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E. A. Alyabyeva
A child in the world of adults. Stories about professions

© TC Sfera LLC, design, 2016

© Alyabyeva E.A., text, 2016

From the author

Familiarizing children of senior preschool age with the professions of adults is one of the important tasks of a child’s socialization. The idea of ​​professions allows children to penetrate deeper into the world of adults, understand and accept it. It creates an interest in work, gives birth to a dream about one’s own future, and makes it possible to be proud of the results of the work of one’s close relatives and people in general. The transformation of the world of professions clearly shows children how scientific thought develops and technological progress takes place in society and the world. Experiencing the influence of the results of adults’ work on themselves, children practically realize its significance. Work for everyone becomes clear to a child of senior preschool age; socialization of the results of the work of adults helps him understand the interdependence of people in a social community.

The reflection of the work of adults in role-playing games shows the importance of this area of ​​cognition for children.

The relevance of the formation in children of primary ideas about work, its role in society and the life of each person is justified by the Federal State Educational Standard for Education.

The range of professions that older preschoolers are introduced to is quite wide. However, the teacher cannot introduce children to every profession by organizing excursions and targeted walks. Thematic dictionaries, visual aids, material from the Internet and, of course, stories, poems and fairy tales come to the rescue.

Only a combination of different methods and forms can produce results. It is necessary to interest preschoolers so that they have a desire to understand the topic as deeply as possible, come into contact with it personally, and dream of trying themselves in this area of ​​​​human activity.

The author offers several teaching aids for introducing professions to children aged 5–8 years. The books under the general title “Let’s Play in the Profession,” published by the publishing house “TC Sfera” in 2015, systematize activities, games, poems, riddles, physical education, and gymnastics for the designated professions. This book is a good addition to these manuals.

Children's stories with a plot are more relatable and understandable to a preschooler. They help you look at the professional activities of adults through the eyes of a child and connect your personal experience.

Descriptive stories include more necessary information, but require children to concentrate, process information, and memorize.

All stories contribute to the development of children's speech. The teacher’s questions and tasks after reading are aimed at developing the ability to reason, draw conclusions, tell a story, correctly construct sentences, enrich and activate the vocabulary.

The sections contain goals, each story has a methodological part with questions, tasks and vocabulary work. Interpretation of concepts at the end of each section will help teachers most accurately and correctly explain the meaning of words used in stories, and children will enrich their vocabulary. In the texts, words for vocabulary work are highlighted in italics.

Several stories are offered about each profession, which allows you to reveal it more deeply. When writing them, the author relied on material from encyclopedias, Wikipedia, federal laws, job descriptions, qualification requirements for positions, and dictionaries. Some stories can serve as the basis for construction games, for example, “Railway Station”, “Port”, etc. Educational material about technology and the heroics of everyday life of people of different professions has been selected especially for boys. For example, in the description of the profession of a sea captain, various commands are used for interaction between sailors on a ship, which children can use in their creative games.

The amount of material offered to children is determined by the teacher. Of course, long stories need to be read in parts. Stories require discussion of individual points as you read, consideration of numerous examples. Concepts unfamiliar to children can be discussed before reading, but be sure to clarify them again during the reading process. Professions such as journalist and media worker are difficult for children to understand, so relying on specific material available to them, including video, is mandatory.

Educational stories for children 5–8 years old

Postal workers

Tasks:

– reveal the importance of the postal service of the Russian Federation and its workers, show how postal communication allows people to receive information and exchange it on an equal basis while maintaining the secrecy of correspondence, send and receive necessary goods, money orders, magazines and newspapers (new information), pensions; contact any location in the world; receive additional services;

– introduce postal workers, their job responsibilities, significant personal and professional qualities, and the rules for sending correspondence;

– provide basic knowledge on postal history;

– develop focused attention, auditory perception, memory, dialogic and monologue speech, enrich and activate the vocabulary;

– develop the ability to use your personal experience in a conversation, draw conclusions, express judgments;

– to form a respectful attitude towards postal workers and interest in their activities.

Anya's mom works at the post office telecom operator first class. She has so much work that by the end of the day she is simply overwhelmed. Anya could not understand why her mother was so tired. She was offended when her mother refused to play with her in the evening and went to her room.

