Opinions of experts in different fields.

The technology market is developing very rapidly, changing not only priorities in the development of science, but also our lives. Many people are interested in only one global question: “Which technology industries will become the most promising in the coming years or even decades?”

To determine the most significant and promising technological niches, we will consider the forecasts of a number of experts and partners of the federal accelerator “GenerationS”.

Space technology

In the near future, space technologies will be used everywhere both in space and on Earth. There are good prerequisites for creating enterprises for the production of materials in conditions of microgravity.

The study and development of Mars will allow us to create an impressive influx of new opportunities for creating the latest technologies, repeating the progress of our ancestors by analogy with the development of continents. Considering Russia’s leading position in a number of areas in the space industry, such a business model has a right to life.
Space technology is a priority future for all humanity.
Maxim Cheremisin – senior researcher at RSC Energia, Aerospace GenerationS track.

Space projects

Let us remind you of the craziest projects that are being developed and implemented now.

Space elevator

Obayashi Corporation (Japan) is developing the idea of ​​a unique elevator, the basis of which is a cable. With the help of this transport it is planned to lift up to 30 people into Earth orbit at a speed of 200 kilometers per hour. According to the developers, this will give a tremendous impetus to the development of space. The planned implementation date of the project is 2050.

Urbanization of Mars is closer than we think

Dennis Tito is an American who became the first commercial space tourist in history. He created the Inspiration Mars program. The essence of the program is to organize flights to the planet Mars. Scientists have calculated that if the spacecraft is launched on January 5, 2018, there will be a unique opportunity to shorten the flight path to Mars. The next such opportunity will come only in another 30 years.

Artificial intelligence in industrial areas

Artificial intelligence in industrial production is a very interesting and promising market. Let's start with the fact that Russia has a fairly strong mathematical school, and this segment has great promising developments at its disposal.

Recently, global trends have changed the vector of interest from the usual improvement of equipment performance to the side of creating specialized software to increase efficiency without changing physical properties.

In addition, in some areas of mechanical engineering, Russia remains the absolute leader, which means that domestic demand is sufficient to create or design successful developments.
Evgeny Borisov is a partner at the investment company KamaFlow.

We must not forget the fact that the worst scenario of the Terminator film may come true.

If it turns against us, we will be unpleasantly surprised.
But we want to be treated like pets - taken care of all the time. – Steve Wozniak

This is what theoretical physicist and cosmologist Stephen Hawking thinks about this.

Neurotechnology

The neurotechnological field is at the stage of intense revolution. Essentially, this is a synthesis of information technology, artificial intelligence and neurophysiology. All this brings us to robotics and communication systems, very popular and promising areas that will require a huge range of the latest developments.

The demand for these technologies will be colossal and will cover almost all areas of our life: be it medicine or the defense industry.
Evgeny Kuznetsov – Deputy General Director, Member of the Board of RVC

New food ingredients

Due to the depreciation of the ruble and the introduction of sanctions, the food market is beginning to transform; the share of Russian-made goods is gradually replacing foreign products. It is too early to talk about complete import substitution, given the fact that a significant part of the components is not produced in Russia, and there is also no solid basis for creating enterprises and solving this problem.

I propose to bet on the fast-growing food ingredients market. Every year its growth rates improve by 5-7%, the market is becoming promising and needs truly innovative projects. This solution can completely solve the issue of import substitution and in the coming years become the most popular segment of food production.
Tatyana Sanina is the director of business administration at the Biryuch Innovation Center.

Scientists have found a way to make our planet cleaner. They created a unique environmental film, which in its properties is no worse than cellophane, but is created, in fact, from potatoes.

Distributed Renewable Energy

A promising multi-billion dollar market that has already taken root in Europe and the USA. The essence of distributed renewable energy lies in the principles of network configuration and interactions between users. This concept fundamentally disrupts the mainstream energy market and allows homeowners to be not only consumers, but also suppliers of electricity. These are huge prospects for development.

There are good prerequisites for the development of smart energy networks, a new generation of energy carriers, renewable energy technologies, transfer of equipment to digital format, etc.
Tatyana Stroganova is Managing Director of the Next Capital Center for Corporate Innovation.

