Appointment and device of the gas station. Types and characteristics of gas stations

Introduction………………………………………………………………..page 2.

General provision…………………………………………………………….page 3.

Types of filling stations……………………………………………………………… page 4.

Scheme of the master plan of gas stations………………………………………….page 6.

Territory of the gas station……………………………………………………….page 7.

Appointment of gas stations……………………………………………………….page 10.

Underground storage tanks for petroleum products…………….page 11.

Gas station operation…………………………………………………….page 15.

Gasoline complexes and stations…………………………….page 16.

Provision of related services at filling stations ………………………………page 24.

Conclusion…………………………………………………………….page 25.

References…………………………………………………… page 26.

INTRODUCTION

A few years ago, the trade in fuels and lubricants (POL) was widespread in the sphere of a rather narrow circle of enterprises and organizations. However, at present, due to its almost 100% liquidity and high profitability, this type of entrepreneurial activity has become one of the most popular. Many enterprises and organizations that have never been involved in the trade of fuels and lubricants have become involved in this process. Therefore, many organizations have questions related to the peculiarities of legal regulation and taxation of activities for the production and sale of fuels and lubricants.

General position

1.1. Filling stations (gas stations) are designed to refuel vehicles (except tracked vehicles) with petroleum products.
Some gas stations organize the sale of oils, greases, spare parts, accessories for cars and other vehicles, the reception of used oils and small containers from oil products from owners of individual vehicles, as well as maintenance and car washing.
1.2. Gas stations are divided into stationary, mobile (PAZS), container (KAZS and block points).
Stationary gas stations are located in cities and towns, as well as on highways.
Modular filling stations, the technological system of which is intended for filling vehicles with liquid motor fuel only and is characterized by an above-ground arrangement of tanks and separation of the fuel dispenser and fuel storage container.
Mobile gas stations (PAZS) are placed in places of concentration of vehicles, motor boats and boats, agricultural machinery, in the field, naturist auto routes, the territory of stationary gas stations during the cleaning and repair of tanks. They are mounted on the chassis of cars and trailers.
Block filling stations, the technological system of which is intended for filling vehicles only with liquid motor fuel and is characterized by an underground location of tanks and placement of the fuel dispenser above the fuel storage unit.
Container filling stations are located on motorways, tourist routes, car fleets, industrial and agricultural enterprises, paid parking lots, garage cooperatives, as well as in places where vehicles are concentrated.

Types of filling stations

Block filling station– A filling station, the technological system of which is designed for filling vehicles with liquid motor fuel only and is characterized by an underground location of tanks and placement of a fuel dispenser above a fuel storage unit, made as a single factory product.

Modular petrol station- A filling station, the technological system of which is designed for filling vehicles with liquid motor fuel only and is characterized by an above-ground arrangement of tanks and the separation of the fuel dispenser and the fuel storage container, made as a single factory product.

Container filling station- filling station, the technological system of which is designed for filling vehicles with liquid motor fuel only and is characterized by an above-ground location of tanks and placement of fuel dispensers in a fuel storage container, made as a single factory product.

Mobile filling station for liquid motor fuel(PAZS) - a filling station intended for the retail sale of liquid motor fuel only, the technological system of which is installed on an automobile chassis, trailer or semi-trailer and is made as a single factory product.

Automotive gas filling compressor station(CNG filling station) - a filling station, the technological system of which is intended only for filling cylinders of the fuel system of trucks, special and light vehicles with compressed natural gas (hereinafter referred to as LPG).

Car gas filling station(AGZS) - a gas station, the technological system of which is intended only for filling cylinders of the fuel system of trucks, special and passenger vehicles with liquefied petroleum gas.

Mobile gas filling station(PAGZS) - a gas station, the technological system of which is characterized by the presence of a combined block for the transportation and storage of liquefied hydrocarbon gas, made as a single factory product, and a design that does not provide for filling the tanks of this block with fuel on the territory of the gas filling station.

Mobile gas filling station- A filling station, the technological system of which is intended only for filling cylinders of the fuel system of trucks, special and light vehicles with compressed natural gas, is characterized by the presence of a combined block for the transportation and storage of compressed natural gas, made as a single factory product, and a design that does not provide for filling the vessels of this block fuel at the gas station.

Multi-fuel filling station– Filling station, on the territory of which the refueling of vehicles with two or three types of fuel is provided, among which liquid motor fuel (gasoline and diesel fuel), liquefied hydrocarbon gas (liquefied propane-butane) and compressed natural gas are allowed

Delivery of petroleum products to gas stations can be carried out by road, rail, pipeline or water transport.

Bulk petroleum products are released into the tanks of motor vehicles and containers of consumers exclusively through fuel and oil dispensers.

SCHEME OF THE MASTER PLAN FOR FUEL STATIONS

Gas station territory

The location of the gas station is indicated by the road sign "Gas Station". The roadway of the territory of the gas station must have a hard surface and be in good condition, provide free access for vehicles to each fuel dispenser, drain devices, fire reservoirs, places for unloading container cargo.

The territory of the gas station is equipped with a sewer system that provides for the removal and collection of storm and melt water contaminated with oil products from the surface of the roadway, and the localization of spills during the discharge and release of oil products.

On the territory of the gas station, places for collecting materials used in the elimination of the consequences of an oil spill are allocated and equipped, as well as places are allocated for the installation of garbage bins.

In winter, the passages and driveways on the territory of the gas station are regularly cleared of snow and ice.

During the performance of repair work on the territory of the gas station, pits, pits, trenches must be securely fenced. Upon completion of the repair work, the coverage of the territory must be restored.

When performing repair work on the territory of gas stations in pits, pits, trenches, the state of the air environment in them is monitored.

In case of detection of vapors of oil products, work must be stopped until the pit is completely degassed and the state of the air environment in it is analyzed.

In the case of fencing the territory of the gas station, the enclosing structures must be ventilated and made of non-combustible materials.

Landscaping of the territory of the gas station with coniferous trees, trees, shrubs and grasses that emit fibrous substances or pubescent seeds is not allowed. On the territory of the gas station, constant mowing and removal of dried grass, cutting down the overgrowth of trees and shrubs, collection and removal of fallen leaves should be ensured.

The territory of the gas station at night should have an average horizontal illumination in accordance with building codes and regulations.