One day, the kindergarten that Anya went to was closed for renovations. The mother had to take her daughter with her to work because there was no one to leave her with at home. The mother sat her daughter at the table, gave her a sketchbook, paints and pencils, and asked Anya not to make noise and not to distract her from her work. The girl drew a little, she got bored, and she went to inspect the post office.

The post office where Anya’s mother worked was small and served one of the city’s microdistricts. There were only two booths for long-distance telephone communication. In these booths it was possible to talk on the phone with family, friends or business partners living in other cities.

Two more telecom operators, a post office manager and two postmen worked with my mother. During the day, these several people did so much work that Anya even felt dizzy.

Telecom operators, including Anya’s mother, worked with visitors, postmen and workers from the main post office - the most important post office in the city.

Anya approached the department where telecom operator Maria Ivanovna worked. She received and packed parcels And parcels, entering all the data about them into the computer. She also gave out parcels and parcels to visitors who came to the post office to receive them. Maria Ivanovna read carefully receipt recipient and checked it against the passport. Anya asked her:

– Maria Ivanovna, why don’t you immediately hand over the parcel, but instead carefully read some papers?

“I read the recipient’s receipt and passport so carefully so as not to give the parcel or parcel to the wrong person for whom it is intended,” Maria Ivanovna answered seriously. – I also weigh parcels and parcels to check the accuracy of the weight, and check for any damage to the packaging.

“And I would simply give the parcel to the person who came for it,” said Anya, “then there would be no line at all.”

“You can’t do that,” Maria Ivanovna answered in an edifying tone. – Would you like it if someone else received your package or if the toy you were waiting for fell out of it along the way? Do not ask silly questions. Better help me put the parcels in the mail bag. Add and count. Then you can tell me how many are in the bag. Anya got down to business with pleasure. The parcels were not as heavy as parcels, so the girl easily completed her task. She could only count to ten. When there were ten parcels in the bag, Anya told Maria Ivanovna about this.

“Well done, Anechka,” the operator praised the girl, “she completed my task well.” I hire you as my assistant.

“You’re welcome,” Anya answered, “but I still need to help the others.” They should also have assistants.

And Anya went to the department where telecom operator Elena Petrovna worked. There was a long line at her window.

- Why is there such a long line for you? – Anya asked Elena Petrovna.

– Because everyone wants to quickly pay rent or get pension, child benefits,” Elena Petrovna answered, without looking up from the computer and receipts.

Anya immediately realized that Elena Petrovna could not be distracted because she was counting money. The girl went to see what her mother was doing. She quietly sat down next to her and began to watch her mother work. First mom accepted the pack registered letters from a girl. She weighed them on special scales and stuck them on them. stamps and entered all the data into the computer. Then the mother ran a receipt and took money from the girl for sending letters. The grandmother came up to her mother’s window to pick up the girl. She wanted to subscribe to the magazine “Our Garden”. Mom helped grandma fill out the receipt and charged her for the year. Next in line was a woman who bought from her mother envelope, postcard and stamps, and the man behind her sent it to his daughter in another city remittance. The young man, who was in line behind the man, received a money transfer by presenting his passport.

Anya’s mother did not have a single moment when she could rest. The line didn't end. Working with visitors seemed very difficult to Anna. Elderly people, who had difficulty seeing and hearing, had to explain things for a long time and help in processing postal items. Others wanted to quickly buy an envelope or stamps without waiting in line. People constantly came up and needed to answer some question.

Anya’s mother tried to be polite and reserved with everyone. All visitors were pleased with her and thanked her for her work. Anya wondered how her mother had enough time and patience for everyone?

It's finally time for lunch. Anya, along with her mother and other operators, was able to rest and eat.

In the afternoon, Anya took a closer look at the work of telecom operators with a computer. In it they entered information about postal items and receiving them. Working on a computer required constant attention and concentration. By the end of the day, the operators' eyes were very tired, and their backs hurt from tension. Anya really wanted to help the operators, but, unfortunately, she did not yet know how to use a computer, and children are not allowed to do such responsible work.