Instead of output

The development of the technology market is quite difficult to predict; it is even more difficult to choose the most promising niche from all this diversity, adapt to the rapidly growing demand and become the best. Analyzing the scientific and technological breakthroughs of past generations, we can place a clear bet on niches related to space, renewable energy, neurotechnology and artificial intelligence - everything that the modern generation so needs. The world needs challenge and cutting-edge technological innovation.

Various business ideas have one thing in common - industries. It’s easy to come up with a business idea, but it’s quite difficult to come up with a new industry. We present a list of the most popular directions for starting your own business.

This list is compiled based on long research into various business ideas, industries and trends. But, despite this, according to the KHOBIZ tradition, you can have your own preferences and it is thanks to them that real business acumen and the spirit of entrepreneurship live in you.

1.

Business in the field of public services can rightfully be called the most popular area of ​​entrepreneurship. Because in 90% of cases the service consists of one’s own aspiration and hard work. That is, an entrepreneur who decides to make money on services does not need a large start-up capital to purchase wholesale quantities of goods, open production, and so on.

Entry to the business market in the service sector starts from 2 thousand rubles. This is exactly what it takes to open your own individual entrepreneur. The rest is a matter of technology and your ability to communicate with people around you.

2.

China rightfully occupies a leading global role in total production in various industries. It is not surprising that more and more entrepreneurs are turning to China to start their own business directly with China.

Chinese entrepreneurs are also meeting halfway, launching Russian-language websites, and organizing their own representative offices in Russia.

All this results in the growing popularity of Chinese business in Russia. And the peak of popularity is still far away. You can get into this business in time, especially since there are business ideas with China without large investments. What are these ideas?

4.

A rightfully popular business niche. A home business is the most comfortable and has the least restrictions. Since you are supposed to do business at home, and houses and walls help.

Of course, it is very difficult to make a high profit in a home business, however, this is not required. It is enough to get a stable source of income that will allow you to support yourself, your family and, possibly, save start-up capital to open a full-fledged business.

There are no restrictions on the cost of entry into this industry, age, education, or occupation in a home business.

5.

In addition to the purchase and sale of real estate. The business industry in houses, apartments, and premises has many different niches where you can start your own business.

One of the main and, probably, the only limitation in this business is the presence of owned or rented premises for a specific purpose. This leaves an imprint on how you want to earn money.

6.

The Internet provides us with the opportunity not only to receive and exchange information, but also to earn money. To be honest, making money online is one of the home business niches. However, we distinguish this as an independent branch of business. Because the Internet provides us with new opportunities to earn money almost every day.

By the way, not a single branch of business can do without the Internet.

Therefore, in our catalog of business ideas -.

7.

One of the oldest business sectors. It appeared when there was no business.

Humanity is constantly being built and repaired. It is impossible to remain without work in this industry. New trends, finishing and building materials, technologies, tools and equipment - all this creates a huge demand for construction and repair services.

Therefore, the construction and repair business will always be profitable.

8.

The automobile business emerged with the production and sale of the world's first automobile. That is, this business is more than 100 years old.

And he's not going to get old. Every day a huge number of cars are sold and bought around the world. You can work and earn money on them, they can be maintained and repaired. And this is all the auto business.

Despite the popularity of these business sectors, do not forget that there are other business sectors. Ours contains more than 1000 business ideas in various industries. We remind you that you can find an interesting business idea in any industry, and their distribution in the catalog is very arbitrary.

Especially for the site

Work for students (and not only) from home!

Free schedule free education, official employment. Earnings from $500 per month on your own talent. Hurry, if you don’t start, others will start! Strictly over 18 years old.

The unstable economic situation has affected everyone differently: some types of businesses have suffered more, others less, and for others new prospects have opened up. Based on open statistics, you can trace the main trends and draw conclusions: in what area is it most profitable to open a business now, and what is it better to abstain from.

Crises come and go, but you always have to work. What business is in demand now, where to look for a promising niche? Despite the fact that the SME business activity index shows a decrease (Fig. 1), the number of individual entrepreneurs in Russia has increased. According to Kommersant: as of December 2015, their number was 3,643,911 versus 3,534,516 for the same period in 2014.