It is prohibited to carry out any kind of repair work of vehicles on the territory of the gas station, unless it is provided for by the project.
On the territory of the gas station, the arrangement of underground premises, underground spaces under buildings and structures, as well as underground structures (tunnels, channels, etc.) is prohibited. Pits for fuel dispensers, cable wells, technological wells must be covered with non-combustible material.

Parking of vehicles on the territory of the gas station is prohibited, except for parking lots and parking lots specified by the project.

This complex, like other objects of the network, resembles a cross between an airplane and an airport. The filling station is located at km 33 of the Srednevyborgskoye Highway, at the intersection with the road to the village of Elizavetinka, and is operated by Faeton - Fuel Network No. 1 LLC.

There is a car wash at the station. High-speed equipment of the German company Christ works in several modes and allows you to wash and polish to a shine not only the body, but also the rims of the car, which is a unique service in St. Petersburg. And what is especially valuable - with a minimum of time to bring the car in order. Just a few minutes, and the car shines with cleanliness, the company notes.

This automatic car wash is equipped with Christ portals (series 166) - this is the latest high-pressure touchless washing equipment, which significantly reduces the consumption of water and detergents. The car wash uses 90% of recycled water and high-quality systems of local treatment facilities, which makes it possible not to harm the environment and take care of the environment.

Appointment of the gas station

General ideas about gas stations

The main purpose of gas stations is to refuel motor vehicles. The location of the gas station and its production capacity, taking into account the intensity of traffic flows and compliance with the required safety standards - fire, environmental, etc.

Gas station sites should be with asphalt or concrete pavement and provide free access for vehicles to dispensers and drains. In places where oil products may spill near filling islands, the coating must be resistant to oil products.

Gas stations must be equipped with signs indicating the location of a fire reservoir, water intake wells or a fire hydrant, and markers at gas stations with awnings. The territory in the dark must be lit in accordance with existing standards. Special lighting should be given to the lighting of places for refueling and draining oil products. Gas stations must have a landline phone.

Storage of petroleum products at gas stations is carried out in metal horizontal above-ground or buried tanks.

Underground storage tanks for petroleum products;

1 - drain device; 2 – tank for fuel; 3 - receiving valve; 4 - corner anti-explosive; 5 - measuring device; 6 - respiratory valve; 7 - fuel dispenser

1 - trunk; 2 - head; 3 - submersible pump; 4 - breathing valve with a fire fuse; 5 - thermal insulation backfill; 6 - ice lining

A schematic diagram of a stationary filling station is shown in fig. 14.16. The oil product delivered to the gas station using tank trucks is drained through device 1 into fuel tank 2. Here it settles, its quantity is measured through device 5. The oil product is released to consumers using a fuel dispenser 7 connected to the tank by a pipeline on which valve 3, and an angular fuse 4. "Breathing" of the tanks is carried out through valve 6.

Quick and tight connection of the nipple with the sleeve of the tanker is provided by a special quick coupling.
Petroleum products are stored at gas stations in horizontal and vertical steel tanks with a capacity of 5 to 50 m3 and a wall thickness of 3…4 mm. Tanks at filling stations are usually distributed as follows: 75% for gasoline, 15% for diesel fuel and up to 10% for oils.
Gas station tanks are designed for overpressure of 700000 and vacuum - 1000 Pa.
Measuring device 5 is used to measure the level of overflow of oil in the tank. It provides the vertical direction of the measuring rail (meter rod). Structurally, the measuring device is a perforated pipe with a diameter of 40 mm with a lid.
To connect the dispensers to the tanks, a suction device is used, consisting of a receiving valve 3, an angle fuse 4 and a suction pipeline.
The purpose of the intake valve 3 is to prevent the discharge of oil from the suction pipeline into the tank after the dispensing column is turned off. When the pump stops, the pressure in the pipeline and in the tank equalizes and the valve disc, under the action of its own weight, sits on the seat, blocking the cross section.
Corner protector 4 prevents the flame from spreading through the suction pipe. To do this, a brass mesh is installed inside the metal case, which simultaneously acts as a filter for the oil product pumped out of the tank.

Fuel - dispensers are designed for refueling vehicles with simultaneous measurement of the amount of fuel or oil dispensed.
Despite the differences in the designs of dispensers, they all include a pump, a liquid meter, a filter, a dispensing sleeve and a dispensing tap.
The pump of the fuel dispenser is intended for pumping fuel from the gas station tank into the tanks of vehicles. Since the tank is below the column, the pump is self-priming. The capacity of fuel dispenser pumps ranges from 20 to 70 l/min.

The liquid meter is used to measure the consumption of fuel or oil supplied to consumers. The results of instantaneous measurements are summed up and recorded on the counting device as the total amount of dispensed liquid.
The filter is used to remove mechanical impurities from the liquid entering the column.
The dispensing sleeve is intended for pumping liquid and connecting the dispenser with a dispensing tap. In dispensing columns, rubber-fabric petrol-resistant sleeves with a diameter of 25 mm for a pressure of 0.4 MPa are used.
The dispensing tap is used to quickly cut off the fuel jet when it reaches the maximum level in the car tank, in order to prevent overfilling and related losses.

The tank equipment and its placement should ensure that all necessary technological operations are performed:

Reception (discharge) of oil products is provided by a drain device;

The release of oil products is provided by a dispensing device;

cleaning inside the tank is carried out through a special manhole, which can be made on the cover of the technological neck or separately.

Conventional gas stations have 3-4 types of gasoline and diesel fuel in their set. At the same time, there are several options for filling stations at gas stations: according to the principle, one column - one type of fuel, one point - all types of gasoline and diesel fuel, a mixed option (especially in the presence of gas filling stations). The first option involves driving a car to a strictly defined column, which is not very convenient, because. makes. Therefore, at modern gas stations there is a tendency to the second type.

AGZS are gas filling stations. Usually they are part of gas stations, but due to the special requirements for the refueling process, they are located away from gas stations. Today, with the rise in gasoline prices, the demand for gas filling stations is also growing.

KAFS - a container filling station or a filling station of a modular (container) type. Such a mini-gas station is designed for receiving, storing and dispensing one or two types of fuel in the territory of settlements. Gas stations have an above-ground fuel storage tank. Its technological system is characterized by the placement of gas stations (fuel dispensers) in a single unit with a fuel storage container. Convenient for quick deployment of filling stations

MTAZS is a multi-fuel filling station. Allows you to simultaneously sell two types of fuel (liquid motor fuel and liquefied hydrocarbon gas). There are still few such gas stations, but the fashion for gas equipment should do its job - MTAZS will become a common type of gas station.