Anya realized that the work of her mother and other telecom operators is very responsible. If they format the mail incorrectly, it will not reach the recipient, but will be returned or may be lost. No one would want their letter or parcel to fail to reach its destination.

Anya helped her mother put registered letters into a pile, and then went to the postmen’s room. Together with them, she put newspapers and magazines in compartments on large shelves and in special boxes for those people who go to receive letters, newspapers and magazines by mail. Such boxes are called subscriber. But the girl was not allowed to distribute her pension, which postmen deliver to grandparents’ homes. Money is not for children. The postmen left to deliver mail and pensions to homes, and Anya was left alone. She was so tired during the day that she fell asleep right on the chair.

The working day ended, and mother and daughter went home. On the way, we still had to stop at the store to buy groceries, but we had almost no energy left for that. In the evening, Anya no longer felt like jumping and running. Only now did she realize how tired her mother was. The coloring book that the mother bought for her daughter in gratitude for her help remained on the table until the next day.

After the girl went to her mother’s post office, she began to take care of her. Every evening she ran to meet her, brought her slippers, helped her hang up her clothes, and cooked her dinner. Anya wanted her mother to rest and relax after a hard day at work.

Despite the fact that Anya found the work of a telecom operator difficult, the girl liked it. Doing something for people is so important!

Questions and tasks

● Why was Anya offended by her mother? Where did Anya's mother work? What was her job?

● Why did Anya end up at the post office with her mother? What kind of work did Anya’s mother have to do during the working day? What difficulties did she experience in communicating with visitors? What kind of work did other telecom operators do?

● What should a telecom operator be like to do his job well?

● How did Anya behave at the post office? Why did the daughter change her behavior and attitude towards her mother?

● Did you go to the post office with your parents? Tell me.

Vocabulary work: telecom operator, PO box, receipt, postal item, long-distance telephone communication, parcel, parcel post, registered letter, envelope, postcard, stamp, pension, money transfer.

One day, Vitya and his dad went, as usual, to the railway station to watch the passing trains. This was their favorite pastime. Dad told his son a lot about trains, their purpose, and distinctive features. Electric trains, long-distance passenger trains, and freight trains rushed past.

Suddenly Vitya saw a carriage with a white diagonal stripe on a blue background, an emblem and the inscription “Russian Post”.

-What kind of carriage is this? – Vitya asked his dad. - Somewhat strange, not like everyone else.

- Same mail car, - answered dad. – don’t you know about this? Then I'll tell you. By rail postal items(parcels, parcels, letters) transport mail and baggage trains and postal cars as part of fast passenger trains. So that everyone can recognize mail trains and carriages, they use distinctive signs: stripes, emblem and inscription. You saw these signs on the mail car. But you didn’t notice the special beacons that light up and blink. They are called flashing ones. This is also the insignia of the mail car.

“By the way,” dad added, “mail is transported not only by rail, but also by road, air and water transport.” And everywhere such transport is provided with unimpeded passage to post offices and post offices.

The train with the unusual carriage stopped. From it, postal workers began to unload bags, load them onto carts and take them somewhere. Vitya noticed that the carriage was guarded by armed men.

- Dad, why are they unloading some bags from the mail car? Why is he being protected? – he asked his father.

“Let’s go up to the carriage and ask the postal workers what they are doing,” the father suggested.

They approached the carriage when the unloading had already finished. Turning to one of the workers, they learned that he was the head of the traveling crew. The boss, whose name was Ivan Vasilyevich, liked that the little boy was interested in his work. He enjoyed talking with father and son and talked about transporting mail by rail.

“Working with mail is very responsible,” Ivan Vasilyevich began, “not a single letter, not a single parcel should go missing or go to the wrong address.” Mail is transported by rail by special traveling teams with a boss at the head. They work in them conductors-electricians mail cars. You, Vitya, probably know that electricians work with electrical equipment. They service electrical installations that move postal cargo. There is so much of it and it is so heavy that it would be very difficult to carry so much mail by hand.

In addition, postal cargo is needed unload and upload to railway carriage quickly, without disturbing the traffic schedule trains, because all trains on the railway arrive at the station and depart from it at a strictly defined time.