Figure 1. Dynamics of the entrepreneurial activity index in 2014-2015. According to the public organization SMB "Support of Russia".

The decline is mainly due to a drop in sales and investment: the share of trade in small businesses is more than 40%. You shouldn’t rely on the average “hospital temperature,” so let’s take a closer look at how the situation is developing in three areas:

Main directions in trade

The negative impact of the crisis on retail is obvious: a decrease in income, saving behavior, and the transition of buyers to cheaper goods. The last factor did not turn out to be negative for everyone. “All at one price” type networks are expanding, including actively moving into remote regions (“Fix Price” franchise); commission trade has revived. According to a study by the Magazin Shopping group, as of October last year there was stagnation in the retail sector (Fig. 2, 3).

What entrepreneurs complain about:

1. a drop in sales is noted by 76% of respondents;
2. 55% of retailers were forced to raise prices;
3. Rental costs and property taxes have increased.

In general, the mood is pessimistic; a revival in consumer demand is unlikely to be expected in the near future. But by sector, for industrial goods the decline is not the same, which is clearly visible in Figure 3. For individual product items, the index position is above average.

Summary. The market for luxury consumer goods (and services) shows little change. The economy class segment is not developed. It requires a special ability to organize profits on low prices, low costs and margins, which not many have (a successful example of "Fix Price"). In recent years, trade has been most active in the middle class segment, and the greatest decline in real incomes has occurred among this part of the population.

How does the current crisis differ from previous ones? Opinion of Evgeny Butman, a serial entrepreneur since 1990 (Forbes interview). "The crises of 1998 and 2008 were instantaneous - everything fell, depreciated, froze. Ah! We looked: it’s not so scary. We picked it up, washed it, glued it up and moved on. And now, it’s completely different. Imagine putting a frog in a pan, and raise the temperature by a degree every hour. The frog will cook without noticing it. There seems to be no crisis, but this very heating is happening. We and our business are like this frog."

Paid services market

In the service sector the situation is different. According to Rosstat, there was a general decrease in consumption in price terms, but it does not look like a “collapse” (Fig. 4). As of November 2015, the share of paid services in the total expenses of the population even increased - 20.8% (in 2014 - 19.9%).

Analyzing the indicators for individual types of services (Table 1), it is easy to see that the crisis has a positive effect on citizens’ desire for sports, culture and a healthy lifestyle.

Promising trends in the service sector

• Tourism- on internal routes, agrotourism. In order to save money, many go on vacation on their own: it is no coincidence that the hotel industry is experiencing growth. The niche for organizing mini-hotels, catering outlets, parking lots, and hostels is expanding - along highways and in places of mass “wild” recreation.
• Outsourcing of all types- large and medium-sized companies save on personnel, marketing, IT services, and education. Small businesses take advantage of these difficulties by offering inexpensive services, products, and services. The leader is the IT sector: mobile applications, website builders, analytics, landing pages.
• Medical, health, sports services- There is a clear increase in demand in this market. If anyone thinks that this is too narrow a professional niche, they are mistaken. Below is an interesting example.

Sale of medical services from Germany

Alexander Bortenev and Roman Prilipko organized an online service for medical consultation by doctors from Germany. Tests, MRI and CT images are sent for examination to doctors who carry out diagnostics and recommend additional examinations and a treatment program. Results arrive within 4 days.

In January 2015, a website was created, a month later they opened an office in Magnitogorsk, then in Chelyabinsk. In total, up to 50 orders per month are received through the offices and website, the revenue volume is up to 800,000 rubles per month. Entrepreneurs plan to recoup their investments (about 5 million rubles) within a year and a half.

Summary. People have not stopped using services, they are only making a choice in favor of cheaper ones, with children's needs being a priority. The cost reduction occurs due to the “cleaning up” of the main service: coffee breaks, bookings, and on-site consultations are excluded. Renting expensive machinery and equipment is gaining popularity: cars, bicycles, ski equipment, exercise equipment.