Diesel fuel is a liquid product used as a fuel in a diesel internal combustion engine, as well as in gas diesel engines. Usually, this term is understood as fuel obtained from kerosene-gas oil fractions of direct distillation of oil.

Benzine is a combustible mixture of light hydrocarbons with a boiling point of 30 to 200 °C.

Propane, C3H8 is an organic substance of the alkane class. Contained in natural gas, formed during the cracking of petroleum products.

Butane (C4H10) is an organic compound of the alkane class. In chemistry, the name is used primarily to refer to butane. The mixture of butane and its isomer isobutane CH(CH3)3 has the same name. Poisonous, inhalation of butane causes dysfunction of the pulmonary-respiratory apparatus.

Fuel dispensers

Filling stations use fuel, oil and mixture dispensers designed to refuel vehicles with simultaneous measurement of the amount of fuel, oil or mixture dispensed. The dispensers as strict metering devices are equipped with measuring devices, the reading error of which under operating conditions at an ambient and fuel temperature of + -40С should not go beyond: + -0.25% of fuel dispensers for general use.

Design software distinguishes the following types of speakers:

· KR - portable with the manual drive;

·КЭР - stationary with the electric drive;

· KEM - stationary with electric drive and control from a local setting device;

· КА - stationary with the electric drive, automated.

Fuel dispensers, regardless of design and manufacturer, have a pump, a liquid meter, a counting device, a gas separator with a float chamber, a filter, an indicator, a dispensing valve, a check valve and a housing.

Filling station operation

environmental protection

The source of environmental pollution at gas stations is the evaporation of oil products, spills of oil products, as well as exhaust gases from motor vehicles.

On the territory of the gas station, it is necessary to periodically check the gas contamination of the surrounding air.

Discharge of untreated sewage into water bodies is strictly prohibited.

The change of filter materials, as well as the removal of trapped oil products and sediment from treatment facilities, must be carried out as necessary.

It is necessary to systematically monitor the cleanliness of sewer wells, prevent flooding of their outlets, at least 2 times a year to clean and conduct an internal inspection of the existing equipment of the sewer network, wells and necessary repairs.

Filling complexes and stations

1. The requirements of this chapter apply to filling complexes (hereinafter referred to as filling stations) and filling stations (hereinafter referred to as filling stations) intended for refueling ground vehicles with gasoline and diesel fuel during their commissioning, operation, maintenance and repair work.

2. In order to monitor compliance with fire safety requirements, inspect filling stations (gas stations), promptly obtain reference and technical information necessary for operation, the following documentation must be available at filling stations (gas stations):

o a copy of the approved in the established order the general plan of the filling stations (gas stations), containing the layout of objects on its territory, indicating the distances between them and to the objects closest to the filling stations (gas stations), as well as the scheme of movement of vehicles on the specified territory;

o certificates for existing equipment;

o technical and operational documentation (hereinafter - TED) for technological systems and equipment of gas stations, approved and agreed upon in the prescribed manner;

o a plan for the localization and elimination of fire hazardous situations and fires at filling stations (gas stations), agreed with the State Fire Service;

o a plan-scheme of the nearest water sources, indicating the distances to them and the flow rate of water sources;

o a plan for the evacuation of people and vehicles from the territory of the gas station (gas station), agreed with the State Fire Service;

o documents defining the responsibility for ensuring fire safety during the operation of filling stations (gas stations);

o instructions that define the requirements for ensuring fire safety during the operation and maintenance of filling stations (gas stations), developed on the basis of the Manual for the operation of technological systems and equipment of filling stations (gas stations), which is part of the TED;

o the job description of the security guard of the gas station (gas station) (if the security of the gas station or gas station is provided), developed taking into account the fire safety requirements for gas stations (gas stations);

o schedule for routine maintenance;

o logbook of routine maintenance;

o register of maintenance and repair work carried out on the lightning protection systems of filling stations (gas stations);

o register of petroleum products;

o equipment repair register;

o a log of registration of primary and repeated briefings at the workplace on labor safety, industrial sanitation and fire safety;

o duty or shift (when organizing shift work of filling stations or gas stations) magazine;

o other documents that, in the opinion of the head (owner) of the filling station (gas station), are necessary for safe operation.

3. Cleaning and pre-repair preparation of equipment that handled fuel or its vapors (tanks, tanks, pipelines, etc.) must be carried out by employees of filling stations (gas stations) who have undergone special training, or specialized organizations licensed for this type of activity .

4. Technological equipment intended for the use of flammable and explosive substances and materials must comply with the TED, technical specifications (hereinafter - TS) and design documentation, agreed and approved in the prescribed manner.
The fuel filling station (hereinafter - TZS) as an assembly must be tested at the factory for tightness by a pressure exceeding the pressure of the corresponding periodic tests (pressure values of periodic tests should be given in the TED for TZS) by at least 20%, as well as for the operation of its systems emergency protection with the execution of relevant acts, which are a mandatory annex to the TED.

5. Technological equipment must have serviceable systems for the prevention, localization and elimination of fire hazardous situations and fires, control and regulation devices that ensure fire safety of the process.
It is forbidden to perform technological operations on the equipment in the absence of the specified systems and devices provided for by the TED and TS for this equipment, their shutdown or overdue dates for their verification.

6. On the control panels of systems for the prevention, localization and elimination of fire hazardous situations and fires, control and regulation devices, the permissible ranges of parameters (pressure, temperature, concentration, filling level, etc.) must be indicated that ensure the fire-safe operation of process equipment.
If at least one parameter deviates from the permissible limits, these systems must give warning and alarm signals (sound and light), and when the maximum permissible values are reached, they must exclude further changes in parameters that could lead to fire hazards or a fire.

7. Technological equipment must be sealed. It is forbidden to operate process equipment in the presence of fuel leaks. If leaks are found, corrective action must be taken immediately. It is forbidden to perform technological operations with faulty equipment, as well as to make structural changes that increase the fire hazard level of filling stations (gas stations).

8. The degree of filling of tanks with fuel should not exceed 95% of their internal geometric volume.

9. Stationary automatic gas detectors of pre-explosive concentrations (for those gas stations where they are provided for by fire safety standards) must be in working order, have a function of self-checking serviceability and be verified in accordance with the technical specifications or their operation manual. In the absence of stationary gas detectors, it is necessary to periodically, in accordance with the schedule, analyze the air environment with portable gas detectors in order to determine the presence of an explosive concentration of oil vapors in closed spaces of technological systems in which the presence of fuel vapors is not allowed.