“Vitya, would you like your grandmother to receive, for example, the parcel you sent on time and safely?” – Ivan Vasilyevich turned to the boy.

- Of course I would! - the boy exclaimed. “Otherwise grandma will be very upset.”

– Every person is interested in ensuring that his postal item is delivered on time, is not lost, torn, unstuck, or opened by anyone other than the addressee. What is being done at the post office for this? – continued Ivan Vasilyevich. – Postal items are securely packaged in durable containers (bags) made of cellophane, boxes made of cardboard, special material or plastic. For each postal item, telecom operators issue a receipt and enter information about it into the computer. No outsider can get into the postal vehicle, carriage, postal premises in airplane or at sea ​​vessel. These premises are also equipped with special alarm. She serves security and warns of a fire. In addition to the alarm system, there is also an entire postal security unit staffed by armed guards.

What a serious matter this is - transporting mail! Grow up quickly, Vitya, and come to work with us.

“I never thought that mail needed to be protected,” Vitya said thoughtfully, “I thought that only some military facilities needed to be protected.” What a responsible job you have! Can I shake your hand? – the boy turned to Ivan Vasilyevich.

Ivan Vasilyevich smiled, but extended his hand to the boy. His hand was large and strong. Vitya remembered this handshake for a long time. Now, when trains rushed past him and his dad, he always highlighted the postal trains to himself and remembered the conversation with the head of the mail car.

Questions and tasks

● Where did Vitya and dad like to go? What were they doing there?

● Which carriage caught the boy’s attention? What external insignia does postal transport have? By what means of transport is mail transported?

● What do special postal traveling teams do? Who works there? How are postal items packaged? Why? How are postal items protected? Why?

● What kind of postal team workers should be like on different types of postal transport?

● Look at the external differences of the mail car in the proposed pictures. Draw a mail car or train.

Vocabulary work: mail car, postal items, emblem, traveling crew, conductor-electrician, alarm system, postal cargo, train, plane, sea vessel, security, transport, unload.

One day Lena and her mother went to the post office to send a parcel to her grandfather in the village. Grandfather had a big sweet tooth, so mother and daughter bought various sweets, waffles, marshmallows and other goodies. They put all this in a bag and went to the post office.

At the post office they bought a special cardboard box of the required size and began to put sweets in it. Lena helped her mother with pleasure, because she imagined how happy her grandfather would be with the gifts and with what pleasure he would drink tea.

Near the table where Lena and her mother were packing the parcel, there was a poster hanging on the wall. The girl began to look at the pictures on it with curiosity. For some reason they were all crossed out with a red line.

-What are these pictures? – Lena asked her mother. – Why are they all crossed out?

- Now we are at the end we'll pack we'll send the parcel inventory its contents, we will write ours on the box address and grandfather’s address, and then I’ll tell you about these pictures,” my mother answered.

While they were waiting for their turn to hand over the parcel, the mother told her daughter about the strange pictures.

“Look at the pictures,” Lena’s mother said, “what do they tell you?”

“If something is crossed out, it is prohibited,” Lena answered confidently. – in kindergarten we studied the rules of behavior in the forest, and there were also crossed out pictures. They depicted things that should not be done in the forest.

- Well done! - Mom praised her daughter. – Now tell me what is prohibited from being sent?

“Weapons are crossed out in this picture,” Lena noted, “but in this picture, probably, everything that can catch fire.” I also see money, food, animals and plants. But I don’t understand why they are crossed out.

“You are very attentive,” my mother praised me again, “you correctly noted that you cannot send all types of weapons, all sorts of dangerous substances that could cause a fire and poison people.” Products cannot be sent only those that quickly deteriorate. Imagine, someone receives a package, opens it, and everything is sour and rotten. Not much pleasant. And if all this leaks and spoils things in other parcels, not just one person, but many will have to be upset. As for animals and plants, poisonous species are prohibited for shipment. This is dangerous for postal workers and recipients. Anything that can lead to death, illness, injury, destruction of mail, postal transport and surrounding buildings is prohibited from being sent by mail.

- But we don’t have it in the parcel prohibited items? – Lena asked anxiously.