Production

The manufacturing business shows the most optimistic activity index compared to other activities. Sanctions forced large manufacturers to look for replacements for imported components, materials, and products. Opportunities are opening up for small businesses to serve large enterprises. According to the portal TIU.RU (trade of machines and equipment for SMEs), in the first 9 months of 2015, the total amount of sales income exceeded the level of last year by 20%.

1 Food production.

Large retail chains: Perekrestok, Pyaterochka (Retail Group) signed new contracts with 800 suppliers in 2015. The share of Russian goods has more than doubled compared to 2014. For many product groups it reached the level of 90 - 100%. "Dixie" - imports fruits and vegetables from the south of Russia, Tula, Moscow region; 90% of dairy products are Russian and Belarusian.

Russian "Camembert"

The family enterprise Nikolaev and Sons (Krasnodar Territory) increased cheese production 10 times in 2015. The business began 4 years ago, with plans to produce Italian and French “premium” varieties. In total, the line consisted of 12 varieties. With the introduction of the embargo, the company reduced them to 4, with Camembert Lefkadia becoming the main product in demand. Blue cheese was the first to leave the shelves - retailers stood in line. Selling prices start at 1.1 thousand rubles per kg; they have not increased during the year. Supplied to retail chains: "Azbuka Vkusa", "Magnit", "Lenta", "Perekrestok", geography - more than 10 cities.

2 Innovative technologies.

Investors and large enterprises are now more willing to support Russian developments that have been lying on the shelves of research institutes for years. Scientists are poor at promoting their new products, looking for customers, and organizing the production of prototypes.

Helmet for miners and rescuers with Wi-Fi

In August 2015, NPF "Granch" (Novosibirsk) announced a new development: a helmet for rescuers and miners, equipped with a search system, a thermal imager (allows you to see through smoke), a video camera, and means of communication with the control center. While an agreement has been concluded with the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the first samples are also being supplied to neighbors - to the mining town of Kuzbass. The high-tech development has no analogues in the world; Germany has shown interest in it. Is it worth saying what a foreign contract means now?

3 Highly specialized niches.

Many large industries need components, the production of which is unprofitable and troublesome for them. They willingly outsource such tasks to small businesses. There are always unoccupied spaces in this niche.

Necessary little things

An object that slightly resembles a toy excavator is a metal sieve for crushed stone. It is produced at the Gorny Tekhsnab Holding enterprise (Elektrostal). This crushing and screening equipment is in demand in the mining industry and quarries. Production began five years ago, and in 2015 they began supplying products to Belarus and Kazakhstan. In 2016, it is planned to conclude agreements with Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. Production is expanding, new equipment is being purchased.

4 Products for export.

Everything that can be produced for export must be produced and sold. What gets in the way is a lack of information and the problem of finding buyers. There are special structures where you can get advice on these issues: Russian Export Center, Excar.

The Export Insurance Agency (EXIAR) announced data for 2014. The number of exporters among small and medium-sized enterprises by the end of the year amounted to 13,500 firms, an increase of 27%. Of these, 85% are in remote regions. In the Primorsky and Khabarovsk territories the growth is about 2,000%, in the Murmansk region - over 4,000%, in Moscow - 139%.

Non-standard approach.

Importing goods from China is commonplace for many entrepreneurs. The small enterprise "Zaitsa" (Khabarovsk) has entered into contracts for the supply of the most common product - ice cream - to China and Korea. It is interesting that in the city itself, imported products from Moscow and Tomsk predominate. According to director Ilya Amirkhanov, the Chinese were very surprised by our initiative. However, 18 tons have already been exported to China, and 5 tons ($40,000) to Korea. The Chinese respect imported food products. According to surveys, more than 50% of buyers consider them to be of higher quality and are willing to pay for it.

The lower price segment of ice cream (locally produced) in China includes items up to $1.5 (per serving). About 30% of buyers choose more expensive, imported ones. The American brand "Haagen-Dazs" is sold at 2 times more expensive than in its homeland - $5-7. In 2015, the Latvian form of Food Union (after the closure of the Russian market) supplied 12 tons of product to China. The price per serving was set on the advice of the Chinese from $3 to $6. Sales figures exceeded the values ​​of European outlets by 300%.