10. Main and auxiliary technological equipment must be protected from static electricity.

11. Cleaning of the internal surfaces of apparatuses and pipelines must be carried out in a fireproof manner according to the schedule.

12. Simultaneous storage of gasoline and diesel fuel is allowed in a multi-chamber tank if this is provided for by the technical specifications and technical specifications for the technological system.

13. In the case of double-walled tanks with filling of the interwall space with nitrogen, this interstitial space must be purged with nitrogen until the oxygen concentration in the gas-air medium reaches no more than 10% (vol.).
In order to ensure fire safety, when conducting pneumatic tests for tightness of the equipment of technological systems of filling stations (inter-wall space of the tank, internal space of the tank, pipelines, etc.), it is necessary to use an inert gas (nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc.). In the event of a leak in the equipment, the operation of the gas station should be immediately suspended until the malfunction is completely eliminated.
Filling station employees who conduct pneumatic tests for equipment tightness must have a certificate for the right to independently work on the transportation and maintenance of vessels (cylinders) operating under pressure.

14. Work in areas where the formation of combustible vapor-air mixtures is possible should be carried out with a spark-proof tool and in clothes and shoes that are not capable of causing a spark, on specially designated areas.

15. Repair and maintenance work inside the tanks can be carried out only on condition that the concentration of fuel vapors does not exceed 20% LEL, and continuous monitoring of the gaseous environment.

16. Transportation, installation, movement on the site, repair work of used tanks is allowed only with tanks emptied, steamed with water vapor and (or) washed with warm water (aqueous solutions of fireproof technical detergents) and purged with inert gas, as well as checked for the presence of fuel vapors using gas detectors.

17. During the operation of gas stations, complete emptying of tanks with gasoline is not allowed (that is, it is necessary that the tank contains at least 5% of the nominal filling level of the tank with gasoline), except when emptying is carried out to clean the tanks, check the condition of their internal walls, performing repairs, changing the type of fuel storage, etc.

18. The process of desliming above-ground tanks (removal of bottom water and solid particles) for storing gasoline should be carried out at an ambient temperature of at least 0 C, with the mandatory presence of gasoline in the tank in an amount of at least 20% of the maximum allowable.

19. The operation of desliming tanks of all types must be carried out in a closed way using either specially designed equipment for this purpose, approved for use on the territory of the Russian Federation and having the appropriate certificate, or with a hand pump made of non-sparking materials and designed to work with gasoline and diesel fuel. When using hand pumps, the sludge must be drained only into a closed container with the minimum possible open surface area of the liquid. The sludge tank must be installed on a pallet in the area adjacent to the tank and grounded. When desliming, all hatches and fittings that are not related to this operation must be closed. In the case of multi-chamber tanks, desliming is carried out separately for each chamber.
After the end of desliming, the sludge must be immediately removed from the territory of the filling station (gas station). Storage of a container with sludge on the territory of a filling station (gas station) is not allowed.

20. It is not allowed to remove the flame arrester or the breathing valve equipped with it at the outlet of the deaeration system pipeline without hermetically closing this pipeline with shutoff valves. The type of flame arrester must correspond to the conditions of its normal functioning in the climatic conditions of the area of operation.

21. If the design of the technological system has a line for recirculation of fuel vapors from the fuel tank of the vehicle to the tank, shutting off the deaeration pipeline of the tank for recirculation of fuel vapors is not allowed.

22. Maintenance of filling station (gas station) equipment, routine maintenance, metrological testing of instrumentation and safety equipment must be carried out in strict accordance with the schedule of these works. The performance of any routine maintenance not specified in the TED for technological equipment is not allowed. Such work should be carried out in repair shops.

23. For carrying out repair work on the territory, in buildings, structures, premises, technological systems of filling stations (gas stations), the head of the facility must issue a work permit.

24. Changing the type of fuel (gasoline-diesel fuel) in the tanks (chambers) of the gas station should be preceded by their complete cleaning from the previous product and a corresponding change in the inscription indicating the type of stored fuel on the body of the ground tank or in prominent places of the pipelines for loading underground tanks - at the coupling for connection of the pressure-suction hose of a tank truck (hereinafter referred to as AC).

25. Filling the tanks with fuel should be done only in a closed way. The release of fuel vapors into the surrounding space, in addition to the deaeration pipelines of tanks (chambers) or through the AC breathing valve, must be excluded.

26. Before filling the tank (chamber) with fuel from the AC, it is necessary to measure the fuel level in the tank (chamber) and make sure that the emergency response systems are working. The process of filling the tank must be controlled by the employees of the gas station and the driver of the AC.

27. When staying on the territory of the filling station (gas station) of the AC, the presence of vehicles, unauthorized persons and other ACs in this territory is not allowed.
At gas stations with underground tanks and fuel dispensers (hereinafter referred to as fuel dispensers) separated from them, it is allowed to carry out operations for refueling vehicles from tanks that are not filled with fuel from the AC, provided that one AC equipped with a bottom valve is used. In this case, a separate passage for the AC through the territory of the filling station (gas station) should be provided.

28. Operations for filling the tanks of filling stations from the AC, not equipped with a bottom valve, should be carried out in the following sequence:

o install two mobile air-foam fire extinguishers with a volume of at least 100 liters each at the filling site for the AC and put on alert;

o close the tray for removing atmospheric precipitation contaminated with oil products from the filling site for the AC and open the pipeline for draining fuel spills to the emergency tank;

o install the AC on the filling site, ground the AC and start filling the filling station tanks with fuel.

29. AC during the drain must be connected to a grounding device. A flexible grounding conductor must be permanently attached to the AC body and have a clamp or a bolt lug at the end for connection to a grounding device.
If there is an inventory conductor, grounding must be carried out in the following order: the grounding conductor is first connected to the tank body, and then to the grounding device. It is not allowed to connect grounding conductors to painted and contaminated metal parts of AC. Each tank car of the road train must be grounded separately, until the oil product is completely drained from it.

