "Chrome". RAS "Nichrome" allows you to identify surface and air targets to determine their belonging to your armed forces. The antennas are located on the mast.

The under-keel sonar MG-335 "Platinum" with an antenna located in the under-keel fairing operated in echo and noise direction-finding modes. The guaranteed range for tracking underwater targets was 2 km, and the maximum possible tracking range (under normal hydrological conditions) was up to 15 km. The detection range in noise direction finding mode reached 4-6 km, and the detection range of mines and torpedoes was up to 3 km. The "dead zone" during operation was 1.5 - 2.0 km. The GAS was noise-resistant and could be used at high ship speeds. The time to prepare the station for operation did not exceed 5 minutes.

The lowered sonar MG-349 "Ros-K" was created specifically to search for enemy submarines under unfavorable hydroacoustic conditions; it was installed in the bow superstructure on the starboard side in a special container. The station had an original lifting and lowering device for the launcher, which ensured opening and closing, immersion in water, lifting and installation of the body of the lowered gas station in its normal place while the ship was moving.

Infrared night vision equipment "Khmel-2" made it possible to carry out covert communication in the dark, with the ships completely darkened, as well as to observe and find infrared lights. The continuous operation time of the device was 20 hours, the direction finding range was up to 3.7 km, and the distance determination was up to 750 meters. The system operated from a 27 V DC network.

The ARP-50R direction finder was intended to determine a location using radio beacons in the dark and in poor visibility. The antenna (frame) of the direction finder was located on the mast. The direction finder operated in the range of long and medium waves.

The ships were built at the Peenewerft plant in Wolgast, GDR.

The lead MPK-192 entered service with the Baltic Fleet in 1986.

A total of 12 small anti-submarine ships were built from 1986 to 1990.

Armament

Small anti-submarine ships of Project 1131M- Ships of this type are designed to search and destroy enemy submarines, guard warships and convoys in the coastal zone. Designed on the basis of the small anti-submarine ship Project 1124 "Albatross". Construction was intended for the Navy of the National People's Army of the GDR and the Warsaw Pact countries, as well as for sale for export.

History of creation

Developed by specialists from the Zelenodolsk shipyard in the German Democratic Republic (GDR). Captain 2nd Rank O.K. Korobkov was appointed as the main observer from the Navy for the project. The ships were developed on the basis of a small anti-submarine ship of Project 1124, built for their own Navy (Parchim type), by order of the USSR, for the countries of the Warsaw Pact Organization and for export. The lead MPK of Project 1131 entered service with the GDR Navy in 1981. In terms of their technical characteristics, they are inferior to the prototype (there is no Osa-M air defense system), but they are distinguished by exceptionally high quality construction.

Project 1131M is a modernized version with updated artillery, sonar and radio equipment. The lead MPK-192 of Project 1131M entered service with the Baltic Fleet in 1986.

Description of design

External view diagram of MPK project 1331M :

1 - 76-mm AU AK-176; 2 - 533-mm TA DTA-53-1331 M; 3 - AP radar SUAO "Vympel"; 4 - PU “Fasta-4M/2” MANPADS; 5 - PU COURSE SPPP PK-16; 6 - radome for AP radar "Positive"; 7 - AP station RTR "Bizan-4B"; 8 - AP radar "Don-2"; 9 - AP radio direction finder; 10 - sighting column of SUAO "Vympel"; 11 - navigation bridge; 12 - wheelhouse; 13 - RBU-6000; 14 - 30mm AU AK-630M; 15 - antenna radome of SJSC "Platina-MS", stations "Shtil-2" and KMG-12; 16 - life rafts PSN-6; 17 - lapport of the GAS “Ros-K” antenna; 18 - mine rails; 19 - six-oar yawl.

Frame

The ship's hull is steel, smooth-deck, with a sheer bow and a widened bow superstructure that occupies the entire width of the hull. The ship was built using a longitudinal casting system and had upper and lower decks, a platform, a hold and a second bottom. The bow and stern superstructures, internal enclosures and part of the foundations were made of aluminum-magnesium alloys to reduce displacement. The mast is represented by a four-legged foremast and a tower-like mainmast of square section made of light alloys.

The ships were equipped with year-round cooling and air conditioning systems in residential, service areas and combat posts, which made it possible to maintain normal temperature, humidity, cleanliness and air changeability in the ship's premises. The ships are also equipped with a space heating and ventilation system, emergency cooling systems for the main engines and sea water supply, utility steam pipeline systems and a fresh water system. The ships were distinguished by exceptionally good quality of construction, good quality and reliability of equipment.

The ship's unsinkability was ensured by dividing the hull into 12 compartments by waterproof bulkheads. According to calculations, the ship should remain afloat when any three adjacent compartments are flooded, while the initial metacentric height and freeboard remain positive.

Power plant and driving performance

The main power plant is mechanical, three-shaft, with three M-504A diesel engines of 4,750 hp each. each, which worked through reverse gearboxes on three three-blade fixed-pitch propellers (FP). Engine M-504A with a rotation speed of 1,950 rpm. and power take-off flange rotation speed 522 rpm. had a service life of 3,500 hours before the first complete overhaul and a weight of no more than 7.5 tons. The main engines are controlled from the control panel using an automated remote control system. The ship's full cruising speed under three diesel engines was 24.5 knots.