Conclusions. There is no clear answer to the question of what business is in demand in Russia now. There are successful examples in different industries. Key positions are occupied by wholesale and retail trade in food products, inexpensive goods, food production; transport; services in the IT field, medicine, individual educational and cultural and sports projects. In any case, those leaving the market are being replaced by those who offer a new, more convenient, profitable solution.

According to experts, this year will be a real test for small and medium-sized businesses. But if you minimize all risks, you can survive these difficult times with dignity. Promising areas for small businesses in 2019, which we will discuss in this article, will help you stay afloat and at the same time receive a stable income.

Production

Promising areas of business development in Russia mean ideas that are aimed at the region where they will be implemented. This is especially true for the production sector:

• Food;
• Essential goods;
• Medicines;
• Construction materials.

These are the most promising areas of business during a crisis, for the development of which you can receive a grand.

Natural products

Natural products are products with a short shelf life. They do not contain preservatives or any other chemical additives, so such products spoil quickly. If you want to realize this, you need to take care of sales markets. Organic vegetables should reach stores directly from the garden, and meat should be delivered to consumers 2-3 hours after slaughter. If you cannot find wholesale buyers, try selling products online in a store with home delivery upon pre-order.

Handmade

In the lives of people who do sewing, knitting, pottery and other handicrafts, sooner or later there comes a moment when all family members are upholstered and tied, the house is filled with furniture, and the kitchen cabinets are filled with original dishes. If the desire to create does not subside, it means that it is time to turn your hobby into a source of income.

Handmade is a fairly promising area of ​​small business. People who decide to devote themselves to art can carry out private orders, create educational projects, or produce goods and sell them in an online store.

Almost all masters strive to strengthen their own importance, including financially, so they pass on their experience to their students. One group master class for one participant costs several thousand rubles. It is worth noting that the most promising area of ​​small business is online master classes. To increase profitability, you can sell creative materials at the same time. By the way, at this stage of development you can try to get help for small businesses from the state. If you manage to convince officials that the business is really worthwhile, they can allocate you a certain amount for the development of the enterprise.

Services

If we talk specifically about the most promising areas of business in 2019, a good investment could be the catering sector, the intermediary sector, tourism services, as well as everything related to housing and communal services.

Agritourism

Some believe that Russia is a country of dying villages. Indeed, in rural areas it is difficult to find a good job or start a business. But if you find a promising direction for business development, you can earn a decent income. For example, you can do village tourism.

Many city residents prefer to spend their holidays in nature. People who do not have a summer house rent houses in rural areas for the summer season and try on the role of a peasant. Agritourism is a great idea. Entrepreneurs who engage in this business find houses to rent, help the owners make repairs and conduct an advertising campaign. This promising area of ​​small business will begin to gain momentum in 2019, so it needs sociable businessmen interested in making money.

Recruitment

Nowadays, many companies are faced with the problem of finding qualified personnel, so this service is in great demand. Business profitability is 15-25%. Full payback occurs in 1–1.5 years.

Mediation

When thinking about what type of business is promising in our country, one cannot help but think about mediation. Such activities are characterized by high profitability with minimal financial investments.

The intermediary has information that the customer or contractor does not have. Thanks to this, he manipulates pricing and makes a profit. This simple job allows you to earn a good income.

The most common ideas in the field of mediation:

• Rental and sale of real estate;
• Renovation of apartments;
• Advertising;
• Car sales and more.

Many people earn money through hard work, without even suspecting that it can be “made out of thin air.” Start with essential goods and gradually build a system that will provide you with a stable income.

Private utility service

This promising area of ​​medium-sized business allows entrepreneurs to earn good money from housing and communal services. According to statistics, of the 6 thousand housing maintenance offices operating in our country, only 6% are private enterprises. This market segment is practically free, so any beginner can achieve great success in this area.

You can provide the following services:

1. Cleaning the local area;
2. Cleaning of entrances;
3. Lawn mowing;
4. Repair of sports and children's playgrounds;
5. Plumbing and electrical services.

The only drawback of this business is late payment for services. Debt in payments for utilities sometimes reaches 25-35%. In case of non-payments, you can rent out the basement premises and compensate for the costs at this expense.