30. When refueling vehicles at gas stations, the following rules must be observed:

o motorcycles and scooters should be delivered to the fuel dispenser with their engines turned off, which are started and stopped at a distance of at least 15 m from the dispensers, cars - under their own power;

o parts of cars, motorcycles and motor scooters contaminated with oil products must be wiped dry before starting the engines;

o Oil products accidentally spilled on the ground must be covered with sand, and impregnated sand and oiled cleaning materials should be collected in metal boxes with tight-fitting lids in a spark-proof design and removed from the gas station at the end of the working day;

o the distance between the car standing under the gas station and the cars following it in the queue must be at least 1 m; at the same time, each vehicle must be able to maneuver and leave the territory of the filling station, for which purpose distinctive markings or other visual indicators must be applied to the road surface.

31. At gas stations it is prohibited:

o refueling vehicles with running engines;

o the passage of vehicles over underground reservoirs, if this is not provided for in the technical specifications and technical specifications for the applied technological system, agreed and approved in the prescribed manner;

o filling tanks with fuel and dispensing fuel to consumers during thunderstorms and during the risk of atmospheric discharges;

o work in clothes and shoes contaminated with fuel and capable of causing a spark;

o refueling vehicles with passengers (except for cars with at least four doors);

o refueling of vehicles loaded with dangerous goods of classes 1–9 (explosives, compressed and liquefied combustible gases, flammable liquids and materials, poisonous and radioactive substances, etc.), except for fueling stations specially provided for this;

o entry of tractors that are not equipped with spark arresters into the territory of gas stations where operations are carried out for receiving, storing or dispensing gasoline;

o carrying out repair work not directly related to the repair of equipment, buildings and structures of gas stations.

32. Cars waiting in line for refueling must be located on a special backwater site, marked with an index sign and located at the entrance to the territory of filling islands of gas stations, outside the area of fuel tanks and dispensers.

33. Technological equipment at petrol stations must be kept in good condition.
Covers and plugs of flanges, branch pipes, fittings and the like, which separate fuel and its vapors from the atmosphere, must be equipped in places of contact with fittings with non-sparking gaskets made of materials resistant to oil products and the environment, and hermetically sealed. The specified covers and plugs, which are supposed to be opened during the operation of the filling station, must be of intrinsically safe design.
It is forbidden to operate the fuel dispenser in the presence of oil product leaks.

34. Mobile filling stations (hereinafter referred to as PAZS) should be placed on specially designated sites, the locations of which must be agreed with the State Fire Service

2. PROVISION OF RELATED SERVICES AT PETROL STATIONS

On the territory of gas stations, buildings and facilities for industrial purposes for service maintenance of vehicles (posts for maintenance and car washing) can be located on separate areas. Vehicle maintenance facilities include:

Maintenance points (designed to perform current repairs of vehicles);

Rooms for battery work;

Blocks for washing vehicles;

Fuel dispenser;

Oil warehouse;

Premises (platforms) for parking vehicles in daily operation;

Premises (platforms) for parking of mobile service facilities;

Tire inflation point;

Objects of water, heat and power supply;

Domestic premises.

The relations that arise between the gas station and the client when providing services for the maintenance of vehicles are governed by the Rules for the provision of services (performance of work) for the maintenance and repair of motor vehicles, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 11, 2001 N 290 (hereinafter referred to as the Rules for the provision of services for maintenance).

The provision of related services is carried out by the gas station (executor) on the basis of an agreement concluded with the client (consumer).

Conclusion

In conclusion, I would like to point out that in our time, fuels and lubricants are used in almost all sectors of the national economy, by enterprises of all forms of ownership. Accounting and taxation of the purchase and use of gasoline and other fuels and lubricants cause certain difficulties in the enterprise, primarily associated with a significant amount of primary documentation.

However, in order to ensure that during a possible tax audit in an organization there are no problems with the tax authorities regarding the correct reflection of the sale of fuels and lubricants or their purchase and use in their activities, the author recommends paying special attention to the correctness and clarity of execution of primary documents related to production (use) of petroleum products.

Bibliography.

V. A. Bondar - Operations with petroleum products.

V.G. Verevkin - Reference Informational Handbook.

E. I. Zorya - Operations with petroleum products.

Car filling stations are classified according to various criteria.

By design:

· stationary;

container (KAZS);

mobile (PASS).

By function:

· common use;

Departmental.

According to the way of placement of tanks:

with an underground location;

with ground location;

with the location on the vehicle.

According to the normative parameters of standard projects:

by the number of filling stations;

by the number of refueling during peak hours;

by the number of refueling cars per day;

by the total capacity of the tanks.

Stationary gas stations can provide refueling up to 1500 cars per day. By capacity, they are calculated for 200, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 car fillings per day, by the number of fillings during peak hours - 57, 100, 135, 170 cars per hour, other capacities are possible (Table 1.1). The most common types are filling stations with 500-750 fillings per day.

Filling stations for 250 filling stations are being built in densely populated areas of large cities and in rural areas; for 1000-1500 fillings per day - at points of heavy traffic on highways.

By type of location on the ground, gas stations are:

road;

city;

· rural;

river.

Road gas stations located near highways. They must provide refueling vehicles with fuel, compressed air and water. The capacity of road stations depends on the intensity of vehicles on the road and can reach 1000-1500 gas stations per day.

City gas stations are located in cities outside the central part (residential development) and are designed for refueling of all types of cars and motorcycles. The capacity of urban stations is 250-1000 gas stations per day, and the stations of the "sidewalk type" - 150-250 gas stations per day in the central areas of the city for personal cars.

Rural gas stations provide refueling of vehicles of agricultural enterprises and organizations of regional centers with all types of fuels and lubricants.

River gas stations carry out refueling of water small vessels - boats, motor boats, etc.

Stationary gas stations are built according to standard designs with mass-produced technological systems for receiving, storing and refueling, agreed with the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia. Non-serial technological systems are allowed, the documentation of which is consistent with the territorial divisions of the Fire Service.

STATIONARY FUEL STATIONS

1.1.1. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS

They are capital structures, including buildings, fuel dispensers, tanks, process pipelines, treatment facilities and various process support systems. A variant of gas station structures is shown in fig. 1.1.

Mounted group includes filling islands, informational column lamps, a facing set for the colonnade and a hinged part, a light frieze in the Customer’s corporate color scheme, a three-dimensional illuminated sign of the Customer, lighting fixtures, a transitional dome between the building and the hinged group.

Rice. 1.1. The composition of the gas station facilities:

a) 1 - hinged group; 2 - production block of the building; 3 - service block of the building;

b) 1 - hinged group; 2 - module of the building of full factory readiness

Filling islands are made of polished or brushed stainless steel and are used as dispenser bases, column supports, steles and service stations to protect them from vehicle damage.