“No,” my mother answered with a smile. – the sweets that we send to grandfather can be stored for a long time, they do not pose a threat to anyone.

It was their turn. The telecom operator asked my mother for an inventory of the contents of the parcel and checked all the contents in the open box. Only then did she close it, seal it with special self-adhesive strips, weigh it on the scales, and stick it on the box receipt and put postmark. The parcel was ready to be sent. The operator entered all the data about the parcel into the computer, charged a fee for sending it and gave the mother a receipt, which contained information about who sent the parcel, from where, to whom and where, and the date of sending.

– Will our package get lost? – Lena asked her mother with disbelief.

“Of course not,” my mother answered confidently. – Russian Post works like clockwork. Therefore, our parcel will be delivered exactly to the address. I think grandpa will call us soon.

Indeed, a week later my grandfather called and said in a joyful voice that received parcel. He thanked his daughter and granddaughter so much that they immediately wanted to do something else nice for their grandfather.

Now Lena knew that not only hardworking, but also caring and very responsible people work at the post office.

Questions and tasks

● Where did mother and daughter go? For what?

● Where did they get the box?

● What items and substances are prohibited for shipment? Why?

● How did the operator prepare the parcel for shipment? How do the post office know where to send the parcel? Why is the sender given a receipt? What does it say?

● Why was Lena’s grandfather happy about the parcel?

● Tell us about your experience of sending a parcel or parcel at the post office.

● Didactic games “Let’s collect the parcel”, “Find out what’s in the parcel by touch”.

Vocabulary work: inventory, address, prohibited items, postmark, pack, receive, receipt.

Miscellaneous:

Boxerman Yu., Yulyeva T."Odyssey of Blue Fire"- “Gazprom is the heritage of Russia”: about gas workers and the gas industry, about how oil and gas fields were formed, where and how natural gas is extracted, how it is transmitted over long distances (Sr-St).

Storozhenko V.“Measure seven times...”- in a popular form about economics and economists, however, under the conditions of a planned economy. (Wed-St)

Sukhorukova A."Clockmaker"- about the work of watchmakers against the background of the history of watches and the Petrodvorets Watch Factory. (Wed)

Tsvetov A."Young editor of the wall newspaper"- something about the basics of journalism: layout, headlines, editorials, how to work with correspondents. (Wed)

Chlenov A.

Educational areas:“Speech development”, “Cognitive development”, “Artistic and aesthetic development”, “Social and communicative development”, “Physical development”.

Project type: informational - creative

Project type: group.

Project duration: short-term (15 days).

Participants: children of the senior group, teacher, parents, senior teacher, psychologist, cooks, safety engineer, nurse, doctor.

Relevance. A survey of children in the group showed that the children show interest in the professions of adults, but many of them do not know who and where their parents and kindergarten employees work, what their professions are called, what they do at their jobs, some children respect for the work of adults has not been formed. Parents, and we educators, rarely or not at all tell our children about their work. But the inclination of children to certain roles, games and types of work indicates the first manifestations of “professional orientation” in the development of the child’s personality. Based on this, I decided to offer the children the idea of ​​​​this project.

Expected Result.

I guess that familiarization with the professions of parents and kindergarten employees will allow: - to expand and deepen children’s knowledge about the existence of various professions, about the significance and value of each work. - activate and replenish children’s vocabulary, develop coherent speech on the topic of the project. - improve the monologue form of speech, thereby increasing the speech activity of children. - continue to develop in children the ability to be an active listener; - a desire to help parents at home more in performing feasible work duties at home and in kindergarten. - strengthen friendly relations between parents and employees, promote the desire to cooperate, and help children in its implementation. - will help in the future to find your favorite thing in life, which brings joy and benefits to people.

Objective of the project: developing interest and respect for people of different professions

Tasks:

Educational:

1. Maintain and develop the ability to carefully become familiar with the professions of parents and kindergarten staff.

2. To promote children’s ability to compose a story about the profession of their parents (present, the professions of kindergarten employees.

3. Develop children’s speech and productive activity during the project.

Educational:

1. Cultivate an interest and desire to learn about the professions of your parents and kindergarten staff

Preparatory stage:

Formulation of goals and objectives;

Development of an action plan;

Selection of methodological literature on the project topic;

Survey of children on the topic “What do you know about the profession of your parents and kindergarten employees?”