Trade

If you are thinking about this, pay attention to the sales field. Low start-up costs, quick payback and ease of organizing business processes attract many novice businessmen.

The most promising ideas in the field of trade:

• Food;
• Shoes and clothing;
• Medicines;
• Essential goods;
• Construction materials;
• Present;
• Eco-products.

If you choose the right niche, the business will flourish and generate good income.

Vending

Vending business is the sale of goods through self-service machines. Vending is one of the most accessible and promising types of business. To make it profitable, you need to purchase several vending machines. The next stage is choosing a direction of activity. This could be a sale:

• Coffee and tea;
• Chewing gum;
• Chips;
• Chilled drinks;
• Children's toys and more.

The payback period for one machine is 1–1.5 years. The highest profitability is achieved by devices that can be used to sell goods at a high margin. For example, you can put a markup of 300–500% on prepared coffee. But chips or children's toys are marked up no more than 20–30%.

For this business to become successful, it is necessary to organize a network of machines throughout the city. Select the most popular places in your locality, determine what product is in demand among the population and get down to business. For example, at a university or dormitory, a coffee and tea vending machine will be very popular. With the same success, you can place several payment terminals and an ATM in shopping centers. In a couple of years, with success and a competent approach, you will become a wealthy person.

Fitness clothing store

Many modern women are willing to pay more for fitness clothing than for an exclusive evening dress. Companies that produce sportswear try to make their customers as comfortable as possible, so they are constantly developing new models. If you are interested, open a small fitness clothing store.

This product is in demand in almost all cities of Russia. In every locality there are people who play sports and lead an active lifestyle. If you want your business to develop and generate good income, you need to have a good understanding of the specifics of sportswear. Constantly replenish your assortment with new products, and you will not experience a shortage of customers.

In addition to clothing, you can additionally allocate a separate area for the sale of sports goods: dumbbells, hula hoops, yoga mats, jump ropes, balls, etc. All this equipment will certainly be in demand and will bring you additional income.

Social projects

Of course, any social project does not bring profit as quickly as various high-tech startups. But its implementation does not require specialized knowledge. In addition, such projects can safely count on. In addition, they are supported by various foundations. For example, the Internet Initiatives Development Fund offers 800 thousand rubles to any team that can come up with an interesting Internet idea that contains a social aspect. For this he takes only 7% of the shares. If you are thinking about it, pay attention to such interesting offers.

The most promising area of ​​business in 2019 in this area are projects aimed at helping older people. In our country, the number of pensioners will soon exceed 40 million people, so in the future any developments that relate to medical care or entertainment for older people will be popular. Also in demand are all kinds of developmental centers for children, where kids can play, communicate and exercise. Another promising area of ​​business in 2019 in the social sphere is recycling of garbage and waste. This niche is practically free, so you can achieve great success in this segment.

Franchise

Unfortunately, many aspiring entrepreneurs do not have large start-up capital, so they are looking for... This could be healthy fast food, various flexible media projects, or the use of franchises. Such promising areas of small business in Russia are accessible to many newcomers, both in terms of knowledge and financial investments.

Franchises attract many segments of the population. This is a ready-made business product that brings profit from the first day of operation. You don't have to create and market it. Franchise networks have their own customer base. This promising area of ​​small and medium-sized businesses is perfect for budding entrepreneurs, since franchise owners independently find a place for a future enterprise, develop the design of the premises and form an assortment.

Franchising is the most promising line of business in times of crisis. You don't have to test the idea because it's proven in practice. A franchise can be purchased in various fields of activity. There are more than 1.5 thousand of them in our country. Experts recommend that novice franchisees focus on well-known projects that are easier to attract customers to. The cost of franchises ranges from 150,000–15,000,000 rubles.

Educational projects

This promising line of business in Russia is suitable for people who are not strong in creativity, but at the same time have good teaching abilities. We are talking about mass education - courses, clubs or studios. The subject of study can be anything:

• Cooking;
• Internet technologies;
• Psychology of communication;
• Foreign languages ​​and more.

If an entrepreneur hires teachers, he needs to obtain a license for educational activities. To spend money on obtaining permits, hire teachers registered as individual entrepreneurs.