Gas station building consists of one factory-ready module or production and service units. The production block includes a central entrance, an operator's work area, an electrical panel room, a pantry, a service exit, a locksmith's room, an administrator's room, a service bathroom, a visitor's bathroom and a security room. The service block is intended for service.

The gas station building is equipped with air conditioning systems, a thermal curtain of the central vestibule, television surveillance, heating, lighting and ventilation, electricity and water consumption metering, sewerage, fire alarm, public address system, fuel dispenser protection units, etc.

The technological process of functioning of a stationary filling station includes a set of operations for receiving, storing and dispensing petroleum products. In order to increase the efficiency of filling stations, the technological process can be provided with automated systems for determining the amount of fuel, monitoring the tightness of tanks, reducing fuel losses and maintaining its quality.

The amount of fuel stored at filling stations is determined based on the average filling of one car (50 liters), and the number of fuel dispensers - based on servicing 15 cars per hour.

The layout of the station may have different solutions depending on the capacity and amount of fuel supplied and the services provided to customers. One of these solutions is shown in Fig. 1.2.

Rice. 1.2. Petrol station plan

1.1.2. ACCOMMODATION REQUIREMENTS

To reduce the gas contamination of residential and industrial buildings, the gas station is located on the side of the prevailing wind direction. Placement on overpasses, under them and on watercraft is not allowed.

The layout should exclude the possibility of emergency spillage of fuel on the territory of the gas station and beyond. At the entrance and exit from the territory, it is necessary to have gently sloping elevated sections with a height of at least 0.2 m or drainage trays that divert atmospheric precipitation contaminated with oil products to the treatment plant. The layout provides:

· convenient access and parking of vehicles at the dispenser during refueling;

good overview of the entire territory from the operator's premises;

allocation of zones for green spaces;

· sanitary and hygienic conditions for station workers;

· coordination with the general architectural composition of the microdistrict.

The location is indicated by the road sign "Gas Station". Gas filling stations should be installed on concrete sites, concrete slabs, in exceptional cases on asphalt sites that provide collection of fuel in case of leakage.

The minimum distances of the gas station to external objects and between its structures are accepted in accordance with NPB 111-98*.

The distance from the edge of the platform for tank trucks to the ground-based technological equipment, structures of sheds and technological shafts of underground tanks must be at least 2 m. For technological shafts of underground tanks with non-combustible material, this distance is not standardized.

The gas station fencing must be ventilated. Landscaping of the territory with shrubs and trees that emit flakes, fibrous substances or pubescent seeds during flowering is not allowed. Near the plantings of agricultural crops through which the spread of flame is possible, a ground cover is provided that does not spread the flame or a plowed strip of land with a width of at least 5 m.

1.1.3. TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT

Technological equipment of gas stations is located on four main technological lines.

Filling line- a set of equipment that ensures the filling of the tank with fuel from a tank truck. The section of the line, which is part of the tank, consists of a DN 80 pipeline with a wall thickness of at least 4 mm, which on one side ends at a distance of no more than 100 mm from

the bottom of the tank with a fuel jet divider, on the other hand, with a flange for connecting the filling line pipeline. The section, which is not part of the reservoir, consists of inter-unit pipelines of the intake and pumping wells. In the receiving well are placed: quick coupling; a water seal filter that performs the function of a flame arrester; stop valves; fitting for connecting the leak test system; control post. A pumping unit with an electric motor in an explosion-proof design in accordance with GOST 17494 is placed in the pump well.

Issuing line- a set of equipment that ensures the supply of fuel from the tank to the fuel dispenser: fuel intake pipeline DN 50 with a wall thickness of at least 3 mm, equipped with a receiving valve for fuel intake at a distance of at least 150 mm from the bottom of the tank; fire barrier; shut-off valves in the technological well of the tank and in front of the fuel dispenser; pipelines for supplying fuel to the fuel dispenser. The section of the pipeline from the technological well to the fuel dispenser is laid in trays, excluding the release of fuel spills from it into the ground.

Deaeration line- a set of equipment that provides fire and explosion-proof communication with the atmosphere of the free space of the tank. The line consists of a ground section of a steel pipeline, the end of which is equipped with a breather valve and shut-off valves in front of the breather valve, and a section laid in a mine connecting the vapor space of the reservoir with the ground section. Shut-off valves are designed to shut off this pipeline during system tightness tests, as well as for the safe replacement and maintenance of the breathing valve. Thresholds of operation of the respiratory valve: vacuum 100-150 Pa, pressure 1400±50 Pa. The breathing valve is installed at the end of the line, the installation height from the site surface is 2.5 m. The throughput of the line is controlled using a pressure and vacuum gauge with shutoff valves.

Desliming line- a set of equipment that ensures the removal of produced water with solid particles (sludge) from the tank. The line is also used for complete emptying of the tank from oil product residues (when the oil product level is below the point of its intake by the dispensing line) and for mechanized flushing of the tank in a closed way. The desliming line consists of:

a stationary part, which is a pipeline DN 40, on the one hand ending with a collector for the formation intake of produced water, passing at a distance of no more than 10 mm from the bottom of the tank, and on the other hand, with a fitting with a hermetically sealed plug and designed to connect the hose of the sludge pumping pump or cleaning solution

· portable part, consisting of a suction hose, a hand pump, a drain hose and a portable sludge container.

1.1.4. PROCESS PIPING

The requirements for the process pipelines of gas stations are set by NPB 111-98 *, tightness and strength must comply with SNiP 3.05.05, and anti-corrosion protection of underground sections - GOST 6.602. For technological pipelines, a piping diagram with shut-off valves installed on it should be drawn up.

Technological pipelines must not be laid in common trenches with gas pipelines, fire water pipelines, heat pipelines, as well as with high and low voltage cables.

Flange connections of pipelines and equipment must be tightly tightened on gaskets made of gasoline-resistant material.

Gland seals of shut-off and other devices should be checked regularly with the addition or replacement of stuffing box packing.

Underground sections of communications must have an anti-corrosion coating. Ground areas must be painted.

Process pipelines with fittings, fuel dispensers and drain hoses must be securely connected to a single grounding system.

Single-wall underground pipelines for fuel and its vapors should be located at a depth of at least 0.4 m in buried trays, excluding fuel leakage beyond them.

When using double-wall pipelines of the "pipe in pipe" type with detachable connections that provide separate sealing of the internal and external pipelines, construction without trays is allowed.