Main stage:

Tasks:

Educational:

1. Expand children’s understanding of the variety of professions.

2. Exercise children in writing short stories about the professions of their parents and kindergarten employees.

3. Replenish and enrich children's active vocabulary.

Educational:

1. To develop children’s cognitive activity and desire to learn new things about different professions.

2. Develop lexical and grammatical understanding, improve word formation and inflection skills on the topic of the project.

3. Develop communication skills.

Educational:

1. Contribute to the education of an active listener: the ability to listen to the stories of your comrades about the professions of your parents and kindergarten employees.

2. Foster a respectful attitude towards working people.

Working with parents:

Introduce parents to the upcoming project and its objectives (in the form of an announcement);

Invite parents to take an active part in the implementation of this project.

Interaction with children:

GCD for Speech Development:

1.Conversations - reasoning:“What professions are there?”, “What will happen if people don’t work?”, “All professions are important, all professions are needed!”

2. Reading books about different professions and looking at illustrations in art books about people of different professions.

Fiction about professions:

"Who to be?" I. Karpova (a series of books about professions, “What do you have?” S. Mikhalkov, “Who to be?” V. Mayakovsky, “Builders” by B. Zakhoder, “Uncle Styopa is a policeman” S. Mikhalkov, “What do crafts smell like?” ? " D. Rodari, "Doctor Aibolit" K. Chukovsky, "Dunno in the Sunny City" N. Nosov, Y. Akim "Incompetent", S. Baruzdin "Mother's Work", S. Marshak "Fire", "The Story of the Unknown" hero”, S. Marshak, “Poems for Children”, “Dugout” Mityaev, N. Kostarev, “Professions”, Y. Krutogorov, “Riddles and Proverbs”, B. Zakhoder, encyclopedia for children “Do you want to know why?”

3. Children presenting stories about their parents’ professions (presentations)

Compiling stories about different professions using pictures.

4. Excursions:

In kindergarten (introduction to the professions of a doctor, nurse, senior teacher, psychologist, cook, safety engineer).

Introduction to the profession of "Senior Educator"

Introduction to the profession of "Psychologist"

The cook's story about his work.

Conversation with an occupational safety engineer in a kindergarten.

Supervising the work of an excavator operator.

A trip to your favorite library.

5. Organizing an exhibition of your favorite books in the book corner.

GCD for Visual Activities:

1. Drawing “My future profession” or “Who will I be when I grow up.”

2. Designing their juice boxes “Houses of our city” (profession of architects, constructors, builders, designers).

3.Application “Houses of our city”, “Vases” (profession artists-designers)

4. Use coloring pages based on the project theme.

5. Finger game “Artists”.

6. Outdoor games: “If you like it, then do it this way”; “The sea is agitated” (with the words “Show me your planned profession”).

7. Role-playing games, games with designers and builders:“Road Construction”, “Firemen”, “Toy Store”, “Library”, “Policlinic” and others.

8. Survey of children on the topic “When I grow up, I will start working...”

9. Didactic games:“Who is doing what”, “I know all the professions”, “Who needs what for work?”, “Look and name the profession”, “The fourth odd one”, “What comes first, what comes next”, “Guess the professions from the description”.

10.Using sayings and proverbs in work:

The sun paints the earth, and labor paints man.

You work conscientiously, you are not ashamed to look people in the eye.

Soon the fairy tale is told, but not soon the deed is done.

Whatever the soul lies to, the hands will put their hands to.

A bird is recognized in flight, and a person is recognized in his work.

The bee is small, and it works.

A small deed is better than a big idleness.

Labor feeds a person, but laziness spoils him.

See trees in their fruits, and see people in their deeds.

If there was a desire, any work would go well.

He who doesn't work doesn't eat.

As you trample, so shall you burst.

It's a long day until the evening, if there's nothing to do.

You can’t even pull a fish out of a pond without difficulty.

Time for business, time for fun.