The AC electrical power system of 380 V, 50 Hz was powered by three DG-300 diesel generators with a power of 300 kW each. Electricity distribution was carried out through the main distribution board.

Armament

Artillery

At the stern there is 1 single-barrel 76-mm AK-176 artillery mount. Ammunition capacity is 152 rounds. Barrel life - 3000 shots. The crew consists of 2 people. The rate of fire of the gun is 30, 60 or 120 rounds per minute. The maximum number of shots in a continuous burst is 70, after which cooling is required for 25-30 minutes. The initial velocity of the projectile reaches 980 m/s, and the firing range is up to 15 km using ship-based target detection equipment and the maximum ceiling is up to 8 km. AC weight - 13.1 tons. The gun mount is aimed automatically and semi-automatically using remote control and manually using the VD-221 backup sights located in the turret mount itself. Fire control is carried out by the control system combined with the MR-123/176 Vympel-A radar.

In the bow of the ship there is 1 six-barreled 30-mm AK-630M assault rifle. Rate of fire - 4000-5000 rounds/min. The initial projectile speed is 960 m/s, the firing range is 8.1 km. The machine is fed by a belt; the 2000-round belt is located in a round magazine. The crew consists of 2 people. Installation weight - 1,918 kg. Fire control is also carried out by the control system from the MR-123/176 Vympel-A radar.

Anti-submarine and anti-mine weapons

Jet bomb launcher RBU-6000 "Smerch-2"

BB-1 depth charge

2 RBU-6000 Smerch-2 rocket launchers with 12 barrels are located in the bow of the hull. The unit's ammunition capacity is 48 RGB. Length - 2165 mm, width - 2000 mm, height - 2030 mm, weight - 3100 kg. RSL caliber - 212 mm, RSL barrel length - 1800 mm, RSL length - 1830 mm, RSL mass - 113 kg (119.5 kg according to other data) Explosive mass - 23.5 kg, range - 300-5800 m, destruction depth - 15-350 m (RGB-60), immersion speed - 11.6 m/s (RGB-60), rate of fire in a salvo - 2.4 rounds/s

At the stern there are 2 stern bomb releasers and 12 BB-1 depth charges. The weight of the bomb is 165 kg, the weight of TNT is 135 kg, the bomb sank at a speed of 2.3-2.5 m/s, the effective explosion radius is 5 m, the immersion depth of the bomb is 10-210 m.

Anti-aircraft missile

MANPADS "Strela-3"

2 MTU-4US launchers for the Strela-3 MANPADS were located side by side on the aft sections of the bow superstructure. The speed of the 9K36 missile is 670 m/s, the firing range is 500-4500 m, the ceiling is 30-3000 m with a target speed of up to 310 m/s. Control system: passive IR homing head. Complex weight: 16 kg.

Torpedo weapons

A practical anti-submarine torpedo is fired from the DTA-53-1124 torpedo tube.

The torpedo armament consists of 2 two-pipe 533-mm rotary torpedo tubes DTA-53-1124, equipped with an automatic device ATU-1 for inserting the current angle into the torpedoes. SET-53M homing anti-submarine torpedoes are used for firing. The weight of the torpedo warhead is 92 kg, the speed is 29 knots, the range is 14 km, the depth of destruction of the target is 20-200 meters. The active-passive acoustic homing system of the torpedo in active mode had a response radius for the submarine of 600 meters.

Radar weapons

Project 1331M ships are equipped with the MP-352 Positive air target detection radar. The radar carries out the following tasks:

• illumination of the air and surface situation in the interests of the effective use of fire weapons;
• determining the threat level of targets;
• issuing target designation to weapons.

Main characteristics: Viewing area: range - 128 km, elevation angle - 40 degrees. Weight - 3.5 t

The MR-123 Vympel fire control radar provides guidance and tracking of AK-176 and AK-630M artillery mounts to air, surface and ground targets at a range of up to 5000 m. The firing launcher is equipped with a TV sight. The system provides a backup fire control post in the form of a sighting column with a collimator sight. Target detection range with a TV sight: - 75 km (sea target like boat pr.205) - 7 km (air target like MiG-19)

Electronic weapons

The electronic warfare (EW) radar "Vympel-R2" is designed to detect radiation from operating ship and aircraft radars, as well as missile homing heads (GOS) and create active interference for them. 2 radiation detection antenna posts located on the sides of the navigating bridge wings and 2 active counteraction antenna posts located on the sides of the mast. Electronic warfare provides:

• automated reconnaissance and identification of radar emissions of various types;
• automated creation of active jamming and control of passive jamming;
• solving electronic warfare problems, coordinated with solving problems of air defense and missile defense fire systems of a surface ship.

Built ships

Literature and sources of information

• https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CC%E0%EB%FB%E5_%EF%F0%EE%F2%E8%E2%EE%EB%EE%E4%EE%F7%ED%FB %E5_%EA%EE%F0%E0%E1%EB%E8_%EF%F0%EE%E5%EA%F2%E0_1331-%CC

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