Technological pipelines located underground or in the free space of the shafts of tanks and technological wells must meet the following requirements:

flange connections should be carried out according to the tenon-groove principle;

reliability of connections must comply with the requirements of operational documents;

connections must be sealed and equipped with devices that exclude their self-disconnection;

shut-off and control valves installed on pipelines for flammable and toxic oil products, regardless of the temperature and pressure of the medium, must be steel.

The places where pipelines enter the tanks must be above the nominal level of filling them with fuel.

Check valves must be installed on the suction pipes of fuel dispensers to prevent the pumped liquid from moving in the opposite direction.

Gate valves, taps, valves and other locking devices must be kept in good working order and ensure the possibility of reliable and quick shutdown of pipelines. Faults in locking devices must be repaired immediately.

Shut-off and control valves must be numbered according to the technological scheme.

Stop valves (gate valves, taps) installed on pipelines must have end position indicators.

All technological pipelines must be calibrated in accordance with the Guidelines “Capacity of technological pipelines. Measurement technique”.

During the operation of technological pipelines, it is necessary:

Do not allow the pressure to rise above the one established by the project;

Open and close gate valves on pipelines using flywheels or special keys, without using any additional levers;

· make sure that water does not get into the pipeline, in order to avoid its defrosting.

Inspection of pipelines should be carried out daily. Particular attention should be paid to the condition of flange and socket connections.

Fuel leaks from the pipeline and sweat spots must be eliminated immediately by:

setting of emergency couplings and collars;

Welding

· tightening bolts or replacing gaskets in flanged connections with preliminary release of the pipeline;

repair of pipelines with epoxy-based plastics.

At least once a year, steam-air pipelines must be purged with air to remove deposits, and once every five years they must be tested for tightness.

Pipelines connecting various filling station equipment form technological lines for filling and draining fuel, deaeration of tanks and their cleaning.

MOBILE FUEL STATIONS

1.2.1. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS

They are a mobile technological system installed on a car chassis, trailer or semi-trailer, manufactured as a single factory product. Designed for transportation and refueling of vehicles in places of concentration of vehicles, agricultural machinery in the field, on tourist routes, as well as on the territory of stationary gas stations during cleaning and repair of tanks.

Technical characteristics of PASS are given in table. 1.2.

The PAZS should be located on a specially designated site, agreed with the administrative authorities, be level and provide the possibility of free access of vehicles for refueling in compliance with fire safety rules. Security markings, appropriate signs about the location of a fire reservoir, water intake wells or a fire hydrant, markers for canopies, posters with the driver's duties when refueling a car are installed.

The territory must be illuminated in accordance with existing standards, especially places for refueling and draining fuel, and also equipped with telephone and loud-speaking communications.

Signs are installed indicating the name of the operator on duty, the opening hours and the location of the nearest gas station. Each column must be marked with its serial number and brand of the dispensed oil product.

PAZS is registered with the traffic police. The stencils "Mobile gas station", "Flammable" and a sign of cargo classification in accordance with GOST 19433-88 and "Rules for the transport of dangerous goods in the Russian Federation" are applied on it. On the inside of the cabinet door is placed

Filling stations (gas stations) are designed to service and refuel cars and other vehicles with fuel and lubricants. Along the way, they sell oils, lubricants and special liquids packaged in small containers. The auxiliary operations performed at gas stations include washing cars, their minor repairs, and the sale of spare parts. An integral part of modern gas stations are a cafe and a convenience store.

According to the method of installation and installation of equipment, gas stations are divided into stationary and mobile.

Mobile gas stations (PAZS) are mounted on a frame and, depending on their purpose, are installed on a car or trailer. They consist of a container, measuring and dispensing devices mounted on the vehicle chassis.

Stationary gas stations are built according to standard designs for 300,500,750 and 1000 gas stations per day (1 gas station - 50 liters of fuel and 2 liters of oil). They include:

Underground storage tanks for petroleum products;

Fuel and oil dispensers;

Premises for service personnel;

Other premises in accordance with the additional functions performed by the gas station.

A schematic diagram of a stationary filling station is shown in fig. 14.16.

Fig.14.16. Schematic diagram of the gas station:

1 - drain device; 2 - fuel tank; 3 - receiving valve; 4 - corner anti-explosive; 5 - measuring device; 6 - respiratory valve; 7 - fuel dispenser

The oil product delivered to the gas station using tank trucks is drained through device 1 into the fuel tank 2. Here it settles, its quantity is measured through device 5. The oil product is released to consumers using a fuel dispenser 7 connected to the tank by a pipeline on which a receiving valve 3 and an angle fuse 4 were mounted. The “breathing” of the tanks is carried out through valve 6.

Consider the elements of the gas station circuit diagram in more detail.

Drainage device 1 is designed to drain oil products into the tank in a closed way, i.e. under the level of the product in it. The drain device consists of a nipple, to which we attach the "sleeve of a tank truck, a filter and a drain pipeline.

Quick and tight connection of the nipple with the sleeve of the tanker is provided by a special quick coupling.

For storage of petroleum products at filling stations, horizontal and vertical steel tanks with a capacity of 5 to 50 m 3 and a wall thickness of 3...4 mm are used. Tanks at filling stations are usually distributed as follows: 75% for gasoline, 15% for diesel fuel and up to 10 % - under oils.

Gas station tanks are designed for overpressure of 700000 and vacuum -1000 Pa.

Measuring device5 is used to measure the level of oil spillage in the tank. It provides the vertical direction of the measuring rail (meter rod). Structurally, the measuring device is a perforated pipe with a diameter of 40 mm with a lid.

To connect the dispensers to the tanks, a suction device is used, consisting of a receiving valve 3, an angle fuse 4 and a suction pipeline.

The purpose of the intake valve3 is to prevent the discharge of oil from the suction pipeline into the tank after the dispensing column is turned off. When the pump stops, the pressure in the pipeline and in the tank equalizes and the valve disc, under the action of its own weight, sits on the seat, blocking the cross section.

Corner protector 4 prevents the flame from spreading through the suction pipe. To do this, a brass mesh is installed inside the metal case, which simultaneously acts as a filter for the oil product pumped out of the tank.

Fuel - dispensers are designed for refueling vehicles with simultaneous measurement of the amount of fuel or oil dispensed.

Despite the differences in the designs of dispensers, they all include a pump, a liquid meter, a filter, a dispensing sleeve and a dispensing tap.