Working with parents:

1. Parents’ stories about their professions and their significance

2. Individual consultations with parents during the project

3. Providing parents with a list of books about professions recommended for reading with children

4. Help parents in selecting attributes for role-playing games.

The final stage:

1. Creation of a collective wall newspaper “It’s not so important who we are, it’s enough to love our work.”

2. Creation of the album “Children’s stories “Professions of our parents” (together with parents)

Result achieved:

1. The children of the group expanded and deepened their knowledge about the existence of different professions, the significance and value of each work.

2. The project contributed to the emergence of interest in the professions of their parents and the professions of kindergarten employees; children began to more actively participate in discussions and debates about which profession is more interesting.

3. Most children (19 out of 28) learned to write short stories about their parents’ profession and confidently present them to their friends.

4. Daily discussions and viewing of an album with photos and stories of children about their parents’ professions enriched their children’s vocabulary and contributed to increasing their children’s speech activity.

5. The project contributed to instilling in children a respectful attitude towards working people, a desire to help their parents, teachers and nanny (teacher’s assistant) at home in kindergarten.

6. Parents told the children about their profession, helped the children compose and write down the story they had written, and designed a page with a photo from their place of work.

7. The project strengthened friendly relations between parents and employees, contributed to the desire to cooperate and help children in its implementation.

I am sure that this project made children look at their parents’ work with different eyes and be more respectful of their work. The right choice of profession determines success in life, so I really hope that in the future my graduates will choose a profession they love, one that brings joy and benefits to people.

The pollution of the sea and coastline caused by the accident of an oil tanker serves as an example of the relationship between 1) civilization and culture 2) engineering and technology 3) society and nature 4) law and morality. Meaningful interactions between people that evoke certain emotions are called 1) mutual concessions 2) sphere creative activity 3) spheres of social life 4) interpersonal relationships Irina is preparing for the chemistry exam: reading a textbook, reference books, solving problems, taking tests. In case of difficulties, she seeks advice from the teacher. One of the results of this activity is 1) an exam 2) a textbook 3) chemistry 4) an excellent mark. Are the following judgments about the development of society correct? A. The development of society is related to the presence or absence of natural resources. B. The development of society is largely determined by the creative potential of people. 1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect The sphere of human activity aimed at forming a system of theoretical knowledge about nature and society is called 1) morality 2) religion 3) education 4) science A1 Correct the following judgments about patriotism? A. Patriotism presupposes love and respect for the historical traditions of one’s country. B. Patriotism presupposes a good knowledge of Russian history and culture. 1) only A is true 3) both judgments are true 2) only B is true 4) both judgments are incorrect Any product intended for sale or exchange on the market is called 1) money 2) resource 3) price 4) goods Anna planned to go on a trip to South Africa. For a whole year she saved a certain part of her salary for the subsequent purchase of a tourist package. What function of money does this example illustrate? 1) means of payment 3) measure of value 2) means of exchange 4) means of accumulation In country Z, there is commodity production and money circulation. What additional information will allow us to conclude that the economy of country Z is of a command (planned) nature? 1) The country has a fixed exchange rate. 2) Most workers work in industrial enterprises. 3) The state determines the volume and structure of products produced. 4) Factors of production are privately owned. Are the following statements about the market mechanism correct? A. The market mechanism is based on freedom of enterprise. B. An important element of the market mechanism is competition among producers of goods and services. 1) only A is true 3) both judgments are true 2) only B is true 4) both judgments are incorrect In K’s family. There is a tradition: to get together in the evening and talk about all the problems. What role of family in a person’s life does this example illustrate? 1) Family provides emotional support. 2) The family carries out primary socialization. 3) The family cares about maintaining a healthy lifestyle. 4) The family provides economic support for its members. Are the following statements about social conflict true? A. Social conflicts help each participant discover their goals and expectations. B. Conflict resolution often involves a transition to mutually beneficial cooperation between the parties. 1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect The democratic procedure for elections of government bodies is distinguished by 1) the provision of additional votes to labor veterans 2) the presence of a property qualification for voters 3) the provision of information by candidates about the sources of their income 4) nomination of one, the most worthy candidate in the elections. Supreme power in state Z is inherited. What additional information would lead to the conclusion that States