The pump of the fuel dispenser is intended for pumping fuel from the gas station tank into the tanks of vehicles. Since the tank is below the column, the pump is self-priming. The capacity of fuel dispenser pumps ranges from 20 to 70 l/min.

The filter is used to remove mechanical impurities from the liquid entering the column.

The dispensing sleeve is intended for pumping liquid and connecting the dispenser with a dispensing tap. In dispensing columns, rubber-fabric petrol-resistant sleeves with a diameter of 25 mm for a pressure of 0.4 MPa are used.

The dispensing tap is used to quickly cut off the fuel jet when it reaches the maximum level in the car tank, in order to prevent overflow and related losses.

General ideas about gas stations

Storage of petroleum products at gas stations is carried out in metal horizontal above-ground or buried tanks.

Tanks and their equipment

Rice. one

The design of the tank and the technology of its operation must ensure its tightness for 10 years or more. To control the tightness of the tank, it is equipped with appropriate systems that allow timely detection of a leak and taking measures. The tank equipment and its placement should ensure that all necessary technological operations are performed:

1. reception (draining) of oil products is provided by a drain device;

2. the release of petroleum products is provided by a dispensing device;

cleaning inside the tank is carried out through a special manhole, which can be made on the cover of the technological neck or separately.

KAFS - container gas station or gas station of modular (container) type. Such a mini-gas station is designed for receiving, storing and dispensing one or two types of fuel in the territory of settlements. Gas stations have an above-ground fuel storage tank. Its technological system is characterized by the placement of gas stations (fuel dispensers) in a single unit with a fuel storage container. Convenient for quick deployment of filling stations

Benzimn is a combustible mixture of light hydrocarbons with a boiling point of 30 to 200 °C.

Propamn, C3H8 is an organic substance of the alkane class. Contained in natural gas, formed during the cracking of petroleum products.

Butamn (C4H10) is an organic compound of the alkane class. In chemistry, the name is mainly used to refer to n-butane. The mixture of n-butane and its isomer isobutane CH(CH3)3 has the same name. Poisonous, inhalation of butane causes dysfunction of the pulmonary-respiratory apparatus.

Fuel dispensers

Design software distinguishes the following types of speakers:

· КР - portable with the manual drive;

· KER - stationary with electric drive;

· KEM - stationary with an electric drive and control from a local setting device;

· КА - stationary with the electric drive, automated.

Rice. 2

Fuel from tank 1, through intake valve 2, passing through filter 3, enters pump 4.

Filling stations (gas stations) are designed to receive, store and refuel ground vehicles with motor fuel.

Along with refueling at gas stations, the following work can be performed:

Changing and adding oil to engines and coolant to radiators;

Tire inflation with air;

Adding electrolyte and recharging batteries;

Adding brake fluid and bleeding the brakes;

Car wash;

Minor car maintenance and repairs;

Service for drivers and passengers (cafe, shop, etc.).

In order not to reduce the throughput of the station for refueling, all auxiliary work is carried out away from the filling islands at specially designated posts.

Car filling stations are classified according to various criteria. By design:

Stationary;

Container (KAZS);

Mobile (PASS).

By function:

Common use;

Departmental.

According to the way of placement of tanks:

With an underground location;

With ground location;

With the location on the vehicle.

According to the normative parameters of standard projects:

By the number of fuel dispensers;

By the number of gas stations during peak hours;

By the number of refueling cars per day;

According to the total capacity of the tanks.

By type of location on the ground, gas stations are:

Road;

urban;

Rural;

Road gas stations are located near highways. They must provide refueling vehicles with fuel, compressed air and water. The capacity of road stations depends on the intensity of vehicles on the road and can reach 1000 - 1500 gas stations per day.

City filling stations are located in cities outside the central part (residential areas) and are designed for filling all types of cars and motorcycles. The capacity of city stations is 250 - 1000 gas stations per day, and the stations of the "sidewalk type" - 150 - 250 gas stations per day in the central areas of the city for personal cars.

Rural filling stations provide refueling of vehicles of agricultural enterprises and organizations of regional centers with all types of fuels and lubricants.

River gas stations carry out refueling of water small vessels - boats, motor boats, etc.

Stationary gas stations are capital structures, including buildings, fuel dispensers, tanks, process pipelines, treatment facilities and various process support systems. A variant of gas station structures is shown in Figure 4.1.

The hinged group includes filling islands, information column lamps, a facing set for the colonnade and a hinged part, a light frieze in the Customer's corporate color scheme, a three-dimensional illuminated sign of the Customer, lighting fixtures, a transitional dome between the building and the hinged group.

Rice. 4.1. The composition of the gas station facilities: a) I - hinged group; 2 - production block of the building; 3 - service block of the building; b) 1 - hinged group; 2 - module of the building of full factory readiness

Filling islands are made of polished or brushed stainless steel and are used as fuel dispenser bases, column supports, steles and service posts to protect them from vehicle damage.

The gas station building consists of one prefabricated module or production and service blocks. The production block includes a central entrance, an operator's work area, an electrical panel room, a pantry, a service exit, a locksmith's room, an administrator's room, a service bathroom, a visitor's bathroom and a security room. The service block is intended for service.

The gas station building is equipped with air conditioning systems, a thermal curtain of the central vestibule, television surveillance, heating, lighting and ventilation, electricity and water consumption metering, sewerage, security and fire alarms, public address systems, as well as fuel dispenser protection units, etc.

Stationary gas stations can provide refueling up to 1500 cars per day. In terms of capacity, they are calculated for 200, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 car fillings per day, in terms of the number of fillings during peak hours - 57, 100, 135, 170 cars per hour, other capacities are possible (Table 4.1). The most common types are filling stations with 500 - 750 fillings per day.

Table 4.1 Normative parameters of typical gas station projects

The amount of fuel stored at filling stations is determined based on the average filling of one car (50 liters), and the number of fuel dispensers - based on servicing 15 cars per hour.

The layout of the station may have different solutions depending on the capacity and amount of fuel supplied and the services provided to customers. One such solution is shown in Figure 4.2.

Rice. 4.2. Gas station plan: I - platform for a tank truck; 2 - fuel tanks; 3 - parking of cars; 4 - trash cans; 5 - stele; b - storage tanks for treatment facilities

Appointment and device of the gas station. Types and characteristics of gas stations

SCHEME OF THE MASTER PLAN FOR FUEL STATIONS

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